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The platform and rail spur inside Auschwitz II-Birkenau, which was put into operation in May 1944. Jews who were deported to the camp underwent the arrival selection there made by SS doctors. Most of them were immediately murdered in gas chambers. Video:

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On This Day — May 17, 1939: Britain Appeased the Arabs & Condemned Europe’s Jews to the Holocaust As Jews across Europe were being beaten, robbed & deported after Kristallnacht, Britain joined the side of their persecutors by issuing the infamous White Paper of 1939 — one of the most disgraceful acts of appeasement and betrayal in modern history. First they appeased Hitler at Munich. Then they appeased the Mufti of Jerusalem and Arab violence. At the worst possible moment, Britain illegally slammed the last escape door shut on Europe’s Jews. The White Paper drastically restricted Jewish immigration to a trickle and made any further entry subject to Arab consent — which the Arabs had already made clear would be zero. Jewish land purchases were brutally restricted. This was not policy. This was betrayal. Britain had been granted the Mandate for Palestine by the League of Nations via unanimous international treaty specifically to establish a Jewish national home and encourage close Jewish settlement. The League’s own Mandates Commission reviewed the White Paper and declared it illegal — a clear violation of the Mandate. Britain simply ignored the League and enforced it anyway. The Jews begged for their lives. Britain gave them a death sentence. Hundreds of refugee ships were turned away. British forces fired on many. The Struma — carrying 769 Jews, including 70 children — was refused entry and later sunk. One of many such tragedies. Britain’s policy trapped Jews in Europe with nowhere to run as the Holocaust began. By closing the gates while the Nazis prepared the gas chambers, Britain became complicit in the scale of the systematic, industrialized genocide. At least hundreds of thousands of Jews who could have reached safety in the Land of Israel were instead exterminated. The British didn’t just fail the Jews. They actively helped ensure that when the Nazis came for them, there was no place left in the world to which they could escape. That is why a strong, sovereign Israel is not optional — it is an existential necessity. Never again will Jews depend on the mercy of empires that appease our enemies and abandon us to slaughter. Never again will we trust “guarantees” from powers that fold, betray, or look away when it matters most.

Captain Allen

48,768 Aufrufe • vor 4 Monaten

On the banks of the Danube River in Budapest 🇭🇺, not far from the Hungarian Parliament building, sit sixty pairs of old-fashioned shoes, the type people wore in the 1940s. There are women's shoes, there are men's shoes and there are children's shoes. They sit at the edge of the water, scattered and abandoned, as though their owners had just stepped out of them and left them there. If you look more closely, you see that the shoes are rusted, made of iron and set into the concrete of the embankment. They are a memorial and a monument to the Hungarian Jews who, in the winter of 1944-1945, were shot on the banks of the Danube River by the members of the Arrow Cross Party. Known as "The Shoes on the Danube Promenade", the memorial was conceptualized by film director Can Togay, and was created by Togay together with the sculptor Gyula Pauer. It was installed on the Pest bank of the Danube River in Budapest in 2005. At three separate places on the memorial, cast iron signs read in Hungarian, English and Hebrew: "To the memory of victims shot into the Danube by Arrow Cross militiamen in 1944-45." During that autumn and winter, after the Germans had toppled the government of Miklos Horthy bringing Ferenc Szálasi and his fascist, violently antisemitic Arrow Cross Party to power, the Arrow Cross introduced a reign of terror in Budapest. The Arrow Cross militiamen ran amok in the streets of Budapest, beating, plundering, and killing Jews publicly. Thousands of Jews were murdered all over the city. Shooting the Jews into the Danube was convenient because the river carried the bodies away. Often, the Arrow Cross murderers would force their terrified Jewish victims to remove their shoes before shooting them into the Danube. Shoes, after all, were a valuable commodity during World War II. The killers could use them, or trade them on the black market. This, then, is the historical reality behind the monument. Sometimes, though, the victims' shoes were so worn-out and useless, that the militiamen killed the Jews with their shoes still on. And sometimes, the Arrow Cross pulled the shoestrings out of children's shoes, and used them to tie the helpless Jewish victims' hands together before they were shot. Sometimes they used rope instead. The killers faced their victims without mercy; the victims faced the killers without blindfolds. In some cases the Arrow Cross men tied together the hands of two or three Jews – adults or children. Then they would shoot only one of the people who were tied together. When they did their work properly and positioned their victims at the edge of the water, all three would fall into the Danube, the dead body pulling the still-living victims with it. All the bodies, tied together by shoelaces or rope or fate, would either sink or float away down the river. If the militiamen noticed that Jews were still alive, they used them for target practice. However, most of the Jews – especially the children – died immediately because the water was freezing cold. During the days of horror in the winter of 1944-1945, the Danube was known as "the Jewish Cemetery." A firsthand account of the horrific scenes along the Danube was presented by Zsuzsanna Ozsváth, a Hungarian survivor who was saved by her nursemaid, Erzsi Fajo. “…I heard a series of popping sounds. Thinking the Russians had arrived, I slunk to the window. But what I saw was worse than anything I had ever seen before, worse than the most frightening accounts I had ever witnessed. Two Arrow Cross men were standing on the embankment of the river, aiming at and shooting a group of men, women and children into the Danube – one after the other, on their coats the Yellow Star. I looked at the Danube. It was neither blue nor gray but red. With a throbbing heart, I ran back to the room in the middle of the apartment and sat on the floor, gasping for air." #archaeohistories

Archaeo - Histories

189,447 Aufrufe • vor 1 Monat