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Yemane G. Meskel 🇪🇷

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As the UN, other relevant International Institutions, and Governments issue statements on the 25th Anniversary of the Algiers Agreement, the brief remarks of wisdom that President Isaias Afwerki delivered at the signing ceremony: "we (Eritrea and Ethiopia) are not cursed but blessed to be neighbours", carries greater weight and significance today. This is in view of the turbulences that have occurred intermittently in the subsequent period due to willful and repetitive violations of international law by successive Ethiopian regimes. As it will be recalled, Eritrea fully adhered to its Treaty obligations and accepted the final and binding EEBC Award that was rendered on 13 April 2002 without equivocation. But incumbent Ethiopian regimes invoked flimsy and unlawful pretexts first to obstruct and delay the implementation of the EEBC Arbitral ruling, and ultimately to reject, the entire agreement with impunity. The current Ethiopian regime first signaled its decision to abide by, and fully implement, the EEBC Award. This seemingly positive stance led to diplomatic reproachment between the two countries culminating in the signing of the five-point Declaration of Peace and Friendship in Asmara on 9 July 2018. The Agreement heralded, among other things, "the end of the state of war between Ethiopia and Eritrea and the opening of a new ear of peace and friendship", (Article 1); and, "the implementation of the EEBC Award", (Article 4). But barely five years down the road, the current regime has reneged on its commitments to foment a dangerous situation of tension and conflict through its brazen declaration of "acquiring sovereign access to the sea through peaceful means if possible, and force if necessary". These days, the regime has gone further to insinuate the illegitimacy of Eritrea's inviolable independence in flagrant violation of international law, the UN Charter and the AU Constitutive Act. In the circumstances, the critical issue is, and remains, the response of the international community: will it be the usual apathy and appeasement for narrow interests; or prudent use of the substantial leverages and tools at its disposal for the sake of peace and legality?

Yemane G. Meskel 🇪🇷

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