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Most runners under-load their calves. Heavy calf raises fix that. Runners usually do bodyweight single-leg raises and call it done. But your Achilles tendon takes massive load every stride. Bodyweight isn't enough stimulus to make it stronger. Heavy load is what drives the adaptation. I do these on leg...

31,153 просмотров • 3 месяцев назад •via X (Twitter)

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"Lift lighter as you get older. Protect your joints." The standard advice. The wrong advice. What heavy lifting actually does for an ageing body: - Builds tendon stiffness, which protects joints rather than wearing them - Maintains the high threshold motor units that are first to disappear with age - Stimulates bone density, the thing osteoporosis attacks - Develops the strength reserve that keeps you independent at 80 What high reps do for an ageing body: - Generate more total fatigue per session - Take longer to recover from (a problem that compounds with age) - Do nothing for tendon stiffness - Do nothing for fast twitch preservation - Make you tired without making you strong Recovery capacity declines with age. The worst thing you can do is pick the more fatiguing option and call it gentle. The actual protocol: - Heavy enough to challenge the muscle (4-6 reps, near failure) - Machines for most of the work (less spinal load, less balance demand, more stimulus to the muscle, less risk) - Skip the 1RM testing, skip the maxing out on barbell squats and deadlifts - That isn't where the magic was anyway You don't need to max out a barbell to lift heavy. You need to challenge the muscle with a load it respects. The leg press at 200kg does this. The hack squat does this. The chest-supported row does this. None of them are ego lifts. All of them are heavy. Lifting lighter to "protect" your joints is how you arrive at 75 unable to stand up from a chair. Lifting heavy on machines is how you arrive at 75 carrying your own shopping.

Sama Hoole

35,515 просмотров • 2 месяцев назад

Somewhere around sixty you get handed a new set of instructions. Lift lighter. Keep the reps high. Do not tax yourself too much. Put the saved effort into cardio. It is the exact reverse of what an ageing body needs, and the people handing it out have the mechanism sitting right in front of them. Recovery gets worse with age. Nobody argues with that. The older body clears fatigue more slowly, repairs more slowly, and tolerates far less accumulated work before progress stops entirely. Every GP, every physio, every trainer will nod along to that sentence. Then watch what gets prescribed on the back of it. High reps. Long burning sets. Circuits. Three sessions of cardio stacked on top. A protocol whose main product is fatigue, given to the person with the least capacity left to absorb any. They identified a recovery problem and prescribed more recovery cost. The answer runs the other way and it is not complicated. If your recovery budget has shrunk, you spend it on whatever returns the most growth per unit of fatigue, and that is a heavy set of five. Four to six reps, a handful of lifts, three minutes between sets, done inside the hour. Nearly every rep is a growth rep. Almost nothing goes on the burning, the sweating and the gasping, which build nothing at all and then bill you for four days. Twenty-five reps taken to failure is a fortnight of fatigue for a fraction of the stimulus. That is not the cautious option for a sixty-five-year-old. It is the most reckless thing on the timetable. Now the part that actually matters. Ageing is not one process. It is a list. Muscle wastes. Bone thins. Tendon softens. The fast fibres that catch you when the pavement arrives early vanish first while the slow ones sit there in perfect health. Motor units drop out. The nervous system stops asking for full effort because nothing has demanded full effort in fifteen years. Read that list back and tell me what heavy resistance training does. It builds muscle. It loads bone, which is the only language bone speaks. It stiffens tendon. It recruits the fast fibres, because that is what heavy means physiologically and there is no other route in. It forces the nervous system to ask for everything again. Every item on the list of what ageing takes is on the list of what a heavy set gives back. Nothing else on earth does that. Not a walk, not a class, not a pill, not twenty minutes on a machine with the paper open. You were told to go gently because somebody quietly decided you were finishing. Go heavy, because you are not.

Sama Hoole

16,526 просмотров • 10 дней назад

Strength work for Leadville 100 💪 Over the years, I have felt judged by the research--my strength routines were limited to a few minutes at a time, while everyone was screaming at me from their Abstracts that I needed to do way more. I noticed two big problems whenever I committed to more resistance training: 1. I'd carry around soreness even after the initial adaptation window, likely corresponding to high CK levels and some background inflammation. Either way, it would reduce running economy on subsequent running training days, and every training day counts. Split squats are the ultimate offender--an exercise that I know I should be doing, but I can't without feeling like Forrest Gump after he was shot in the butt. 2. I just wouldn't do it. Oops. With lots of guessing and testing, I developed this routine, which I'd do after my easy run on Sunday (before a Monday rest day), and sometimes after my workout on Wednesday (if I felt like it): 1. Three Minute Mountain Legs, working up to 100 single-leg step-ups (I think step-ups in particular are a magic exercise for running uphill. But remember, magic is not equal to science): 2. Back squats, 2 sets of 10 (135 pounds for me, which I make look like 800 pounds in this video. The 17-year old me who played football would laugh so hard) 3. Back extensions, 2 sets of 30, engaging glutes and hamstrings 4. Single-leg calf raises, 1 set of 100 on each leg, with a 35 pound dumbbell 5. Every day, I do the 2-minute Core Snack routine 1-3 times. My core strength is one of my best attributes for ultras, and I can do the Core Snack with our toddler Leo. I also do daily band work before running (bandz a make me dance): That's it! I also foam roll and stretch daily (don't tell the researchers, but I am a tight boi and as soon as I stop stretching, I get hurt). The lesson is not to do this particular routine, but that strength training for runners can be based on individual needs. And I personally think that routines should be short and efficient for both performance (limiting breakdown) and adherence (limiting me from being a lazy little punk). Find what works for you, do it 1-2 times per week year round (on top of some daily supportive work), and don't feel the need to pursue progressive overload. It's not about getting stronger and stronger (unless you're into that sort of thing for its own sake, which I think will sacrifice some running growth). It's about supporting performance and health 🧡

David Roche

66,419 просмотров • 1 год назад

This post about bench press safety escaped containment and got a lot of people commenting in disagreement that safeties/spotter arms would've saved him. And in truth, my language below was a little too absolute: safeties MIGHT have saved his life (though even if so, would not have prevented all damage), but it's far from certain that they would have, so I stand by the overall sentiment. I will explain in detail below. The spotter arms have to be set below the top of your arched chest or else they’ll interfere with every rep - you'll clang the bar on the safeties, which not only severely interrupts proper technique and performance, but can also be potentially injurious in its own right as the clanging against the safeties takes you out of the rhythm of the rep and leads to uneven and chaotic force application demands mid-rep. The safeties can’t be set a mere milimeter or even a half inch below the chest: both because most racks have 2-3 inch hole spacings that don't allow such finely calibrated setting, but even if they do - also because as a gross movement pattern, not a fine movement pattern, you can’t control the movement of the bar precisely and accurately enough not to clang the safeties if they’re so close to your chest. Human beings performing gross movement patterns simply lack such fine control: on heavy sets, the bar might be slightly uneven on one side, you might lose a touch of your arch over the course of the set, etc... and end up clanging the safeties anyway, if they're set so close to the top of your arched chest. These issues are not form errors that can be prevented with proper training, but are inherent limitations in the human capability to control gross motor pattern movements at a heavy weight. Thus, the safeties have to be far enough below your chest in order to not interfere with the set itself, such that they can’t possibly catch the bar before it hits your chest in the case of a sudden catastrophic drop. The proper placement for the safeties is far enough below your chest so as not to interfere with the normal execution of the set and so the bar never touches the safeties at all during the set, even with the inherent human limitations of gross motor pattern control. But high enough such tha - if you find yourself unable to successfully press the bar to lockout - you can bring the bar under control back down to your chest, exhale and drop your arch, and the bar will ideally now rest on the safeties instead of your chest and you can crawl and slither out from under it. Worst case, you can roll the bar slightly upwards and the safeties will soon take it, well before it would lie on your neck. I have an example of using the safeties this way in the video below, with 485 lbs. The ability to set this position with precision and accuracy depends on the equipment you're using: Some racks/benches have 1 inch spacings for this purpose, which is excellent and allows greater precision in safety placement, but most common racks have 2-3 inches between holes and thus people must often have the safeties a little lower than they'd ideally be. The main point is the proper use and purpose of safeties in the bench press is not really to catch a very rare catastrophic sudden drop onto your chest, but to allow you to survive the much more common situation of a normal failed rep. Could they theoretically save your life in such a situation where you drop it? Yes, they might. They won't stop the bar before it hits your chest but they might reduce the impact by stopping the bar from going further down and reducing the impact. This may or may not save your life in this rare catastrophic drop situation - it's good to have them there, set up anyway, but it's far from a sure bet. The most important things you can do are to learn and practice good technique, which involves stiff wrists in a very slightly bent back position, and thumbs around the barbell - NO SUICIDE GRIP. The safeties won't catch the bar and stop it from hitting your chest, so it's best to reduce the chances of dropping the bar on your chest from almost zero to even closer to almost zero. I've been bench pressing regularly for well over 20 years, always put my thumbs around the bar, and have never dropped it on myself. Nor has anyone I have coached to the best of my memory, over tens of thousands of sets and hundreds of thousands of reps. I have used safeties to successfully avoid getting trapped under the bar after a failed rep. In the video below, I tweaked my pec while pushing through a rep at 485 and had to set the bar on the pins to avoid getting trapped under it. This kind of situation is the primary use for the safeties. It's good to have them set up regardless - they might indeed save you if you somehow still manage to drop the bar, but they also very well might not.

Deep Squats, Shallow Thoughts

924,757 просмотров • 8 месяцев назад

There is not a muscle on the body that needs high reps to see its best growth. This is basic physiology. Yes, muscles vary in their ratio of slow to fast twitch fibres. It doesn't matter, for two reasons: 1. Slow twitch fibres reach their ceiling early. They are not the limiting factor. 2. As you approach failure, every fibre is recruited regardless. The body does not leave capacity sitting idle when it thinks it's about to fail. Here is what actually drives hypertrophy: involuntary slow contractions. The point in a set where the concentric is grinding, the bar speed is dropping, and the muscle is being forced to recruit everything it has just to complete the rep. That is mechanical tension. That is the growth signal. It only exists in the final five or so reps before failure. Everything before that is your body coasting on the fibres it was already using. Some muscles tolerate high reps better than others. Calves are the classic example. But tolerating junk reps is not the same as benefiting from them. It just means the damage is less visible. The reps are still junk. If you are living in the 8-plus rep range, most of your set is happening nowhere near that zone of involuntary contraction. You are accumulating fatigue, impairing recovery, reducing training frequency, and spending more time under the bar: in exchange for a growth stimulus you could have captured in a fraction of the reps. More reps past the point of failure proximity is not more stimulus. It is just more cost.

Sama Hoole

15,967 просмотров • 3 месяцев назад

When you train in the 10-12 rep range, most of your reps have no direct effect on growth. When you train in the 4-6 range, virtually all of your reps are growth reps. Both ranges can build muscle. The mechanism doesn't care about the rep count. It cares about how close you get to true failure on the reps where the high-threshold motor units are recruited and every available fibre is firing. Those are the stimulating reps. Everything else is filler. The catch with 10-12 is twofold. First, only the last 4-5 reps in a 12-rep set are actually stimulating. The first seven are buffer. They generate fatigue, lactic acid, and joint wear that the muscle has to push through before any growth signal arrives. Effort, yes. Stimulus, no. Second, and this is where the high-rep crowd quietly come undone: the long set produces so much afferent feedback (burning, gasping, the legs giving a small philosophical speech) that almost nobody actually takes the set to true failure. They stop two, three, sometimes four reps short, mistake the discomfort for the limit, and call it a hard set. The stimulating reps they were chasing never showed up. A set of 6 doesn't allow that confusion. Failure is mechanical. The weight either moves or it doesn't. No interpretive dance required. You'll grow on 10-12. You'll grow more on 4-6, with less joint wear, less recovery debt, and considerably less guesswork. One range tolerates your mistakes. The other doesn't have room for them.

Sama Hoole

62,986 просмотров • 2 месяцев назад