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Fourier wrapped a signal around a circle in 1822. Every Spotify equalizer, every noise filter in your AirPods, and every frequency layer inside ChatGPT runs on what he found. The trick is simple. Spin the signal at different speeds. When the spin matches a hidden frequency, the center of...

57,645 Aufrufe • vor 1 Monat •via X (Twitter)

7 Kommentare

Profilbild von LarryRuane
LarryRuanevor 1 Monat

Seems like you should be crediting 3blue1brown here and in many of your other videos

Profilbild von Eyal Ofer אייל עופר
Eyal Ofer אייל עופרvor 1 Monat

@3blue1brown

Profilbild von Jeromie Beasley
Jeromie Beasleyvor 1 Monat

In another hundred years we will know how to use this. NOT, But, it really shouldn't take forever for tech to come on out now 🙄

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Andy Bakervor 1 Monat

Credit your sources. "content creator" my arse...

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Ouroborosvor 1 Monat

Great explanation of Fourier. Our ICU model does exactly this with no gradient descent and no transformers. The carrier is the phase system: every tick, measures the shift. Separation isn't bolted on — alignment by phase is the whole machine. Fourier as substrate, not layer.

Profilbild von 🚲 frei - jottes 
🚲 frei - jottes vor 1 Monat

Furier also discovered the Greenhouse effect, in 1824. Netwon-Foote discovered, that CO2 is causing it and is responsible for climate change, in 1856. Arrhenius discovered that we need to stop burning fuels to avoid catastrophic climate change, in 1896.

Profilbild von ʇɹɥɐW uıɯƎ ⚡Nuri.com
ʇɹɥɐW uıɯƎ ⚡Nuri.comvor 1 Monat

crazy

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The Fourier transform runs inside every MRI machine, every audio compressor, every signal processor on earth. JPMorgan pays $350K to engineers who can derive it from scratch. There is one professor alive who explains it the way nobody else can. His name is Gilbert Strang. MIT. The most brilliant mathematical mind of his generation. His textbook sits in over 10 million homes. No other person on earth holds this combination of depth and clarity in one head. He opens with one confession. The Fourier transform is unreasonably effective. It solves problems it was never designed for. The goal is not to compute it. The goal is to understand why it works at all. Then the core idea. A periodic signal breaks into pure sine waves. Each with a frequency, amplitude, and phase. The transform finds all three simultaneously. A complicated signal in time becomes a simple picture in frequency. Then 1807. Fourier invented the transform not for sound but for heat. How does warmth spread through a metal rod? In time the equation is a partial differential equation - hard. In frequency space it becomes ordinary - easy. Transform in, solve it, transform back. Then convolution. Convolution in time equals multiplication in frequency. Filtering a signal, removing noise, compressing audio - all multiplication in frequency space. Without the transform: thousands of computations. With it: a few multiplications. Then the delta function. Zero everywhere except one point where it is infinite. Integral equals one. Every mathematician in 1900 said it was not a function. Dirac used it anyway. It took 40 years to justify what engineers had been doing the whole time. Watch the moment Strang shows that the Fourier transform of a delta function is a constant - every frequency in equal measure. The more concentrated in time, the more spread in frequency. This is the uncertainty principle. Not quantum physics. A theorem about any signal at all. A signal processing engineer I know rewatched this before their first project at Apple. Said it was the first time the Fourier transform felt like a change of coordinates rather than a formula to memorize. Free on YouTube, MIT OpenCourseWare. bookmark this and watch later - after this lecture every sound, every image, and every signal will feel like a sum of sine waves waiting to be separated

Zyphor

123,452 Aufrufe • vor 1 Monat

Kevin O'Leary: The 80/20 signal-to-noise rule Steve Jobs & Elon Musk used to outperform everyone "I used to work for Steve Jobs in the early 90s making all of his educational software. I would say, 'Steve, we've got to do some market research on Oregon Trail. It's in 110,000 school buildings. It's going to cost you 12-15 million bucks. We want to find out what the students want, what the teachers want, what the parents want.'" O'Leary shares Steve's response: "Steve would say, by the way, not a nice guy, not a nice guy, he would say to a room full of people: 'Kevin, I don't give a shit what the students want or the parents think or anybody thinks. It's what I want. They don't know what they want till I tell them what they want.'" O'Leary pushed back: "I said, 'Steve, you sound like such an asshole. You have no idea what that sounds like.' He said, 'No, no, that's how it is, Kevin. Are you making money with me? Am I your fastest growing OEM? Have we not been wildly successful and continue to be?' I said, 'Yes, Steve, that's true.' He said, 'Then shut up and do what I say.' That's how he would talk to you. 100%." O'Leary explains what he learned: "There's a concept that he understood that very few people focused on back then, signal-to-noise ratio. His vision of signal was the top 3 to 5 things you have to get done in the next 18 hours. Not your vision for the business next week or next month or next year. Just the next 18 hours you're awake. You're going to get those 3 to 5 things done that you have deemed critical for your mission. They must get done today. Anything that stops you from doing that is the noise." He shares the ratio that made Jobs successful: "For Steve Jobs, the signal to noise ratio to be successful was 80/20. 80% signal, 20% noise. And I knew that to be true with him because he would email me at 2:30 in the morning and expect me to get back to him." O'Leary compares Jobs to one other person: "The only other person I've seen with a higher ratio than that is Elon Musk. He has no noise. He does not deal with noise. He is 100% signal. 24 seconds of every 30 seconds. 60 seconds of every minute. 60 minutes of every hour. The 18 hours he's awake, it's all signal. And look what he's achieved." He acknowledges the tradeoff: "That's very awkward for him socially, because noise is dealing with your family sometimes. Noise is saying hi to a friend. Noise is doom scrolling on social media. Maybe playing your guitar. But very few people on Earth, and if you go back in history, you'll find that the geniuses of their time were close to 100% signal." O'Leary shares another example: "Bezos will not make a decision after 1:00 in the afternoon, because he felt that the noise was too high. The signal for him was in the morning hours." He summarizes the lesson: "This is a crucial aspect of success that I now understand. It defines an entrepreneur. A man or woman that understands the signal-to-noise ratio, that focuses on that, they'll be successful. The ones that can't, that get down to a 50/50 signal to noise, they'll fail. It's that simple."

Jaynit

153,538 Aufrufe • vor 5 Monaten

Steve Jobs once told a room full of people: "I don't give a F**k what the students want, the parents think, or anybody thinks. It's what I want. They don't know what they want till I tell them what they want." Kevin looked Jobs in to the eye and said: "Steve, you sound like such an a**hole." Jobs did not flinch. "Are you making money with me? Have we not been wildly successful? Then shut up and do what I say." That was Steve Jobs. Not a nice guy. Not even a little. But here is what that man learned from working with him. And it is the only success formula that actually holds up. Kevin worked for Steve Jobs in the early 1990s, building educational software. One day he walked into a meeting and told Jobs they needed to do market research on Oregon Trail. A massive title. Running in 110,000 school buildings across the country. An update would cost 12 to 15 million dollars. He wanted to know what students wanted. What teachers wanted. What parents wanted. Jobs stopped him cold. He did not want surveys. Did not want focus groups. Did not want to know what anybody thought. Because in his mind, none of that mattered. What mattered was signal. Here is the concept Jobs understood that almost nobody else did. Every person alive is swimming in two things at all times. Signal. And noise. Signal is the three to five things that absolutely must get done today. Not next week. Not next month. Not someday. Today. The things that if done, move everything forward. The things your mission cannot survive without. Noise is everything else. The unnecessary meeting. The email that can wait. The social media scroll. The small talk. The market research nobody asked for. The decisions that feel urgent but are not. Everything that fills your hours without filling your purpose. Jobs ran at 80% signal, 20% noise. Every single day. Kevin knew this because Jobs would email him at 2:30 in the morning and expect a response. Not because he was unreasonable. Because for Jobs, 2:30 in the morning was still signal hours. He was still working. Still moving. Still locked in. The 18 hours he was awake were 18 hours of signal. Kevin says the only person he has ever seen operate at a higher ratio than Jobs is Elon Musk. Musk has almost no noise. Sixty seconds of every minute. Sixty minutes of every hour. Every waking hour pointed at whatever the signal is that day. And the results, like Jobs, speak for themselves. Jeff Bezos had his own version of this. He would not make a single decision after 1pm. Not because he was lazy. Because he understood that by afternoon, the noise had accumulated enough to cloud his judgment. His signal hours were in the morning. So that is when he decided things. And he protected those hours like they were sacred. Because they were. Here is the uncomfortable truth buried inside all of this. Noise is not always bad things. Sometimes noise is your family. Sometimes it is a friend calling to catch up. Sometimes it is a guitar sitting in the corner of the room. Sometimes it is rest. The people running at 100% signal, Jobs, Musk, the geniuses of history, paid a real price for it socially. Relationships suffered. Normal life suffered. Warmth suffered. Jobs himself was famously difficult to be around. But here is the question worth sitting with: Most people are not choosing between 100% signal and a balanced life. Most people are choosing between 30% signal and 70% noise. They are not sacrificing family time for focus. They are sacrificing focus for nothing. For scrolling. For distraction. For busy work that feels productive but produces nothing. That is the real problem. Kevin now tells every CEO he works with the same thing. It does not matter if you run an S&P 500 company or you are three weeks into your first business. The formula is the same. Identify the three to five things that must get done today. Not tomorrow. Not eventually. Today. Then protect those things with everything you have. If you can spend 80% of your waking hours on signal, you are operating at the level of the most successful people who have ever lived. If you drop to 50/50, signal and noise in equal measure, you will fail. It is, Kevin says, that simple. Jobs was not successful because he was a genius. He was not successful because he was charismatic or visionary or ahead of his time, though he was all of those things. He was successful because when he woke up every morning, he knew exactly what mattered. And he refused, sometimes rudely, sometimes brutally, sometimes at the cost of every relationship in the room, to let anything else in. Most people spend their whole lives reacting to noise and calling it work.

Yasmine Khosrowshahi

1,162,618 Aufrufe • vor 4 Monaten