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The so called "Tomb of Hector", reputed to belong to Hector, a Trojan hero from the Iliad; located in Cadianda, Üzümlü, Türkiye. It is beginning to slide down hillside due to earthquakes... Ophryneion or Ophrynium was an ancient Greek city in northern Troad region of Anatolia, Türkiye. The city was situated on the steep brow of a hill overlooking the Dardanelles, hence the origin of its Ancient Greek name ὀφρῦς (ophrus), meaning 'brow of a hill', 'crag'. Ophryneion was supposedly one of a series of cities founded by Akamas, son of Theseus which he subsequently passed off as being founded by Ascanius and Skamandrios, sons of Aeneas and of Hector respectively. This story was taken from 2nd Century BC, scholar Lysimachus of Alexandria, who related it in Book 2 of his Nostoi, who in turn derived it from a late 4th Century BC, historian known as Dionysios of Chalkis. It has been argued that this tradition reflects a pro-Athenian bias, as it makes the founder of many places in Troad the son of Athens' most important hero, Theseus, while at the same time explaining away the fact that contemporary traditions made no mention of such a connection. By contrast with story of Ophryneion being founded by Akamas, which puts the city's origins in the period immediately following destruction of Troy, surface surveys conducted on the site suggest that it was occupied no earlier than 6th Century BC. In antiquity, Ophryneion was considered to be site of tomb of Hector, famous Trojan hero killed by Achilles in Homer's Iliad. It is possible that a lost play of 5th Century BC tragedian Sophocles referred to this tradition, and it likewise appears to be referred to on a vase from 500–490 BC depicting sack of Troy. However, first secure reference to this tradition appears on the coinage of Ophryneion, 350–300 BC, which depicted Hector. After city of Thebes was rebuilt in 316 BC (it had been destroyed by Alexander the Great in 335 BC), bones of Hector were moved from Ophryneion to Thebes in accordance with an oracle which promised Thebes prosperity should this happen. In early 1st Century AD, geographer Strabo described there being a sacred precinct of Hector near Oryphneion in a conspicuous spot, but scholars have been unable to identify it. Ophryneion is rarely mentioned in extant sources from Antiquity. Herodotus mentions that in 480 BC, Xerxes passed by his way up coast before crossing to Europe at nearby Abydos. Later that century, it was one of Actaean cities which Mytilene lost control of following the end of the Mytilenean revolt in 427 BC. An inscription from Athens dating to 414/413 BC which records property confiscated from Athenian nobleman implicated in mutilation of Herms, indicates that a relative of Alcibiades, Axiochus, earned revenues from land in the territory of Ophryneion. In summer of 399 BC, Xenophon stopped here to offer sacrifice while marching home with 10,000. Later in 4th Century BC, a speech of orator Demosthenes relates how a man who had been exiled from Byzantium, Parmeno, had decided to settle at Ophryneion, but was forced to move when an earthquake struck Chersonese and brought down his house, presumably causing similar damage in rest of town. Some time shortly after 316 BC, bones of Hector were moved from Ophryneion to Thebes, although Strabo's description of Hector's precinct at Ophryneion in 1st Century AD suggests that he was still worshipped there after his bones had moved. Strabo indicates that before Treaty of Apamea in 188 BC, Ophryneion had been under sway of Dardanus to north-east, whereas after this point it instead belonged to Ilium. Pot sherds and coins found at Ophryneion indicate that the site was continuously occupied until at least Byzantine period, but with exception of its fame as one-time location of the bones of Hector, we hear no more about it. 🎥© adabkodlari (IG) #archaeohistories

Archaeo - Histories

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