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Everyone in Embodied AI is talking about Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models. Almost no one is talking about the physical nightmare of collecting the data to train them. You can't scrape a kitchen table or a warehouse shelf from a web browser. To get to millions of hours of diverse, real-world...

26,910 次观看 • 3 个月前 •via X (Twitter)

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Exciting updates on Project GR00T! We discover a systematic way to scale up robot data, tackling the most painful pain point in robotics. The idea is simple: human collects demonstration on a real robot, and we multiply that data 1000x or more in simulation. Let’s break it down: 1. We use Apple Vision Pro (yes!!) to give the human operator first person control of the humanoid. Vision Pro parses human hand pose and retargets the motion to the robot hand, all in real time. From the human’s point of view, they are immersed in another body like the Avatar. Teleoperation is slow and time-consuming, but we can afford to collect a small amount of data. 2. We use RoboCasa, a generative simulation framework, to multiply the demonstration data by varying the visual appearance and layout of the environment. In Jensen’s keynote video below, the humanoid is now placing the cup in hundreds of kitchens with a huge diversity of textures, furniture, and object placement. We only have 1 physical kitchen at the GEAR Lab in NVIDIA HQ, but we can conjure up infinite ones in simulation. 3. Finally, we apply MimicGen, a technique to multiply the above data even more by varying the *motion* of the robot. MimicGen generates vast number of new action trajectories based on the original human data, and filters out failed ones (e.g. those that drop the cup) to form a much larger dataset. To sum up, given 1 human trajectory with Vision Pro -> RoboCasa produces N (varying visuals) -> MimicGen further augments to NxM (varying motions). This is the way to trade compute for expensive human data by GPU-accelerated simulation. A while ago, I mentioned that teleoperation is fundamentally not scalable, because we are always limited by 24 hrs/robot/day in the world of atoms. Our new GR00T synthetic data pipeline breaks this barrier in the world of bits. Scaling has been so much fun for LLMs, and it's finally our turn to have fun in robotics! We are building tools to enable everyone in the ecosystem to scale up with us. Links in thread:

Jim Fan

364,670 次观看 • 2 年前

Physics-based Motion Retargeting from Sparse Inputs paper page: Avatars are important to create interactive and immersive experiences in virtual worlds. One challenge in animating these characters to mimic a user's motion is that commercial AR/VR products consist only of a headset and controllers, providing very limited sensor data of the user's pose. Another challenge is that an avatar might have a different skeleton structure than a human and the mapping between them is unclear. In this work we address both of these challenges. We introduce a method to retarget motions in real-time from sparse human sensor data to characters of various morphologies. Our method uses reinforcement learning to train a policy to control characters in a physics simulator. We only require human motion capture data for training, without relying on artist-generated animations for each avatar. This allows us to use large motion capture datasets to train general policies that can track unseen users from real and sparse data in real-time. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach on three characters with different skeleton structure: a dinosaur, a mouse-like creature and a human. We show that the avatar poses often match the user surprisingly well, despite having no sensor information of the lower body available. We discuss and ablate the important components in our framework, specifically the kinematic retargeting step, the imitation, contact and action reward as well as our asymmetric actor-critic observations. We further explore the robustness of our method in a variety of settings including unbalancing, dancing and sports motions.

AK

106,527 次观看 • 3 年前

Gabe on why he doesn't think Anthropic or OpenAI will own finance: "The reason people get confused when they look at app layer businesses like mine or Harvey or Legora or Sierra is because there's a spectrum of perpendicularity to what the labs are building. There's a whole bunch of stuff underneath the surface that the labs are never going to build, that we need to build for finance. All of finance is a collection of different niches with different data sets, different regulatory requirements. And we can get to $5 billion in revenue by going deep across those things and creating the systems of record that help manage them. That for Anthropic would be like stopping on the side of the road to pick up a penny, because they're on the pathway of trying to go from $100 billion in revenue to a trillion in revenue. Say you are a big public company buying another big public company and you need to send data back and forth. You actually need some sort of data room, something that is compliant, safe and secure. And I don't think OpenAI or Anthropic will ever want to build a data room business. If you actually want to be the exchange for all of high finance, you don't just need to own the intelligence, you need to own the transaction venue, the communication venue, the workflows, and all the data inputs that go into it. Think about the fundamental difference between Claude Code when it came out versus ChatGPT. The models were actually fairly similar, but the harness and the way that it was presented from Claude was far better. The way that you harness these models is so, so important."

Patrick OShaughnessy

85,246 次观看 • 10 天前

New PNAS paper. Historical GDP per capita data is scarce, but data on the places of birth, death, and occupations of famous individuals is abundant. In this paper we estimate the historical GDP per capita of hundreds of regions in Europe and North America using a machine learning model that leveraged data on about 500k famous biographies. Our estimates more-or-less quadruple the availability of historical GDP per capita estimates for the last 700 years. So why use biographies to augment historical GDP per capita data? Biographical data contains information about people who might have contributed directly to economic growth, like James Watt, or that were attracted to wealthy places looking for patrons, like Michelangelo. So we--mainly Philipp (Philipp Koch)--used this data to construct hundreds of features describing each European region. Then, we trained a machine learning model to find the features that explained most of the variance in a cross-validation test, where we split regions multiple times into a training set and a test set. On average, the model explained about 90% of the variance in GDP per capita of the regions it had not seen during training. But we wanted to go further, and Philipp really went to town by looking at different ways to validate our estimates. We found our estimates correlate positively with historical measures of wellbeing, church building activity, urbanization, and body height. We also used these measures to reproduce the basic Atlantic trade result of Acemoglu, Johnson, and Robison and to explore the economic consequences of the famous Lisbon earthquake of 1755. But what I personally loved most about this project, other than working with Philipp Koch and V, is that it shows that we can use machine learning methods not only to explore the future, but the past. There is a bright and growing future in the use of machine learning for economic history. Hope you enjoy the paper and the data. You can find links to the paper and a data exploration tool in the first comment.

César A. Hidalgo

54,358 次观看 • 2 年前

Georgia Power is trying to push a family off their farm via eminent domain for a data center: “I'm fighting for the survival of my cattle farm. I'm here because a massive data center was approved just a couple of miles from my land — and I'm being hounded by Georgia Power for an easement to build transmission lines through my property for the data center.” “I'm a local farmer, not an industrial developer. These 500-kV lines aren't for me. They are for the data centers that the boards and surrounding counties continue to approve. I have mail from lawyers stacking up on my kitchen table, wanting to take my case because they know my land is being targeted for eminent domain — These easements are permanent. They affect my ability to graze my cattle, they lower my property value, and they destroy the rural character of this county forever. This board makes decisions to approve these massive, massive projects, but it's residents like me, young people trying to build a life here, who pay the price. You're voting to turn our farms into a network of high-voltage wires and noisy industrial buildings. I'm asking you to realize the real-world impacts of your votes. Every time you say yes to a data center, you're saying no to a local farmer. We aren't just numbers on a map. We are the future of the county, and right now you're making that future impossible.“ This project impacts more than 330 private properties. Georgia Power says it will negotiate purchases and easements and, if needed, use eminent domain. They claim it's to strengthen the grid for Georgia's rising energy demand from new data centers. The lines are widely linked to Project Sail — a $17 billion hyperscale campus by Prologis, Atlas with 9 massive buildings totaling up to 4.34 million sq ft on 829 acres, demanding hundreds of megawatts, roughly a small city's power. We cannot allow data centers to be prioritized over farmers.

redpillbot

60,418 次观看 • 4 个月前