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How can Bitcoin support verifiable, stateful computation without relying on soft forks or fraud proofs? 🟠 At House of ZK’s Bitcoin Economy Conference, StarkWare 🐺🐱 CPO Avihu Levy ✨🐺 introduced ColliderVM: a new design for verifiable onchain computation with logic and data persistence, built using pre-signed transactions and collision-based... show more

House of ZK

76,342 subscribers

13,275 views • 1 year ago •via X (Twitter)

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6 Comments

House of ZK1 year ago

Key takeaways from the keynote “ColliderVM: Stateful Computation on Bitcoin without Fraud Proofs” by @StarkWareLtd CPO @avihu28 at House of ZK’s @Bitcoin Economy Conference 👇 1️⃣ Why Stateful Computation? • Enables multi-step logic and cross-tx data flow • Essential for Bitcoin-native smart contracts and long-form computation 2️⃣ Existing Solutions (and Limitations): • Multisig: either insecure (low threshold) or fragile (high threshold) • Covenants: offer strong guarantees but require soft forks • BitVM: verifiable, but needs fraud proofs + active monitoring 3️⃣ ColliderVM: A New Model • Logic flow managed via pre-signed transactions • Shared state encoded using collision-based hash commitments (input + nonce) 4️⃣ Benefits • Fully onchain execution - no fraud detection cycles • Open participation: anyone (even miners) can push txs • Simple, deterministic flow with no need for coordination 5️⃣ Tradeoffs • Setup is storage-heavy: many tx copies to pre-sign • Collision-finding offchain demands serious compute (mining-grade in some cases) • Onchain proving like STARK verifiers remains costly today 6️⃣ What’s Next • Proof-of-concept demo in progress • Exploring Bitcoin-friendly hash functions to enable efficient proving • With CTV, setup overhead (signers, storage) could be eliminated entirely

Mobile Scanner1 year ago

Scan any documents, convert images into text, PDF files, etc. 👍

BROTHER CRYPTO_SAVIOLA1 year ago

@Bitcoin @StarkWareLtd @avihu28 This is the kind of Bitcoin native design that doesn’t wait for consensus upgrades. Collision-based state + pre-signed tx flows = a new dev paradigm. Can’t wait to see the proof of concept land

llx1 year ago

@Bitcoin @StarkWareLtd @avihu28 scam

𝙅𝙖𝙮𝙈☂️1 year ago

@Bitcoin @StarkWareLtd @avihu28 ColliderVM’s approach to stateful onchain logic without soft forks or fraud proofs could revolutionize Bitcoin smart contracts by reducing onchain verification costs and increasing participation efficiency

harihari 🧩🥕| Carmine Options1 year ago

@Bitcoin @StarkWareLtd @avihu28 ColliderVM is a 🔥 new model

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22,815 views • 1 year ago

BITCOIN RAILS EPISODE #24: The History of Zero-Knowledge Proofs | with ZK “Godfather” Eli Ben Sasson In 2013, computer science professor Eli Ben-Sasson | Starknet.io presented his research on zero-knowledge proofs at a small Bitcoin conference outside of Standford University. The presentation immediately sparked interest from Bitcoin Core developer Greg Maxwell—leading Eli into over a decade of sustained work advancing ZK-based solutions for blockchain scalability and privacy. Today, zero-knowledge proofs are widely considered some of the most powerful and promising cryptographic primitives for scaling—with their full potential for Bitcoin simmering just beneath the surface of active development. This episode shares Eli’s early discussions of ZKPs for scaling, the use of proofs in privacy-enhancing technologies like Zcash, the explosion of ZKPs for Layer 2s on Ethereum… and his recent return to exploring ZKPs for Bitcoin. As always, you can view this episode on YouTube or Spotify via the linktree in my bio—YouTube link in comments as well. This episode is powered by Best In Slot—the leading API for Ordinals and BRC20 data aggregation and indexing. TIMESTAMPS: 00:51 Eli Ben-Sasson: Godfather of ZKPs 02:15 Revealing Proof Research to Bitcoiners 04:15 Meeting Greg Maxwell; Mike Hearn 06:10 ZCash: Bringing ZK Based Privacy for Crypto 07:05 SNARKs and STARKs Explained 08:10 Would Satoshi Approve of Bitcoin STARKs? 11:41 ZCash Privacy Versus Monero 13:45 When did the ZKP era begin on Ethereum? 16:34 What’s different about ZK STARKs? 18:40 Vitalik and STARKs on Ethereum with Starkware 21:10 Academics finally appreciating STARKs 23:18 Healthy competition in the ZK industry 24:20 What is Starknet? 25:50 What is an L2, in Eli’s view? 27:20 Focustree, an app on Starknet 30:00 How Eli arrived at Bitcoin Season 2 34:45 When did ZK look realistic for Bitcoin? 36:55 Eli first heard about OP_CAT 39:30 Why Lightning isn’t good enough 40:30 When did Starkware start focusing on OP_CAT? 44:20 Runes bridge to Starknet! 46:00 Expanding Starknet staking to BTC 48:20 Why is OP_CAT “barely enough” for Bitcoin L2s? 51:00 The real reason people oppose OP_CAT, per Eli 53:00 The risks of *not* changing Bitcoin 55:35 The weakness of Bitcoin’s lack of governance 01:00:15 We will need to softfork for quantum!

BITCOIN RAILS EPISODE #24: The History of Zero-Knowledge Proofs | with ZK “Godfather” Eli Ben Sasson In 2013, computer science professor Eli Ben-Sasson | Starknet.io presented his research on zero-knowledge proofs at a small Bitcoin conference outside of Standford University. The presentation immediately sparked interest from Bitcoin Core developer Greg Maxwell—leading Eli into over a decade of sustained work advancing ZK-based solutions for blockchain scalability and privacy. Today, zero-knowledge proofs are widely considered some of the most powerful and promising cryptographic primitives for scaling—with their full potential for Bitcoin simmering just beneath the surface of active development. This episode shares Eli’s early discussions of ZKPs for scaling, the use of proofs in privacy-enhancing technologies like Zcash, the explosion of ZKPs for Layer 2s on Ethereum… and his recent return to exploring ZKPs for Bitcoin. As always, you can view this episode on YouTube or Spotify via the linktree in my bio—YouTube link in comments as well. This episode is powered by Best In Slot—the leading API for Ordinals and BRC20 data aggregation and indexing. TIMESTAMPS: 00:51 Eli Ben-Sasson: Godfather of ZKPs 02:15 Revealing Proof Research to Bitcoiners 04:15 Meeting Greg Maxwell; Mike Hearn 06:10 ZCash: Bringing ZK Based Privacy for Crypto 07:05 SNARKs and STARKs Explained 08:10 Would Satoshi Approve of Bitcoin STARKs? 11:41 ZCash Privacy Versus Monero 13:45 When did the ZKP era begin on Ethereum? 16:34 What’s different about ZK STARKs? 18:40 Vitalik and STARKs on Ethereum with Starkware 21:10 Academics finally appreciating STARKs 23:18 Healthy competition in the ZK industry 24:20 What is Starknet? 25:50 What is an L2, in Eli’s view? 27:20 Focustree, an app on Starknet 30:00 How Eli arrived at Bitcoin Season 2 34:45 When did ZK look realistic for Bitcoin? 36:55 Eli first heard about OP_CAT 39:30 Why Lightning isn’t good enough 40:30 When did Starkware start focusing on OP_CAT? 44:20 Runes bridge to Starknet! 46:00 Expanding Starknet staking to BTC 48:20 Why is OP_CAT “barely enough” for Bitcoin L2s? 51:00 The real reason people oppose OP_CAT, per Eli 53:00 The risks of not changing Bitcoin 55:35 The weakness of Bitcoin’s lack of governance 01:00:15 We will need to softfork for quantum!

Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️

46,012 views • 1 year ago

BITCOIN RAILS #59: Post-Quantum Bitcoin Signatures (+ their tradeoffs) | with BIP 360 co-author Ethan ✨ is on BlueSky✨ Heilman 🐱 and Blockstream Head of Research Jonas Nick 🔗 YOUTUBE: 🌿 SPOTIFY: According to BIP 360 co-author Ethan Heilman, Bitcoin needs a minimum of two soft forks to become quantum resistant: P2MR (or an output type that can safely execute PQ signatures) + a post-quantum checksig (signature scheme). Ethan and the BIP 360 team (including myself and Hunter Beast 🕯️) introduced the P2MR part via a BIP 360 update late last year—but the question remains, what’s the most appropriate PQ signature scheme for Bitcoin? They all have substantive tradeoffs, but hash-based signatures seem to be leading technical discourse—likely due to recent optimizations by Jonas Nick and the broader Blockstream research team. It was an honor to sit down with both of these men - arguably the two most influential and productive cryptographers in Bitcoin quantum mitigation right now - for an in-depth review of the leading PQ signature schemes and a temperature check on Bitcoin’s post-quantum planning process. TBH, if you want to skip the noise and jump straight to the signal on quantum, this is the interview to watch. In this episode, we discuss: - What needs to happen at the soft fork, infra, and mitigation levels to fully quantum-harden Bitcoin - Recent updates to BIP 360 + breakdown of the leading hash-based signatures schemes for Bitcoin (SHRINCS + SHRIMPS) - Why we may actually get consensus around a stateful scheme for Bitcoin - Comparisons of hash-based signatures vs Lattice and Isogeny-based schemes - Assessing the risks of both waiting too long and acting too fast (and why quantum is a better threat to be facing than a potential classical attack) This episode of Bitcoin Rails is brought to you by my NEW sponsors: - LayerTwo Labs LayerTwo Labs — developing research, software, and technologies for scaling Bitcoin via the integration of Drivechains (BIP 300/301) - Hashi on Sui — a primitive for executing Bitcoin Defi transactions, without having to trust a federated bridge or other centralized entity - BitBox BitBox — an open-source Bitcoin-only hardware wallet, with smooth UX and no compromises on security. Check out Bitbox [dot] swiss and use code BITCOINRAILS to get a discount TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Intro 02:18 Ethan’s Quantum Wakeup 05:18 How Blockstream Enters Post Quantum 09:25 BIP 360 Explained 12:11 How Bitcoin Transitions to PQ 17:35 Choosing Post Quantum Signatures 23:20 How Blockstream Created SHRINCS 27:22 Signature Budgets Importance Explained 41:13 What are SHRIMPS? 44:51 SHRIMPS vs SHRINCS 47:48 Why SLH-DSA Alone Won’t Cut It 49:24 Is a SHRIMPS + SHRINCS BIP Coming? 51:51 Blockstream’s Big Plans for Liquid 59:04 Quantum Readiness Roadmap 01:02:22 Importance of a PQ Recovery Plan 01:05:35 How Long Would a PQ Migration Take 01:11:17 Quantum Watchlist Recommendations

BITCOIN RAILS #59: Post-Quantum Bitcoin Signatures (+ their tradeoffs) | with BIP 360 co-author Ethan ✨ is on BlueSky✨ Heilman 🐱 and Blockstream Head of Research Jonas Nick 🔗 YOUTUBE: 🌿 SPOTIFY: According to BIP 360 co-author Ethan Heilman, Bitcoin needs a minimum of two soft forks to become quantum resistant: P2MR (or an output type that can safely execute PQ signatures) + a post-quantum checksig (signature scheme). Ethan and the BIP 360 team (including myself and Hunter Beast 🕯️) introduced the P2MR part via a BIP 360 update late last year—but the question remains, what’s the most appropriate PQ signature scheme for Bitcoin? They all have substantive tradeoffs, but hash-based signatures seem to be leading technical discourse—likely due to recent optimizations by Jonas Nick and the broader Blockstream research team. It was an honor to sit down with both of these men - arguably the two most influential and productive cryptographers in Bitcoin quantum mitigation right now - for an in-depth review of the leading PQ signature schemes and a temperature check on Bitcoin’s post-quantum planning process. TBH, if you want to skip the noise and jump straight to the signal on quantum, this is the interview to watch. In this episode, we discuss: - What needs to happen at the soft fork, infra, and mitigation levels to fully quantum-harden Bitcoin - Recent updates to BIP 360 + breakdown of the leading hash-based signatures schemes for Bitcoin (SHRINCS + SHRIMPS) - Why we may actually get consensus around a stateful scheme for Bitcoin - Comparisons of hash-based signatures vs Lattice and Isogeny-based schemes - Assessing the risks of both waiting too long and acting too fast (and why quantum is a better threat to be facing than a potential classical attack) This episode of Bitcoin Rails is brought to you by my NEW sponsors: - LayerTwo Labs LayerTwo Labs — developing research, software, and technologies for scaling Bitcoin via the integration of Drivechains (BIP 300/301) - Hashi on Sui — a primitive for executing Bitcoin Defi transactions, without having to trust a federated bridge or other centralized entity - BitBox BitBox — an open-source Bitcoin-only hardware wallet, with smooth UX and no compromises on security. Check out Bitbox [dot] swiss and use code BITCOINRAILS to get a discount TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Intro 02:18 Ethan’s Quantum Wakeup 05:18 How Blockstream Enters Post Quantum 09:25 BIP 360 Explained 12:11 How Bitcoin Transitions to PQ 17:35 Choosing Post Quantum Signatures 23:20 How Blockstream Created SHRINCS 27:22 Signature Budgets Importance Explained 41:13 What are SHRIMPS? 44:51 SHRIMPS vs SHRINCS 47:48 Why SLH-DSA Alone Won’t Cut It 49:24 Is a SHRIMPS + SHRINCS BIP Coming? 51:51 Blockstream’s Big Plans for Liquid 59:04 Quantum Readiness Roadmap 01:02:22 Importance of a PQ Recovery Plan 01:05:35 How Long Would a PQ Migration Take 01:11:17 Quantum Watchlist Recommendations

Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️

23,783 views • 2 months ago

Bitcoin is money AND digital gold. The two are not mutually exclusive. For Michael Saylor - it's the purest form of digital credit. For David Marcus - it's the payment rails of the future. "No one cares what humans think about how people need to Bitcoin because it's an unopinionated, code-based money platform." The Lightspark founder is forging ahead with building Bitcoin-based payment rails, while Saylor and Strategy are doubling down on Bitcoin-backed financial products. "I'm really grateful that Michael is really focused on the store of value use case, and he can do that, and I can be the one focused on bringing utility to Bitcoin. Both things will actually help one another to make Bitcoin more relevant to many more people and that's the beauty of building on an open network," Marcus told Robert Baggs and me on our latest Chain Reaction show. Marcus has been keenly focused on abstracting complexity away from payments using Bitcoin payments infrastructure with the launch of Lightspark Grid. "It's like Bitcoin as a network being used to move all kinds of other money, whether it's stablecoin or fiat at the edges, and you don't even understand that you're using Bitcoin. For instance, if you're a SoFi client in the US, and you want to send money to Europe or India, Brazil or Mexico, you send dollars and the other person on the other side receives Mexican peso, you have no clue you're using Bitcoin. And it's like magical TCP/IP for money between payment systems in the world." Bitcoin infrastructure works. Like most widely adopted technologies, the average person has no idea what's going on under the hood. That is the future that takes Bitcoin global. And it's being built in real-time.

Bitcoin is money AND digital gold. The two are not mutually exclusive. For Michael Saylor - it's the purest form of digital credit. For David Marcus - it's the payment rails of the future. "No one cares what humans think about how people need to Bitcoin because it's an unopinionated, code-based money platform." The Lightspark founder is forging ahead with building Bitcoin-based payment rails, while Saylor and Strategy are doubling down on Bitcoin-backed financial products. "I'm really grateful that Michael is really focused on the store of value use case, and he can do that, and I can be the one focused on bringing utility to Bitcoin. Both things will actually help one another to make Bitcoin more relevant to many more people and that's the beauty of building on an open network," Marcus told Robert Baggs and me on our latest Chain Reaction show. Marcus has been keenly focused on abstracting complexity away from payments using Bitcoin payments infrastructure with the launch of Lightspark Grid. "It's like Bitcoin as a network being used to move all kinds of other money, whether it's stablecoin or fiat at the edges, and you don't even understand that you're using Bitcoin. For instance, if you're a SoFi client in the US, and you want to send money to Europe or India, Brazil or Mexico, you send dollars and the other person on the other side receives Mexican peso, you have no clue you're using Bitcoin. And it's like magical TCP/IP for money between payment systems in the world." Bitcoin infrastructure works. Like most widely adopted technologies, the average person has no idea what's going on under the hood. That is the future that takes Bitcoin global. And it's being built in real-time.

Gareth Jenkinson

19,172 views • 5 months ago

What if your data worked for you instead of against you? In one of the most gripping talks at ZK Hub ETHDenver, Juan Angel (Juan), Ecosystem Growth at , made the case for “open but private” data - arguing that blind computation can break data out of corporate silos and let users lease it securely without ever revealing the raw inputs. Through real examples like encrypted genomic data (via Monatic DNA) and incentivized health prediction markets (Stadium Science), Juan painted a future where users hold the encryption keys, opt in to share data selectively, and get paid every time it's used. The biggest takeaway? Not your keys, not your data. This talk is also available to view on the House of ZK YouTube:

What if your data worked for you instead of against you? In one of the most gripping talks at ZK Hub ETHDenver, Juan Angel (Juan), Ecosystem Growth at , made the case for “open but private” data - arguing that blind computation can break data out of corporate silos and let users lease it securely without ever revealing the raw inputs. Through real examples like encrypted genomic data (via Monatic DNA) and incentivized health prediction markets (Stadium Science), Juan painted a future where users hold the encryption keys, opt in to share data selectively, and get paid every time it's used. The biggest takeaway? Not your keys, not your data. This talk is also available to view on the House of ZK YouTube:

House of ZK

65,143 views • 1 year ago

Upstream Data has a new software initiative starting with our LoadSync™ industrial bitcoin mining controller. We converted from PLC controls to a much more scalable embedded Linux based architecture. This project is led by b_rowan and James Hilliard. Brett gives an overview of what it can do today, but there's so much more coming soon! LoadSync is just the beginning of our software plans, I can't wait to show you what we have in store. Our long term goal for LoadSync is to have a drop-in product for every bitcoin mine on the planet at any scale. A complete fleet management tool for everything associated with a bitcoin mining load. LoadSync is built upon an open source library also maintained by Brett, called PyASIC. More and more bitcoin miners are integrating PyASIC every day, you should too! Go find it on GitHub. At Upstream Data we intend to continue leading the industry in technology, product application and high performance bitcoin mining infrastructure.

Upstream Data has a new software initiative starting with our LoadSync™ industrial bitcoin mining controller. We converted from PLC controls to a much more scalable embedded Linux based architecture. This project is led by b_rowan and James Hilliard. Brett gives an overview of what it can do today, but there's so much more coming soon! LoadSync is just the beginning of our software plans, I can't wait to show you what we have in store. Our long term goal for LoadSync is to have a drop-in product for every bitcoin mine on the planet at any scale. A complete fleet management tool for everything associated with a bitcoin mining load. LoadSync is built upon an open source library also maintained by Brett, called PyASIC. More and more bitcoin miners are integrating PyASIC every day, you should too! Go find it on GitHub. At Upstream Data we intend to continue leading the industry in technology, product application and high performance bitcoin mining infrastructure.

Steve Barbour

27,049 views • 2 years ago

BITCOIN RAILS #43: A HISTORY OF “SPAM” on BITCOIN | with Peter Todd 🔗 YOUTUBE: 🌿 SPOTIFY: “You cannot prevent arbitrary data from being published in Bitcoin transactions. Even at the consensus level…It’s mathematically impossible.” Legendary Bitcoin contributor since 2009 and self-described "weirdo with a fine arts degree," Peter Todd joins me to unpack the endless wars over Bitcoin's "true purpose," his pioneering work putting "spam" on the blockchain, and why he believes attempts to filter transactions are just “silly.” In this episode, we get deep into the history of using Bitcoin for data storage - which goes back, at least, to the development of Namecoin in 2011. Relatedly, we cover the history and long-fought governance battles around OP_RETURN, relay policy, and our community's evolving definitions of "arbitrary data. Suffice it to say, the Filter Wars of 2024/25 are not new... they are simply one battle in a decade+ war we unpack in detail in this context-rich episode of Bitcoin Rails. In more detail, this episode covers: - The development of Open Time Stamps + Bitcoin's use in validating election data and beyond. - OPRETURN battles of the early days... and how its use has evolved over the past decade. - Why Bitcoin Core "should not try to censor transactions" and the "performance art project" (Libre Relay) that shows why. - Bitcoin as a "replicated database" and why blockchains may legitimately be useful outside of sound money. - Why preventing arbitrary data on Bitcoin is "mathematically impossible" ...and trying to stop it is only distracting us from "more important" efforts, like the Great Consensus Cleanup Antoine Poinsot. This episode of Bitcoin Rails is powered by: - Best In Slot (Best in Slot | BRC2.0 🧑‍🍳) — the leading API for Ordinals and BRC-20 data aggregation and indexing. - Spark (Lightspark) — a statechains implementation advancing Bitcoin-powered payments. - Citrea (Citrea | Mainnet Live 🍊🍋) — the leading Bitcoin rollup technology and BitVM alliance contributor. Timestamps: 00:00 Intro 01:19 Bitcoin Early Days 03:44 OpenTimestamps Project 12:22 Governance and Bitcoin Protocol Debates 26:36 The Blockchain Use Case Argument 35:46 Transaction Version Numbers and Standardization 38:30 Preventing Exploits and DDoS Attacks 40:10 Relay Policies and Economic Decisions 42:00 The Taproot Annex and OP_RETURN 45:07 Libre Relay 01:01:18 Future of Bitcoin and Soft Fork Proposals

BITCOIN RAILS #43: A HISTORY OF “SPAM” on BITCOIN | with Peter Todd 🔗 YOUTUBE: 🌿 SPOTIFY: “You cannot prevent arbitrary data from being published in Bitcoin transactions. Even at the consensus level…It’s mathematically impossible.” Legendary Bitcoin contributor since 2009 and self-described "weirdo with a fine arts degree," Peter Todd joins me to unpack the endless wars over Bitcoin's "true purpose," his pioneering work putting "spam" on the blockchain, and why he believes attempts to filter transactions are just “silly.” In this episode, we get deep into the history of using Bitcoin for data storage - which goes back, at least, to the development of Namecoin in 2011. Relatedly, we cover the history and long-fought governance battles around OP_RETURN, relay policy, and our community's evolving definitions of "arbitrary data. Suffice it to say, the Filter Wars of 2024/25 are not new... they are simply one battle in a decade+ war we unpack in detail in this context-rich episode of Bitcoin Rails. In more detail, this episode covers: - The development of Open Time Stamps + Bitcoin's use in validating election data and beyond. - OPRETURN battles of the early days... and how its use has evolved over the past decade. - Why Bitcoin Core "should not try to censor transactions" and the "performance art project" (Libre Relay) that shows why. - Bitcoin as a "replicated database" and why blockchains may legitimately be useful outside of sound money. - Why preventing arbitrary data on Bitcoin is "mathematically impossible" ...and trying to stop it is only distracting us from "more important" efforts, like the Great Consensus Cleanup Antoine Poinsot. This episode of Bitcoin Rails is powered by: - Best In Slot (Best in Slot | BRC2.0 🧑‍🍳) — the leading API for Ordinals and BRC-20 data aggregation and indexing. - Spark (Lightspark) — a statechains implementation advancing Bitcoin-powered payments. - Citrea (Citrea | Mainnet Live 🍊🍋) — the leading Bitcoin rollup technology and BitVM alliance contributor. Timestamps: 00:00 Intro 01:19 Bitcoin Early Days 03:44 OpenTimestamps Project 12:22 Governance and Bitcoin Protocol Debates 26:36 The Blockchain Use Case Argument 35:46 Transaction Version Numbers and Standardization 38:30 Preventing Exploits and DDoS Attacks 40:10 Relay Policies and Economic Decisions 42:00 The Taproot Annex and OP_RETURN 45:07 Libre Relay 01:01:18 Future of Bitcoin and Soft Fork Proposals

Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️

10,768 views • 7 months ago