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The All-In Podcast

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@chamath, @jason, @davidsacks, and @friedberg cover all things economic, tech, political, social, and poker.

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Friedberg: New study shows enzyme reverses skin age from 70+ years to 31 Chamath: That’s a $2T market. Did Scientists Just Discover How to Reverse Skin Aging!? “CML is kind of the predominant molecule that gets formed in this extracellular matrix that's driving aging, and nothing breaks it down. So these scientists set out to try and create an enzyme, an enzyme is a protein that breaks something down, that can break down CML. And so these guys kind of went out and they took the target, which is CML, and tried to figure out, ‘Okay, how do we actually degrade CML, clear that extracellular matrix, and reverse aging?’ They started to test it on the proteins that we would find in our body, casein, collagen, retinal proteins, which are in your eye, hemoglobin, and they were able to get rid of 52 to 97% of the CML, just degrade it away. And then they found several sites where they were able to degrade over 90%. And then they took actual human skin from elderly patients that had donated their skin, and they put this enzyme onto that skin, and they were able to eliminate 55% of the CML on the skin, basically reverse the skin's age down to the age of a 31-year-old, this is from greater than 70-year-old patients, just by putting this enzyme on the skin. And so it's kind of a groundbreaking demonstration of combination of AlphaFold, what's called directed evolution, where you change the order of the DNA that changes the structure of the protein to test different proteins, do high throughput screening, and ultimately make a novel protein that doesn't exist in nature today that can do something pretty profound for human health.” Chamath: “It will be a trillion-dollar market. If you can create a cream…” Friedberg: “I mean, dude, if you could put this enzyme literally on your skin and have it absorb in…” Chamath: “Game over. That alone is $2 trillion.”

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David Sacks: Nonprofits need to manufacture problems in America to stay in business David Sacks: “Here's the systemic problem with nonprofits and NGOs. Let me just contrast it with business. In business, you set up a company, the company has to make revenue, it has to make profits. And if it doesn't, it's going to go out of business, right? Because it'll lose money. So there's a feedback mechanism from the market. With an NGO, nonprofit, what have you, they raise money. They don't sell things. They fundraise from donors in order to engage in an activity, but what happens over time is the actual activities may stop mattering, and all that really matters is they're able to keep fundraising, right? Because they're just trying to figure out a justification to keep going back to donors to get more and more money out of them. That's what perpetuates the organization.” Chamath: “ Why wouldn't the Southern Poverty Law Center focus on southern poverty? Which is an issue that actually still exists in some shape or form. Why do you call it one thing, focus on racism, and then all of a sudden whip up fake racism?” Sacks: “I do think that at one time in this country, civil rights was a noble cause, a very legitimate cause. We had the legacy of segregation and Jim Crow, and there were groups that were set up to basically change that, and they succeeded. But again, no one in an NGO or a nonprofit ever declares victory. When Obama got elected in 2008, regardless of whether you liked Obama or not, or agreed with his politics, I thought that at that point, most people could see that this was not a racist country. Whatever else you could say, the fact that the highest office in the land was not denied to anybody showed that this country was not holding people back based on their skin color. And instead of just basically packing up shop and saying, ‘Okay, we've achieved our goal,’ the goalposts all got moved. Remember, that's when the whole anti-racism thing started, was around Obama's second term. If they just said at that time, ‘You know what, we're going to move the goalposts from equality of opportunity to equality of results. We're going to basically make everyone equal at the finish line,’ which is to say, identity socialism. People would've said, ‘Eh, no, we're not on board for that.’ So instead, they created this whole new terminology to justify it. And it's taken us years to unpack that and realize what's really going on.”

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David Sacks: Everything Kathy Hochul Said About Datacenters Was a False Accusation David Sacks: “These data centers become the scapegoat for all of the angst that people have about AI. Everything she's saying there is a false accusation on datacenters. So let's just go one by one.” POWER: So she's saying that they eat up all of the power. Well, yeah, if you connect to the grid without producing more power and you force datacenters to compete with residential ratepayers, then yeah, you could drive up utility prices. However, if you do what Chamath said and let them build behind the meter, then they bring their own power. And that's what the president has advocated for since the beginning of his administration, is let the AI companies become power companies. So that is the way to solve the energy problem or the utility problem. LAND: Then, she's talking about eating up land. The reality is these datacenters are a model of land use efficiency. We have a ton of land in this country, obviously. NOISE POLLUTION: The supposed noise pollution, that's largely made up. That can be dealt with. You obviously don't want to put these things right next to a residential area, but create a little bit of distance, and it's fine. WATER CONSUMPTION: The whole water consumption thing is largely a hoax. Modern datacenters recirculate the water. AIR POLLUTION: One final thing just on the point that Hochul is making. She said it created a lot of pollution. Natural gas, which is how most of these data centers are powered, is one of the most clean burning sources of power that we have. “When you compare economic impact to all these different things, datacenters are honestly one of the best things we could be building as a nation.”

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Bill Gurley: Anthropic Thinks It’s Building God @jason: It is the ultimate level of narcissism and delusion of grandeur to think you can create God. Bill Gurley: “Anthropic is a mystery to me. I've never, ever seen a company that is both leading their field and the most negatively outspoken commenter on what they do. And my initial theory was the regulatory capture theory. Quite frankly, I think they're very close to achieving that. But then they just got so loud that I've literally, in the past 30 days, read everything I can about Anthropic, and I've come up with a new theory. I call it the Dr. Frankenstein theory. The more I dig, I've met people who, I dare say, think it's their responsibility, and they're excited about, building a species that's superior to humans. Dario wrote this blog post called ‘Machines of Loving Grace.’ It was based on a poem. The last stanza of the poem says, ‘I like to think of a cybernetic ecology where we are free of our labors, and joined back to nature, returned to our mammal brothers and sisters, and all watched over by machines of loving grace.’ Sounds like an overlord to me. And then in Dario's post, he says, ‘It could be a capitalist economy of AI systems which then give out resources to humans based on some secondary economy of what the AI systems think makes sense to reward in humans…’ So I don't think they think they're writing software. I think they're midwifing a deity here.” Jason: “These are delusions of grandeur. Let's call it what it is. They believe that they're so powerful, these individuals, that they can create God, and that by creating God, they are like this Prometheus kind of species. It literally is the ultimate level of narcissism and delusion of grandeur to think you can create God.”

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