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Google just proved that bigger isn't always better. Their 308M parameter model is outperforming models 2x its size. Google just released 𝗘𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗱𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗚𝗲𝗺𝗺𝗮, and it's proving that lightweight embedding models can punch way above their weight class. At just 308M parameters (578MB), it's the new state-of-the-art for models under 500M...

21,610 Aufrufe • vor 10 Monaten •via X (Twitter)

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Small Language Models (SML) are the future of AI. "Small" (SML) instead of "Large" (LLM). These small models are highly specialized models with superhuman abilities on specific tasks. Here are two techniques to build these models: • Spectrum • Model Merging I give you a short introduction in the attached video, but here is a quick summary: Spectrum helps us identify the most relevant layers to solve one specific task. We can ignore everything else and focus on fine-tuning these layers. Using Spectrum, we can fine-tune models in a heartbeat. Model Merging combines multiple models into a unique, much better model than any of the individual input models. You can also combine models specialized in different tasks and get a model with multiple abilities. This is the state of the art of productizing models. It's what Arcee.ai's platform does behind the scenes. Arcee collaborated with me on this post and is sponsoring it. There are three main steps to produce a model for your particular use case: 1. You create a dataset by uploading your data. 2. You train a model. At this step, Arcee uses Spectrum and Model Merging to produce a highly specialized model for your task. 3. You can deploy that model to any environment you want. Three important notes: • Training process is 2x faster and 2x cheaper than regular fine-tuning. • Resultant models are smaller and have higher accuracy. • They create these specialized models from open-source models. Check this site so you can fully appreciate how this works: If you want to fine-tune an open-source model, consider Arcee's platform. This is the state of the art.

Santiago

164,162 Aufrufe • vor 2 Jahren

David Friedberg: Frontier Models are Training on Your Novel Insights as “De-Identified Data” @jason: “Should they trust any of these LLMs with their proprietary knowledge for fear of having it cribbed into a core LLM?” david friedberg: “I have had experiences where we've asked some fairly novel scientific questions, and (the AI model) identifies it as a novel insight. It's like, ‘Oh, never thought about that, interesting, blah, blah, blah.’ And then using a different account, asking the next version (of the model) later, I've now experienced this. It's like, ‘Oh, well, you could do this,’ and it actually just describes this exact thing that we had in our chat in the previous version. Now, these are a handful of anecdotal experiences, but I know the domain that we work in, and the niche of it, and the ideation of this stuff, and the novelty of this stuff, and the lack of papers being published, and so on. So I know that there isn't some new corpus of information out there that's training the new model. So all I can say at that point is that my conversation or our analyses have been used for training.” David Sacks: “Okay, this does raise a really good question. What does it mean that the model is allowed to train on unidentifiable data?” Friedberg: “Well, that's my point. So it doesn't use any of my personal information, but it can use an insight derived from our chat, which it can then say is some training data that is unrelated. But the truth is, it's actually a piece of IP that's our organization’s IP, and our engagement back and forth. We don't have any NDA or confidentiality provisions or protections with them being a service provider back to us. This is why I care a lot about open source because I don't want them having my chat logs because they can use it for training to create an IP advantage that is now diffused to the rest of the market.”

The All-In Podcast

54,050 Aufrufe • vor 7 Tagen

There is a beautiful story that just happened in AI so let me share it for a lighter tone weekend post among all the doom stories in our AI field this week. It’s a story of people on three continents building and sharing in the open a new small efficient and state-of-the-art AI model. It started a couple of months ago when a new team in the AI scene released their first model from their headquarters in Paris (France): Mistral 7B. Impressive model, small and very strong performances in the benchmarks, better than all previous models of this size. And open source! So you could build on top of it. Lewis in Bern (Switzerland) and Ed (in Lyon, in the South of France) both from the H4 team, a team of researchers in model fine-tuning and alignment were talking about it over a coffee, in one of these gatherings that often happen at Hugging Face to break the distance between people (literal distance as HF is a remote company). What about fine-tuning it using this new DPO method that a research team from Stanford in California just posted on Arxiv, says one? Hey, that’s a great idea, replies the other. We've just build a great code base (with Nathan, Nazneen, Costa, Younes and all the H4 team and TRL community) let's use it! The next day they start diving in the datasets openly shared on the HF hub and stumble upon two interesting large and good quality fine-tuning datasets recently open-sourced by OpenBMB, a Chinese team from Tsinghua: UltraFeedback and UltraChat. A few rounds of training experiments confirm the intuition, the resulting model is super strong, by far the strongest they have ever seen in their benchmarks from Berkeley and Stanford (LMSYS and Alpaca). Join Clementine, the big boss of the open evaluation leaderboard. Her deep dive into the model capabilities confirms the results: impressive performance. But the H4 team also hosts a famous faculty member, Pr. Sasha Rush, Associate Professor at Cornell University in his daytime, hacker at HF in his nighttime. Joining the conversation, he proposes to quickly draft a research paper to organize and share all the details with the community. A few days later, the model, called Zephyr (a wind like Mistral), paper, and all details are shared with the world. Quickly other companies, everywhere in the world starts to use it. LlamaIndex, a famous data framework and community, shares how the model blew their expectations on real-life use-case benchmarks, while researchers and practitioners discuss the paper and work on the Hugging Face hub. All this happened in just a few weeks catalyzed by open access to knowledge, models, research, and datasets released all over the world (Europe, California, China) and by the idea that people can build upon one another work in AI to bring real-world value with efficient and open models. Stories like this are numerous everywhere around us and make me really proud of the AI community and see how we can build amazingly useful things together. [the video is just me reading this Friday post hahah]

Thomas Wolf

169,276 Aufrufe • vor 2 Jahren

Mark Zuckerberg is explaining one of the most misunderstood dynamics in AI and it has direct investment implications (Save this). The concept he's describing is model distillation, and it's one of the most important techniques to emerge in AI over the past year. Here's how it works. You train a massive, enormously expensive model, in Meta's case, Llama 4 Behemoth, a 2 trillion parameter teacher model and then you use that model to teach a much smaller, cheaper model. The smaller model inherits roughly 90 to 95% of the intelligence of the giant while running at 10% of the cost and on a fraction of the compute. Meta already did this with the Llama 4 family and Behemoth serves as the teacher. Llama 4 Scout and Maverick, the publicly released open-source models were distilled from it. Scout runs on a single H100 GPU with a 10 million token context window and outperforms models that cost far more to operate. Maverick, at 17 billion active parameters, rivals DeepSeek V3 in coding at half the parameter count and beats GPT-4o on multimodal benchmarks. Both are completely free for commercial use. What Zuckerberg is pointing at is a structural shift in how AI gets deployed in the real world. Companies aren't taking a frontier model off the shelf and running it as-is but rather taking open-source models, fine-tuning them on their own proprietary data, distilling them into even smaller custom models tailored to their specific use case, and running them on infrastructure they control at a fraction of the cost of a closed frontier API. The investment implication of this is significant and runs in two directions. For Meta specifically, this is a strategic masterstroke. Every company that builds on Llama, fine-tunes it, distills it, or deploys it through their infrastructure is pulling into Meta's orbit while Meta builds the most powerful open teacher model. The ecosystem of companies using it grows and that ecosystem generates commercial activity across Meta's platforms and data services. Meta's AI research benefits from billions of real world deployment signals and it's a flywheel that closed model providers cannot replicate because their strategy requires charging per token, which is now a 65x cost disadvantage against the open-source alternative. For the broader market, distillation changes the economics of inference in a way that has barely been priced in. As intelligence becomes extractable into smaller and cheaper models, the absolute demand for compute doesn't decline but rather it explodes, because now the number of applications that are economically viable expands by orders of magnitude. Every task that was previously too expensive to automate at $3.25 per call becomes viable at $0.05 that means more total token usage, more total GPU utilization, and more demand for the infrastructure companies, the Nebiuses, the GE Vernovas, the Constellation Energies that supply the underlying compute and power.

Milk Road AI

27,908 Aufrufe • vor 2 Monaten

China just released an open source AI model that matches the best closed models from OpenAI and Anthropic. Gavin Baker explained exactly how they did it and the answer should concern every American AI lab. The model is called GLM 5.2. It was built by Z. AI. You get 744 billion parameters, 1 million token context window and its MIT license, meaning anyone can download it, fork it, build a company on it, with no restrictions and no Dario. It scored 51 points on the artificial analysis intelligence index. The highest score any open weight model has ever achieved. It beat GPT 5.5 on the frontier software engineering benchmark. It trails Claude Opus 4.8 by less than one percentage point. And it costs 85% less to run than GPT 5.5 for comparable performance. Gavin Baker said on the All-In podcast that this model has challenged some of his beliefs. Then he explained how China built it. The method is called distillation. Just think of tens of thousands of phones and computers running simultaneously, all hitting the frontier model APIs through masked accounts, asking specific questions, and harvesting what happens inside the model when it answers. Every reasoning step, every token. The entire thinking process gets recorded and fed back into the Chinese model during training. It is a cheat sheet. It is the answer key to the exam. And here is the part that should worry everyone. Sacks said it plainly. China was already nine months behind American models. But now that GLM 5.2 is good enough to run its own reinforcement learning, it can improve itself without needing to distill from American models anymore. The cheat sheet let them get close enough to start writing their own answers. Sacks said we are six months behind on the model and 24 months behind on silicon and they are only a few months behind in total. The Z. AI founder told Elon Musk directly that open weight fable-level capability will be here before Q1 2027. Every restriction Anthropic lobbied for, every self-imposed safety guardrail, every month of delay in releasing American frontier models accelerated this. The Chinese labs were not under those restrictions. They were not going to wait. The composable model future Gavin described, where every enterprise runs a frontier model alongside their own fine-tuned open weight model, is coming regardless of what American labs do next. The question is just whether the open weight half of that stack is American or Chinese. Right now it is Chinese. WATCH THE FULL PODCAST ON The All-In Podcast

Ihtesham Ali

86,621 Aufrufe • vor 2 Monaten

How can you solve complex tasks using a Large Language Model? Here is a 2-minute introduction to everything you need to know to 10x the quality of your results. Let's talk about three techniques, in order of complexity, starting with the easiest one: • In-Context Learning • Indexing + In-Context Learning • Fine-tuning In-Context Learning The team that trained GPT-3 found something they couldn't explain: You can condition a model using examples of how you want it to behave. I included an example prompt in the attached video. You can "teach" the model how you want it to interpret questions, select the correct answers, and format the results by giving a few examples. You can also give specific knowledge to the model that will be helpful when formulating answers. We call this approach "grounding the model." There's another example in the video. Indexing + In-Context Learning Unfortunately, there is a limit to how much data you can include in a prompt. We call this the "context size." One version of GPT-4 supports a context of approximately 6,000 words, while the other supports 25,000 words. Although this sounds like a lot, many applications need more than that. Imagine you wrote a book and want to build an application to answer any questions about your story. What happens if your book is longer than the context? That's where Indexing comes in. Using a model, you can turn every book passage into an embedding. These are vectors, numbers that "encode" the passage's text. You can then store these embeddings in a particular database that supports fast retrieval of these vectors. You can then turn any question into an embedding and search the database for the list of passages that are similar to that query. Instead of using the entire book to ask the model, you can now use the relevant passages as in-context information, effectively working around the context size limitation. Fine-tuning Fine-tuning can give you an extra boost to get reliable outputs from your LLM. It is, however, the most complex approach on the list. There are different approaches to fine-tuning a model with your data. A popular technique is to process your data with your LLM and use the outputs to train a new classifier that solves your specific task. Notice that here you aren't modifying the LLM. Instead, you are chaining it with your trained classifier. Another approach is to modify the parameters of the LLM using your data. Think of this as "rewiring" the model in a way that solves your particular task. The results and costs will vary depending on how many layers you want to fine-tune from the original model. Many companies think that fine-tuning is the solution to their problems. In my experience, many will benefit from exploring the other two approaches. I love explaining Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence ideas. If you enjoy in-depth content like this, follow me Santiago so you don't miss what comes next.

Santiago

384,510 Aufrufe • vor 3 Jahren

Suno is limiting downloads, basically making a lot of the songs you make locked in their 'walled garden'. One of their main competitors, Udio, did the same thing after a settlement with UMG that restricts any downloads. This is 100% an injunction from the music labels who want to limit the "damage" that AI does to the profitability of music. There are two viable alternatives... >Minimax music 3.0. It is currently free to use up to 500 songs a day as long as your account qualifies for beta testing their music model, which should be anyone. It is a closed-weight model, but there are no restrictions on what you download and how much you download. The music quality is not as good as Udio or Suno, but it's pretty close overall, and it can understand very complex prompts to guide music generation. >Open-source music is not a very good alternative... but right now SongGeneration-LeVo2 is the best AI music model that's open-source right now. The music I put on the post is one such generation that I created on my PC. The problem is that it's hard to use. The comfyUI version requires installation on a separate portable install, specific transformer and flash attention versions, and additional libraries installed. The required models and checkpoints are scattered around Hugging Face, and some of the links from the original repo are dead. There are not many English guides, and most of the training data is in Chinese, so it struggles with English lyrics. To some extent, the demand for music generation isn't that high, compared to images and videos, so overall not many alternatives are around.

Emerald Apple

20,420 Aufrufe • vor 1 Monat

I have been testing DeepSeek-V4-Pro with the Pi coding agent. I am mindblown by how well it works out of the box. A few notes: I spent a few hours building an LLM wiki with an agent powered entirely by DeepSeek-V4-Pro on Fireworks inference. This is the first time I feel like there is an open-weight model that can reason at the level of Claude and Codex. And it does this in a cost-effective way with support for 1M context length. To be clear, I am using DeepSeek-V4-Pro inside of Pi without any special configuration. It works out of the box. It's exciting that there is a model that can just be plugged into a basic harness like Pi, and it just works. I've never seen that before. Most models require lots of configuration and setup. DeepSeek's DeepSeek-V4-Pro is clearly good at agentic coding (probably the best from the open-weight models), but the model is also great on knowledge-intensive tasks where reasoning matters. The agent pulled agentic engineering best practices from different company docs (Anthropic, OpenAI, Google, Stripe, Meta, Modal, DeepSeek, Mistral, Cohere), searched and digested Reddit and HN threads, summarized arxiv papers, and surfaced trending GitHub repos. Then it distilled everything into actionable tips across categories. I love the Wiki it built. The quality is really good. Here is a snapshot of what the wiki looks like: DeepSeek-V4-Pro handled the task without breaking stride. Multi-step research queries, code generation for scaffolding, context-heavy reasoning across disparate sources. For coding specifically, this is the first open-weight model that genuinely feels like a Codex or Claude Code experience. It compares in capability and actual multi-turn agentic work. What made the loop feel so responsive was Fireworks' inference speed (the fastest in the market) and the fact that they actually validate models at the systems level before shipping. No corrupted reasoning traces. Just fast, reliable iteration. The hybrid CSA and HCA attention design cuts KV cache to just 10% and inference FLOPs by nearly 4x at 1M-token context. This is what makes the agent loop actually fast and cheap enough to run in practice. For devs who've been watching open-weight models close the gap but haven't found one that actually delivers in practice, this is the closest I've seen. Try it here:

elvis

60,281 Aufrufe • vor 4 Monaten