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A supernova explosion in the galaxy NGC 2442 This distant explosion occurred approximately 60 million years ago, around the time the dinosaurs on Earth were going extinct. The dying star's luminosity was billions of times greater than that of our Sun and comparable to the entire center of the...

62,116 просмотров • 2 месяцев назад •via X (Twitter)

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A one-in-a-million chance—and it happened. A team from the Technical University of Munich spent six years compiling a list of promising gravitational lenses and waiting for a supernova to explode behind one of them. In August 2025, it happened. A superluminous supernova 10 billion light-years away was located precisely behind two foreground galaxies—and its light, bent by gravity, produced five images of the same explosion. Typically, lenses produce two or four—five was a surprise even to the authors. The supernova was named SN Winny. The odds of such a coincidence are less than one in a million. But the value of the discovery is enormous. Light from the supernova travels to us along different paths around the lensing galaxies, and each path has its own length. Because of this, the five copies appear with different time delays. By measuring these delays and knowing the mass distribution in the lensing galaxies, one can directly calculate the Hubble-Lemaître constant, or the rate of expansion of the Universe. How is this better than existing methods? The classic "cosmic distance scale" is a multi-step process, with errors accumulating from step to step. Microwave background radiation measurements are precise, but depend on models of the evolution of the Universe. The lensed supernova method is a single-step process, with completely different sources of error. SN Winny is particularly convenient: it is lensed by just two individual galaxies with a simple mass distribution, rather than a complex cluster. SN Winny is currently being observed by telescopes around the world. The results could bring us closer to resolving the Hubble controversy—the discrepancy between the two main methods for measuring the expansion rate.

Black Hole

180,892 просмотров • 3 месяцев назад

Yes, the Universe possesses a high degree of self-organization, which under certain conditions can give rise to life and, eventually, to intelligent beings. However, when we consider the history of the Solar System’s formation and the subsequent emergence and evolution of life on Earth, it is difficult to escape a sense of profound improbability in this process. This gives rise to the thought that the Universe may not be unique. We know the age of our Universe, its vast scale, and the immense number of planets it contains. And yet, it is hard to believe that such a complex and finely tuned sequence of events leading to the emergence of human beings occurred for the very first time precisely here. It seems more plausible to assume that such cosmic scenarios did not arise immediately, but became possible through a long process of repetition and selection, before eventually becoming a relatively natural outcome. All of this suggests that the Multiverse may indeed be real, and that within its framework, long before our own Universe, Earth-like planets may have already emerged — complete with the rich conditions necessary for life and intelligence. : The author observes that the Universe exhibits strong self-organization, capable under the right conditions of producing life and eventually intelligent beings. Yet when we examine the detailed history of the Solar System’s formation, Earth’s emergence, and the intricate evolutionary path to humanity, the entire sequence feels profoundly improbable. Given the known age of the Universe, its enormous scale, and the countless planets it contains, it becomes difficult to accept that such a finely tuned cascade of events leading to conscious life occurred only once, right here. The more plausible explanation is that these conditions did not appear immediately or by chance in a single attempt. Instead, they emerged through countless repetitions and variations across vast cosmic time, gradually becoming a relatively common outcome. This reasoning strongly supports the reality of a Multiverse. In its immense framework, countless universes would have preceded our own, many of them giving rise to Earth-like planets with the precise conditions required for life and intelligence long before ours. What seems miraculous in isolation becomes almost inevitable when viewed across an ensemble of possibilities. The improbability of our existence in a single universe dissolves into the natural probability of many. The Multiverse is not a retreat from explanation. It is the logical extension of the same self-organization we already observe.

Zafar Mirzo | Quotes

2,119,331 просмотров • 4 месяцев назад