Loading video...

Video Failed to Load

There was a problem loading this video. This could be due to a temporary network issue or the video might be unavailable.

Modal engineer who teaches Full-Stack Deep Learning explained everything an AI engineer needs to know about GPUs in 20 minutes - better than $800 CUDA workshops. memory bandwidth -> SM occupancy -> kernel fusion -> arithmetic intensity -> know when you're compute-bound vs memory-bound. That loop is how you... show more

h100envy

3,299 subscribers

18,442 views • 1 month ago •via X (Twitter)

Science & Technology

Anya Rossi• Live Now

Private livecam show

0 Comments

No comments available

Comments from the original post will appear here

Related Videos

PyTorch core engineer at Meta turned CUDA kernel writing into a sport in 13 minutes - better than $1500 GPU programming bootcamps. profile the kernel -> find the bottleneck -> rewrite -> benchmark -> merge the winning code into PyTorch. That loop is how the open community now beats hand-tuned vendor kernels. GPU MODE community + KernelBot competition + winning kernel merged into the framework - that's the stack. Watch it, then steal the loop below.

h100envy

35,390 views • 1 month ago

Ex-Berkeley PhD who leads SGLang at xAI explained how they serve Grok on 100K GPUs in 23 minutes - better than $2000 inference-at-scale courses. split prefill and decode -> shard experts across GPUs -> route tokens per expert -> overlap comm and compute -> serve at DeepSeek-API-killing prices. That loop is why xAI runs Grok on SGLang and third parties beat DeepSeek's own API by 5x on cost. SGLang + prefill-decode disaggregation + expert parallelism + AMD MI300 - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then read the article below.

Ex-Berkeley PhD who leads SGLang at xAI explained how they serve Grok on 100K GPUs in 23 minutes - better than $2000 inference-at-scale courses. split prefill and decode -> shard experts across GPUs -> route tokens per expert -> overlap comm and compute -> serve at DeepSeek-API-killing prices. That loop is why xAI runs Grok on SGLang and third parties beat DeepSeek's own API by 5x on cost. SGLang + prefill-decode disaggregation + expert parallelism + AMD MI300 - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then read the article below.

h100envy

319,274 views • 1 month ago

Alibaba engineer who leads Qwen explained the future of open agent models in 25 minutes - better than $2000 LLM training courses. pre-train the base ->SFT -> RLHF -> tool use -> multi-modal -> ship a whole family (chat / VL / coder / math / QwQ). That loop is why Qwen quietly became the most downloaded open model family on Hugging Face. Qwen base + Qwen-VL + Qwen-Coder + QwQ reasoning - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then read the article below.

Alibaba engineer who leads Qwen explained the future of open agent models in 25 minutes - better than $2000 LLM training courses. pre-train the base ->SFT -> RLHF -> tool use -> multi-modal -> ship a whole family (chat / VL / coder / math / QwQ). That loop is why Qwen quietly became the most downloaded open model family on Hugging Face. Qwen base + Qwen-VL + Qwen-Coder + QwQ reasoning - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then read the article below.

h100envy

114,202 views • 1 month ago

Ex-NVIDIA engineer who built Unsloth explained RL, kernels, reasoning, quantization, and agents in 2 hours 42 minutes - better than $5000 fine-tuning bootcamps. pick the base model -> write triton kernels for 2x faster fine-tune -> quantize to 4-bit -> run GRPO/DPO -> ship a reasoning model on your single GPU. That loop is why Unsloth is the default way to fine-tune Llama, Qwen, Gemma, and Phi on hardware you already own. Unsloth + Triton kernels + 4-bit quantization + GRPO/DPO + single-GPU fine-tuning - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then fine-tune your first model tonight.

Ex-NVIDIA engineer who built Unsloth explained RL, kernels, reasoning, quantization, and agents in 2 hours 42 minutes - better than $5000 fine-tuning bootcamps. pick the base model -> write triton kernels for 2x faster fine-tune -> quantize to 4-bit -> run GRPO/DPO -> ship a reasoning model on your single GPU. That loop is why Unsloth is the default way to fine-tune Llama, Qwen, Gemma, and Phi on hardware you already own. Unsloth + Triton kernels + 4-bit quantization + GRPO/DPO + single-GPU fine-tuning - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then fine-tune your first model tonight.

h100envy

494,867 views • 1 month ago

Ex-Google engineer explained AI agent loops, harness, evals in 20 minutes - better than 500$ courses. trace every run → judge it with an LLM → diagnose → fix → ship. That loop is how agents self-improve over time. Agent loops + memory + harness + evals - thats the stack. Watch it, then save the framework below.

Ex-Google engineer explained AI agent loops, harness, evals in 20 minutes - better than 500$ courses. trace every run → judge it with an LLM → diagnose → fix → ship. That loop is how agents self-improve over time. Agent loops + memory + harness + evals - thats the stack. Watch it, then save the framework below.

Movez

564,769 views • 2 months ago

Ex-Google engineer reveals how to build AI agent loops, harnesses, LLM ops, and evals in 19 minutes. Trace → evaluate → diagnose → fix → ship → repeat. That loop is how agents self-improve over time. Agentic loops + harness + memory + evals - that’s the senior engineer stack. This is better than $500 paid courses on the same topic, explained in under 20 minutes. Watch it, then save the framework below.

Ex-Google engineer reveals how to build AI agent loops, harnesses, LLM ops, and evals in 19 minutes. Trace → evaluate → diagnose → fix → ship → repeat. That loop is how agents self-improve over time. Agentic loops + harness + memory + evals - that’s the senior engineer stack. This is better than $500 paid courses on the same topic, explained in under 20 minutes. Watch it, then save the framework below.

Codez

172,263 views • 2 months ago

Prime Intellect engineers explained how they train reasoning models over the open internet in 30 minutes - better than $3000 distributed training courses. split policy and rollouts across nodes -> run agents in parallel envs -> verify with LLM judges -> gradient-sync over the internet -> train Llama, Qwen, Gemma at cluster scale on rented GPUs. That loop is why open reasoning models are catching closed labs without owning a data center. Prime-RL + verifiers + distributed rollouts + LLM judges + multi-cloud GPUs - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then launch your first distributed RL run this week.

Prime Intellect engineers explained how they train reasoning models over the open internet in 30 minutes - better than $3000 distributed training courses. split policy and rollouts across nodes -> run agents in parallel envs -> verify with LLM judges -> gradient-sync over the internet -> train Llama, Qwen, Gemma at cluster scale on rented GPUs. That loop is why open reasoning models are catching closed labs without owning a data center. Prime-RL + verifiers + distributed rollouts + LLM judges + multi-cloud GPUs - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then launch your first distributed RL run this week.

h100envy

39,620 views • 1 month ago

Ex-JPMorgan engineer who wrote the LLM Course explained everything about fine-tuning and merging in 18 minutes - better than $2500 fine-tuning bootcamps. pick the base -> LoRA or QLoRA -> then DPO or KTO for alignment -> merge two fine-tunes into one stronger model -> ship a model that beats the base on your task. That loop is why Labonne's merges sit at the top of the Hugging Face leaderboard. LoRA + QLoRA + DPO + KTO + mergekit - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then merge your first two fine-tunes this week.

Ex-JPMorgan engineer who wrote the LLM Course explained everything about fine-tuning and merging in 18 minutes - better than $2500 fine-tuning bootcamps. pick the base -> LoRA or QLoRA -> then DPO or KTO for alignment -> merge two fine-tunes into one stronger model -> ship a model that beats the base on your task. That loop is why Labonne's merges sit at the top of the Hugging Face leaderboard. LoRA + QLoRA + DPO + KTO + mergekit - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then merge your first two fine-tunes this week.

h100envy

13,856 views • 1 month ago

CMU PhD who built the kernels NVIDIA now ships in TensorRT-LLM explained fast attention in 68 minutes - better than $1200 GPU programming courses. pick the attention pattern -> generate a fused CUDA kernel -> drop it into vLLM/SGLang -> same GPU, way more tokens per second. That loop is why FlashInfer now powers inference at NVIDIA, vLLM, SGLang, and half the serving stacks you use. FlashInfer + Triton + JIT-compiled kernels + paged-KV attention - that's the stack.

CMU PhD who built the kernels NVIDIA now ships in TensorRT-LLM explained fast attention in 68 minutes - better than $1200 GPU programming courses. pick the attention pattern -> generate a fused CUDA kernel -> drop it into vLLM/SGLang -> same GPU, way more tokens per second. That loop is why FlashInfer now powers inference at NVIDIA, vLLM, SGLang, and half the serving stacks you use. FlashInfer + Triton + JIT-compiled kernels + paged-KV attention - that's the stack.

h100envy

32,605 views • 1 month ago

Google engineer explained how to fine-tune a tiny LLM from 46% to 90% accuracy on your phone in 21 minutes - better than $1500 on-device AI bootcamps. pick Gemma 270M -> generate synthetic task data -> fine-tune with LoRA -> quantize to int4 -> deploy to Pixel and hit 2000 tokens per second. That loop is how a 270M model beats a 70B one on your task, running fully offline in your pocket. Gemma 270M + synthetic data + LoRA + int4 quantization + on-device runtime - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then fine-tune your own tiny agent tonight.

Google engineer explained how to fine-tune a tiny LLM from 46% to 90% accuracy on your phone in 21 minutes - better than $1500 on-device AI bootcamps. pick Gemma 270M -> generate synthetic task data -> fine-tune with LoRA -> quantize to int4 -> deploy to Pixel and hit 2000 tokens per second. That loop is how a 270M model beats a 70B one on your task, running fully offline in your pocket. Gemma 270M + synthetic data + LoRA + int4 quantization + on-device runtime - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then fine-tune your own tiny agent tonight.

h100envy

705,249 views • 1 month ago

Ex-vLLM core contributor explained how to make LLM inference 10x cheaper in 34 minutes - better than $3000 inference optimization bootcamps. request comes in -> check LMCache -> hit? load KV cache from CPU/SSD/remote -> skip prefill -> serve. That loop is why Bloomberg and other production stacks now push 300 terabytes of KV cache per week. LMCache + vLLM + CPU/SSD/remote storage + zero-copy CUDA kernels - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then wire the KV-offload into your inference stack.

Ex-vLLM core contributor explained how to make LLM inference 10x cheaper in 34 minutes - better than $3000 inference optimization bootcamps. request comes in -> check LMCache -> hit? load KV cache from CPU/SSD/remote -> skip prefill -> serve. That loop is why Bloomberg and other production stacks now push 300 terabytes of KV cache per week. LMCache + vLLM + CPU/SSD/remote storage + zero-copy CUDA kernels - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then wire the KV-offload into your inference stack.

h100envy

61,202 views • 1 month ago

The creator of High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) put a number on the AI build that should stop every infra investor cold. A cluster of a million GPUs runs at roughly 10-20% utilization (Save this). Kim Jung-ho spent thirty years building what feeds the GPU, and his claim is that the GPU is barely working. Here is what is actually happening. Every time a model generates output, the data has to be read out of memory, computed, and written back. The read and the write swallow almost the entire cycle. While that data moves, the GPU does nothing. It sits there, fully powered, fully paid for, waiting. By Kim's estimate the memory is doing only about 30 percent of the work it needs to do. The processor idles the rest. So a million installed GPUs run at 10 to 20 percent. You are not compute constrained. You are memory constrained, and the expensive part is standing around. Adding more GPUs does not fix this. It gives you more processors starving for the same data. Here is the part that decides the next decade. Memory can grow. When a cell cannot shrink any further, you stack it into a high-rise, layer on layer. A GPU cannot be stacked. It runs too hot and needs a cooler bolted to its back, so the one move that rescues memory is closed to the processor. The thing that can keep stacking compounds. The thing that cannot plateaus. The marginal dollar in an AI build now buys more by fixing the memory path than by bolting on another idle GPU. Which is why the companies that control memory bandwidth and supply are not suppliers to the AI trade. They are the AI trade.

The creator of High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) put a number on the AI build that should stop every infra investor cold. A cluster of a million GPUs runs at roughly 10-20% utilization (Save this). Kim Jung-ho spent thirty years building what feeds the GPU, and his claim is that the GPU is barely working. Here is what is actually happening. Every time a model generates output, the data has to be read out of memory, computed, and written back. The read and the write swallow almost the entire cycle. While that data moves, the GPU does nothing. It sits there, fully powered, fully paid for, waiting. By Kim's estimate the memory is doing only about 30 percent of the work it needs to do. The processor idles the rest. So a million installed GPUs run at 10 to 20 percent. You are not compute constrained. You are memory constrained, and the expensive part is standing around. Adding more GPUs does not fix this. It gives you more processors starving for the same data. Here is the part that decides the next decade. Memory can grow. When a cell cannot shrink any further, you stack it into a high-rise, layer on layer. A GPU cannot be stacked. It runs too hot and needs a cooler bolted to its back, so the one move that rescues memory is closed to the processor. The thing that can keep stacking compounds. The thing that cannot plateaus. The marginal dollar in an AI build now buys more by fixing the memory path than by bolting on another idle GPU. Which is why the companies that control memory bandwidth and supply are not suppliers to the AI trade. They are the AI trade.

Fireside Alpha

38,370 views • 1 month ago

OpenAI engineer explained every form of fine-tuning in 1 hour 46 minutes - better than $3000 fine-tuning bootcamps. pick your task -> try prompting first -> drop to SFT for style -> run DPO for preference -> run RFT for verifiable rewards -> ship a model 10x cheaper than GPT-5. That loop is why teams that fine-tune beat teams that only prompt on cost and speed. Prompting + SFT + DPO + RFT + OpenAI fine-tuning API - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then pick the right fine-tune for your task this week.

OpenAI engineer explained every form of fine-tuning in 1 hour 46 minutes - better than $3000 fine-tuning bootcamps. pick your task -> try prompting first -> drop to SFT for style -> run DPO for preference -> run RFT for verifiable rewards -> ship a model 10x cheaper than GPT-5. That loop is why teams that fine-tune beat teams that only prompt on cost and speed. Prompting + SFT + DPO + RFT + OpenAI fine-tuning API - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then pick the right fine-tune for your task this week.

h100envy

41,245 views • 1 month ago

Liquid AI's head of post-training explained how they built a small model that runs on-device under 1 GB in 20 minutes - better than $2500 small-model bootcamps. pick LFM2.5 base -> on-policy preference alignment -> agentic reinforcement learning -> curriculum training -> iterative model merging -> ship a 1B model that reliably calls tools on your phone. That loop is why frontier small models now beat 70B models on the tasks that actually matter. LFM2.5 + on-policy DPO + agentic RL + curriculum training + iterative merging - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then run a 1B agent on your phone tonight.

Liquid AI's head of post-training explained how they built a small model that runs on-device under 1 GB in 20 minutes - better than $2500 small-model bootcamps. pick LFM2.5 base -> on-policy preference alignment -> agentic reinforcement learning -> curriculum training -> iterative model merging -> ship a 1B model that reliably calls tools on your phone. That loop is why frontier small models now beat 70B models on the tasks that actually matter. LFM2.5 + on-policy DPO + agentic RL + curriculum training + iterative merging - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then run a 1B agent on your phone tonight.

h100envy

86,254 views • 29 days ago

The creator of Pydantic explained how to make live agents smarter after they ship in 1 hour 21 minutes - better than $2500 agent evals bootcamps. collect traces from your live agent -> score them with an eval -> run GEPA to auto-optimize the prompt -> deploy the winner -> repeat forever. That loop is how Pydantic AI agents self-improve while running in production. Pydantic AI + Logfire tracing + GEPA prompt optimizer + evals + feedback loops - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then wire GEPA into your live agent this week.

The creator of Pydantic explained how to make live agents smarter after they ship in 1 hour 21 minutes - better than $2500 agent evals bootcamps. collect traces from your live agent -> score them with an eval -> run GEPA to auto-optimize the prompt -> deploy the winner -> repeat forever. That loop is how Pydantic AI agents self-improve while running in production. Pydantic AI + Logfire tracing + GEPA prompt optimizer + evals + feedback loops - that's the stack. Watch and save it, then wire GEPA into your live agent this week.

h100envy

49,768 views • 1 month ago

.Beff (e/acc) explains how thermodynamic computing fits into the current computing stack: "We don't do GPUs. They're called TSUs, thermodynamic sampling units. We think people are gonna put them next to GPUs or whatever their favorite accelerator is." "You don't need to run the whole workload on the TSU, but it could run certain parts of the workload, just like the GPU is complementary to the CPU initially." "The TSU is gonna help give you more performance per watt in your data center when combined with existing build-outs." "Let's say you're serving a large diffusion model. What we showed is that by using a TSU, you can use something called an energy-based model instead of a simple probabilistic kernel." "Overall you can have basically 100 times the performance per watt of just running on pure GPUs because our chips are much lower wattage."

.Beff (e/acc) explains how thermodynamic computing fits into the current computing stack: "We don't do GPUs. They're called TSUs, thermodynamic sampling units. We think people are gonna put them next to GPUs or whatever their favorite accelerator is." "You don't need to run the whole workload on the TSU, but it could run certain parts of the workload, just like the GPU is complementary to the CPU initially." "The TSU is gonna help give you more performance per watt in your data center when combined with existing build-outs." "Let's say you're serving a large diffusion model. What we showed is that by using a TSU, you can use something called an energy-based model instead of a simple probabilistic kernel." "Overall you can have basically 100 times the performance per watt of just running on pure GPUs because our chips are much lower wattage."

MTS

42,570 views • 3 months ago

Micron is going to $4,000 and once you understand what inference actually is, the number stops sounding crazy (Save this). Dylan Patel just said that by 2030, OpenAI and Anthropic alone will need over 100 gigawatts of compute combined and by 2040, we may not even be measuring AI infrastructure in gigawatts anymore. We may be talking about terawatts. Every single one of those gigawatts needs memory to function. Without it, the compute is worthless. Most people heard that and thought about Nvidia but they should be thinking about Micron. Every AI model generating a response has two phases. The first is prefill, processing your prompt which is compute-heavy and the second is decode generating each word one token at a time and that phase is almost entirely memory-bound, not compute-bound. During decode, the GPU's processing units sit idle more than 95% of the time, waiting for data to arrive from memory. Google confirmed it in a research paper that decode-phase bottlenecks are dominated by memory bandwidth and capacity not raw compute. The GPU is not the bottleneck but the memory feeding the GPU is. This matters because inference is now where all the money lives. Training a model happens once, Inference happens billions of times a day every ChatGPT response, every Claude output, every agentic workflow running in the background and every one of those token streams is a billing event tied directly to memory performance. Adding more GPUs does not fix this because GPUs are already underutilized in inference because they are sitting idle waiting on memory. Adding more memory bandwidth and capacity is what directly reduces token cost, reduces latency, and allows the same cluster to serve dramatically more users simultaneously. Longer context windows compound the problem further, a model running a 1 million token context window requires dramatically more memory per session than a 10,000 token window, and every new model generation pushes context longer. The market treats memory as a downstream beneficiary of Nvidia orders. The correct framework is the opposite, Micron is the upstream constraint on how much value every Nvidia GPU can actually generate at inference scale. Micron guided Q4 to $50 billion in revenue, has HBM4 ramping at twice the pace of the prior generation, and CEO Sanjay Mehrotra has said supply will not catch demand before the end of 2027. At 8x forward earnings on $112 projected FY2027 EPS, Micron is the most undervalued infrastructure company in the entire AI stack. Inference is memory. Memory is Micron and the inference ramp has barely started. Milk Road Pro members are already up massively on this position and we're just getting started. If you want the full breakdown of what we're buying and why, come join us for just a dollar using the link below!

Micron is going to $4,000 and once you understand what inference actually is, the number stops sounding crazy (Save this). Dylan Patel just said that by 2030, OpenAI and Anthropic alone will need over 100 gigawatts of compute combined and by 2040, we may not even be measuring AI infrastructure in gigawatts anymore. We may be talking about terawatts. Every single one of those gigawatts needs memory to function. Without it, the compute is worthless. Most people heard that and thought about Nvidia but they should be thinking about Micron. Every AI model generating a response has two phases. The first is prefill, processing your prompt which is compute-heavy and the second is decode generating each word one token at a time and that phase is almost entirely memory-bound, not compute-bound. During decode, the GPU's processing units sit idle more than 95% of the time, waiting for data to arrive from memory. Google confirmed it in a research paper that decode-phase bottlenecks are dominated by memory bandwidth and capacity not raw compute. The GPU is not the bottleneck but the memory feeding the GPU is. This matters because inference is now where all the money lives. Training a model happens once, Inference happens billions of times a day every ChatGPT response, every Claude output, every agentic workflow running in the background and every one of those token streams is a billing event tied directly to memory performance. Adding more GPUs does not fix this because GPUs are already underutilized in inference because they are sitting idle waiting on memory. Adding more memory bandwidth and capacity is what directly reduces token cost, reduces latency, and allows the same cluster to serve dramatically more users simultaneously. Longer context windows compound the problem further, a model running a 1 million token context window requires dramatically more memory per session than a 10,000 token window, and every new model generation pushes context longer. The market treats memory as a downstream beneficiary of Nvidia orders. The correct framework is the opposite, Micron is the upstream constraint on how much value every Nvidia GPU can actually generate at inference scale. Micron guided Q4 to $50 billion in revenue, has HBM4 ramping at twice the pace of the prior generation, and CEO Sanjay Mehrotra has said supply will not catch demand before the end of 2027. At 8x forward earnings on $112 projected FY2027 EPS, Micron is the most undervalued infrastructure company in the entire AI stack. Inference is memory. Memory is Micron and the inference ramp has barely started. Milk Road Pro members are already up massively on this position and we're just getting started. If you want the full breakdown of what we're buying and why, come join us for just a dollar using the link below!

Milk Road AI

128,678 views • 1 month ago

OPENAI PAYS NVIDIA $30K PER H100. INTEL SELLS THE SAME 32GB VRAM IN A $950 ARC PRO B70. HE STACKED 2 AND RUNS OPUS-5 LOCALLY FOR $3/MONTH buy 2 intel arc pro b70 for $1,900 -> plug them into any dual-x8 pcie motherboard -> boot ubuntu 26.04 -> gpus recognized instantly -> load a q4 moe model like qwen 35b-a3b -> run 64gb of local ai for $3/month in electricity that loop is why nvidia's 5090 monopoly on 32gb vram just quietly cracked and openai's inference costs are about to look ridiculous 2x intel arc pro b70 + asrock taichi lite + ryzen 5 9600 + 64gb ddr5 + ubuntu 26.04 + intel's ipex stack - that's the stack watch and save it, then order your first b70 this weekend

OPENAI PAYS NVIDIA $30K PER H100. INTEL SELLS THE SAME 32GB VRAM IN A $950 ARC PRO B70. HE STACKED 2 AND RUNS OPUS-5 LOCALLY FOR $3/MONTH buy 2 intel arc pro b70 for $1,900 -> plug them into any dual-x8 pcie motherboard -> boot ubuntu 26.04 -> gpus recognized instantly -> load a q4 moe model like qwen 35b-a3b -> run 64gb of local ai for $3/month in electricity that loop is why nvidia's 5090 monopoly on 32gb vram just quietly cracked and openai's inference costs are about to look ridiculous 2x intel arc pro b70 + asrock taichi lite + ryzen 5 9600 + 64gb ddr5 + ubuntu 26.04 + intel's ipex stack - that's the stack watch and save it, then order your first b70 this weekend

Antid

28,739 views • 1 month ago

Etched is deploying two new technologies in chip design: low-voltage inference and cluster-scale memory. CEO Gavin Uberti says they'll make their chips much more power-efficient and way, way faster than today's leading GPUs. He breaks it down: "We looked at a lot of early research directions, and we realized the key things that models need are way more compute and way faster memory." "If you think about inference, there are two key parts: prefill and decode. For prefill, it's a compute-bound problem. You need to have more FLOPS, more operations per second on each of your chips." "On our GPU, the bottleneck's actually thermals. You can't really run a GPU at more than around 50% of what it could theoretically do, or it'll melt." "So we're using a new technology today called low-voltage inference to try to solve this problem. You bring the voltage of the chip down dramatically, which allows us to have way, way better efficiency in terms of how much power is drawn per unit of math, and thus fit way way more flops onto the chip..." "For decode, it's all about bandwidth. Not just bandwidth on a chip, but bandwidth across your cluster. That's why we have this technology we call cluster-scale memory. It reduces the amount of time it takes to communicate from one chip to another dramatically." "As a result we can go use all of our HBM, HBM bandwidth, SRAM, SRAM bandwidth, and our scale-up domain as a single coherent pool. And that means if you're a user, you can go get much faster tokens per second, while still keeping your costs low."

Etched is deploying two new technologies in chip design: low-voltage inference and cluster-scale memory. CEO Gavin Uberti says they'll make their chips much more power-efficient and way, way faster than today's leading GPUs. He breaks it down: "We looked at a lot of early research directions, and we realized the key things that models need are way more compute and way faster memory." "If you think about inference, there are two key parts: prefill and decode. For prefill, it's a compute-bound problem. You need to have more FLOPS, more operations per second on each of your chips." "On our GPU, the bottleneck's actually thermals. You can't really run a GPU at more than around 50% of what it could theoretically do, or it'll melt." "So we're using a new technology today called low-voltage inference to try to solve this problem. You bring the voltage of the chip down dramatically, which allows us to have way, way better efficiency in terms of how much power is drawn per unit of math, and thus fit way way more flops onto the chip..." "For decode, it's all about bandwidth. Not just bandwidth on a chip, but bandwidth across your cluster. That's why we have this technology we call cluster-scale memory. It reduces the amount of time it takes to communicate from one chip to another dramatically." "As a result we can go use all of our HBM, HBM bandwidth, SRAM, SRAM bandwidth, and our scale-up domain as a single coherent pool. And that means if you're a user, you can go get much faster tokens per second, while still keeping your costs low."

TBPN

20,404 views • 1 month ago

Dylan Patel on the importance of memory and storage Two key quotes: "An $NVDA GPU is faster than an $AMD GPU in most cases, but because AMD GPUs have more memory, they can outperform Nvidia in certain workloads." “It is a difficult, multivariable problem. Generally, you need the best GPU, such as a GB300, but you also need the best storage solutions. I will not spoil who comes out on top, but storage solutions matter a lot, memory solutions matter a lot, and frontend networking also matters significantly" Full Quote: “We have over $80 million of compute: GPUs from $NVDA and $AMD, TPUs from Google, and Trainium from Amazon. We constantly run this benchmark using the newest inference engines, drivers, PyTorch versions, and other software. It runs every day through automated CI across the latest Chinese models from GLM, Zhipu, Moonshot, Kimi, Alibaba, and others. Initially, when we were benchmarking the differences between these chips, inference engines, and parallelism schemes, we used fixed context lengths. But with Agent X, we have now analyzed more than $5 million worth of Claude Code traces. This is real production traffic that users have donated to us, combined with internally generated data, so we now understand what an actual agent workload looks like. When we implement those workloads and run the benchmarks, it turns out that the chip you are using is very important, but how you handle memory offload can be even more important. An Nvidia GPU is faster than an AMD GPU in most cases, but because AMD GPUs have more memory, they can outperform Nvidia in certain workloads. Similarly, you can use a less powerful GPU with a much better storage solution and outperform the best GPU when it lacks those solutions. Simply buying the newest GPU does not necessarily give you the best inference economics. You need to layer in other innovations, including storage and memory.” Interviewer: “Who is the top player on your chart? Can you tell us?” Dylan Patel: “It is a difficult, multivariable problem. Generally, you need the best GPU, such as a GB300, but you also need the best storage solutions. I will not spoil who comes out on top, but storage solutions matter a lot, memory solutions matter a lot, and frontend networking also matters significantly.”

Dylan Patel on the importance of memory and storage Two key quotes: "An $NVDA GPU is faster than an $AMD GPU in most cases, but because AMD GPUs have more memory, they can outperform Nvidia in certain workloads." “It is a difficult, multivariable problem. Generally, you need the best GPU, such as a GB300, but you also need the best storage solutions. I will not spoil who comes out on top, but storage solutions matter a lot, memory solutions matter a lot, and frontend networking also matters significantly" Full Quote: “We have over $80 million of compute: GPUs from $NVDA and $AMD, TPUs from Google, and Trainium from Amazon. We constantly run this benchmark using the newest inference engines, drivers, PyTorch versions, and other software. It runs every day through automated CI across the latest Chinese models from GLM, Zhipu, Moonshot, Kimi, Alibaba, and others. Initially, when we were benchmarking the differences between these chips, inference engines, and parallelism schemes, we used fixed context lengths. But with Agent X, we have now analyzed more than $5 million worth of Claude Code traces. This is real production traffic that users have donated to us, combined with internally generated data, so we now understand what an actual agent workload looks like. When we implement those workloads and run the benchmarks, it turns out that the chip you are using is very important, but how you handle memory offload can be even more important. An Nvidia GPU is faster than an AMD GPU in most cases, but because AMD GPUs have more memory, they can outperform Nvidia in certain workloads. Similarly, you can use a less powerful GPU with a much better storage solution and outperform the best GPU when it lacks those solutions. Simply buying the newest GPU does not necessarily give you the best inference economics. You need to layer in other innovations, including storage and memory.” Interviewer: “Who is the top player on your chart? Can you tell us?” Dylan Patel: “It is a difficult, multivariable problem. Generally, you need the best GPU, such as a GB300, but you also need the best storage solutions. I will not spoil who comes out on top, but storage solutions matter a lot, memory solutions matter a lot, and frontend networking also matters significantly.”

Daniel Romero

38,220 views • 1 month ago