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น่ากลัวมากใครที่เครียดเรื้อรังกระตุ้นให้เซลล์ประสาทที่hippocampusฆ่าตัวตาย เซลล์ฝ่อลงและในช่วงที่เครียดมากมักจำอะไรได้ยากนึกอะไรก็ไม่ออก การเรียนรู้ลดลง ดังนั้นสุขภาพจิตสำคัญมาก อย่าลืมดูแลสุขภาพจิตเพราะช่วยให้สมองเราได้กลับมาทำงานตามปกติได้อีกครั้ง

1,072,567 次观看 • 1 年前 •via X (Twitter)

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New Cell paper from Bergles lab at Johns Hopkins just built the most comprehensive map of brain myelin ever made — every oligodendrocyte, across the entire mouse brain, across the lifespan. The scale: >10 million cells per brain, terabyte-scale 3D lightsheet volumes, registered to the Allen Brain Atlas across 417 regions from 2 months to 2+ years of age. The technical stack: Custom tissue clearing (CUBIC-L + SHIELD + uRIMS with 40% urea) to preserve endogenous fluorescence. 3D Mask R-CNN for instance segmentation — not just semantic, instance — so it can distinguish individual cells within dense clusters at scale via overlapping sliding windows. Vision Transformer to classify newly-formed vs. mature oligodendrocytes using soma morphology. All cross-referenced against Allen ISH transcriptomics and MICrONS serial EM. What they found: Oligodendrocyte density varies 10,000-fold across brain regions. Left-right hemispheres: r=0.99. Sex: no significant difference. Strain: matters. The brain never stops myelinating. New oligodendrocytes are still being generated in 2-year-old mice. Prefrontal cortex L6 shows the fastest rates of new myelination into old age — the circuits for executive function keep rewiring throughout life. After demyelination, L4 sensory cortex is the most resilient — oligodendrocytes survive at higher rates. The hippocampus loses nearly everything and barely recovers. Degree of injury doesn't predict rate of recovery. These are independent axes. The Alzheimer's result is the most surprising: Dense-core plaques dominate in cortex and hippocampus. Diffuse/small-core plaques dominate in white matter fiber tracts. Old assumption: diffuse plaques are "less toxic." The data says the opposite — small plaques in fiber tracts cause more myelin loss per plaque than dense-core plaques in gray matter. Plaque load and oligodendrocyte loss are essentially uncorrelated (ρ=0.22). The damage is plaque-type and location specific, not load-dependent. For MS and AD research: you can't read off white matter injury from gray matter plaque burden. The pathology in fiber tracts is running on different rules. Data: Paper:

Bo Wang

24,834 次观看 • 7 个月前