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The fragmentation problem at the centre of #tokenisedfinance is why #interoperability infrastructure is the enabling condition for everything else. Central banks, commercial banks, and public blockchains are building toward a shared three-layer architecture for #digitalmoney. Each layer performs a distinct function. All three must work together. And they each...

13,248 görüntüleme • 9 gün önce •via X (Twitter)

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🌍 Big Names. Bigger Vision. The Kima Story. From central banks to global tech giants, Kima’s journey is powered by some of the most influential names in finance and technology, all united by one mission: making money move freely, securely, and compliantly across ecosystems. Here’s who’s shaping the future with us 👇 🏦 European Central Bank (ECB): Recognized by the ECB as a Pioneer in the Digital Euro Innovation Platform, where Kima showcased programmable public finance and conditional payments for real-world impact. 💰Commercial Bank International (CBI), Dubai: Partnering with Kima to power next-gen cross-border remittances from the UAE to major corridors like India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, fast, compliant, and cost-efficient. 💶 Bank of Israel: Selected participant in the Digital Shekel Challenge, building innovative use cases for national digital currency integration. ☁️ Alibaba Cloud: Providing enterprise-grade infrastructure to run global Kima nodes, ensuring speed, reliability, and compliance at scale. 💳 Mastercard: Collaborating through sandbox pilots to enable real-time stablecoin top-ups, bridging traditional banking and blockchain rails. 🔗 Kima Network is the universal settlement layer making all this possible: connecting banks, blockchains, and digital assets in one interoperable system. Kima is the settlement backbone connecting banks, blockchains, and digital assets, where TradFi meets DeFi, for real. 🚀

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13,380 görüntüleme • 8 ay önce

Full Fine-tuning vs. Freezing Layers. Interact 👉 and == Full Fine-tuning == A real network has many — three layers in this example, billions of parameters in a production model. What does fine-tuning look like when you update all of them? That’s full fine-tuning: continue training every weight in the pretrained network on your new task. Every layer’s W gets its own ΔW. Nothing is frozen — every parameter is in play. Think of an MLP as a chain of prerequisites leading to an advanced course. Layer 1 might be Linear Algebra, layer 2 Probability, layer 3 Advanced Machine Learning — each one building on what came before. Fine-tuning is what happens during graduate study: the foundations are already there from undergrad, so you’re not re-learning. Full fine-tuning is reviewing every prerequisite to see what new topics have appeared and what discoveries the field has made since the last time you sat through them. Effective — but exhausting. This diagram shows the same three-layer MLP twice, side by side. On the left, the pretrained network runs on input X: three weight matrices W₁, W₂, W₃, each followed by a ReLU activation. Full fine-tuning gives the model the most freedom to specialize. Every parameter can move — and every parameter that can move must be stored. But not every prerequisite needs revisiting. The further you go back in the chain, the less the material has changed since pretraining — the linear-algebra basics under your computer-vision course are largely the same as they ever were. The next page does exactly that: freeze the prerequisites that haven’t moved, and only refresh the advanced one closest to your specialization. == Freezing Layers == Full fine-tuning reviewed every prerequisite — Linear Algebra, Probability, Advanced ML — to refresh each subject with the latest topics. Effective, but exhausting. Then you realize something. The prerequisites haven’t actually changed that much. Linear Algebra is still Linear Algebra; the matrix decompositions you learned still hold. Probability is still Probability; the distributions and Bayes’ rule haven’t moved. Almost all the new material — the new ideas, the recent discoveries — lives in the advanced layer at the top. That’s freezing layers: keep the prerequisite layers fixed at their pretrained state, and only update the advanced one. In the diagram below, W1​ and W2​ — the foundational prerequisites — stay frozen. Only W3​ — the layer closest to your task-specific output — gets a ΔW.

Tom Yeh

27,225 görüntüleme • 2 ay önce