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Randall keeps the argument grounded in Plato rather than speculation. What the dialogues describe is a maritime culture - one with navigational capabilities comparable to the Minoans or the Phoenicians, perhaps an order of magnitude beyond them. That is the baseline. Nothing supernatural. Just Ice Age seafarers who were...

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Randall Carlson

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15,309 次观看 • 5 个月前 •via X (Twitter)

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The question of Atlantis has always been treated as mythology. Randall approaches it as a geological problem - and he has a specific answer. The most likely candidate, in his assessment, is the Azores microcontinent, a submerged landmass roughly the size of Iceland sitting along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at the triple plate junction where the Eurasian, North American, and African plates converge. That location is not speculative. It is one of the most geologically dynamic points on the planet's surface. What moves the argument from interesting to empirically grounded is the data Randall cites. There is measurable evidence suggesting the Azores microcontinent was above sea level during the late glacial maximum - the period before the ice sheets melted and redistributed their mass into the world's oceans. The process Randall describes is the same one operating at Hudson Bay - trillions of tons of glacial weight transferring into the North Atlantic, forcing the sea bottom to adjust as the geoid constantly works to reestablish equilibrium. That adjustment didn't just raise some landmasses. It submerged others. Randall’s argument is that the Azores microcontinent was one of them - and that what went beneath the water when the ice melted may be exactly what Plato was describing.
0:45

The question of Atlantis has always been treated as mythology. Randall approaches it as a geological problem - and he has a specific answer. The most likely candidate, in his assessment, is the Azores microcontinent, a submerged landmass roughly the size of Iceland sitting along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at the triple plate junction where the Eurasian, North American, and African plates converge. That location is not speculative. It is one of the most geologically dynamic points on the planet's surface. What moves the argument from interesting to empirically grounded is the data Randall cites. There is measurable evidence suggesting the Azores microcontinent was above sea level during the late glacial maximum - the period before the ice sheets melted and redistributed their mass into the world's oceans. The process Randall describes is the same one operating at Hudson Bay - trillions of tons of glacial weight transferring into the North Atlantic, forcing the sea bottom to adjust as the geoid constantly works to reestablish equilibrium. That adjustment didn't just raise some landmasses. It submerged others. Randall’s argument is that the Azores microcontinent was one of them - and that what went beneath the water when the ice melted may be exactly what Plato was describing.

Randall Carlson

18,234 次观看 • 6 个月前

At the peak of the last ice age, North America was covered by not one but two separate and massive ice sheets - distinct from the Greenland ice sheet which was an entity unto itself. The Laurentide was the larger of the two - roughly equivalent in size to the ice sheet that currently covers Antarctica. Its center was positioned over Hudson Bay and it extended all the way to the flanks of the Rocky Mountains in western Canada. The second ice sheet - the Cordilleran - stretched from northern Idaho and Washington State all the way up through British Columbia to Alaska, reaching a scale comparable to the modern Greenland ice sheet. The combined weight, volume, and geographic coverage of these two ice sheets is almost impossible to fully visualize from the landscape that exists today. Randall is building toward the question that the existence of these ice sheets inevitably raises - how long were they there, and what happened when they were gone. The answer to that second question is the foundation of everything Randall has been documenting throughout his research into catastrophic floods, sea level rise, isostatic rebound, and the civilizations that existed beneath and beside them before the ice collapsed. RANDALL AT QUEST FOR ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS Get your exclusive ticket in the Randall Carlson dedicated seating section at Quest for Ancient Civilizations in Sedona, May 1-3, 2026:
0:40

At the peak of the last ice age, North America was covered by not one but two separate and massive ice sheets - distinct from the Greenland ice sheet which was an entity unto itself. The Laurentide was the larger of the two - roughly equivalent in size to the ice sheet that currently covers Antarctica. Its center was positioned over Hudson Bay and it extended all the way to the flanks of the Rocky Mountains in western Canada. The second ice sheet - the Cordilleran - stretched from northern Idaho and Washington State all the way up through British Columbia to Alaska, reaching a scale comparable to the modern Greenland ice sheet. The combined weight, volume, and geographic coverage of these two ice sheets is almost impossible to fully visualize from the landscape that exists today. Randall is building toward the question that the existence of these ice sheets inevitably raises - how long were they there, and what happened when they were gone. The answer to that second question is the foundation of everything Randall has been documenting throughout his research into catastrophic floods, sea level rise, isostatic rebound, and the civilizations that existed beneath and beside them before the ice collapsed. RANDALL AT QUEST FOR ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS Get your exclusive ticket in the Randall Carlson dedicated seating section at Quest for Ancient Civilizations in Sedona, May 1-3, 2026:

Randall Carlson

18,072 次观看 • 5 个月前

Randall Carlson reconstructs the hydrology of the North American meltdown in terms that make the scale of the event viscerally clear. Throughout the Ice Age, seasonal melting was already producing water volumes far exceeding anything in the modern Mississippi system. When the great meltdown began in earnest, that volume multiplied dramatically. The Mississippi was not acting alone. The Minnesota River, the Ohio River, and the Missouri River were all simultaneously carrying massively augmented meltwater flows - glacial outbursts and seasonal discharge on a scale that has no modern equivalent - and feeding all of it into the Mississippi. The river was moving an enormous sediment load southward under that volume of water, and when it reached the Gulf of Mexico it encountered a standing body of water. The energy that had been carrying sediment in suspension suddenly dissipated, and the sediment dropped. The delta began to build. What the diverse environmental indicators preserved in that sediment record show is the speed of what followed. Earth's climate did not gradually drift toward modern conditions over tens of thousands of years. Randall cites evidence suggesting the transition from Ice Age conditions to something approximating the modern climate occurred in less than a millennium - a geological instant that compressed an enormous climatic shift into a timeframe that human populations alive at the time would have experienced within a handful of generations. Join Randall for his upcoming Finger Lakes Tour, Aug 30 - Sep 5, 2026:
0:52

Randall Carlson reconstructs the hydrology of the North American meltdown in terms that make the scale of the event viscerally clear. Throughout the Ice Age, seasonal melting was already producing water volumes far exceeding anything in the modern Mississippi system. When the great meltdown began in earnest, that volume multiplied dramatically. The Mississippi was not acting alone. The Minnesota River, the Ohio River, and the Missouri River were all simultaneously carrying massively augmented meltwater flows - glacial outbursts and seasonal discharge on a scale that has no modern equivalent - and feeding all of it into the Mississippi. The river was moving an enormous sediment load southward under that volume of water, and when it reached the Gulf of Mexico it encountered a standing body of water. The energy that had been carrying sediment in suspension suddenly dissipated, and the sediment dropped. The delta began to build. What the diverse environmental indicators preserved in that sediment record show is the speed of what followed. Earth's climate did not gradually drift toward modern conditions over tens of thousands of years. Randall cites evidence suggesting the transition from Ice Age conditions to something approximating the modern climate occurred in less than a millennium - a geological instant that compressed an enormous climatic shift into a timeframe that human populations alive at the time would have experienced within a handful of generations. Join Randall for his upcoming Finger Lakes Tour, Aug 30 - Sep 5, 2026:

Randall Carlson

24,519 次观看 • 5 个月前

Standing at a ridge in the Columbia Valley, Randall Carlson describes what this landscape looked like at the peak of the Ice Age floods - a churning, turbulent mass of water approximately 200 feet deep, choked with thousands of icebergs, moving toward you with enough force to pour over a ridge flanked by 400-foot walls. The scale is almost impossible to hold in the mind. This was not a river in flood. It was an inland sea in violent motion, ripping through the landscape at a speed and volume that left permanent marks on the geology of the entire Pacific Northwest. The key to reading flood geology, Randall explains, is understanding that erosion and deposition are two halves of the same process. The floodwaters excavated material from one location - tearing up bedrock, stripping soil, carving channels - and that material had to go somewhere. Learning to correlate what was ripped from a given location with where it eventually settled is how geologists reconstruct the path, the volume, and the violence of a flood that left no human witnesses. Join Randall for his upcoming Finger Lakes Tour, Aug 30 - Sep 5, 2026:
0:46

Standing at a ridge in the Columbia Valley, Randall Carlson describes what this landscape looked like at the peak of the Ice Age floods - a churning, turbulent mass of water approximately 200 feet deep, choked with thousands of icebergs, moving toward you with enough force to pour over a ridge flanked by 400-foot walls. The scale is almost impossible to hold in the mind. This was not a river in flood. It was an inland sea in violent motion, ripping through the landscape at a speed and volume that left permanent marks on the geology of the entire Pacific Northwest. The key to reading flood geology, Randall explains, is understanding that erosion and deposition are two halves of the same process. The floodwaters excavated material from one location - tearing up bedrock, stripping soil, carving channels - and that material had to go somewhere. Learning to correlate what was ripped from a given location with where it eventually settled is how geologists reconstruct the path, the volume, and the violence of a flood that left no human witnesses. Join Randall for his upcoming Finger Lakes Tour, Aug 30 - Sep 5, 2026:

Randall Carlson

16,223 次观看 • 4 个月前

The terminal moraines left by Little Ice Age glaciers are preserved across the landscape worldwide, and what they show is unambiguous - those glaciers reached their greatest extent since the end of the great Ice Age approximately 11,000 years ago. The Little Ice Age represented a cold extreme within the Holocene, not a neutral mid-point in a stable climate system. Randall Carlson's argument is geological rather than political. When sea level rise and temperature increase are measured against a baseline drawn from the end of the Little Ice Age, that baseline sits at one of the coldest points of the last 10,000 years. A return from an anomalous cold extreme toward the warmer conditions that characterised most of the Holocene will, by definition, produce an upward curve on any graph. Understanding what that curve actually represents - a recovery from a cold outlier or something genuinely unprecedented - requires placing it within the full context of natural climate variability over deep time. The terminal moraines are part of that context, and they are rarely part of the conversation.
0:53

The terminal moraines left by Little Ice Age glaciers are preserved across the landscape worldwide, and what they show is unambiguous - those glaciers reached their greatest extent since the end of the great Ice Age approximately 11,000 years ago. The Little Ice Age represented a cold extreme within the Holocene, not a neutral mid-point in a stable climate system. Randall Carlson's argument is geological rather than political. When sea level rise and temperature increase are measured against a baseline drawn from the end of the Little Ice Age, that baseline sits at one of the coldest points of the last 10,000 years. A return from an anomalous cold extreme toward the warmer conditions that characterised most of the Holocene will, by definition, produce an upward curve on any graph. Understanding what that curve actually represents - a recovery from a cold outlier or something genuinely unprecedented - requires placing it within the full context of natural climate variability over deep time. The terminal moraines are part of that context, and they are rarely part of the conversation.

Randall Carlson

25,152 次观看 • 4 个月前

During the last ice age, sea levels were approximately 400 feet lower than today - and the continental shelves that are now submerged were exposed land. Randall identifies those coastal zones as the optimum location for ancient communities. Access to marine resources and terrestrial resources simultaneously made the coastlines of the ice age world the most productive and habitable environments available. If advanced communities existed in the late Pleistocene, that is almost certainly where they were concentrated. The problem is what happened next. A 400 foot rise in sea level put those coastlines under 400 feet of water - permanently. Any coastal civilization that survived the climatic transition faced an additional and more immediate threat. Ocean impacts are statistically nearly three times more likely than land impacts, and an object striking the ocean generates tsunamis that can reach hundreds of feet in height when they make landfall. Without early warning technology, Randall states plainly - you are toast. The combination of catastrophic sea level rise and the tsunami threat from ocean impacts created conditions that would have systematically destroyed the most densely populated and resource-rich zones of the ancient world, leaving almost nothing for future archaeologists to find. Ready to see the megaflood evidence for yourself? Click here to join Randall in the Finger Lakes! 👇
0:46

During the last ice age, sea levels were approximately 400 feet lower than today - and the continental shelves that are now submerged were exposed land. Randall identifies those coastal zones as the optimum location for ancient communities. Access to marine resources and terrestrial resources simultaneously made the coastlines of the ice age world the most productive and habitable environments available. If advanced communities existed in the late Pleistocene, that is almost certainly where they were concentrated. The problem is what happened next. A 400 foot rise in sea level put those coastlines under 400 feet of water - permanently. Any coastal civilization that survived the climatic transition faced an additional and more immediate threat. Ocean impacts are statistically nearly three times more likely than land impacts, and an object striking the ocean generates tsunamis that can reach hundreds of feet in height when they make landfall. Without early warning technology, Randall states plainly - you are toast. The combination of catastrophic sea level rise and the tsunami threat from ocean impacts created conditions that would have systematically destroyed the most densely populated and resource-rich zones of the ancient world, leaving almost nothing for future archaeologists to find. Ready to see the megaflood evidence for yourself? Click here to join Randall in the Finger Lakes! 👇

Randall Carlson

19,481 次观看 • 5 个月前

Start with a single cubic mile of ice and convert it instantaneously to water. The flood that produces would be enormous by any human standard. Now multiply that by six million - the estimated volume of glacial ice sitting on the continental landmasses of North America and Eurasia at the peak of the last Ice Age. All of it is gone now. The question Randall Carlson forces is deceptively simple: how fast did it go? If that volume of ice melted gradually over 50,000 or 100,000 years, the resulting sea level rise and meltwater discharge would be spread thinly enough across time to look almost imperceptible in any given century. But if the same six million cubic miles of ice melted over three, four, or five thousand years - as the evidence increasingly suggests - the implications are categorically different. The meltwater pulses, the catastrophic floods, the rapid sea level rises recorded in the geological record all point toward a process that was far faster and far more violent than the gradualist model has ever been comfortable acknowledging. The ice did not gently fade. It collapsed. Join Randall in the field in New York State for his Finger Lakes Tour, Aug 30 - Sep 5, 2026:
0:38

Start with a single cubic mile of ice and convert it instantaneously to water. The flood that produces would be enormous by any human standard. Now multiply that by six million - the estimated volume of glacial ice sitting on the continental landmasses of North America and Eurasia at the peak of the last Ice Age. All of it is gone now. The question Randall Carlson forces is deceptively simple: how fast did it go? If that volume of ice melted gradually over 50,000 or 100,000 years, the resulting sea level rise and meltwater discharge would be spread thinly enough across time to look almost imperceptible in any given century. But if the same six million cubic miles of ice melted over three, four, or five thousand years - as the evidence increasingly suggests - the implications are categorically different. The meltwater pulses, the catastrophic floods, the rapid sea level rises recorded in the geological record all point toward a process that was far faster and far more violent than the gradualist model has ever been comfortable acknowledging. The ice did not gently fade. It collapsed. Join Randall in the field in New York State for his Finger Lakes Tour, Aug 30 - Sep 5, 2026:

Randall Carlson

99,091 次观看 • 4 个月前

New discoveries reveal that the massive ice sheets covering North America and Europe during the Ice Age—equal to double the ice in Greenland and Antarctica today—melted much faster than previously believed. Early assumptions of a 30,000-50,000 year melt were challenged by radiocarbon dating, showing rapid ice growth and disappearance.
0:51

New discoveries reveal that the massive ice sheets covering North America and Europe during the Ice Age—equal to double the ice in Greenland and Antarctica today—melted much faster than previously believed. Early assumptions of a 30,000-50,000 year melt were challenged by radiocarbon dating, showing rapid ice growth and disappearance.

Randall Carlson

39,027 次观看 • 1 年前

The last great ice age terminated in a geological instant - trillions of tons of ice melting away within a few thousand years. Randall’s challenge is direct and pointed. Where did the thermal energy come from to drive that transformation at that speed? There is no consensus answer. The mechanisms that trigger the onset of an ice age and those that bring about its termination remain scientifically unresolved - competing theories exist, but no framework has achieved the kind of broad agreement that would qualify as settled science. That gap matters enormously to Randall because of what is claimed in its absence. If the scientific community cannot reach consensus on what causes ice ages to begin or end - processes that have reshaped this planet repeatedly within the human timeline - then the assertion that climate science is settled becomes extremely difficult to defend. Randall is not dismissing the study of climate. He is pointing at a fundamental inconsistency - that the most dramatic climate events in Earth's recent geological history remain without agreed explanation, while certainty is simultaneously claimed about the mechanisms driving change today. The thermal energy that ended the last ice age is still unaccounted for. That is not a minor footnote. It is a problem at the center of the entire conversation.
0:32

The last great ice age terminated in a geological instant - trillions of tons of ice melting away within a few thousand years. Randall’s challenge is direct and pointed. Where did the thermal energy come from to drive that transformation at that speed? There is no consensus answer. The mechanisms that trigger the onset of an ice age and those that bring about its termination remain scientifically unresolved - competing theories exist, but no framework has achieved the kind of broad agreement that would qualify as settled science. That gap matters enormously to Randall because of what is claimed in its absence. If the scientific community cannot reach consensus on what causes ice ages to begin or end - processes that have reshaped this planet repeatedly within the human timeline - then the assertion that climate science is settled becomes extremely difficult to defend. Randall is not dismissing the study of climate. He is pointing at a fundamental inconsistency - that the most dramatic climate events in Earth's recent geological history remain without agreed explanation, while certainty is simultaneously claimed about the mechanisms driving change today. The thermal energy that ended the last ice age is still unaccounted for. That is not a minor footnote. It is a problem at the center of the entire conversation.

Randall Carlson

19,756 次观看 • 6 个月前

The energy paradox at the heart of glacial termination is more precise than most people realize - and Randall makes the mathematics explicit. The greatest concentrations of thermal energy available on Earth are the subtropical deserts like the Sahara and the tropical oceans. Scientists calculated how long it would take to melt the entire North American ice mass if it could be moved to the most energy-rich environment on the planet - the tropical ocean. The answer was three times longer than the ice actually took to disappear. That is not a minor discrepancy. The ice melted three times faster than the maximum thermal energy available from any known terrestrial source could account for. The problem was significant enough that a dedicated scientific conference was convened in 1973 to address it - the energy paradox. A follow-up conference in 1975 attempted to resolve what the first had identified. Neither succeeded. Randall states that plainly - the energy paradox has not been resolved. The question of where the thermal energy came from to melt that volume of ice that quickly remains open - and Randall’s research has consistently pointed toward the only two explanations that could plausibly account for it. A cosmic impact. Or the sun. RANDALL AT QUEST FOR ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS Get your exclusive ticket in the Randall Carlson dedicated seating section at Quest for Ancient Civilizations in Sedona, May 1-3, 2026:
0:55

The energy paradox at the heart of glacial termination is more precise than most people realize - and Randall makes the mathematics explicit. The greatest concentrations of thermal energy available on Earth are the subtropical deserts like the Sahara and the tropical oceans. Scientists calculated how long it would take to melt the entire North American ice mass if it could be moved to the most energy-rich environment on the planet - the tropical ocean. The answer was three times longer than the ice actually took to disappear. That is not a minor discrepancy. The ice melted three times faster than the maximum thermal energy available from any known terrestrial source could account for. The problem was significant enough that a dedicated scientific conference was convened in 1973 to address it - the energy paradox. A follow-up conference in 1975 attempted to resolve what the first had identified. Neither succeeded. Randall states that plainly - the energy paradox has not been resolved. The question of where the thermal energy came from to melt that volume of ice that quickly remains open - and Randall’s research has consistently pointed toward the only two explanations that could plausibly account for it. A cosmic impact. Or the sun. RANDALL AT QUEST FOR ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS Get your exclusive ticket in the Randall Carlson dedicated seating section at Quest for Ancient Civilizations in Sedona, May 1-3, 2026:

Randall Carlson

12,019 次观看 • 5 个月前

This may be the strongest evidence for the location of Atlantis yet. Independent geologist Randall Carlson just visited the Azores. And he revealed to Graham Hancock why he’s convinced this was most likely the heart of ancient Atlantean civilization: “There’s definitely evidence that’s consistent with catastrophic episodes in the recent geological past.” “After a detailed reading of multiple translations of Plato’s two relevant dialogues, Timaeus and Critias, and having some knowledge of the marine geology … it looks to me like of all the possible candidates that have been proposed for the locus of the Atlantean civilization, the one that seems to fit Plato’s very precise details … the most, in my mind, is the Azores.” “It has a lot of the earmarks of having undergone catastrophic subsidence in the very recent geological past.” “Plato’s description of geography is very consistent, beyond the west of the Pillars of Heracles, you encounter islands, and then beyond those is the island complex of Atlantis.” “And then beyond that, as he describes it, is the true continent—” Hancock: “Which we have to read as the Americas.” Carlson: “The nine islands of the Azores have their roots in the microcontinent, as it’s called, and they’re essentially mountains … whose peaks are above sea level.” “We had a professional geologist traveling with us, and he admitted, yes, there is evidence here that would be more consistent with a continental bedrock than oceanic bedrock.” Graham Hancock Randall Carlson
5:44

This may be the strongest evidence for the location of Atlantis yet. Independent geologist Randall Carlson just visited the Azores. And he revealed to Graham Hancock why he’s convinced this was most likely the heart of ancient Atlantean civilization: “There’s definitely evidence that’s consistent with catastrophic episodes in the recent geological past.” “After a detailed reading of multiple translations of Plato’s two relevant dialogues, Timaeus and Critias, and having some knowledge of the marine geology … it looks to me like of all the possible candidates that have been proposed for the locus of the Atlantean civilization, the one that seems to fit Plato’s very precise details … the most, in my mind, is the Azores.” “It has a lot of the earmarks of having undergone catastrophic subsidence in the very recent geological past.” “Plato’s description of geography is very consistent, beyond the west of the Pillars of Heracles, you encounter islands, and then beyond those is the island complex of Atlantis.” “And then beyond that, as he describes it, is the true continent—” Hancock: “Which we have to read as the Americas.” Carlson: “The nine islands of the Azores have their roots in the microcontinent, as it’s called, and they’re essentially mountains … whose peaks are above sea level.” “We had a professional geologist traveling with us, and he admitted, yes, there is evidence here that would be more consistent with a continental bedrock than oceanic bedrock.” Graham Hancock Randall Carlson

Holden Culotta

51,789 次观看 • 8 个月前

He examines evidence showing the end of the last ice age wasn't gradual at all. Surface ocean temperatures in the Atlantic jumped several degrees Celsius in what appears to be a geologically instantaneous shift. Deep sea sedimentation rates in the Equatorial Atlantic dropped sharply at the same time. Bottom waters in the Curiaco Trench suddenly stagnated, and the Pluvial Lakes of the Great Basin shrank rapidly from maximum volume to near their current size. What stands out is that these changes happened simultaneously across geographically isolated systems, from ocean basins to landlocked lakes. This kind of synchronous, abrupt warming at the close of the Wisconsin glaciation challenges the conventional view of slow, incremental climate transitions.
0:40

He examines evidence showing the end of the last ice age wasn't gradual at all. Surface ocean temperatures in the Atlantic jumped several degrees Celsius in what appears to be a geologically instantaneous shift. Deep sea sedimentation rates in the Equatorial Atlantic dropped sharply at the same time. Bottom waters in the Curiaco Trench suddenly stagnated, and the Pluvial Lakes of the Great Basin shrank rapidly from maximum volume to near their current size. What stands out is that these changes happened simultaneously across geographically isolated systems, from ocean basins to landlocked lakes. This kind of synchronous, abrupt warming at the close of the Wisconsin glaciation challenges the conventional view of slow, incremental climate transitions.

Randall Carlson

27,181 次观看 • 3 个月前

In order to understand what the word “Age” really means, and when the harvest—or the “end times”—takes place, you need to dig deeper. The word is Aion, and it is connected to the zodiac constellations. This is the true meaning behind the “Age,” the “end of the Age,” and the “coming Age.” That is why, in early and old Christian churches and temples, the zodiac constellations are depicted around Jesus. A long video is coming, explaining the end of the Age and the harvest—or the “end times.”
2:06

In order to understand what the word “Age” really means, and when the harvest—or the “end times”—takes place, you need to dig deeper. The word is Aion, and it is connected to the zodiac constellations. This is the true meaning behind the “Age,” the “end of the Age,” and the “coming Age.” That is why, in early and old Christian churches and temples, the zodiac constellations are depicted around Jesus. A long video is coming, explaining the end of the Age and the harvest—or the “end times.”

Open Minded Approach

30,021 次观看 • 8 天前

A new study shows the North Atlantic is at its coldest point in 9,000 years. Researchers used a finely layered Chinese stalagmite (a natural rain recording climate tape) to track North Atlantic temperatures. When the ocean cools and sea ice grows, the Asian monsoon weakens and the stalagmite's chemistry shifts. It's a direct proxy. The results show a nine millennia cooling trend, with the coldest values in the last 200 years. The record captures the big cold events of the past, all driven by orbital cycles, sea ice feedbacks and internal ocean variability, say the researchers - not CO2. The slight warming observed since the 1800s didn't start from normal. It started from the coldest North Atlantic baseline in 9,000 years.
0:46

A new study shows the North Atlantic is at its coldest point in 9,000 years. Researchers used a finely layered Chinese stalagmite (a natural rain recording climate tape) to track North Atlantic temperatures. When the ocean cools and sea ice grows, the Asian monsoon weakens and the stalagmite's chemistry shifts. It's a direct proxy. The results show a nine millennia cooling trend, with the coldest values in the last 200 years. The record captures the big cold events of the past, all driven by orbital cycles, sea ice feedbacks and internal ocean variability, say the researchers - not CO2. The slight warming observed since the 1800s didn't start from normal. It started from the coldest North Atlantic baseline in 9,000 years.

Electroverse

17,935 次观看 • 5 个月前

The genetic data is pointing toward something dramatic: a severe population bottleneck at the end of the last ice age. Between roughly 14,500 and 11,000 years ago, approximately six million cubic miles of glacial ice disappeared from the continents in just three millennia. That ice had accumulated rapidly starting around 26,000 to 30,000 years ago, and its swift buildup remains poorly explained. What followed was equally extreme. The ice didn't just melt gradually. It converted into water and transferred into the oceans through floods of unimaginable scale. The thermal energy required to drive that kind of melting in such a short span is staggering, and the source of that energy is still not well understood. If the ice melted that fast, what forced it? And if floods of that magnitude reshaped entire landscapes, what did they do to the human populations living through it?
1:06

The genetic data is pointing toward something dramatic: a severe population bottleneck at the end of the last ice age. Between roughly 14,500 and 11,000 years ago, approximately six million cubic miles of glacial ice disappeared from the continents in just three millennia. That ice had accumulated rapidly starting around 26,000 to 30,000 years ago, and its swift buildup remains poorly explained. What followed was equally extreme. The ice didn't just melt gradually. It converted into water and transferred into the oceans through floods of unimaginable scale. The thermal energy required to drive that kind of melting in such a short span is staggering, and the source of that energy is still not well understood. If the ice melted that fast, what forced it? And if floods of that magnitude reshaped entire landscapes, what did they do to the human populations living through it?

Randall Carlson

27,510 次观看 • 3 天前

You have heard of Atlantis, the island civilization that vanished beneath the sea. What you may not know is that Plato gave a precise date for when it sank, and that modern science has found a real event that happened at almost exactly that moment. First, it is worth remembering what Plato actually wrote. We tend to treat Atlantis as a myth he invented. But in his dialogues Timaeus and Critias, written around 360 BC, Plato does not present it as a fable or an allegory at all... The story, he says, had been carried to Athens by the great lawgiver Solon, who had traveled to Egypt and heard it from the priests of the city of Sais, keepers of records far older than Greece. One old priest tells Solon: "O Solon, Solon, you Hellenes are never anything but children, and there is not an old man among you." The Greeks, he says, have forgotten their own past, while the Egyptians had written it down. And the priest gives a specific timeframe. The war between the Proto-Athenians and Atlantis, he says, took place 9,000 years before Solon's visit. Then, in Plato's words: "there occurred violent earthquakes and floods; and in a single day and night of misfortune... the island of Atlantis disappeared in the depths of the sea." Nine thousand years before Solon places the event at roughly 11,600 years ago. And here is where it becomes strange... That date, 11,600 years ago, is almost exactly when one of the most dramatic climate transitions in the recent history of the planet came to an end. Geologists call it the Younger Dryas: a period when the Earth, already warming out of the last Ice Age, suddenly plunged back into near-glacial cold for more than a thousand years. According to modern science, that cold period ended around 11,600 years ago, and it ended abruptly. The warming returned with great speed, and the great ice sheets resumed melting. That melting is the part that matters here. Some scientists have identified a phase of rapid sea-level rise at the close of the Younger Dryas, beginning around 11,500 years ago, known as Meltwater Pulse 1B. The studies that support it describe sea levels surging upward as the ice sheets collapsed, drowning coastlines that had stood for thousands of years. Plato's date for the sinking of Atlantis, in other words, falls almost exactly on the moment when modern science says the oceans may have risen suddenly and swallowed land at the end of the Ice Age. I want to be careful and honest here: none of this proves that Atlantis was real. Most scholars believe Plato invented the story to illustrate his ideas about pride and the fall of great civilizations, and they may well be right. But the coincidence is hard to shake. A philosopher in the fourth century BC, insisting he was recording true history passed down from a people who kept ancient records, said that a great land was destroyed by floods roughly 11,600 years ago. And thousands of years later, with ice cores and radiocarbon dating, we discovered that the last Ice Age really did end at almost exactly that moment, in melting ice and rising seas. Plato could not have known any of this. He had no way to date the end of the Ice Age, no way to know that the oceans had once risen and erased the old coastlines of the world. And yet the moment he chose, for the drowning of his lost civilization, is the same moment the seas truly rose. Perhaps it's just a coincidence. Or perhaps the Egyptians, as the priest told Solon, simply remembered something the rest of us forgot. Maybe we really are a species with amnesia... I started this newsletter because our past is extraordinary, and fewer and fewer people are showing us how to truly see it. Every week I try to. If that is something you would like to be part of, you can join at the link below, and if you'd like to support my work, a paid subscription is what makes it possible: Thanks for reading.
0:48

You have heard of Atlantis, the island civilization that vanished beneath the sea. What you may not know is that Plato gave a precise date for when it sank, and that modern science has found a real event that happened at almost exactly that moment. First, it is worth remembering what Plato actually wrote. We tend to treat Atlantis as a myth he invented. But in his dialogues Timaeus and Critias, written around 360 BC, Plato does not present it as a fable or an allegory at all... The story, he says, had been carried to Athens by the great lawgiver Solon, who had traveled to Egypt and heard it from the priests of the city of Sais, keepers of records far older than Greece. One old priest tells Solon: "O Solon, Solon, you Hellenes are never anything but children, and there is not an old man among you." The Greeks, he says, have forgotten their own past, while the Egyptians had written it down. And the priest gives a specific timeframe. The war between the Proto-Athenians and Atlantis, he says, took place 9,000 years before Solon's visit. Then, in Plato's words: "there occurred violent earthquakes and floods; and in a single day and night of misfortune... the island of Atlantis disappeared in the depths of the sea." Nine thousand years before Solon places the event at roughly 11,600 years ago. And here is where it becomes strange... That date, 11,600 years ago, is almost exactly when one of the most dramatic climate transitions in the recent history of the planet came to an end. Geologists call it the Younger Dryas: a period when the Earth, already warming out of the last Ice Age, suddenly plunged back into near-glacial cold for more than a thousand years. According to modern science, that cold period ended around 11,600 years ago, and it ended abruptly. The warming returned with great speed, and the great ice sheets resumed melting. That melting is the part that matters here. Some scientists have identified a phase of rapid sea-level rise at the close of the Younger Dryas, beginning around 11,500 years ago, known as Meltwater Pulse 1B. The studies that support it describe sea levels surging upward as the ice sheets collapsed, drowning coastlines that had stood for thousands of years. Plato's date for the sinking of Atlantis, in other words, falls almost exactly on the moment when modern science says the oceans may have risen suddenly and swallowed land at the end of the Ice Age. I want to be careful and honest here: none of this proves that Atlantis was real. Most scholars believe Plato invented the story to illustrate his ideas about pride and the fall of great civilizations, and they may well be right. But the coincidence is hard to shake. A philosopher in the fourth century BC, insisting he was recording true history passed down from a people who kept ancient records, said that a great land was destroyed by floods roughly 11,600 years ago. And thousands of years later, with ice cores and radiocarbon dating, we discovered that the last Ice Age really did end at almost exactly that moment, in melting ice and rising seas. Plato could not have known any of this. He had no way to date the end of the Ice Age, no way to know that the oceans had once risen and erased the old coastlines of the world. And yet the moment he chose, for the drowning of his lost civilization, is the same moment the seas truly rose. Perhaps it's just a coincidence. Or perhaps the Egyptians, as the priest told Solon, simply remembered something the rest of us forgot. Maybe we really are a species with amnesia... I started this newsletter because our past is extraordinary, and fewer and fewer people are showing us how to truly see it. Every week I try to. If that is something you would like to be part of, you can join at the link below, and if you'd like to support my work, a paid subscription is what makes it possible: Thanks for reading.

James Lucas

39,911 次观看 • 3 个月前

At 11,600 years ago there was a catastrophic sea level rise event - Meltwater pulse 1B - documented in the marine geological record. Plato's account of the demise of Atlantis, transmitted through a chain of sources from Solon through Critias the Elder to Critias the Younger and finally to Socrates and Plato himself, places the sinking of Atlantis at the same moment. The mechanism Plato describes is precise - earthquake and rapid sea level rise. The geological record at that precise date shows exactly that. Randall is not prepared to dismiss that convergence as coincidence - and he states that position directly. A skeptic would call it coincidence. Randall finds that response insufficient when the date, the mechanism, and the geographical framework all align simultaneously. Plato was not describing a metaphor or a moral fable. He was transmitting a chronology received from Egyptian sources that places the subsidence of a mid-Atlantic landmass at precisely the moment the marine geology shows a catastrophic pulse of meltwater entering the world's oceans. The two accounts - one preserved in Greek philosophical dialogue, the other recorded in the sedimentary record of the ocean floor - are describing the same event from opposite ends of the evidence. Click here to step into the field with Randall and unlock the hidden story of the Finger Lakes on his upcoming tour 👇
0:37

At 11,600 years ago there was a catastrophic sea level rise event - Meltwater pulse 1B - documented in the marine geological record. Plato's account of the demise of Atlantis, transmitted through a chain of sources from Solon through Critias the Elder to Critias the Younger and finally to Socrates and Plato himself, places the sinking of Atlantis at the same moment. The mechanism Plato describes is precise - earthquake and rapid sea level rise. The geological record at that precise date shows exactly that. Randall is not prepared to dismiss that convergence as coincidence - and he states that position directly. A skeptic would call it coincidence. Randall finds that response insufficient when the date, the mechanism, and the geographical framework all align simultaneously. Plato was not describing a metaphor or a moral fable. He was transmitting a chronology received from Egyptian sources that places the subsidence of a mid-Atlantic landmass at precisely the moment the marine geology shows a catastrophic pulse of meltwater entering the world's oceans. The two accounts - one preserved in Greek philosophical dialogue, the other recorded in the sedimentary record of the ocean floor - are describing the same event from opposite ends of the evidence. Click here to step into the field with Randall and unlock the hidden story of the Finger Lakes on his upcoming tour 👇

Randall Carlson

10,618 次观看 • 5 个月前

The Atlantis account in Plato's dialogues includes a specific timeline: nine thousand years before Solon's visit to Egypt, around 590 BCE. Add those together and you arrive at 11,600 years ago, a date that aligns precisely with one of the major meltwater pulses at the end of the last ice age. This wasn't arbitrary storytelling. Plato describes a catastrophic subsidence in the Atlantic following a great war, an island civilization lost beneath the waves in a single event. The timing matters because 11,600 years ago marks a period of rapid deglaciation, massive flooding, and dramatic sea level rise as continental ice sheets collapsed and released enormous volumes of water into the world's oceans. Whether or not Atlantis existed as described, the date Plato preserved points directly to real, documented planetary upheaval. That kind of precision in an ancient text deserves more than dismissal. It suggests the story may encode actual memory of catastrophic environmental change at the close of the Pleistocene.
0:33

The Atlantis account in Plato's dialogues includes a specific timeline: nine thousand years before Solon's visit to Egypt, around 590 BCE. Add those together and you arrive at 11,600 years ago, a date that aligns precisely with one of the major meltwater pulses at the end of the last ice age. This wasn't arbitrary storytelling. Plato describes a catastrophic subsidence in the Atlantic following a great war, an island civilization lost beneath the waves in a single event. The timing matters because 11,600 years ago marks a period of rapid deglaciation, massive flooding, and dramatic sea level rise as continental ice sheets collapsed and released enormous volumes of water into the world's oceans. Whether or not Atlantis existed as described, the date Plato preserved points directly to real, documented planetary upheaval. That kind of precision in an ancient text deserves more than dismissal. It suggests the story may encode actual memory of catastrophic environmental change at the close of the Pleistocene.

Randall Carlson

15,791 次观看 • 1 个月前