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‼️ A "Pegasus-Like" zero-click RAT spyware targeting Android and iOS is being sold on a popular cybercrime forum. Threat Actor: xone9to1 Date: 04-02-2026 Category: Malware / Spyware Threat actor is advertising a zero-click RAT spyware claiming to work without APK/IPA installation, compatible with iPhone 17 iOS 26.2 and Android...

113,082 Aufrufe • vor 4 Monaten •via X (Twitter)

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A surveillance regime is being assembled in front of our very eyes. Most of you do not understand the tyrannical nightmare directly ahead. People still talk like this is a future problem. It's not. The battle against dystopia is now. 1984 is here. It arrives as "efficiency," procurement, integrations, device adoption, and a slow widening of what the state can do to you without asking, without noticing you, without needing you to consent. The attached video shows a federal agent in tactical gear wearing Meta Ray-Ban smart glasses on his face while carrying out state work. A camera at eye level. A microphone. A network connection. Constant recording that becomes a file, then a feed, then a searchable object that can be attached to a case, cross-referenced, stored, shared, and re-used. Raw footage is noise until it can be fused, searched, and operationalized. That is where AI enters. ICE is paying Palantir to build "ImmigrationOS," described as a platform for near real-time visibility into enforcement workflows, including tracking people and helping decide who gets targeted. Immigration is a perfect testing ground because the public has been trained to tolerate exceptional measures when the target group is already politically disposable. The capability does not stay there. It never stays there. The nightmare is the stack itself. Capture at the edge, aggregation in the middle, AI scoring and targeting at the top. Doorbell cameras feed the state. License plate readers feed the state. Data brokers feed the state. Local sharing agreements feed the state. Wearables feed the state. AI compresses the labor cost of suspicion, so the state can watch more people, more often, with less human effort. That is the mechanical shift most people still do not understand. AI does not need to be sentient to be oppressive. It needs to be cheap enough to scale the state’s attention and fast enough to outrun your ability to contest what it thinks it knows. Let me paint you the picture: an agent walks up the block wearing smart glasses, and your face, your voice, your license plate, and the people you are standing with get captured immediately. That clip hits an internal system where AI transcribes, tags, and links it to whatever identifiers already exist, your name, your address, your contacts, your past crossings, your employer, your car, your social graph. The platform fuses that with location trails and camera networks, then assigns a "priority" score that quietly moves you up a queue nobody outside the system can see. A caseworker opens a dashboard and clicks through prebuilt options that generate a task list, knock, detain, transfer, pressure, repeat, with the paperwork already half-written by AI. This is tyranny by procedure. The real chokehold is anticipatory control. Once people know they can be indexed, scored, and surfaced for enforcement, they start trimming their speech, their associations, their routes, their friends. Dissent becomes a risk factor, organizing becomes exposure, and the state does not need to ban protest when it can make participation costly enough to thin the crowd. It inevitably expands to include anyone who interrupts the smooth operation of power, and this kind of surveillance gives power the ability to punish quietly, repeatedly, and selectively, with plausible deniability stapled to every click. This is the formula for tyranny. The state gains capability, then finds incentives to justify using it. Agencies protect budgets by "demonstrating output." Contractors protect revenue by "delivering results." Politicians protect narratives by demanding visible "enforcement." Restraint gets treated as "inefficiency." Efficiency gets treated as "virtue." Your rights get treated as "friction." Any system that allows institutions to assemble your biography without your consent, then act on it without due process, is an engine of domination. Some people tolerate it because they think they will never be the target. That belief is childish. Power does not remain polite. It expands to fill the permissions you give it. A surveillance regime always needs new enemies to justify itself, because a machine built for pursuit must pursue. The regime being assembled is not subtle, it is simply normalized. It runs on boredom, exhaustion, and the assumption that someone else will handle it. It's all being wired now, and once it is wired, it will not ask your permission to be used.

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Social and Community-Driven • Community Aggregation Portal: Enables cross-scenario discussion and sharing among users of modules like prediction, gaming, and live streaming. • User-generated Content Creator System: Encourages users to contribute high-quality content such as tutorials, guides, and reviews, providing incentives and resource support to outstanding creators and streamers. • Interactive Operational Activities: Regularly organize AMAs, online competitions, and data review livestreams to enhance user engagement and a sense of belonging to the platform. 5. 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Other Expandable Portals The platform can subsequently expand subdomains such as dedicated event pages, tutorial pages, and creator centers as needed, all under the main domain for unified management. IV. User Flow Examples 1. First Visit: Users visit and register/log in. The homepage displays featured events and module portals, encouraging participation in gem trials or popular gameplay. 2. Onboarding: New users receive gem trial coupons and are guided through live tutorials or tutorials to quickly understand the platform's core mechanics. 3. Multi-Scenario Participation: Users can choose to participate in prediction betting, game battles, watch live streams and give rewards, join communities to express their opinions, or complete tasks and invite friends. 4. Asset Management and Withdrawal: Users can centrally view their Gem and USDT balances and earnings on the platform and withdraw them or use them to participate in other modules. Promotional earnings and commission details are displayed simultaneously. 5. Sticky Loop: The system periodically pushes cross-module tasks, community events, leaderboard incentives, and other content to promote continuous user engagement and platform retention. V. Trust and Compliance Assurance • Operational Transparency: The platform regularly publishes key data and security audit information to ensure openness and verifiability. • Risk Control Mechanism: Key processes such as withdrawals, deposits, and prediction participation are equipped with anomaly detection and anti-cheating mechanisms; large-scale transactions require KYC review. • Compliance Strategy: The platform monitors the regulatory status of crypto entertainment and prediction mechanisms in various markets and implements grayscale openness, geographic restrictions, and compliance disclosure procedures. • Privacy Compliance: The platform strictly adheres to local data protection laws to safeguard user privacy and security, and clearly states the scope of data usage in the user agreement. VI. Brand and Promotional Positioning • Suggested Platform Slogan: • " A one-stop on-chain entertainment platform with low barriers to entry, high transparency, and real returns." • "Gem Trials, USDT Play, the new standard for secure and reliable on-chain entertainment." • Core Marketing: Focus on beginner gem experiences, real USDT withdrawals, diverse gameplay options, and safety and compliance mechanisms. • Promotional Channels: Includes Telegram, Discord, and WhatsApp groups, livestream promotions with influencers (KOLs), and SEO/advertising (using keywords such as "on-chain entertainment platform" and "GameFi Real Returns"). VII. Technical and Operational Support System • Multilingual Operational Capabilities: Currently supports Chinese, English, Turkish, and Japanese, and will gradually expand to 16+ languages ​​globally, providing a localized experience for the international market. • Data-Driven Growth Analysis: Build a full-chain conversion analysis system to monitor new user conversion rates, retention rates, paying behavior, and task completion. • Customer Support and User Feedback Mechanism: Provide a multilingual customer service portal for immediate responses to user questions; promptly integrate community suggestions into product iterations and provide regular announcements. • Platform Optimization and Emergency System: Develop a security incident emergency response plan to ensure rapid platform recovery in the event of an emergency; continuously optimize the user experience through a data feedback mechanism. VIII. Future Development Outlook • Deep Ecosystem Development: Continuously optimize existing gameplay and module integrations, and explore the introduction of new economic mechanisms such as NFT incentives, DeFi mining, or staking. • Technology Evolution: Follow cutting-edge technologies such as Layer 2 expansion, off-chain settlement, and AI-powered recommendations to improve transaction efficiency and user experience accuracy. • Compliance Expansion Strategy: Promote legal operations in regions with mature regulations, and proactively prepare for compliance in high-potential markets to mitigate legal risks. • Community Brand Ecosystem: Cultivate a community of core players, influencers (KOLs), and creators, building a trusted brand image and enhancing user belonging through online livestreams and offline salons. 🔗 Register as a new user and receive $6. Join now:

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Project Constitution

96,087 Aufrufe • vor 3 Monaten

Apple’s iPad “Crush” Ad Is Bleak, Ominous and Threatening I don’t know if you’ve seen Apple’s just-released commercial for the “New” iPad Pro, but it’s pretty awful. It is dark, humorless, and feels like a not-so-thinly veiled threat to writers, musicians, game makers, developers, and artists of all kinds. …and children, even. I’ve watched it at least five times today alone, and I’m left with one big question. “Who on earth approved this?” It’s absolutely baffling that the world’s largest technology company, with the world’s biggest marketing budget, thought this would be a good idea. What kind of idiot—or idiots, since dozens or hundreds of people had to be involved in the writing, staging, producing, recording, and editing—felt this kind of ad would somehow create a positive emotional connection with consumers? Seriously, it’s terrifying. In a dank, cold warehouse, devoid of all life and humanity, an industrial crusher comes to life, and slowly starts destroying a collection of musical, philosophical, and artistic devices and instruments. For no apparent reason, everything starts getting smashed: first, a trumpet, then an arcade video game, then cans of paint, a piano, a globe, a metronome, a guitar… on and on it goes, obliterating everything in sight into a colorful, gooey, explosive mess. Books, camera lenses, lamps, a guitar, a sculpture, and a typewriter—all tools of the liberal arts—get mangled into a garbage heap as Sonny & Cher cheerfully sing, “All I ever need is you.” In the penultimate moment, a goofy yellow smiley emoji becomes a bug-eyed scary-clown freak as it, too, is crushed to death. Worse, if you enable closed captions like I do by default, the video says: “[POPPING] [SPLAT]” right as its eyeballs pop out of its head when Cher sings, “Give me a reason to build my world around you.” It’s enough to make a child cry. It has all the comforting vibes of the burnt pink teddy bear floating in the swimming pool on Breaking Bad after two planes crash in mid-air. I have so many questions (aside from simply wondering the names of the soon-to-be ex-employees who greenlit this abomination). First of all, as a trumpet player myself, I am personally offended that they made me watch a perfectly good trumpet get smashed to smithereens like it’s no big deal. Why would they torture me like this? Second of all, what is the message here? No, not that “the most powerful iPad ever is also the thinnest,” as the voiceover artist states in the last few seconds of the clip. I mean: what is the message? Ostensibly, pulverizing children’s toys, arcade games, architectural models, and ceramic Angry Birds into a paste implies something like “We’re taking all the best of humanity; all the collective works of Western Civilization, smashing it into pieces and putting it inside this remarkably thin device so you can have all of it in the palm of your hand.” But my oh my, is there an elephant in this room… he’s hiding behind the monstrous destroying machine. Did anyone inside Apple realize that everyone outside Apple will recognize this imagery in a metaphorical sense, but not the one Apple intended? We don’t see a crushing machine gently consolidating the greatest output of all our artistic endeavors, simply reformatted for a digital age and consumed by everyone with instant, fingertip access. We see what is painstakingly obvious to us, and the timing couldn’t possibly be worse. We see a giant, soulless machine consuming our work in a very different way. Right now, AI models are training themselves on our intellectual property and even our very own personally-identifying data. We aren’t the ones doing the consuming. We’re the ones being consumed. The tech industry has become one massive gaping maw, opening wide and swallowing everything in sight, chewing it up into little bits and pieces of comminuted waste, like a paper shredder or a garbage disposal. It’s destruction in its most literal form. And for what? For a newer version of the iPad that is only slightly thinner than its predecessor? For an only marginally improved version of Apple’s tablet device that has been around for 14 years? For increased profits? This is a terrible look for Apple. They may as well be saying: “All your work are belong to us.” Personally, I am a fan of artificial intelligence. I am eagerly embracing our robot overlords and I welcome our new CSV god (as the actual developers of AI models like to say). I look forward to the freedom and innovation that will come as a result of humanity augmenting our intelligence with AI like a force multiplier on a battlefield. But if Apple has the same perspective I do, they’re selling it in the worst possible way. When I see this video, I see that Apple is definitely crushing something… but I’m not sure what. -Crushing small companies that develop apps for the extremely heavy-handed App Store, which imposes byzantine restrictions on what they can and can’t do with their own apps? -Crushing competitors by limiting what they can do on the iOS and MacOS platforms with arbitrary and capricious rules about enabling functionalities that Apple doesn’t like, even if users do? -Crushing publishers and content creators with a punitive 30% fee on all subscriptions and in-app purchases? -Crushing choice and competition by not allowing app makers to make apps and programs that do the same thing that native apps already do, even if they do it better? -Crushing all human creativity and innovation by automating and systematizing everything? In the early days of the “Google vs. Apple” fight over the web and app stores, I was really concerned that Google was becoming way, way too powerful. Specifically, in 2015, when Google came up with “app streaming,” they announced a desire to form a “web of apps.” This was concerning. Especially when coupled with Google’s efforts to steal content from other websites and provide it to users via the “knowledge graph” results, ending up with the creation of “zero-click” search results pages, which absolutely punished website owners and content creators. By taking the most valuable content off a website and showing it to Google users without them needing to click through to the website itself, Google had essentially stolen everybody’s intellectual property with only the most minimal attribution possible (to fend off lawsuits no doubt, but with no intention of users actually visiting the website in question anymore). “Google is eating the internet,” I thought, and said out loud, (although I probably wasn’t the first person to use that phrase) But what I meant was purely an analogy. It was vague and ambiguous, almost silly. Maybe I was wrong, though: maybe it’s Apple that’s doing the eating. Maybe Apple is not only gobbling up everyone else’s work, but also homogenizing it—and us—and forcing us to use their platform, pay their fees, abide by their rules, and constantly keep upgrading, upgrading, upgrading, to an ever-thinner iPad in order to use it. Watch the video again. This is the stuff of nightmares. To be perfectly fair, even if I were to take the commercial at face value and ignore it’s off-the-charts creepiness and just stick to its one stated claim—that the new iPad Pro is thinner—it still fails as a commercial. Why? Because nobody cares how thin an iPad is. Seriously. I’ve owned an iPad since 2010: that means I’ve carried around a version of Apple’s already-thin tablet every day for over a dozen years. Never once have I said to myself: “You know what improvement I’d really like to see in this thing? I wish it were thinner.” Never. That thought has never crossed my mind, even once. You know what has? -Better battery life. -I’d like my iPad to not get hot to the touch when I use the Apple Pencil to take notes. -I wish it wasn’t so fragile: I dropped my brand-new iPad 2 back in the day when it slipped out of the arm-hold I was carrying it in, it bounced on the pavement, and the screen shattered into a thousand pieces, making it unusable. -I wish it had more storage. -I wish Apple would stop changing the type of cable connector it uses: I’ve gone from the original 30-pin connector to the Lightning connector, and now to the current USB-C/Thunderbolt connector. -I wish I could view the screen in direct sunlight. -I wish it wouldn’t overheat and turn off automatically when I use it outdoors in the summertime. Those are announcements I would welcome in a new iPad Pro commercial. None of this “now even thinner” nonsense nobody needs or cares about. So, back to the commercial. In my opinion, whoever made this ad should be fired. I almost never say that about other companies, especially for good-faith marketing efforts gone wrong… those of us who work in marketing make mistakes sometimes, and we learn from them. But cases like this warrant a special exception. Marketing and advertising are designed to make people want to buy your products. This commercial doesn’t just not make me want to buy Apple’s products. It makes me not want to buy Apple’s products, which is something altogether different. It turns me from someone who likes iPads into someone who is almost rethinking iPads entirely. That’s not just a bad advertisement; it’s a harmful advertisement. Apple’s usually known for great commercials. The legendary 1984 Super Bowl commercial was, of course, their best. I thought “Hello, I’m a Mac” was absolutely brilliant. They have made some missteps along the way, but this one is really bad. Not even their nauseatingly preachy and woke “Mother Nature” ad from a few years ago was this bad. Steve Jobs once said, “Technology alone is not enough—it’s technology married with liberal arts, married with the humanities, that yields us the results that make our heart sing.” My goodness, that last line alone is poetry itself! This ad seems to be Apple signaling that they don’t believe in that anymore. And I don’t think all this handwringing is an overreaction to where you could say “Oh, c’mon, it’s just a commercial! What’s the big deal?” It is a big deal. It tells you about the values of the company, and what they intend to communicate. Really, how is this the same company that used to sell iPhones by showing grandmas using FaceTime to connect with their baby grandchildren from afar during the holidays? Everything about it is wrong: even the thumbnail they chose for it (the bulging-eyed smiley face) and the fact that they gave it the title “Crush!” It was fun to see the reactions to the video online today. I find it fascinating that Apple shared it on YouTube but turned off the comments. On X, Tim Cook shared it Tuesday, and the video, which so richly deserves to be mocked, is getting it in spades. Some people are calling it “anti-art.” One user called it “soul-crushing,” which was about as literal and logical a response as you’d expect. It turns out Apple actually made an announcement about the commercial. In response to the (apparently unexpected) poor welcome it got, Apple wrote: “We missed the mark with this video, and we’re sorry.” Lame response from a tone-deaf tech behemoth, but still, they hopefully got the message. C’mon, Apple. I have seen the future, and this ain’t it.

Ron Stauffer

19,018 Aufrufe • vor 2 Jahren

Google just confirmed the first case of hackers using AI to build a zero-day exploit from scratch. An actual zero-day vulnerability that no human had EVER found before, discovered by an AI model, turned into a working weapon, and aimed at a mass exploitation campaign targeting thousands of systems simultaneously. Google's Threat Intelligence Group caught it yesterday and killed the operation before it scaled. But the details of how it worked are genuinely scary: The AI found a flaw in a popular two-factor authentication system that traditional security tools had missed entirely. The vulnerability was a logic error buried deep in the authentication flow where a developer had hard-coded a trust exception years ago. No human security researcher or automated scanner had caught it. The flaw was invisible to EVERY tool the cybersecurity industry has built over the past two decades. But the AI spotted it immediately. Then it wrote a full Python exploit script to weaponize it. Google's analysts could tell the code was AI-generated because it had textbook formatting, educational comments explaining every function, and even a hallucinated severity score that doesn't exist in any real database. The AI literally graded its own attack with a fake rating. So the code had MISTAKES in it. The criminals' implementation was clumsy enough that it probably interfered with the actual deployment. This was the sloppy first attempt by people who are still learning how to use these tools. And it still found a vulnerability that the entire cybersecurity industry missed. Google's chief threat analyst John Hultquist said: "There's a misconception that the AI vulnerability race is imminent. The reality is that it's already begun. For every zero-day we can trace back to AI, there are probably many more out there." But here's where it gets truly insane... This wasn't even a sophisticated operation. North Korea's APT45 hacking unit is sending thousands of repetitive prompts to AI models, recursively analyzing known vulnerabilities and building an entire exploit arsenal that would be physically impossible for human hackers to assemble at the same speed. They're essentially industrializing cyberattacks. A Chinese state-linked group jailbroke Google's own Gemini by simply asking it to "pretend to be a network security expert" and then used that persona to research how to hack TP-Link routers and corporate file transfer systems. Another Chinese group deployed autonomous AI agents that probed a Japanese tech firm with minimal human oversight, deciding on their own which tools to use and pivoting between targets based on internal reasoning. And then there's PROMPTSPY, an Android backdoor that calls Google's Gemini API to read your phone screen in real time, navigate your interface autonomously, capture your biometric data, replay your lock screen PIN, and block you from uninstalling it by placing an invisible overlay over the uninstall button. It literally OPERATES your phone using commercial AI tools anyone can access. Everyone spent the last 3 years arguing about whether AI would take people's jobs. Meanwhile AI is making every password, every firewall, and every two-factor authentication system on Earth fundamentally less secure. The entire $190 billion cybersecurity industry was built on one assumption: that finding vulnerabilities is hard and requires deep expertise. But AI just removed that assumption from the equation. And the scariest part is that Google said the criminals made errors this time. The implementation was rough and the campaign probably didn't fully work. These were amateurs, now imagine what professionals are able to do. There's a reason Sam Altman predicted an inevitable massive cyberattack THIS year. What do you think?

Ricardo

50,564 Aufrufe • vor 2 Monaten

//The Wire//2300Z October 2, 2025// //ROUTINE// //BLUF: TERROR ATTACK STRIKES MANCHESTER. FAKE ACTIVE SHOOTER CALLED IN AT NEW JERSEY MILITARY BASE. BOMB THREAT DISRUPTS SERVICES AT MIAMI CHURCH.// -----BEGIN TEARLINE----- -International Events- United Kingdom: This morning a complex terror attack was carried out in Manchester. One assailant began the initial phase of the attack by ramming his vehicle into the perimeter fence at the Heaton Park Hebrew Congregation Synagogue. Once the vehicle came to a halt, the attacker exited the vehicle and attempted to gain entry to the facility. Police were immediately on scene, and as the crowd scattered, police were able to corner the assailant. The attacker attempted to detonate a suicide belt that he was wearing, but the S-Belt did not explode (the belt was determined later to be either fake or not a viable explosive). A few moments later, the suspect was shot by armed police, ending the attack. Concerning casualties, 2x people were killed and 3x others wounded during the attack. Analyst Comment: The attacker (who has not yet been identified) was probably targeting Yom Kippur events (which is today). Some time after the incident, two other individuals were reportedly arrested in conjunction with this incident a short distance from the initial attack site. However the status of these individuals is unknown, along with how these arrests are related to the initial attack. -HomeFront- New Jersey: Yesterday afternoon a fake active shooter incident was called in at JB McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst. Local authorities arrested Malika Brittingham (a civilian employee working for the US Navy) for calling in the fake active shooting, which resulted in the base locking down and local schools enacting active shooter protocols. Authorities state that Brittingham called in the active shooter because she was feeling ostracized by her coworkers, and that faking the active shooting would allow her to "trauma bond" with her fellow employees. Washington D.C. - Politics continues as the government remains shut down. This morning, several media outlets claimed to have access to a leaked letter that was sent from the White House to Congress. The letter allegedly contains a notice to Congress that the United States is now involved in a "noninternational armed conflict" regarding central/south American drug cartels. Analyst Comment: If this letter is being accurately described by journalists (which is a big "if"), this is quite the eyebrow-raising declaration. Since the letter itself is being withheld by media groups, there's no way to independently verify the information or if the context is being described accurately. Either way, the phrase "noninternational armed conflict" is an interesting choice of words as it sounds a lot like a war declaration without a war declaration. Until some level of clarification is obtained, it's all conjecture. However, the absolute lowest-hanging fruit of an assessment is that the conflict down south will not be ending or de-escalating anytime soon. Florida: Monday afternoon a man was arrested after making a bomb threat during the Liturgy at St. Andrew Greek Orthodox Church in Miami. This incident occurred on Sunday, however it's just now gaining wider attention due to the details of the case. Local authorities state that a man was clutching a backpack and was acting suspiciously during services on Sunday, which prompted a Deacon to approach the man. Upon making contact, the man handed the backpack to the Deacon, and stated that it was a bomb. The Deacon took the backpack, which was making a ticking noise, and placed off to the side of the nave. The church was not evacuated, and services continued as before. After a few minutes, a loud, piercing alarm was emitted from the suspect (which later was revealed to be the suspect's phone), along with an audible countdown to detonation. After a few more minutes, the man who brought the bomb suddenly ran to where the backpack was being stored, and placed his phone inside the bag. Services were allowed to finish, and at the end the would-be bomber (who remained unsubdued inside the church throughout the incident), stood up and shouted Allahu Akbar before departing. The man was arrested the following day, and was subsequently identified as Isaac Lopez, a Cuban national. After some time the bomb squad cleared the device as being fake, and the suspect was booked only on misdemeanor charges, and held under a $7,650 bond. No word yet on if any federal terrorism charges will be filed. -----END TEARLINE----- Analyst Comments: If this incident had been real, this would have been a mass casualty event and MANY lives would likely have been lost. While hindsight is 20/20, theses types of incidents have already become far too common for anyone to take these threats lightly. As a reminder, a very similar situation occurred at St. Michael's Abbey in California less than a month ago, in which a mentally ill man with a vehicle full of weapons entered the Church and told the Priest that he was there to conduct a mass shooting. In the interest of time, we cannot wait months to examine every minute detail of this case; this is not to judge or nitpick the actions of the day callously, but to rapidly understand this event so that lives could be saved, if next time the bomb is real. Speculating a bit regarding this specific case, it is possible that Church leadership thought they were dealing with a potential mental illness situation, and that making a fuss would make the situation worse. This is becoming very common during church services all around the US, so this is understandable. However, all bets are off when someone says "I have a bomb", and their backpack is ticking. At that point we transition into the realm of counterterrorism, which many Church staff members are simply not experienced in managing (understandably so). In that respect, a basic understanding of what to do during a bomb threat is crucial. The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Administration has produced both a Bomb Threat Guide and a Bomb Threat Checklist for those to use who do not have a counterterrorism background. These guides may be of use for Churches who do not have experience with such threats, and are linked below. But again, in the interest of time a quick and dirty explanation of what to do is as follows: 1. If a bomb is discovered DO NOT touch or move it. 2. Calmly but immediately vacate the premises. 3. Isolate the suspected explosive device (i.e. prevent others from going near it). 4. If the terrorist is on site and is an active and unchallenged threat, those who are so able must do what is necessary to save life and limb. 5. Once clear of the structure, call 911 as soon as possible to report the incident. Regarding the potential attacker, whatever means necessary should be undertaken to prevent the terrorist from re-gaining access to the bomb; allowing a terrorist to tinker with a potential explosive device in a packed Church is the least desirable possibility, and should be avoided at all costs. Considering that rapid, unplanned evacuations are not something that Churches may be familiar with, it will be up to the Deacons or the Priest to organize an efficient and calm evacuation outside. A good rule of thumb is that the blast zone for an IED is always bigger than you think it will be, and flying debris will be a threat for a considerable distance. As such, do not simply mill about immediately outside the front doors, but transition to a safe zone some distance away from the structure if able. If a scenario arises where a Church official is handed a potential explosive device, place the device on the ground as gently as possible and rapidly vacate the area. Homemade explosives are usually unstable and likely to go off with the slightest provocation, so moving the device at all is ill advised while the Church is being evacuated. Parishioners should refrain from using their cell phones until clear of the blast zone, as if the bomb has a radio-based trigger the use of cell phones might prematurely detonate the device. For any churches that have on-site security that use radios, the use of radio comms is also not recommended for the same reasons. Specifically with regards to the special considerations presented to religious institutions, and also understanding that services are a Holy time for worship, if there ever were a more pressing moment to interrupt a Priest during services, it would be when there is a clear and present bomb threat actively unfolding inside the Church. This would warrant the Priest delicately but firmly being made aware of the situation so that the facility can be evacuated promptly. Analyst: S2A1 Research: //END REPORT//

S2 Underground

15,469 Aufrufe • vor 10 Monaten

Let’s get one thing straight before they gaslight you into swallowing this. This is NOT just about “age verification” so kids can’t scroll TikTok. The under-16s social media ban, and the under-18s VPN ban, is digital verification for everyone; because the only way to enforce it is to make every single person prove their age, prove their identity, and “check in” with the State before accessing the modern internet. And yes… you already know where it leads. OneLogin. A centralised identity system designed to collect your credentials and your biometrics (face, iris, fingerprint) and bind them to a single government account. This ban is not the end goal. It is one verification type. One tiny draconian token. One single piece of the Digital ID puzzle. And the equation remains the same: OneLogin + GOV Wallet = Digital ID. Age verification will become one token on that wallet, but first, before the wallet is fully normalised, before it’s “rolled out” to every citizen through exclusion and coercion, they’ll do what they always do: They’ll introduce the gate first. To access a VPN, a social media site, or even an AI tool, you will be forced to “prove” you are over 16 or 18 — and the proof won’t be a private check, or a local device setting, or a parental control. It will be a government check. A government login. A government permission slip. You will have to “check in” with GOV OneLogin to access the internet like a normal person — and soon enough a token for this will be issued into the GOV Wallet, just like the proposed BritCard token that has now allegedly been “scrapped.” This is the same system, the same architecture, the same rollout pattern... just with a different sticker slapped on the front. And once the token exists, it becomes the default. Once it becomes the default, it becomes the requirement. Once it becomes the requirement, it becomes the leash. Because what they’re building is not an age gate. It’s a permission gate. A surveillance gate. A system where your ability to access platforms, services, information, communication — your ability to exist online — becomes conditional on your compliance with a credential check that is logged, tracked, and centrally controlled. They will see what you do. When you do it. What you search. What you access. What you post. And people will still be saying, with a straight face: “Well, it’s a good thing under-16s are being banned from social media… they’ll be safer.” That’s the bait. Then you hear Starmer say: “How will parents police this alone?” And notice what he’s really saying. He is not empowering parents. He is positioning the government next to parents, granting the State the same “authority” to parent your child, to decide what is healthy, what is harmful, what is permitted, what is “wellbeing,” and what must be restricted. The same government that has lied to you for years about safety. The same government that signs away your rights in the name of protection. The same government that cannot define a woman, cannot secure a border, cannot arrest a p3dophile (rather employs and promotes them), cannot run a hospital — but somehow wants you to believe it can be trusted to police your child’s mind. And if you think this is going through “proper process,” think again. A month ago they announced a consultation on the under-16s ban. That consultation is a red herring. Because Starmer’s little phrase “Fast Track” is just PR language for something much uglier: Henry VIII powers. Powers that allow ministers to change legislation without parliamentary scrutiny, without debate, without any democratic friction. And that means the actual rules — the ones that govern your data, your access, your verification, your wallet, your permissions — will not be written on the floor of the House. They will be written by an unelected civil servant in a closed room, and rubber-stamped by a Secretary of State. The consultation is not democracy. It is the hologram of democracy. Designed to make you feel heard while the law is already coded, the architecture already built, and the enforcement mechanism already chosen. And it gets worse. Because this ban is being routed through the Children’s Wellbeing and Schools Bill; a bill that will receive Royal Assent before the consultation even ends. So what exactly are you “consulting” on? A decision that’s already been made. A system that’s already being implemented. A lock that’s already being installed on your front door while they ask you what colour you’d like the handle to be. Then there’s the Unique Identifier for ALL children. They will sell it as “tracking attendance.” But it isn’t an attendance system. It is a digital tether. A permanent state identifier for your child, designed to follow them across systems, databases, services, education, healthcare, “wellbeing,” behavioural monitoring, and digital permissions. And once you combine a Unique Identifier with digital tokens, with “digital wellbeing” regulation, with AI-driven scoring, you have built something monstrous: A system where a child’s “Wellbeing Score” can drop — determined by government-approved metrics, possibly processed by government AI — and the State can remotely revoke their digital tokens. Effectively deleting their social existence until they comply. No access. No platform. No digital participation. No “privileges.” Just compliance. And here’s the part people are missing: They are granting themselves the power to amend the Children’s Wellbeing and Schools Bill without proper parliamentary scrutiny and without waiting for the consultation to end. They are giving the Secretary of State delegated powers to regulate “digital wellbeing” which is a euphemism so broad you could drive an authoritarian regime through it. They can amend laws at any time. They can expand definitions at any time. They can widen the net at any time. Meaning the Prime Minister and Secretaries of State become the architects and the judges. The lawmakers and the enforcers. And Henry VIII powers are named after a tyrant for a reason. Because they were designed for a monarch who forced Parliament to pass laws and accept personal proclamations. That is the lineage of the power Starmer is dressing up as “Fast Tracking.” This isn’t safeguarding. It’s centralisation. And it doesn’t stop there. The other legislation being pulled into this system is the Crime and Policing Bill which is progressing as we speak and the Online Safety Act 2023 — both of which contain mechanisms to expand and amend enforcement without passing fresh primary legislation. Meaning they can tighten the screws without the public ever noticing. No new “big scary bill.” No headline. No national debate. Just silent regulatory expansion. A little more coercion. A little more surveillance. A little more permissioning. Until one day you wake up and the internet — the place you work, learn, communicate, bank, shop, organise, speak, and live — requires you to present a government token just to enter. And you’ll be told it’s normal. You’ll be told it’s safety. You’ll be told it’s “for the children.” This consultation is a farce. The law is being passed. Age verification for all will be forced upon us unless we act now, and unless people stop staring at the headline and start seeing the architecture. This is not even the start of mission creep. This is another step. Another spoke. Another token. Another gate. And yes, there are other ways to improve online safety. Every person over 16 is issued with a National Insurance number. There are privacy-preserving options. There are local-device checks. There are non-centralised approaches. But that is not the point. Because the point is not safety. The point is control. This is part of the digital gulag. The panopticon. A credentialed society where your ability to participate is conditional, permissioned, and revocable... and where the State holds the master key. Linked below is another important post about the Digital ID stack that everyone needs to understand...

Fiona Rose Diamond

401,134 Aufrufe • vor 5 Monaten

GPS—Minneapolis, Minnesota, protests today, Friday, January 30, 2026. Without revealing proprietary technology, tactics, and methods, understand that if someone uses a Faraday bag or even leaves their device at home, we can still reconcile their likely movements and location. In fact, it's after dispersal that the real data exploitation begins. When a large protest happens—especially one that isn’t institutionally approved—you can always assume it’s being mapped in real time by every intelligence and policing network with overlap to that jurisdiction. They don’t “watch” in the traditional sense; they analyze systems. The modern apparatus doesn’t care about shouting crowds; it cares about data signatures. Every phone becomes a tracker beacon. Even if “location off” is toggled, the phone still emits continuous metadata: Cell-tower handoffs (triangulation gives position within meters) Wi‑Fi pings (routers log MAC addresses) Bluetooth scans and proximity signals IMSI catchers (“Stingrays”) mimic cell towers, forcing all nearby phones to connect. That gives agencies mass identifier lists and movement paths. Device fingerprinting: once a phone’s radio signature is logged, it can be matched later even with a new SIM. License‑plate readers (ALPRs) tie individuals’ physical locations to digital ones. All of this gets piped into fusion centers, where predictive models weigh “social stability indexes” and generate risk ratings on protesters. Before, during, and after demonstrations, my team and I rely on automated social-media ingestion. Pattern mapping: bots scan hashtags, Telegram channels, Discord groups, Signal, and even “private” messaging servers that leak metadata. Sentiment clustering: AI classifies users as organizers, participants, sympathizers, or hostile observers. Social‑graph scoring: once a few key IDs are confirmed, algorithms find second‑ and third‑degree ties—family, employer, affiliations. That’s how protests get “pre‑neutralized.” Not by arrests, but by psychological operations: deplatforming, malware, intimidation messages, or pressure on employers to deter attendance. Even if data is encrypted end‑to‑end, traffic analysis (who talks to whom, when) exposes networks and leads to the identification of each user. The crowds marching through downtown Minneapolis on January 30, 2026, against ICE deportations and enforcement actions (as part of the nationwide "economic blackout" or National Shutdown) are primarily local residents from the Twin Cities metropolitan area, including Minneapolis and St. Paul, with strong participation from Minnesota-based community members. Key groups and demographics in the crowd include: Labor unions and workers — Significant involvement from unions like the Minneapolis Regional Labor Federation (AFL-CIO), Service Employees International Union (SEIU), American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees (AFSCME), Communications Workers of America, and others. University of Minnesota student groups (including Black- and Somali-led organizations), along with students from walkouts at local schools and campuses. Groups such as COPAL (Comunidades Organizando el Poder y la Acción Latina), TakeAction Minnesota, Minnesota Immigrant Rights Action Committee (MIRAC), Immigrant Law Center of Minnesota, and faith-based coalitions like the Minnesota Interfaith Coalition on Immigration (ICOM) and ISAIAH MN were present. Participation from national and local entities included 50501, CodePink, Defend Immigrant Families Campaign, Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR), Palestinian Youth Movement, and socialist-leaning groups (e.g., Twin Cities DSA, Party for Socialism and Liberation). Clergy, faith leaders, and neighborhood rapid response networks were also present. Data analysis combined with CCTV feeds shows a mix of families (including parents with kids), teachers, nurses, social workers, clergy, activists, and residents from various backgrounds. Interesting, there were at least 100 of these little beauties in the crowd. "Flipper Zero" is still the most iconic "pocket multi-tool" in 2026. Sub-GHz, RFID/NFC, IR, iButton, GPIO, BadUSB emulation. Huge community, custom firmwares (Unleashed, RogueMaster, Xtreme). It's the gadget that non-hackers recognize as "hacker stuff" and many actual pentesters carry one. 😎

Tony Seruga

633,771 Aufrufe • vor 6 Monaten

Introducing Offline Protocol 2.0. Today, 4.6 billion people are affected by connectivity shutdowns: from state-sponsored internet blackouts across 54 countries to natural disasters that wipe out infrastructure overnight. When the network goes down, so does everything built on top of it: your identity, your money, your ability to communicate. We started Offline Protocol to fix that. Offline Protocol is a privacy-first mesh networking ecosystem that enables communication, identity verification, and payments without centralized infrastructure. No cell towers. No ISPs. No single point of failure. Our stack is built on one principle: the most critical digital infrastructure should always function. What we solve: We've built our entire digital lives on the assumption of persistent connectivity. But that assumption fails constantly: during hurricanes and earthquakes, in conflict zones and refugee camps, at overcrowded festivals and stadiums, in remote villages and maritime routes, and in countries where governments deliberately shut down the internet to silence their citizens. When connectivity fails, people lose access to their identity documents, their financial systems, and their ability to coordinate and communicate. How we solve it: After a year of concentrated efforts, our ecosystem spans seven core products, each designed to function independently or together as a complete offline-capable stack: 1. DORS (Dynamic Offline Relay Switch): The foundation. DORS is our mesh networking protocol that enables device-to-device communication without any centralized infrastructure. It dynamically routes data across ad-hoc networks formed by nearby devices, creating resilient communication channels that work in any environment. DORS has been downloaded and used hundreds of times by developers globally in just 2 months! 2. OfflineID: Decentralized identity that lives on your device, not on someone else's server. OfflineID enables cryptographic identity verification without an internet connection, meaning you can prove who you are even when the systems that issued your credentials are unreachable. Already held by over 300,000 users across 80+ countries. 3. Proof of Location: A novel verification mechanism that confirms a person's real-time presence and authenticity without biometric surveillance. PoL enables trust in offline environments without compromising privacy, no face scans, no fingerprint databases, no centralized biometric stores. 4. Fernweh V2: Our mesh-only messaging application is receiving a major upgrade, hybrid connectivity! Fernweh lets you send encrypted messages, share files, and coordinate with others through device-to-device mesh networks or internet. With over 35,000 downloads already, Fernweh is proving that private communication doesn't require infrastructure permission. V2 launches soon. 5. OfflinePay: The first offline stablecoin settlement network. OfflinePay enables cryptographically secured transactions between devices, and ensure that commerce doesn't stop when the internet does. 6. MINE: Offline-capable incentivized mining that allows participation in network validation and consensus without persistent connectivity. Mine extends the reach of decentralized networks into environments that traditional blockchain infrastructure can't touch. Launching soon. 7. Diffuse: Hyperlocal journalism combines with verifiable source aggregation to give you content you can trust. What we've achieved: 10,000+ mesh clusters operating across 80+ countries, 300,000+ OfflineID holders, and 35,000+ Fernweh downloads. From disaster response teams coordinating after infrastructure collapse to communities maintaining communication during government-imposed blackouts, Offline Protocol is already being used where it matters most. For developers: We've built Offline Protocol to be an open ecosystem. Our developer tools include SDKs for iOS, Android, and Web, comprehensive documentation, and full API references. We're building the infrastructure layer and we want developers everywhere to build on top of it. Our mesh networking specifications are on the path to being fully open-sourced, because we believe the technology that protects fundamental freedoms should belong to everyone. If you're interested in building with us, get in touch! Looking ahead: The world is becoming more connected and more fragile simultaneously. Climate disasters are increasing in frequency. Political instability is spreading. The demand for communication infrastructure that cannot be censored, cannot be surveilled, and cannot be revoked is not a niche but rather a fundamental need for billions of people. Offline Protocol is positioned at the intersection of privacy technology, mesh networking, and decentralized identity at a moment when all three are becoming essential rather than optional. We're not building for a hypothetical future. We're building for the 4.6 billion people who already know what it means to lose connectivity, and for everyone else who might need us one day. Thank you to all our investors for their strong belief in our mission Alliance, Portal Ventures, scv, Galaxy, TJ, Glenn | Rumble 🏴‍☠️, Paul Taylor, and to all our users, followers, and friends who've been rooting for us this whole time. Check out our brand new website at to learn more.

Offline Protocol

46,855 Aufrufe • vor 5 Monaten

Hyperspace: The Agentic OS Apple Should Have Built On December 19th, 2024, we announced the world’s first Agentic Browser. What followed was a movement — a new category was born which led to many early products in this space and recently the hundreds of people lining up outside the The Agentic Browser Summit in San Francisco underscored that. Silicon Valley instinctively gets it, from students to tech executives, people can feel a revolutionary new change in computing is in the air. Past year taught us why such a product was inevitable, a hard engineering effort, and also the last mover in the entire software world this decade if and when done right. All paths are headed in the same direction: one tool which orchestrates them all. At Hyperspace we showed that path with essays and products we launched in earlier months: from a spatial UI of orchestrating agents, to showcasing transparent activity in how the AI system operates which leads to user trust, to presenting the software end-game, which massively improves human productivity. We also built the world’s largest AI network, drawing participation from people in almost 6000 cities around the world contributing their machines as nodes in the network. Think Uber, but for AI. That is, planetary-scale. And now we are stretching this industry ambition further with our end-to-end vision of the Agentic Supercomputer, the first breakthrough new AI OS, and an effort which spans from AI research to distributed systems to inventing a new UI to inventing a new business model to complement it. All of this together helps us in serving our mission, of delivering “Everyone’s Personal Supercomputer”. While others have built AI-native browsers, no one though has built something agentic from the ground up — with AI as the foundation, not a feature. How do you fundamentally improve the lives’ of billions around the world ? We believe that requires building a native environment for agents to be viewed, created, deployed, executed, discovered and priced in. That is a world where we move on from static apps, to dynamic agents. But, as my 2 year old niece likes to ask: “but why ?” The issue is that the world of software today is fragmented, and everyone is sprinkling on AI as a feature and charging a subscription fees for it. From browser makers, to IDEs, to design and other productivity tools. This leads to a fragmented UX, where people have to learn to use AI in each app, their memory and other context is not shared between all these apps, and they also have to pay separately for compute for each such AI-enhanced app. Each app maker has to figure out basics such as compute, and leads to the issues we saw with Cursor pricing recently. This is not the future. What if AI was the foundation instead of a feature ? What if Apple had built a fundamentally new AI OS from the ground up and what would it have looked like ? At Hyperspace, that is what we did. On July 15th we introduced three breakthrough key pillars of our AI OS: 1. Agentic Browser 2. Agentic Memory 3. Agentic Payments And we didn’t stop there. We also introduced a breakthrough new user interface called the Spatial AI which is inspired both from the spreadsheet and the HyperCard - each card is an agent, with it’s own inputs and outputs, endlessly extensible and pluggable with others, just like cells of a spreadsheet. Update one cell and all the dependents update, like a spreadsheet formula. It goes beyond a static linear workflow to being able to operate in all directions. This revolutionary new interface helps manage all of the below: 1. Multiple websites being browsed in parallel 2. Multiple desktop apps being browsed in parallel 3. Multiple server tools being used in parallel 4. Multiple smartphone apps streamed to your device or opened via an emulator All the software which you need comes together in this one seamless, agent-native interface. This interface provides you access to the largest network of models, vectors, agents and compute on the planet. The Browser. The IDE. The Notepad… they are not separate products: they are all in one, the Agentic Browser. As Steve Jobs famously said at the iPhone announcement, “are you getting it ?” And beneath this UI lies a new intelligence routing layer — leveraging both swarms of specialized models to the Hyperspace Matrix model that recalls thousands of tools in real-time, not by context window hacks, but through retrieval, ranking, and reuse. To many, this will feel like AGI. Not one big system by one big company, but an intelligent network. Now lets talk about privacy… Are you comfortable with one company owning all your memory forever ? I am not. So we have invented Agentic Memory as a new open protocol which provides full power over memory to you, the user. Your memory is yours, encrypted, on your device, and portable if and how you want. Anyone can build on it without our permission, but not without your permission. This protocol, and the decentralized vector database spread out across the world, would enable apps and agents to share context and memory. Think copy-paste, but for the AI world. It doesn’t just remember — it knows what matters. VectorRank helps your AI weigh your life’s most relevant moments over time, just like the way our minds elevate memories. Now each time you use an agent, your experience with other agents will also continuously improve: you don’t have to keep repeating the same things about yourself, while fully preserving your privacy. Agentic Memory is accessible within the Agentic Browser to manage. And there is one more thing… AI as the foundation requires compute to be available at the base layer, but this base layer spans models running on your own device, to cloud APIs, to also running across the peer-to-peer distributed network. Agentic Payments provides a singular interface to all of that compute, running a spot auction clearing marketplace every second to determine the fair price of compute. This results in price transparency, and you as the user paying the lowest possible cost. If you want predictability, you can reserve compute in advance. This end-to-end system provides the most streamlined world for agents to operate in. In order to enable this world and the world of agents being able to pay each other in sub-cent increments millions of times a second, we had to also invent a fundamentally new agentic micropayments blockchain. All of this together would enable a world where you as a user, or the agent itself, can efficiently call and utilize other agents built by others and also pay for content which is unique and useful. This enables a move away from the current AI exploitative economy for bloggers and other content creators, to a web with a fundamental new business model. Earlier we didn’t have the right infrastructure to enable such a world. Now, all the dots connect. The Hyperspace AI OS would give the power of a supercomputer in everyone’s hands. This isn’t a browser, or an IDE or limited to any device or cloud. It’s an entire AI operating system — with a breakthrough new spatial UI, local and distributed compute, agentic memory, agentic payments, and orchestration built into the foundation. As a user, we move the choice back in your hands with an experience you will love and find delightful. You get to choose the level of privacy, cost, and utility you want. And while Apple should have done it, we could not wait, and we feel this just required a new level of passion and DNA which we bring here. We are just getting started. Thank you, Varun Mathur Cofounder and CEO, Hyperspace cc Naval Marc Andreessen 🇺🇸 Vinod Khosla Andrej Karpathy Sam Altman

Varun

169,177 Aufrufe • vor 1 Jahr

The multi-leader blockchain endgame: competitive information inclusion as a self-reinforcing mechanism for global price discovery - how we got here, and why Aptos is leading the charge Onchain trading is the killer app In the nine years since the launch of programmable transactions on the Ethereum blockchain, onchain trading has revealed itself as the killer use case for blockchains: onchain listings, volume, and total value locked are all growing with no signs of slowing down, due to the censorship-resistant, permissionless, 24/7/365 qualities afforded by decentralized (DeFi) systems. Monolithic parallelism is key In 2020 Solana was first to market with monolithic, parallel execution (as opposed sharded execution which offers parallelism by partitioning global state into separate information silos), establishing a new design paradigm that raised the bar for throughput and latency: put all of the information in one replicated state machine and make it run as fast as possible. This design produces a single, global hub for activity, liquidity, and token launches, a kind of financial data whiteboard in the sky, where anyone can come and trade at any time with everybody else who has plugged into the system. DEXes are becoming more competitive Historically decentralized systems have been juxtaposed with centralized ones since the latter eliminates the overhead associated with distributed systems coordination. And yet despite this overhead, Solana as a decentralized exchange (DEX) is still pulling in billions of trading volume per day, exceeding that of all but the largest centralized crypto exchanges (CEXs), that simply can't compete with the giant DEX in the sky on token listings or fees. After all, CEXs have to pay for server space, salaries, and lawyers, while a DEX outsources everything. The colocation arms race The one place where CEXs have an advantage over DEXs is on end-to-end latency for colocation applications, or in other words: someone sets up a trading bot in the same data center as the exchange, and their trades get to the exchange faster than everyone else's. When there is only one data ingestion point the fastest trader wins, and after the arms race has played out everyone ends up huddling around the trading hub, effectively cutting off the rest of the world from playing the latency trading game. This is the model that traditional securities exchanges like the Nasdaq or the NYSE 🏛 employ, and because they own the server they can effectively charge whatever they want for access to it. The colocation arms race is also why L2s will probably never decentralize: running the sequencer is practically the same as running the NASDAQ, with the same monopoly on transaction fees collected from a nearby cluster of trading bots (I understand from conversations with Logan Jastremski that the Arbitrum arms race has already hit a Nash Equilibrium in Portland, Oregon). Colocation is a trap But once the colocation arms race has played out, trades become less about incorporating new information in the market and more about skimming off the top by spoofing all of the trades coming in from the other bots. High-frequency trading (HFT) bots located in the NYSE New Jersey data center, for example, are constantly placing buys and sell orders that they have no intention of executing, just to spoof the other colocated bots who are playing the same adversarial game. Information inclusion, on the other hand, the synthesis of real-time world events into prices, takes a back seat because anyone who tries to include new information first needs to batch up their order and send it through a series of middlemen before it ultimately ends up on the exchange: you, I, or practically any other individual can not actually "trade on the NASDAQ", no, we have to express our intent to someone like Robinhood, who then sells our order flow to @CitadelSecurities, who then sends it to the exchange, oh and by the way it doesn't actually even "clear" or "settle" once it "executes" because for whatever reason the whole systems splits these things up and prevents them from happening instantaneously even though it's 2024 and we have computers. Onchain trading cuts out middlemen This whole mess is why we have onchain trading, and why it's starting to win: if you want a mainline to the exchange, without setting up a server, and you want to trade on a news event without getting immediately frontrun by an HFT bot that is sniffing out the trades of every other HFT bot who is easing in batched up order flow on their own terms, then you submit your order to a node in the blockchain and the information gets included in the price upon ingestion. Oh, and by the way the trade is actually fully complete: settled, cleared, reconciled, done, whatever you want to call it, because the people who build decentralized finance (DeFi) build it how it should actually work, not in a way that creates a million incumbents and charges exorbitant rents for access to the system. Onchain trading better for price discovery And the beautiful part about this is that even if a distributed system has more latency than a centralized system, DeFi still ends up incorporating more information into the price faster than centralized finance, because with DeFi the information gets included in the system as soon as it is submitted, not after it has been batched up and sent through a series of middlemen. The consensus mechanism of the blockchain disseminates the information around the world in the form of a price update, while the centralized exchange model requires information about the event to first get propagate to the region of the trading hub, then to get submitted to the colocation server. This means that in terms of global price discovery, onchain trading is strictly a better system because the entire consensus model is based around accelerated information propagation. Because price discovery is a global phenomenon, blockchains, which are global, are actually better than the centralized status quo, on a performance basis, not just from an ideological or convenience-based view. And it has to be multi-leader In practice, effective global information synthesis of information has an additional key requirement: multi-leader architecture. That is, in a single-leader blockchain like Solana, where one validator at a time has a monopoly on ordering transactions into blocks, for their duration as a leader they effectively function as a colocation server. This means that if the current leader is in New York, someone in Singapore who wants to trade on local news as soon as it breaks will still need to get their order all the way around the world to the leader, who is effectively serving as the chain's data ingestion point, before the order can start propagating through the network. But this is issue solved by the introduction of multiple distributed leaders, because then anyone with access to new information can submit their order to the leader closest to them, yielding faster information inclusion in the form of price updates. Multi-leader is also required for fair markets A multi-leader architecture is also required for fair markets, because in a single-leader system the leader has the power to censor transactions, reorder them to their advantage, or even replace transactions with copycats that extract maximum value by replacing the sender's address with their own. For example if someone wants to capture an arbitrage opportunity between two onchain DEXes, they'll need to submit a transaction to the leader and trust that the leader won't simply copy the transaction and submit it themselves. But when there are two or more leaders, users whose transactions are censored by one leader will simply work with a different leader the next time around, eventually cutting off transaction fee flow to the extractive leader. Beyond just strict inclusion, in a multi-leader architecture validators are also forced to compete with each other on latency, because the leader who is fastest at disseminating users' transactions across the network will over time gobble up the largest share of the order flow. Transparent priority fees are a must, or a private mempool will emerge But in order to make this work, a multi-leader architecture must also offer users the ability to pay priority fees AKA "tips" or "bribes" to move their transaction to the front of the line: if there is a $5 arbitrage opportunity onchain, users need to have assurance that they if they pay a 4.99 priority fee to take that arb, they will get priority over a different user who is only willing to tip 4.98. If the native blockchain system does not offer this fair market priority fee mechanism, then it is only a matter of time before one spontaneously emerges in the form of a private mempool like Jito, which can create centralization pressures and undermine the integrity of the system as a whole. Competitive payment for order flow is the stable solution With the right architecture in place, the end result is a competitive environment where endpoints running maximum extractable value (MEV) bots compete with one to offer users the best price for their order flow. In other words, if a user wants to submit an order that can get sandwich attacked for as much as $2 of MEV, then the order should ultimately go to the endpoint bot that is willing to pay the user as much as $1.99 for the right to process their transaction. The price that the provider is willing to pay is ultimately a function of how much in priority fees they might need to pay to the current leader (0 they are the current one), but notably at each stage there is a competitive market for order flow, whether in the form of retail trader's orders, or priority fees among bots that might be forwarding orders to one of the leaders. AptosLabs is already building all this With a public mempool and transaction priority fees, Aptos additionally includes a pipelined architecture that already includes concurrent batching of transactions into blocks, with a single consensus leader who propagates the batched blocks out to the network. And the team is already researching running multiple instances of the consensus algorithm in parallel, yielding multiple consensus leaders who can compete with each other on latency and inclusion - just ask pranav | Shelby, Alexander Spiegelman, and Zekun Li. This means that block times can shrink as the number of consensus leaders grows, with each leader having its own geographical radius of inclusion beyond which it makes more sense to submit to a different leader. The starting point? Something like 60 ms blocks and 3 consensus leaders, partitioning the global information space into competitive and constantly-rotating regions of information inclusion. Messaging is important With concurrent pipelined transaction batching, a public mempool, priority fees, and a clear path to a multi-leader architecture, Aptos leads the industry in onchain trading infrastructure that can truly supplant the centralized colocation paradigm that has heretofore dominated global finance - by offering a truly superior product. And I am hopeful that this deep dive is the first step in communicating not how or that superior product is getting built, but what it means from a bigger picture perspective. If blockchains have found product market fit in anything, it is in trading, and the trading game can only be won by building the biggest, baddest, most high performance system that has as its north star a single, concrete goal: constantly reducing, ever lower toward zero, time time it takes to incorporate information from anywhere in the world into the global price discovery computer. Whoever does this, even 1 ms faster than the competitor, wins the price discovery game, as other blockchains are left in the dust, their DEXes arbed away to zero against the fastest chain on the block. And sure, the blockchain that can rise to this challenge can also handle useful things like payments, NFTs, or other solutions that benefit from permissionlessness and low gas costs, but I want to impress that at the core of this pursuit must be the urge to drive down information inclusion latency to the absolute minimum afforded by the laws of physics through a competitive, market-driven environment. I call on avery.apt 🇺🇸 , CTO of Aptos Labs, to lean in on this messaging, to make it clear that Aptos is here for this singular mission, to build the most performant price discovery engine in history, as a rallying call for alignment in development efforts across the ecosystem and broader industry. Where does this go? As the latencies drop, the spreads tighten, and the information inclusion increases with every incremental increase in network bandwidth, we can expect a new class of competing techno-financial hubs that aggregate around the world's largest information sources: New York, Washington DC, London, Tokyo, etc., commanding stake distribution commensurate with the density of information flow in these respective locales. With the right incentives in place, competing concurrent leaders will invest ever more in infrastructure to get their packets out to the network faster than the rest, yielding clusters of fiber optic cable around the world's financial hubs, neurons in the global financial brain connecting not just HFT firms to servers in their city, but connecting every city with every other city, to move pricing information across oceans and continents. And retail traders, who have been left out of the colocation game, will only benefit: this entire system gets faster, more inclusive, with tighter spreads and lower fees, and it is such an amazing opportunity to watch all of this unfold in real time. The future of blockchains is the future of trading, is the future of competitive information inclusion in real-time, is the future of truly unified global markets, because at the the core of this industry is a simple idea: connect the computers, and see where the incentives lead. They lead to this, and Aptos is leading the charge, because its tech is purpose-built for this exact purpose. So tell the world about it.

Alex Kahn

24,432 Aufrufe • vor 1 Jahr