Loading video...

Video Failed to Load

There was a problem loading this video. This could be due to a temporary network issue or the video might be unavailable.

A ribozyme that cuts DNA - programmably!! It has a ways to go before it can be a precision genome editing tool - short target recognition sequence, doesn’t bind dsDNA well - but an exciting discovery nonetheless! Study from Jun-Jie Gogo Liu lab at Tsinghua University, published in Science Magazine

Julia Bauman

10,425 subscribers

41,549 views • 2 years ago •via X (Twitter)

Anya Rossi• Live Now

Private livecam show

1 Comments

Julia Bauman2 years ago

& the link:

Related Videos

Nancy Grace warns sending crucial DNA to a private lab could risk destroying limited evidence, questioning why it’s not being handled by the FBI: “There are cases where DNA is sent to a particular lab, a specialty lab, a lab that could have expertise in diluted, destroyed, old, or degraded DNA. But even if that’s why he’s hanging his hat on an excuse to send it to a private lab in Florida, they don’t have anything that the FBI doesn’t have, so that’s not going to wash. If there’s a small amount of DNA inside one of those gloves and it is sent to a lab for testing, that DNA could be used up in the testing. So what I’m saying is, if that lab in Florida uses up that touch DNA, it’s over. Does he not realize what he is risking? He needs to go back to his basketball game.”

Nancy Grace warns sending crucial DNA to a private lab could risk destroying limited evidence, questioning why it’s not being handled by the FBI: “There are cases where DNA is sent to a particular lab, a specialty lab, a lab that could have expertise in diluted, destroyed, old, or degraded DNA. But even if that’s why he’s hanging his hat on an excuse to send it to a private lab in Florida, they don’t have anything that the FBI doesn’t have, so that’s not going to wash. If there’s a small amount of DNA inside one of those gloves and it is sent to a lab for testing, that DNA could be used up in the testing. So what I’m saying is, if that lab in Florida uses up that touch DNA, it’s over. Does he not realize what he is risking? He needs to go back to his basketball game.”

Sean Hannity 🇺🇸

600,412 views • 6 months ago

"You can look at it from a lot of points of view. Obviously the gap is smaller now to Lando than it was before the disqualification but Max is also closer in the fight as well. It goes both ways but I think we've taken the lessons, analysed what happened in Vegas. Here is obviously very different to Vegas and a lot of other circuits we go to so hopefully it can be a good weekend! 😁☺️"

"You can look at it from a lot of points of view. Obviously the gap is smaller now to Lando than it was before the disqualification but Max is also closer in the fight as well. It goes both ways but I think we've taken the lessons, analysed what happened in Vegas. Here is obviously very different to Vegas and a lot of other circuits we go to so hopefully it can be a good weekend! 😁☺️"

a⁸¹ 🎐 | FAN ACCOUNT

108,488 views • 8 months ago

Demis Hassabis just described the moment medicine stops treating disease and starts deleting it from the source code. For all of human history, doctors have fought symptoms. The tumor. The organ failure. The collapse. Always downstream. Always after the damage has already started. The cause sits upstream. Written into the DNA. Ninety-eight percent of the human genome sits in non-coding regions. For decades, science understood the genes but couldn’t read the vast dark territory between them. That’s where most disease hides. Hassabis: “It takes the big, long genetic sequences and then it tries to predict, if you made a mutation to this particular single letter, single position in the genetic sequence, will that be a harmful mutation that might cause disease, or is it benign?” AlphaGenome reads your entire genetic sequence and identifies the exact letter that’s corrupted. Not a region. Not a probability range. A single position in a three-billion-letter sequence. That alone would be a generational breakthrough. But most diseases aren’t that clean. Hassabis: “What if they’re multigenic diseases where there’s cascades of mutations causing the problem? Those are even harder to detect, but actually perfect for sort of AI.” One mutation is hard enough to find. A cascade of mutations interacting across the genome is a problem no human researcher can hold in their head at once. Three billion data points. Compounding errors across all of them. The human brain cannot solve that. AI doesn’t solve it either. It maps it. All of it. At once. The most devastating diseases on Earth. The ones medicine has called untreatable for generations. They are not mysteries to the algorithm. They’re compute problems. But finding the error was only ever half the equation. You also need the ability to fix it. That tool already exists. CRISPR is a molecular scalpel. It cuts DNA at exact positions. The limitation was never the editing. It was knowing exactly where to cut. Hassabis: “A kind of combination of things like AlphaGenome and CRISPR could be incredibly powerful.” AI reads the code. CRISPR rewrites it. One finds the mutation. The other corrects it at the source. Not managing symptoms. Not slowing progression. Deleting the error from the genome. The implications go beyond treatment. A disease corrected at the genetic level doesn’t just disappear from one patient. It disappears from their bloodline. The read access is here. The write access exists. The merge is inevitable. The era of accepting a broken genetic hand is ending. We stopped being passengers in our own biology.

Demis Hassabis just described the moment medicine stops treating disease and starts deleting it from the source code. For all of human history, doctors have fought symptoms. The tumor. The organ failure. The collapse. Always downstream. Always after the damage has already started. The cause sits upstream. Written into the DNA. Ninety-eight percent of the human genome sits in non-coding regions. For decades, science understood the genes but couldn’t read the vast dark territory between them. That’s where most disease hides. Hassabis: “It takes the big, long genetic sequences and then it tries to predict, if you made a mutation to this particular single letter, single position in the genetic sequence, will that be a harmful mutation that might cause disease, or is it benign?” AlphaGenome reads your entire genetic sequence and identifies the exact letter that’s corrupted. Not a region. Not a probability range. A single position in a three-billion-letter sequence. That alone would be a generational breakthrough. But most diseases aren’t that clean. Hassabis: “What if they’re multigenic diseases where there’s cascades of mutations causing the problem? Those are even harder to detect, but actually perfect for sort of AI.” One mutation is hard enough to find. A cascade of mutations interacting across the genome is a problem no human researcher can hold in their head at once. Three billion data points. Compounding errors across all of them. The human brain cannot solve that. AI doesn’t solve it either. It maps it. All of it. At once. The most devastating diseases on Earth. The ones medicine has called untreatable for generations. They are not mysteries to the algorithm. They’re compute problems. But finding the error was only ever half the equation. You also need the ability to fix it. That tool already exists. CRISPR is a molecular scalpel. It cuts DNA at exact positions. The limitation was never the editing. It was knowing exactly where to cut. Hassabis: “A kind of combination of things like AlphaGenome and CRISPR could be incredibly powerful.” AI reads the code. CRISPR rewrites it. One finds the mutation. The other corrects it at the source. Not managing symptoms. Not slowing progression. Deleting the error from the genome. The implications go beyond treatment. A disease corrected at the genetic level doesn’t just disappear from one patient. It disappears from their bloodline. The read access is here. The write access exists. The merge is inevitable. The era of accepting a broken genetic hand is ending. We stopped being passengers in our own biology.

Dustin

197,790 views • 4 months ago

It’s incredible that we can treat sickle cell disease with CRISPR, but it’d be extremely useful to have a pill that does the same thing. Work from Pamela Ting Jay Bradner, M.D. in Science Magazine show it may be possible with a molecular glue small molecule!

It’s incredible that we can treat sickle cell disease with CRISPR, but it’d be extremely useful to have a pill that does the same thing. Work from Pamela Ting Jay Bradner, M.D. in Science Magazine show it may be possible with a molecular glue small molecule!

Julia Bauman

34,308 views • 2 years ago

The BBC: "It could be on sale soon at a supermarket near you—food grown not on a farm but in a laboratory." "This Wagyu sirloin is claimed to be healthier because it can be designed with lower cholesterol and added nutrients." "The science of making lab-grown food is something that the UK is really good at. But the approvals process to have them sold in supermarkets takes far too long." "The government's science minister has a solution. It's to get the lab-grown food firms to work with the regulator to draw up an approvals process that is both faster and safer." "But critics are concerned there's a conflict of interest in having the lab-grown food companies involved in drawing up the new rules."

The BBC: "It could be on sale soon at a supermarket near you—food grown not on a farm but in a laboratory." "This Wagyu sirloin is claimed to be healthier because it can be designed with lower cholesterol and added nutrients." "The science of making lab-grown food is something that the UK is really good at. But the approvals process to have them sold in supermarkets takes far too long." "The government's science minister has a solution. It's to get the lab-grown food firms to work with the regulator to draw up an approvals process that is both faster and safer." "But critics are concerned there's a conflict of interest in having the lab-grown food companies involved in drawing up the new rules."

Wide Awake Media

23,114 views • 7 months ago

It is very exciting to imagine a world where agricultural scale involves not vast reservoirs of chemicals, but high-tech, precision equipment Things like the weeder (shown below) that burns thousands of weeds a minute, dozens a second, saving farmers money and obviating RoundUp We shall see, but it is very exciting, and the sort of innovations that could come from an industrial sector that produces such equipment in America would be incredible This is what America has done so well in the past, with using the building of useful machinery to drive massive investment and innovation in an ever-growing sector. It would be really cool to see it happen again

It is very exciting to imagine a world where agricultural scale involves not vast reservoirs of chemicals, but high-tech, precision equipment Things like the weeder (shown below) that burns thousands of weeds a minute, dozens a second, saving farmers money and obviating RoundUp We shall see, but it is very exciting, and the sort of innovations that could come from an industrial sector that produces such equipment in America would be incredible This is what America has done so well in the past, with using the building of useful machinery to drive massive investment and innovation in an ever-growing sector. It would be really cool to see it happen again

The American Tribune

90,018 views • 5 months ago

.Sonia Elijah: "You have a very infamous study that was published in The Lancet, this is the main study on why Hydroxychloroquine is dangerous and it can cause heart attacks, cardiac arrests. And it was this study, it was based on 96,000 patients. So it had a huge data set. But this data set all came out of a small company, an unknown company from Chicago called Surgisphere. And it was proven that all the data was faked. So that study actually had to get withdrawn. But even though it was withdrawn, it was still pushed as hydroxychloroquine is dangerous."

.Sonia Elijah: "You have a very infamous study that was published in The Lancet, this is the main study on why Hydroxychloroquine is dangerous and it can cause heart attacks, cardiac arrests. And it was this study, it was based on 96,000 patients. So it had a huge data set. But this data set all came out of a small company, an unknown company from Chicago called Surgisphere. And it was proven that all the data was faked. So that study actually had to get withdrawn. But even though it was withdrawn, it was still pushed as hydroxychloroquine is dangerous."

Tom Nelson

21,934 views • 22 days ago

REMINDER: The genome for SARS-CoV-2 is a "consensus sequence." Anybody who says the gene sequence for SARS2 is confirmed is *confused or lying.* "[The reality is that] nobody has the code of the pathogen..." "What they set for the control [for the PCR 'test'] is a consensus sequence, which [means] they took AI, they averaged out a section of the genome that they want as that test, and they set it for that. So it doesn't even exist in nature anywhere." This is a clip from a recent discussion between former medical coder and whistleblower Zowe Smith (Sheldon Diedericks) and retired pharma R&D executive Sasha Latypova (sashalatypova.substack.com "Due Diligence and Art"). Smith and Latypova discuss the many shortcomings of PCR "tests," as well as the fact that no genome for SARS-CoV-2 has ever been characterized—only a "consensus sequence," which Smith notes is developed when AI "average[s] out... a section of the genome that they want as a test." She adds, "it doesn't even exist in nature anywhere." Latypova confirms, "when they're saying, 'Oh, we have the COVID virus, the full genome...it's been sequenced. Look at all these papers.' [The reality is that] nobody has the code of the pathogen... Ralph Baric also wrote about it in his work all the time. So nobody has the pathogenic sequence." The pharma insider adds, "What they upload to GenBank is... averaged... And once it's averaged, it's no longer pathogenic anything. It's just a model. And then for PCR, [it] doesn't test the full genome. They do these, like, snippets, and then whatever snippet you wanna set it to, you will find it, and that's how they find... positive COVID. So all of this is total BS." Interestingly, Smith notes that when she worked with PCR in a lab at the Oregon Health and Science University "[she] realized that everything was controlled through EUA [Emergency Use Authorization] and the CDC, so there was no way to independently verify [the controls that were used]."

REMINDER: The genome for SARS-CoV-2 is a "consensus sequence." Anybody who says the gene sequence for SARS2 is confirmed is confused or lying. "[The reality is that] nobody has the code of the pathogen..." "What they set for the control [for the PCR 'test'] is a consensus sequence, which [means] they took AI, they averaged out a section of the genome that they want as that test, and they set it for that. So it doesn't even exist in nature anywhere." This is a clip from a recent discussion between former medical coder and whistleblower Zowe Smith (Sheldon Diedericks) and retired pharma R&D executive Sasha Latypova (sashalatypova.substack.com "Due Diligence and Art"). Smith and Latypova discuss the many shortcomings of PCR "tests," as well as the fact that no genome for SARS-CoV-2 has ever been characterized—only a "consensus sequence," which Smith notes is developed when AI "average[s] out... a section of the genome that they want as a test." She adds, "it doesn't even exist in nature anywhere." Latypova confirms, "when they're saying, 'Oh, we have the COVID virus, the full genome...it's been sequenced. Look at all these papers.' [The reality is that] nobody has the code of the pathogen... Ralph Baric also wrote about it in his work all the time. So nobody has the pathogenic sequence." The pharma insider adds, "What they upload to GenBank is... averaged... And once it's averaged, it's no longer pathogenic anything. It's just a model. And then for PCR, [it] doesn't test the full genome. They do these, like, snippets, and then whatever snippet you wanna set it to, you will find it, and that's how they find... positive COVID. So all of this is total BS." Interestingly, Smith notes that when she worked with PCR in a lab at the Oregon Health and Science University "[she] realized that everything was controlled through EUA [Emergency Use Authorization] and the CDC, so there was no way to independently verify [the controls that were used]."

Sense Receptor

22,816 views • 1 year ago

The regime doesn’t align with your values; it tries to convince you that you align with its political aspirations. And you are either a tool or an impedance to their goals. Once you are no longer useful to them (and it’s only a matter of time before that happens) you are no longer protected from their violence but instead the target of it.

The regime doesn’t align with your values; it tries to convince you that you align with its political aspirations. And you are either a tool or an impedance to their goals. Once you are no longer useful to them (and it’s only a matter of time before that happens) you are no longer protected from their violence but instead the target of it.

scotty

79,137 views • 7 months ago

“It was an unbelievable offensive situation to be dropped into but it to me doesn’t at all take away from the historic greatness of a kid in his 20s… It was an unbelievable situation and Patrick Mahomes is unbelievable.” Danny Parkins explains why both things can be true:

“It was an unbelievable offensive situation to be dropped into but it to me doesn’t at all take away from the historic greatness of a kid in his 20s… It was an unbelievable situation and Patrick Mahomes is unbelievable.” Danny Parkins explains why both things can be true:

First Things First

44,818 views • 11 months ago

why did we put chaar diwari inside of a bacterium's dna? because a silicon chip can only fit transistors till the size of atoms. however, a single gram of DNA is so dense that theoretically it can store over 200 petabytes of data. DNA is so durable that info on it can survive for hundreds of years at room temperature. tldr; DNA can be silicon chips and even better. and biocompute is early. $3500 per MB, is a cost that most DNA companies put it. mainly because DNA is expensive to make from scratch. but a chemical engineer from BITS Pilani thought what if there's no making it from scratch and we just pick it out of abundant bacteria? at 23, Anagha is chasing the impossible. and all this is happening in a small lab in 1st Block Koramangla, Bengaluru. her cost? $1 per MB. a person who deeply cares. that's what india needs. but she wants to go further, $1 per TB of storage. which is theoretically possible with a 'micro-fluid' drive. beating the cost of existing storage solutions at $5-6 per TB. and hence, to show this one of a kind journey, chaar diwari is now immortalised inside of a bacteria's dna.

why did we put chaar diwari inside of a bacterium's dna? because a silicon chip can only fit transistors till the size of atoms. however, a single gram of DNA is so dense that theoretically it can store over 200 petabytes of data. DNA is so durable that info on it can survive for hundreds of years at room temperature. tldr; DNA can be silicon chips and even better. and biocompute is early. $3500 per MB, is a cost that most DNA companies put it. mainly because DNA is expensive to make from scratch. but a chemical engineer from BITS Pilani thought what if there's no making it from scratch and we just pick it out of abundant bacteria? at 23, Anagha is chasing the impossible. and all this is happening in a small lab in 1st Block Koramangla, Bengaluru. her cost? $1 per MB. a person who deeply cares. that's what india needs. but she wants to go further, $1 per TB of storage. which is theoretically possible with a 'micro-fluid' drive. beating the cost of existing storage solutions at $5-6 per TB. and hence, to show this one of a kind journey, chaar diwari is now immortalised inside of a bacteria's dna.

vyom

265,447 views • 2 months ago

"It's a permanent fixture of their genome now" "Can the little pieces of DNA that are in the [mRNA] vaccine ever get into the human genome?" The internet dare that led to a stunning confirmation of Kevin McKernan's evidence of DNA contamination: "This is basically an internet dare that somebody put me up to, somebody else had done this and I said this is crazy, so I did it myself....and lo and behold, I discovered a bunch of DNA pieces in the [Pfizer] mRNA vaccines" Phillip Buckhaults, PhD Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & Professor of Molecular Biology & Genetics, testified at the South Carolina Senate, telling the World: “The Pfizer vaccine is contaminated with Plasmid DNA, it's not just mRNA...it's got bits of DNA in it [and I know] because I sequenced it in my own lab”

"It's a permanent fixture of their genome now" "Can the little pieces of DNA that are in the [mRNA] vaccine ever get into the human genome?" The internet dare that led to a stunning confirmation of Kevin McKernan's evidence of DNA contamination: "This is basically an internet dare that somebody put me up to, somebody else had done this and I said this is crazy, so I did it myself....and lo and behold, I discovered a bunch of DNA pieces in the [Pfizer] mRNA vaccines" Phillip Buckhaults, PhD Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & Professor of Molecular Biology & Genetics, testified at the South Carolina Senate, telling the World: “The Pfizer vaccine is contaminated with Plasmid DNA, it's not just mRNA...it's got bits of DNA in it [and I know] because I sequenced it in my own lab”

Humanspective

90,510 views • 1 year ago

In other words, this vaccine will forever change your DNA. They say it’s not going to change the genome or affect the genome in any way, or it’s not gene therapy, but I beg to differ. “The Pfizer vaccine is contaminated with plasmid DNA, it's not just mRNA...I'm kind of alarmed about the possible consequences of this...It could be causing some of the rare, but serious, side effects like death from cardiac arrest...This DNA can and likely will integrate into the genomic DNA of cells that got transfected with the vaccine mix...It's different from RNA because it can be permanent...It could cause theoretically...a sustained autoimmune attack towards that tissue. It's also a very real theoretical risk of future cancer in some people...There's probably about 200 billion pieces of this plasmid DNA in each dose of the vaccine...This is a bad idea."

In other words, this vaccine will forever change your DNA. They say it’s not going to change the genome or affect the genome in any way, or it’s not gene therapy, but I beg to differ. “The Pfizer vaccine is contaminated with plasmid DNA, it's not just mRNA...I'm kind of alarmed about the possible consequences of this...It could be causing some of the rare, but serious, side effects like death from cardiac arrest...This DNA can and likely will integrate into the genomic DNA of cells that got transfected with the vaccine mix...It's different from RNA because it can be permanent...It could cause theoretically...a sustained autoimmune attack towards that tissue. It's also a very real theoretical risk of future cancer in some people...There's probably about 200 billion pieces of this plasmid DNA in each dose of the vaccine...This is a bad idea."

Dr. Ben Tapper

364,143 views • 2 years ago

On average, it takes roughly 10 to 15 years to go from target discovery to regulatory approval for a new drug in the United States. Advanced AI systems can help researchers move faster — not just by making existing work more efficient, but by helping scientists explore more possibilities, surface connections that might otherwise be missed, and arrive at better hypotheses sooner.

On average, it takes roughly 10 to 15 years to go from target discovery to regulatory approval for a new drug in the United States. Advanced AI systems can help researchers move faster — not just by making existing work more efficient, but by helping scientists explore more possibilities, surface connections that might otherwise be missed, and arrive at better hypotheses sooner.

OpenAI

108,440 views • 4 months ago

🚨EPSTEIN FILES STATE THE CREATED NEANDERTHALS CLONES Clones of Neanderthals were created in underground tunnels as stated in the Epstein files released by the DOJ government in 2026. It is impossible to ignore the truth at this point. The truth is stranger than fiction and we have not heard anything stranger than this happening in real life. Per Charlie T Griffen The first studies of Neanderthal DNA focused on the genetic sequences of mitochondria, the microscopic organelles that convert food to energy within cells. In 2005, however, 454 began a collaborative project with the Max Planck Institute in Leipzig, Germany, to sequence the full genetic code of a Neanderthal woman who died in Croatia's Vindija cave 30,000 years ago. As the Neanderthal genome is painstakingly sequenced, the archaeologists and biologists who study it will be faced with an opportunity that seemed like science fiction just 10 years ago. They will be able to look at the genetic blueprint of humankind's nearest relative and understand its biology as intimately as our own. In addition to giving scientists the ability to answer questions about Neanderthals' relationship to our own species--did we interbreed, are we separate species, who was smarter--the Neanderthal genome may be useful in researching medical treatments. Newly developed techniques could make cloning Neanderthal cells or body parts a reality within a few years. The ability to use the genes of extinct hominins is going to force the field of paleoanthropology into some unfamiliar ethical territory. There are still technical obstacles, but soon it could be possible to use that long-extinct genome to safely create a healthy, living Neanderthal clone. Should it be done? At the 454 Life Sciences offices, Gerald Irzyk, Jason Affourtit, and Thomas Jarvie explain the process they use to read the chemicals that made up Neanderthal DNA and the genes that determined a large part of their biology. DNA has a shape, called a double helix, that makes it look like a twisted ladder. Each rung on the ladder is called a base-pair. The rungs are made up of a pair of chemicals called nucleotides--adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine, which are usually referred to by their first initials. The sequence of the nucleotides in the DNA determines what genes an organism has and how they function. Max Planck Institute initially chose 454 because it had come up with a way to read hundreds of thousands of DNA sequences at a time. Genome-sequencing technology is advancing at a rate comparable to computer processing power. Putting the fragments themselves in order can be a little tricky. "At first glance, it's just this completely random assemblage of As, Ts, Cs, and Gs," says Irzyk. "But it turns out there are patterns and motifs, and sometimes these are very specific to a group of organisms." For the Neanderthal sample, the human and chimpanzee genomes were used as references for checking the sequence. Working with ancient DNA can be much more problematic than sequencing genetic material from living species. Within hours of death, cells begin to break down in a process called apoptosis. The dying cells release enzymes that chop up DNA into tiny pieces. In a human cell, this means that the entire three-billion-base-pair genome is reduced to fragments a few hundred base-pairs long or shorter. The DNA also goes through chemical changes that alter the nucleotides as it ages--C changes into T, and G turns into A--which can cause the gene sequence to be interpreted incorrectly. In the case of the Neanderthal sample, somewhere between 90 and 99 percent of the DNA came from bacteria and other contaminants that had found their way into the bone as it sat in the ground and in storage. The contaminant DNA has to be identified and eliminated. Given the similarity between Neanderthal and modern human DNA, this can be especially difficult when the contamination comes from the people who excavated or analyzed the bone.

🚨EPSTEIN FILES STATE THE CREATED NEANDERTHALS CLONES Clones of Neanderthals were created in underground tunnels as stated in the Epstein files released by the DOJ government in 2026. It is impossible to ignore the truth at this point. The truth is stranger than fiction and we have not heard anything stranger than this happening in real life. Per Charlie T Griffen The first studies of Neanderthal DNA focused on the genetic sequences of mitochondria, the microscopic organelles that convert food to energy within cells. In 2005, however, 454 began a collaborative project with the Max Planck Institute in Leipzig, Germany, to sequence the full genetic code of a Neanderthal woman who died in Croatia's Vindija cave 30,000 years ago. As the Neanderthal genome is painstakingly sequenced, the archaeologists and biologists who study it will be faced with an opportunity that seemed like science fiction just 10 years ago. They will be able to look at the genetic blueprint of humankind's nearest relative and understand its biology as intimately as our own. In addition to giving scientists the ability to answer questions about Neanderthals' relationship to our own species--did we interbreed, are we separate species, who was smarter--the Neanderthal genome may be useful in researching medical treatments. Newly developed techniques could make cloning Neanderthal cells or body parts a reality within a few years. The ability to use the genes of extinct hominins is going to force the field of paleoanthropology into some unfamiliar ethical territory. There are still technical obstacles, but soon it could be possible to use that long-extinct genome to safely create a healthy, living Neanderthal clone. Should it be done? At the 454 Life Sciences offices, Gerald Irzyk, Jason Affourtit, and Thomas Jarvie explain the process they use to read the chemicals that made up Neanderthal DNA and the genes that determined a large part of their biology. DNA has a shape, called a double helix, that makes it look like a twisted ladder. Each rung on the ladder is called a base-pair. The rungs are made up of a pair of chemicals called nucleotides--adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine, which are usually referred to by their first initials. The sequence of the nucleotides in the DNA determines what genes an organism has and how they function. Max Planck Institute initially chose 454 because it had come up with a way to read hundreds of thousands of DNA sequences at a time. Genome-sequencing technology is advancing at a rate comparable to computer processing power. Putting the fragments themselves in order can be a little tricky. "At first glance, it's just this completely random assemblage of As, Ts, Cs, and Gs," says Irzyk. "But it turns out there are patterns and motifs, and sometimes these are very specific to a group of organisms." For the Neanderthal sample, the human and chimpanzee genomes were used as references for checking the sequence. Working with ancient DNA can be much more problematic than sequencing genetic material from living species. Within hours of death, cells begin to break down in a process called apoptosis. The dying cells release enzymes that chop up DNA into tiny pieces. In a human cell, this means that the entire three-billion-base-pair genome is reduced to fragments a few hundred base-pairs long or shorter. The DNA also goes through chemical changes that alter the nucleotides as it ages--C changes into T, and G turns into A--which can cause the gene sequence to be interpreted incorrectly. In the case of the Neanderthal sample, somewhere between 90 and 99 percent of the DNA came from bacteria and other contaminants that had found their way into the bone as it sat in the ground and in storage. The contaminant DNA has to be identified and eliminated. Given the similarity between Neanderthal and modern human DNA, this can be especially difficult when the contamination comes from the people who excavated or analyzed the bone.

SANTINO

54,154 views • 5 months ago

Kelly Ryerson just announced a major win against Big Chem. The EPA can no longer rely on the fake study they used for decades to defend glyphosate. “I have some great news from the glyphosate cancer world.” “There is a paper that was published in 2000. It is called the Williams paper. This study has been relied on by the EPA for two decades to claim that glyphosate does not cause cancer.” “Well, during the cancer litigation, the lawyers found that that paper was actually ghostwritten by Monsanto and that it was fraudulent science.” “We've been telling the EPA, ‘you shouldn't rely on this paper,’ but they still have been.” “That paper was just retracted from the academic journal where it was originally published for exactly these reasons, that it was fraudulent science.” “So now the EPA will not be able to rely on this foundational piece that they always point to to claim that glyphosate does not cause cancer.” “So that is a win today in the pesticide world.”

Kelly Ryerson just announced a major win against Big Chem. The EPA can no longer rely on the fake study they used for decades to defend glyphosate. “I have some great news from the glyphosate cancer world.” “There is a paper that was published in 2000. It is called the Williams paper. This study has been relied on by the EPA for two decades to claim that glyphosate does not cause cancer.” “Well, during the cancer litigation, the lawyers found that that paper was actually ghostwritten by Monsanto and that it was fraudulent science.” “We've been telling the EPA, ‘you shouldn't rely on this paper,’ but they still have been.” “That paper was just retracted from the academic journal where it was originally published for exactly these reasons, that it was fraudulent science.” “So now the EPA will not be able to rely on this foundational piece that they always point to to claim that glyphosate does not cause cancer.” “So that is a win today in the pesticide world.”

MAHA Action

28,250 views • 8 months ago

ELON: I’M PHYSICS-PILLED, I BELIEVE IN WHAT CAN BE PREDICTED Elon spoke about spirituality and science, saying that while people’s spiritual experiences are real to them, his focus is on what can be proven through evidence and prediction. He described physics as the study of what truly holds predictive power: “I mean, a lot of people have spiritual feelings, and I wouldn’t try to deny that those feelings are real to them. But it doesn’t entirely translate. Just because somebody else has a spiritual feeling doesn’t mean that I would have that same feeling. I tend to be kind of physics-pilled, which is like, if something has predictive value, then I pay more attention to it than if it doesn’t. Physics, I would say, is the study of that which has predictive value.” Source: Nikhil Kamath

ELON: I’M PHYSICS-PILLED, I BELIEVE IN WHAT CAN BE PREDICTED Elon spoke about spirituality and science, saying that while people’s spiritual experiences are real to them, his focus is on what can be proven through evidence and prediction. He described physics as the study of what truly holds predictive power: “I mean, a lot of people have spiritual feelings, and I wouldn’t try to deny that those feelings are real to them. But it doesn’t entirely translate. Just because somebody else has a spiritual feeling doesn’t mean that I would have that same feeling. I tend to be kind of physics-pilled, which is like, if something has predictive value, then I pay more attention to it than if it doesn’t. Physics, I would say, is the study of that which has predictive value.” Source: Nikhil Kamath

Mario Nawfal

94,926 views • 8 months ago

Kevin McKernan issues a warning about the "genomic integration" story. Big Pharma wants you to get lost in proving integration, when the DNA contamination is "inhibiting p53", which is an oncogenic driver. Kevin McKernan: "I think the integration story is a little bit of a misdirection." "Pharmaceutical companies are asking everyone to look for that, and unless you find that, it doesn't matter." "That's not true. In fact, the moment the DNA gets into the cell, it triggers a particular pathway that can be oncogenic, known as the cGAS-STING pathway." "It's an inflammatory response because it sees bacterial DNA in a cell, and it thinks you're septic. So, you get this massive cytokine and interferon response. The transfection of the DNA into the cells is the problem because it comes from bacteria. Since it's bacterial DNA, it has some methylation signals that trigger a certain response." "I think that's the main issue that we're probably seeing in more of the acute side of the reactions. If it's proven that they've integrated that, of course, it might be playing a role in cancer. But once that DNA has gotten into the cell, it's inhibiting p53. That's where it should end. If any shot has a p53 inhibitor that was never disclosed, it should be banned from the marketplace, and the people who did it and hid it from the regulator should be in jail." Kevin McKernan also mentioned in another podcast the amount of regulatory red tape that scientists have to go through to prove integration is immense. This is why Big Pharma want you to focus on that.

Kevin McKernan issues a warning about the "genomic integration" story. Big Pharma wants you to get lost in proving integration, when the DNA contamination is "inhibiting p53", which is an oncogenic driver. Kevin McKernan: "I think the integration story is a little bit of a misdirection." "Pharmaceutical companies are asking everyone to look for that, and unless you find that, it doesn't matter." "That's not true. In fact, the moment the DNA gets into the cell, it triggers a particular pathway that can be oncogenic, known as the cGAS-STING pathway." "It's an inflammatory response because it sees bacterial DNA in a cell, and it thinks you're septic. So, you get this massive cytokine and interferon response. The transfection of the DNA into the cells is the problem because it comes from bacteria. Since it's bacterial DNA, it has some methylation signals that trigger a certain response." "I think that's the main issue that we're probably seeing in more of the acute side of the reactions. If it's proven that they've integrated that, of course, it might be playing a role in cancer. But once that DNA has gotten into the cell, it's inhibiting p53. That's where it should end. If any shot has a p53 inhibitor that was never disclosed, it should be banned from the marketplace, and the people who did it and hid it from the regulator should be in jail." Kevin McKernan also mentioned in another podcast the amount of regulatory red tape that scientists have to go through to prove integration is immense. This is why Big Pharma want you to focus on that.

Humanspective

45,236 views • 10 months ago