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Are We Alone? Measuring vast cosmic distances requires specialized units tailored to the immense scales of the universe. From solar system explorations to intergalactic studies, we employ various distance units to describe the cosmos. 1. Astronomical Unit (AU) Definition: An astronomical unit equals the average distance between Earth and...

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Erika 

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15,378 просмотров • 1 год назад •via X (Twitter)

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Комментарии: 10

Фото профиля Black In White
Black In White1 год назад

No we are not alone...Our tools can barely grasp the scale of the cosmos, let alone its secrets.

Фото профиля LVS
LVS1 год назад

“Two possibilities exist: either we are alone in the Universe or we are not. Both are equally terrifying. - Arthur C. Clarke

Фото профиля Darren Crooks
Darren Crooks1 год назад

Excellent video and lucid explanation of cosmic units of measurement. Thank you.

Фото профиля Communism Sucks
Communism Sucks1 год назад

I think there might be some fungus or like...mold nothing with a brain like us

Фото профиля neto
neto1 год назад

Os Jainas desenvolveram cálculos de distância e tempo desde a distância de movimento do átomo em torno de si até distâncias de 15 cifras. A hora tem 48 minutos, por exemplo, o dia 30 horas. 15 dias é uma unidade específica tbm para eles. Muito interessante.

Фото профиля Roberto Domista
Roberto Domista1 год назад

awesome video 👍

Фото профиля Javier Cuesta
Javier Cuesta1 год назад

No. Life arises from randomness. It only needs the necessary chemical elements and favorable conditions for chemical reactions can cause a statistically high number of probabilities of successful combinations. Life must be very common in Universe.

Фото профиля Oh Steve 🍁🎵 ✨🪐🌊
Oh Steve 🍁🎵 ✨🪐🌊1 год назад

We may never know. Like AC Clarke, I'm torn between wanting to know and being afraid to know.

Фото профиля Jair Alvarez 🇺🇲
Jair Alvarez 🇺🇲1 год назад

We are not alone 👽 but the Universe's 🌟 size blows my mind we are standing in a surface of giant ball 🌎 floating in space.

Фото профиля A Pale Blue Dot
A Pale Blue Dot1 год назад

I though you just wrote a book in this post

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A one-in-a-million chance—and it happened. A team from the Technical University of Munich spent six years compiling a list of promising gravitational lenses and waiting for a supernova to explode behind one of them. In August 2025, it happened. A superluminous supernova 10 billion light-years away was located precisely behind two foreground galaxies—and its light, bent by gravity, produced five images of the same explosion. Typically, lenses produce two or four—five was a surprise even to the authors. The supernova was named SN Winny. The odds of such a coincidence are less than one in a million. But the value of the discovery is enormous. Light from the supernova travels to us along different paths around the lensing galaxies, and each path has its own length. Because of this, the five copies appear with different time delays. By measuring these delays and knowing the mass distribution in the lensing galaxies, one can directly calculate the Hubble-Lemaître constant, or the rate of expansion of the Universe. How is this better than existing methods? The classic "cosmic distance scale" is a multi-step process, with errors accumulating from step to step. Microwave background radiation measurements are precise, but depend on models of the evolution of the Universe. The lensed supernova method is a single-step process, with completely different sources of error. SN Winny is particularly convenient: it is lensed by just two individual galaxies with a simple mass distribution, rather than a complex cluster. SN Winny is currently being observed by telescopes around the world. The results could bring us closer to resolving the Hubble controversy—the discrepancy between the two main methods for measuring the expansion rate.
0:54

A one-in-a-million chance—and it happened. A team from the Technical University of Munich spent six years compiling a list of promising gravitational lenses and waiting for a supernova to explode behind one of them. In August 2025, it happened. A superluminous supernova 10 billion light-years away was located precisely behind two foreground galaxies—and its light, bent by gravity, produced five images of the same explosion. Typically, lenses produce two or four—five was a surprise even to the authors. The supernova was named SN Winny. The odds of such a coincidence are less than one in a million. But the value of the discovery is enormous. Light from the supernova travels to us along different paths around the lensing galaxies, and each path has its own length. Because of this, the five copies appear with different time delays. By measuring these delays and knowing the mass distribution in the lensing galaxies, one can directly calculate the Hubble-Lemaître constant, or the rate of expansion of the Universe. How is this better than existing methods? The classic "cosmic distance scale" is a multi-step process, with errors accumulating from step to step. Microwave background radiation measurements are precise, but depend on models of the evolution of the Universe. The lensed supernova method is a single-step process, with completely different sources of error. SN Winny is particularly convenient: it is lensed by just two individual galaxies with a simple mass distribution, rather than a complex cluster. SN Winny is currently being observed by telescopes around the world. The results could bring us closer to resolving the Hubble controversy—the discrepancy between the two main methods for measuring the expansion rate.

Black Hole

180,949 просмотров • 4 месяцев назад

Brian Cox is pointing at one dot. The dot is a galaxy with 100 billion stars. There are 200 billion more on the same map. The thin line at the top of that map represents a billion light-years. At the speed of light, it would take a billion years to cross that sliver. The math gets stranger. The observable universe holds roughly 30 sextillion stars. Every grain of sand on every beach on Earth combined is about 7.5 sextillion. The universe has 4x more stars than Earth has sand. The deeper number is which of those galaxies you can ever actually reach. Dark energy is accelerating cosmic expansion. Space itself is stretching faster than light can cross it. The cosmic event horizon sits at roughly 16 billion light-years from Earth. Anything past that is moving away from us faster than light can chase. We can see those galaxies because their photons left billions of years ago when the gap was small enough. We cannot reach them. We cannot send a signal. We cannot know what they look like now. 97% of the galaxies on Cox's map are already disconnected from our future. Visible artifacts of a past that has ended. Now look forward. In about 150 billion years, accelerating redshift will push every galaxy outside our Local Group beyond detection. Andromeda will have merged with the Milky Way. The other 199,999,999,999 galaxies will be invisible. Civilizations on planets around future stars will look up and see only one galaxy. Their telescopes will tell them the universe ends at the edge of the Local Group. They will not see cosmic background radiation. They will not observe expansion. They will not know about the Big Bang. The evidence will have receded past their light cone. Every astronomy textbook they could ever write would conclude the universe is small, static, and made of one galaxy. We exist in a 100-billion-year window where the universe is still legible. Before us, too hot, too dense, too young. After us, the lights go out one galaxy at a time. 30 sextillion stars on the map. A 100-billion-year window in which to read it. We exist inside the only overlap.
0:53

Brian Cox is pointing at one dot. The dot is a galaxy with 100 billion stars. There are 200 billion more on the same map. The thin line at the top of that map represents a billion light-years. At the speed of light, it would take a billion years to cross that sliver. The math gets stranger. The observable universe holds roughly 30 sextillion stars. Every grain of sand on every beach on Earth combined is about 7.5 sextillion. The universe has 4x more stars than Earth has sand. The deeper number is which of those galaxies you can ever actually reach. Dark energy is accelerating cosmic expansion. Space itself is stretching faster than light can cross it. The cosmic event horizon sits at roughly 16 billion light-years from Earth. Anything past that is moving away from us faster than light can chase. We can see those galaxies because their photons left billions of years ago when the gap was small enough. We cannot reach them. We cannot send a signal. We cannot know what they look like now. 97% of the galaxies on Cox's map are already disconnected from our future. Visible artifacts of a past that has ended. Now look forward. In about 150 billion years, accelerating redshift will push every galaxy outside our Local Group beyond detection. Andromeda will have merged with the Milky Way. The other 199,999,999,999 galaxies will be invisible. Civilizations on planets around future stars will look up and see only one galaxy. Their telescopes will tell them the universe ends at the edge of the Local Group. They will not see cosmic background radiation. They will not observe expansion. They will not know about the Big Bang. The evidence will have receded past their light cone. Every astronomy textbook they could ever write would conclude the universe is small, static, and made of one galaxy. We exist in a 100-billion-year window where the universe is still legible. Before us, too hot, too dense, too young. After us, the lights go out one galaxy at a time. 30 sextillion stars on the map. A 100-billion-year window in which to read it. We exist inside the only overlap.

Aakash Gupta

53,238 просмотров • 3 месяцев назад

There's a whole laundry list of proofs that I find independently convincing, but if I had to pick just one single argument to hang my hat on for why I believe the Earth is flat and stationary, it is the STARS & PLANETS, and their paths in the sky from Earth's POV. How do you explain in the heliocentric model, how every star traces perfect circles around the North Star, and every PLANET traces perfect sacred geometrical patterns around the North Star as well? According to the heliocentric model of the solar system (1st video) all of these spinning ball planets in the Milky Way are orbiting the SUN, at different speeds and path circumferences, at distance ranges from 36 million to 2.8 billion miles away from us. The North Star, NASA tells us, is 2.5 QUADRILLION miles away. Now tell me how all of these independent Sun-orbiting planets would trace PERFECT patterns around the North Star for 6,000+ years of recorded history? Venus literally creates a PERFECT flower of life pattern, which we see appear in nature here on Earth as well. Get the f*ck out of here if you think that's just a fluke cosmic accident. Not to mention, EVERY SINGLE CONSTELLATION has remained the exact same in our sky for 6,000 years? Not a single one has appeared or disappeared, while the universe is supposedly expanding at countless millions of miles per hour? Remember, these are all of Earth's movement vectors we are supposedly experiencing as we soar through the infinitely-expanding void of space 👇 🫨 1,000 MPH spinning around Earth's axis 🫨 66,600 MPH flying around Sun 🫨 500,000 MPH flying through the galaxy 🫨 1,300,000 MPH entire galaxy flying through space 🫨 All while the entire universe is EXPANDING, speeding all of these vectors up and warping the directions in different/random ways 🫨 ALL OF THE STARS we see are flying in different directions too, at their own incomprehensible speeds And yet, the stars we see in the night sky have never changed. Ever. I'm sorry but the "it's parallax" response from the globers doesn't cut it for me - that sounds like a glaring example of starting with a pre-determined conclusion in mind, and making anything up in the middle in order to get to that conclusion. (I WILL GRANT HOWEVER, that at least the parallax effect is something we can visibly see and experience on the micro level—unlike "gravity"—so I will concede that it obviously exists. I just don't believe that it explains all of the above motions, distances, and perfection of consistency in the patterns created by the cosmology we observe). Every ounce of my common sense-trusting brain tells me that all of these insanely huge numbers are just brain-numbing nonsense to obfuscate away from the far-simpler truth: that NONE of these incomprehensible speeds/distances are even happening at all, and rather, the Earth is flat and stationary, and these unchanging constellations and planetary movements are indeed revolving around US. The North Star (Polaris) lies directly above the North Pole, and does not move. The stars and planets rotate around the North Star, above Earth. Just as it looks and feels. I dove into way more nuance on all of these concepts in the first 3 Parts of the 5-Part Flat Earth video series I made for my podcast, which I will link below. WATCH THOSE VIDEOS. And as always, if you have refuting points to share, please drop them in the comments below so we can discuss! #FlatEarth
0:33

There's a whole laundry list of proofs that I find independently convincing, but if I had to pick just one single argument to hang my hat on for why I believe the Earth is flat and stationary, it is the STARS & PLANETS, and their paths in the sky from Earth's POV. How do you explain in the heliocentric model, how every star traces perfect circles around the North Star, and every PLANET traces perfect sacred geometrical patterns around the North Star as well? According to the heliocentric model of the solar system (1st video) all of these spinning ball planets in the Milky Way are orbiting the SUN, at different speeds and path circumferences, at distance ranges from 36 million to 2.8 billion miles away from us. The North Star, NASA tells us, is 2.5 QUADRILLION miles away. Now tell me how all of these independent Sun-orbiting planets would trace PERFECT patterns around the North Star for 6,000+ years of recorded history? Venus literally creates a PERFECT flower of life pattern, which we see appear in nature here on Earth as well. Get the f*ck out of here if you think that's just a fluke cosmic accident. Not to mention, EVERY SINGLE CONSTELLATION has remained the exact same in our sky for 6,000 years? Not a single one has appeared or disappeared, while the universe is supposedly expanding at countless millions of miles per hour? Remember, these are all of Earth's movement vectors we are supposedly experiencing as we soar through the infinitely-expanding void of space 👇 🫨 1,000 MPH spinning around Earth's axis 🫨 66,600 MPH flying around Sun 🫨 500,000 MPH flying through the galaxy 🫨 1,300,000 MPH entire galaxy flying through space 🫨 All while the entire universe is EXPANDING, speeding all of these vectors up and warping the directions in different/random ways 🫨 ALL OF THE STARS we see are flying in different directions too, at their own incomprehensible speeds And yet, the stars we see in the night sky have never changed. Ever. I'm sorry but the "it's parallax" response from the globers doesn't cut it for me - that sounds like a glaring example of starting with a pre-determined conclusion in mind, and making anything up in the middle in order to get to that conclusion. (I WILL GRANT HOWEVER, that at least the parallax effect is something we can visibly see and experience on the micro level—unlike "gravity"—so I will concede that it obviously exists. I just don't believe that it explains all of the above motions, distances, and perfection of consistency in the patterns created by the cosmology we observe). Every ounce of my common sense-trusting brain tells me that all of these insanely huge numbers are just brain-numbing nonsense to obfuscate away from the far-simpler truth: that NONE of these incomprehensible speeds/distances are even happening at all, and rather, the Earth is flat and stationary, and these unchanging constellations and planetary movements are indeed revolving around US. The North Star (Polaris) lies directly above the North Pole, and does not move. The stars and planets rotate around the North Star, above Earth. Just as it looks and feels. I dove into way more nuance on all of these concepts in the first 3 Parts of the 5-Part Flat Earth video series I made for my podcast, which I will link below. WATCH THOSE VIDEOS. And as always, if you have refuting points to share, please drop them in the comments below so we can discuss! #FlatEarth

₿en Wehrman

11,940 просмотров • 3 месяцев назад

You're looking at the longest X-ray timelapse of a supernova ever captured. In 1604, a brilliant new star suddenly blazed in the night sky, surpassing Jupiter in brightness for weeks. This spectacle marked the explosive death of a white dwarf in a Type Ia supernova—one of the universe's most energetic cataclysms. Over 400 years later, astronomers continue to observe its expanding aftermath. Drawing on 25 years of X-ray observations from NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory (spanning 2000 to 2025), scientists have created the longest-ever X-ray timelapse of Kepler’s Supernova Remnant. This glowing shell of debris, located about 17,000 light-years away in our Milky Way, appears as it plows through interstellar space. The remnant expands unevenly: the lower edge races outward at up to 13.8 million miles per hour (22.2 million km/h)—roughly 2% the speed of light—while the upper regions move more slowly, around 4 million miles per hour (6.4 million km/h), due to encounters with denser surrounding gas. These asymmetries allow researchers to map the pre-explosion environment and refine models of the blast itself. Beyond destruction, such supernovae enrich the cosmos by forging and dispersing heavy elements essential for forming new stars, planets, and ultimately, life. Through enduring missions like Chandra, we gain a front-row view to these ancient events, revealing how the echoes of stellar deaths persistently sculpt the evolving universe. ["Supernova Remnant Video From NASA’s Chandra Is Decades in Making." NASA, 2026]
0:30

You're looking at the longest X-ray timelapse of a supernova ever captured. In 1604, a brilliant new star suddenly blazed in the night sky, surpassing Jupiter in brightness for weeks. This spectacle marked the explosive death of a white dwarf in a Type Ia supernova—one of the universe's most energetic cataclysms. Over 400 years later, astronomers continue to observe its expanding aftermath. Drawing on 25 years of X-ray observations from NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory (spanning 2000 to 2025), scientists have created the longest-ever X-ray timelapse of Kepler’s Supernova Remnant. This glowing shell of debris, located about 17,000 light-years away in our Milky Way, appears as it plows through interstellar space. The remnant expands unevenly: the lower edge races outward at up to 13.8 million miles per hour (22.2 million km/h)—roughly 2% the speed of light—while the upper regions move more slowly, around 4 million miles per hour (6.4 million km/h), due to encounters with denser surrounding gas. These asymmetries allow researchers to map the pre-explosion environment and refine models of the blast itself. Beyond destruction, such supernovae enrich the cosmos by forging and dispersing heavy elements essential for forming new stars, planets, and ultimately, life. Through enduring missions like Chandra, we gain a front-row view to these ancient events, revealing how the echoes of stellar deaths persistently sculpt the evolving universe. ["Supernova Remnant Video From NASA’s Chandra Is Decades in Making." NASA, 2026]

Massimo

32,866 просмотров • 6 месяцев назад

Thought experiment for people regarding the concept of Absolute Time. Absolute means NO EXCEPTIONS. We are NOT looking back in time when we see galaxies and stars. We are NOT looking back in time 1.25 seconds when we see the moon. We're Not looking back in time 3 minutes when we see Mars. We're Not looking back in time 8.33 minutes when we see the Sun. If an astronaut lit a matchstick on Mars, the distant observer would see predator heat waves at the top of the matchstick in real-time while the matchstick started to blacken towards the astronaut's fingers. But there would be no orange light from that chemical reaction or flame seen. If the matchstick burnt out before the packet of orange light from that particular chemical reaction made it to Earth… then the distant observer would just see a disembodied orange flash of light with a lag. But the Earth-bound observer would never actually see the flame associated with the orange wavelength it put out. The wavelength of color emitted by the flame is not a recording of reality. If the orange light is 650 Thz, that means there are 650 trillion individual and separate bursts of orange light pulsating in 1 second. NOT that "the same light" is "waving" 650 trillion times a second and that light is a recording of reality. There are 650 trillion brand-new lights flashing in 1 second. Each Hertz is a brand-new emission and packet unto itself. Time does not re-emit 650 trillion times a second, nor is a photon a particle or a packet of reality acting like the frame of a reel of footage. The orange light that already left the flame will continue to propagate out until it meets the electrons making up the distant observer. But remember, it is never the same light within that packet. And the electrons making up the observer will absorb all of those different lights within that packet and re-emit brand-new lights that produce the product of illumination. A photon is a massless packet of energy, spherically expanding at the rate of c from the source it comes from. Illumination is the result of that energy being absorbed and RE-emitted by any other electrons that did not output that primary packet. But time is not associated with the same light. It's never the same light and time does not re-emit between packets. Time is not relative. Do NOT allow your mind Carte Blanche to think along the lines of relative time. DROP IT for this thought experiment. We are thinking along the lines of ABSOLUTE TIME/ Galilean VARIANCE. What does absolute time mean? It means time is constant in ALL frames of reference. Any frequency shifts between atomic clocks IS a literal change in the speed of light. But relativity forbids the speed of light from Ever changing, so relativity (Lorentz INVARIANCE) invented the concept of the 4th dimension and space-time. Because Relativity doesn't allow light speed to shift.. they interpret the same frequency shift between atomic clocks as being conclusive, irrefutable evidence that time and reality itself shifts. Rather than say it's just that ONE clock being affected by Earth's gravity and the oscillation of that ONE cesium clock is being altered compared to other clocks. People don't realize that in relativity... time dilation is SYMMETRICAL! Not even most relativists know their own theory. If Clock A and Clock B are synchronized and together... and then they accelerate apart... Einstein said Clock A would see Clock B as being slower itself. And Clock B would view Clock A as slower than ITself. NOT that only one observer would see back in time and the other would see forward or not at all. No... BOTH observers are supposed to see each other BACK in time relative to each other according to Einstein and the consequence of the math. It doesn't make ANY sense!! But relativists toss that part of time dilation under their 4th dimensional rug. The rug is woven from threads of gold that only the smart people can see apparently. So... here's a thought experiment/ Gedankenexperiment for absolute time. NO paradoxes... no nonsense or confusion. What do you see in a club? You see disco lights changing and a color wheel effect. You see everyone in REAL-TIME. Not just because they are so close to the lights. Light is not a recording of reality. Light is simply color. Illuminating reality in a certain color. Just because you can't see something yet or the color hasn't reached you doesn't mean it isn't happening in real-time. Zoom out and look at the people in the club through binoculars a mile away. You are still looking at them in real-time. The colors are shifting with a delay in the club. Now look at the club through a telescope from the surface of the moon. You're still looking at the people in real-time. But now there is a lag of the colors shifting by 1.25 seconds because it takes light 1.25 seconds to travel from the Earth to the moon. Now look at the club through an even bigger telescope from the surface of Mars. You're still looking at the people in real-time, but now there is a lag of the colors shifting by 3 minutes because it takes light 3 minutes to travel from Earth to Mars. fr you are a third hypothetical observer zoomed out and watching the person from Mars AND seeing the club on Earth... you're still seeing everything happening in real-time as well. But you see the colored wavepackets traveling with a delay to the observer on Mars. And the disco color wheel effect is just lagging before it affects the observer from Mars and the observer on the Moon. It doesn't matter how far you zoom out! There is only now to observe. But there WILL be a lag and delay for a given color/wavepacket to reach distant observers. But all points in space are already illuminated by other starlight. So if you're too far away... you'll just see the club in real-time but without any disco lights. Just see them in white light because that's the source already illuminating the scene. This is where it gets the most difficult because people think light itself is a recording of reality that replays a scene from where it came from. But another punch in the gut of relativity is that in order to see REFLECTED light... that would require a TWO-WAY transit. Which means the light would have to be sent out... record the scene of a distant event and then RETURN in order to REplay the event. Which means it would take 6 minutes to see the club from Mars by that logic and 2.5 seconds to see the club from the moon by that logic. The difference in tick rates between clocks has NOTHING to do with time dilation. Wait.. what?! How can that be? Because a clock itself doesn't represent all of time and reality. The difference between clocks is a "Transverse relative time shift." If the only light in the universe was from the lighter… the only way a distant observer would be able to see the astronaut on Mars is if the astronaut held down the button of the lighter for longer than 3 minutes. It takes 3 minutes for the packet of light to travel from Mars to Earth. The distant observer would never be able to see Mars, unless the light stretched from Mars all the way to Earth, and illuminated the path between Mars and Earth. And that would take 3 minutes for the boundary and first part of that wave packet to reach Earth. But if the distant observer wanted to observe Mars in real-time… then that packet of light would have to be on for longer than 3 minutes. So if the astronaut on Mars flicked the lighter at 12:00, the distant observer on Earth wouldn't see anything until 12:03. If the light was on for 3 minutes and 10 seconds, and the distant observer is 3 light minutes away... the distant observer would be able to see Mars in real-time for 10 seconds starting at 12:03. In the 20 second video clip of the rotating planet with shifting colors... just imagine you're a couple light minutes or light seconds away. You're still seeing the planet spin in real-time. But there is simply a delay of switching colors. You are Not looking back in time. It's just a color wheel effect from a great distance away. That's it!! There are many major flaws which tarnish people's critical thinking on this thought experiment. 1. Light does NOT ricochet or bounce. Electrons absorb, emit and re-emit ALL electromagnetic radiation. The electrons, making up the glass of a mirror will absorb the incoming light and re-emit a brand-new light as an equal and opposite reaction. NOT that "the same light" bounced off the mirror and continued on within the same frame of reference.  2. Light is NOT a recording of reality. 3. It is NOT the same light being observed from a source. It's never the same light. Each Hertz is a new light. Think of half of a sine wave as being its own emission. On an oscilloscope, a stimulus generates a peak which initiates an equal and opposite trough. Or vice versa. That repeating process is not "the same light." If you cut and paste that sine wave to another sine wave, the boundary between the waves will always be in phase. (thus refraction) 4. The speed of light is NOT the same in ALL frames of reference, no matter what. 5. Light is NOT made of particles and waves that flip back-and-forth. 6. Time is NOT connected to the speed of light. Time remains constant regardless if you accelerate towards or away from a clock. The clocks themselves will indeed be off! But that's an affect on the electrons making up the atomic clock affecting the oscillation of the isotope which is ASSUMED to ALWAYS be the same. So ANY difference in oscillation is treated as a literal distortion in space-time. 7. Space and time are not linked at all. That is a mathematical artifice under Lorentz invariance. Time is relative under Lorentz invariance. But time is absolute under Galilean VARIANCE. When people hear or see the word GALILEAN... their brains switch to auto pilot to "aether theory" and "classical physics." What people don't realize is that aether theory used Galilean INVARIANCE. Rather than space-time being used as an excuse to explain the difference in frequencies between atomic clocks... it was originally aether being used as an excuse to keep the speed of light the same. But None of those things are valid! We are thinking under the framework of Galilean VARIANCE! Completely new revolutionary model returning to Isaac Newton and Classical physics but without the corpuscular theory (particle) theory for light... without a particle-wave duality... without an aether... without a 4th dimension. Just good ol elementary math within 3D Euclidean space. Everything happening in real-time, right now. This reformulation of Galilean transformations was offered by Dr. Edward Dowdye in 1991 called The Extinction Shift Principle. Effectivity as opposed to Relativity. If light required a two-way transit, in order to travel out… Record an event, and travel back to replay the recording…  then it would take 6 minutes to see the astronaut on Mars instead of 3.  Remember… They say the SAME light is a recording, and must travel there and travel back in order to REplay. Relativity says time is relative: t' ≠ t time is NOT the same from all frames of reference) and t = tₒ / √1 - v²/c² but Galilean Variance says time is not relative: t' = t (Time IS the same from all frames of reference) and τ_tr = τₒ / √1 - v²/c² Relativity says c' = c (The velocity of light is the same from all frames of reference) but Galilean variance says c' ≠ c (The velocity of light is NOT the same from all frames of reference) and that c' = c ± v (The velocity of light in one frame of reference is dependent upon the velocity of the light source relative to an observer in another frame of reference. Whether that light source is approaching or receding away from that observer) Relativity says E = mc² (Energy and mass are universally equivalent and literally interchangeable under All conditions.) but Galilean variance says E = Δmc² = mₒc² (Energy changes in a system are the result from changes in mass. mₒ represents the original mass. Mass and energy do not literally interchange. There is an equivalence, not an interchange.) The Rebirth of Classical Physics: Time, Light & Gravity Star light and illumination: Flicking a Lighter on Mars visual example:
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Thought experiment for people regarding the concept of Absolute Time. Absolute means NO EXCEPTIONS. We are NOT looking back in time when we see galaxies and stars. We are NOT looking back in time 1.25 seconds when we see the moon. We're Not looking back in time 3 minutes when we see Mars. We're Not looking back in time 8.33 minutes when we see the Sun. If an astronaut lit a matchstick on Mars, the distant observer would see predator heat waves at the top of the matchstick in real-time while the matchstick started to blacken towards the astronaut's fingers. But there would be no orange light from that chemical reaction or flame seen. If the matchstick burnt out before the packet of orange light from that particular chemical reaction made it to Earth… then the distant observer would just see a disembodied orange flash of light with a lag. But the Earth-bound observer would never actually see the flame associated with the orange wavelength it put out. The wavelength of color emitted by the flame is not a recording of reality. If the orange light is 650 Thz, that means there are 650 trillion individual and separate bursts of orange light pulsating in 1 second. NOT that "the same light" is "waving" 650 trillion times a second and that light is a recording of reality. There are 650 trillion brand-new lights flashing in 1 second. Each Hertz is a brand-new emission and packet unto itself. Time does not re-emit 650 trillion times a second, nor is a photon a particle or a packet of reality acting like the frame of a reel of footage. The orange light that already left the flame will continue to propagate out until it meets the electrons making up the distant observer. But remember, it is never the same light within that packet. And the electrons making up the observer will absorb all of those different lights within that packet and re-emit brand-new lights that produce the product of illumination. A photon is a massless packet of energy, spherically expanding at the rate of c from the source it comes from. Illumination is the result of that energy being absorbed and RE-emitted by any other electrons that did not output that primary packet. But time is not associated with the same light. It's never the same light and time does not re-emit between packets. Time is not relative. Do NOT allow your mind Carte Blanche to think along the lines of relative time. DROP IT for this thought experiment. We are thinking along the lines of ABSOLUTE TIME/ Galilean VARIANCE. What does absolute time mean? It means time is constant in ALL frames of reference. Any frequency shifts between atomic clocks IS a literal change in the speed of light. But relativity forbids the speed of light from Ever changing, so relativity (Lorentz INVARIANCE) invented the concept of the 4th dimension and space-time. Because Relativity doesn't allow light speed to shift.. they interpret the same frequency shift between atomic clocks as being conclusive, irrefutable evidence that time and reality itself shifts. Rather than say it's just that ONE clock being affected by Earth's gravity and the oscillation of that ONE cesium clock is being altered compared to other clocks. People don't realize that in relativity... time dilation is SYMMETRICAL! Not even most relativists know their own theory. If Clock A and Clock B are synchronized and together... and then they accelerate apart... Einstein said Clock A would see Clock B as being slower itself. And Clock B would view Clock A as slower than ITself. NOT that only one observer would see back in time and the other would see forward or not at all. No... BOTH observers are supposed to see each other BACK in time relative to each other according to Einstein and the consequence of the math. It doesn't make ANY sense!! But relativists toss that part of time dilation under their 4th dimensional rug. The rug is woven from threads of gold that only the smart people can see apparently. So... here's a thought experiment/ Gedankenexperiment for absolute time. NO paradoxes... no nonsense or confusion. What do you see in a club? You see disco lights changing and a color wheel effect. You see everyone in REAL-TIME. Not just because they are so close to the lights. Light is not a recording of reality. Light is simply color. Illuminating reality in a certain color. Just because you can't see something yet or the color hasn't reached you doesn't mean it isn't happening in real-time. Zoom out and look at the people in the club through binoculars a mile away. You are still looking at them in real-time. The colors are shifting with a delay in the club. Now look at the club through a telescope from the surface of the moon. You're still looking at the people in real-time. But now there is a lag of the colors shifting by 1.25 seconds because it takes light 1.25 seconds to travel from the Earth to the moon. Now look at the club through an even bigger telescope from the surface of Mars. You're still looking at the people in real-time, but now there is a lag of the colors shifting by 3 minutes because it takes light 3 minutes to travel from Earth to Mars. fr you are a third hypothetical observer zoomed out and watching the person from Mars AND seeing the club on Earth... you're still seeing everything happening in real-time as well. But you see the colored wavepackets traveling with a delay to the observer on Mars. And the disco color wheel effect is just lagging before it affects the observer from Mars and the observer on the Moon. It doesn't matter how far you zoom out! There is only now to observe. But there WILL be a lag and delay for a given color/wavepacket to reach distant observers. But all points in space are already illuminated by other starlight. So if you're too far away... you'll just see the club in real-time but without any disco lights. Just see them in white light because that's the source already illuminating the scene. This is where it gets the most difficult because people think light itself is a recording of reality that replays a scene from where it came from. But another punch in the gut of relativity is that in order to see REFLECTED light... that would require a TWO-WAY transit. Which means the light would have to be sent out... record the scene of a distant event and then RETURN in order to REplay the event. Which means it would take 6 minutes to see the club from Mars by that logic and 2.5 seconds to see the club from the moon by that logic. The difference in tick rates between clocks has NOTHING to do with time dilation. Wait.. what?! How can that be? Because a clock itself doesn't represent all of time and reality. The difference between clocks is a "Transverse relative time shift." If the only light in the universe was from the lighter… the only way a distant observer would be able to see the astronaut on Mars is if the astronaut held down the button of the lighter for longer than 3 minutes. It takes 3 minutes for the packet of light to travel from Mars to Earth. The distant observer would never be able to see Mars, unless the light stretched from Mars all the way to Earth, and illuminated the path between Mars and Earth. And that would take 3 minutes for the boundary and first part of that wave packet to reach Earth. But if the distant observer wanted to observe Mars in real-time… then that packet of light would have to be on for longer than 3 minutes. So if the astronaut on Mars flicked the lighter at 12:00, the distant observer on Earth wouldn't see anything until 12:03. If the light was on for 3 minutes and 10 seconds, and the distant observer is 3 light minutes away... the distant observer would be able to see Mars in real-time for 10 seconds starting at 12:03. In the 20 second video clip of the rotating planet with shifting colors... just imagine you're a couple light minutes or light seconds away. You're still seeing the planet spin in real-time. But there is simply a delay of switching colors. You are Not looking back in time. It's just a color wheel effect from a great distance away. That's it!! There are many major flaws which tarnish people's critical thinking on this thought experiment. 1. Light does NOT ricochet or bounce. Electrons absorb, emit and re-emit ALL electromagnetic radiation. The electrons, making up the glass of a mirror will absorb the incoming light and re-emit a brand-new light as an equal and opposite reaction. NOT that "the same light" bounced off the mirror and continued on within the same frame of reference.  2. Light is NOT a recording of reality. 3. It is NOT the same light being observed from a source. It's never the same light. Each Hertz is a new light. Think of half of a sine wave as being its own emission. On an oscilloscope, a stimulus generates a peak which initiates an equal and opposite trough. Or vice versa. That repeating process is not "the same light." If you cut and paste that sine wave to another sine wave, the boundary between the waves will always be in phase. (thus refraction) 4. The speed of light is NOT the same in ALL frames of reference, no matter what. 5. Light is NOT made of particles and waves that flip back-and-forth. 6. Time is NOT connected to the speed of light. Time remains constant regardless if you accelerate towards or away from a clock. The clocks themselves will indeed be off! But that's an affect on the electrons making up the atomic clock affecting the oscillation of the isotope which is ASSUMED to ALWAYS be the same. So ANY difference in oscillation is treated as a literal distortion in space-time. 7. Space and time are not linked at all. That is a mathematical artifice under Lorentz invariance. Time is relative under Lorentz invariance. But time is absolute under Galilean VARIANCE. When people hear or see the word GALILEAN... their brains switch to auto pilot to "aether theory" and "classical physics." What people don't realize is that aether theory used Galilean INVARIANCE. Rather than space-time being used as an excuse to explain the difference in frequencies between atomic clocks... it was originally aether being used as an excuse to keep the speed of light the same. But None of those things are valid! We are thinking under the framework of Galilean VARIANCE! Completely new revolutionary model returning to Isaac Newton and Classical physics but without the corpuscular theory (particle) theory for light... without a particle-wave duality... without an aether... without a 4th dimension. Just good ol elementary math within 3D Euclidean space. Everything happening in real-time, right now. This reformulation of Galilean transformations was offered by Dr. Edward Dowdye in 1991 called The Extinction Shift Principle. Effectivity as opposed to Relativity. If light required a two-way transit, in order to travel out… Record an event, and travel back to replay the recording…  then it would take 6 minutes to see the astronaut on Mars instead of 3.  Remember… They say the SAME light is a recording, and must travel there and travel back in order to REplay. Relativity says time is relative: t' ≠ t time is NOT the same from all frames of reference) and t = tₒ / √1 - v²/c² but Galilean Variance says time is not relative: t' = t (Time IS the same from all frames of reference) and τ_tr = τₒ / √1 - v²/c² Relativity says c' = c (The velocity of light is the same from all frames of reference) but Galilean variance says c' ≠ c (The velocity of light is NOT the same from all frames of reference) and that c' = c ± v (The velocity of light in one frame of reference is dependent upon the velocity of the light source relative to an observer in another frame of reference. Whether that light source is approaching or receding away from that observer) Relativity says E = mc² (Energy and mass are universally equivalent and literally interchangeable under All conditions.) but Galilean variance says E = Δmc² = mₒc² (Energy changes in a system are the result from changes in mass. mₒ represents the original mass. Mass and energy do not literally interchange. There is an equivalence, not an interchange.) The Rebirth of Classical Physics: Time, Light & Gravity Star light and illumination: Flicking a Lighter on Mars visual example:

TheRealVerbz (Jason Verbelli)

16,608 просмотров • 1 год назад

Universities teach many erroneous models. One example of a misleading teaching is the Newtonian model of the prism. A man named Johann Goethe corrected and complimented Newton's model about 100 years after Newton. It is not the same light passing through the prism and distributing. It is a brand-new light with each beam of color. The primary light hitting the prism is extinguished by the electrons making up the glass of the prism itself. Those same electrons re-emit a brand new light from each angle. That process happens at the rate of c. Serving the illusion that the original white light came it... separated and exited to continue on. Most people rely on outdated text books or the Pink Floyd album cover "Dark Side of the Moon" to get their information about light and color and prisms. The depictions of light "splitting" and "bending" through a prism based on their color is false. (See first comments for attached images and substantiation) I filmed these videos playing around with prisms, lasers, magnifying glasses, mirrors, slits, and colored filters. I've gained my own perspectives on light and color over the years from real world, hands-on experimentation and observation. Most people have never held a real glass prism their own hands and done the tests to see for themselves. 2 prisms for $10 Harmonics of Light and Sound: This guy said his units were confiscated by the FBI and he was threatened not to pursue manufacturing them. The unit is simply a light with a magnifying glass and colored filters to isolate the light. Like burning an ant with a focal point... but with a specific color. The lens can spin and create a stroboscopic effect in an isolated band. The inventor claimed it healed stuff. Dinshah Spectro-Chrome Machine - Tour and Explanation Magenta monochromatic ray of shadow - Pehr Sahlstrom: Color and Physics, Newton versus Goethe - Pehr Sahlstrom: Thomas Joseph Brown Color Theory: Clay Taylor Color Theory: Testing the "Rightness" of relativity. The impossibility of proving something through experiments. Laser and Mirror observation: It's never the same light. Re-emission Example: I put this interactive page together going back and forth with ChatGPT to code using Javascript. Here is a video playing with the slide controls to show 3 different sinewaves (3 different lights/emissions). The packets are ALWAYS in phase from medium to medium. The frequency shifts BECAUSE the velocity of light shifts. NOT a Doppler shift of "the same light" distorting within the same frame of reference. It's a brand new light at each point. The incoming light is a different frame of reference. All the light you ever see is the re-emitted light from the electrons making up yourself. Propagation and Re-Emission of Light: Dr. Edward Dowdye Slides - LOTS of math and context. E.H. Dowdye, Can Stars BEND LIGHT? General Relativity and Gravity with Dr. Edward Dowdye Challenges to Gravitational Lensing and More: 71 Part Video Series (Each vid is 1 min - 1 and a hafl min) The Rebirth of Classical Physics - Time, Light & Gravity Classical Physics vs Relativity - History, Examples and Alternatives: Illusions of Relativity: Space-Time vs Real-Time The Rebirth of Classical Physics: Time, Light & Gravity - Article Packed with Info & Links Thought Experiment for Light and Absolute Time. (This scenario got me banned from talking on a Podcast.) "Too off the rails."
22:27

Universities teach many erroneous models. One example of a misleading teaching is the Newtonian model of the prism. A man named Johann Goethe corrected and complimented Newton's model about 100 years after Newton. It is not the same light passing through the prism and distributing. It is a brand-new light with each beam of color. The primary light hitting the prism is extinguished by the electrons making up the glass of the prism itself. Those same electrons re-emit a brand new light from each angle. That process happens at the rate of c. Serving the illusion that the original white light came it... separated and exited to continue on. Most people rely on outdated text books or the Pink Floyd album cover "Dark Side of the Moon" to get their information about light and color and prisms. The depictions of light "splitting" and "bending" through a prism based on their color is false. (See first comments for attached images and substantiation) I filmed these videos playing around with prisms, lasers, magnifying glasses, mirrors, slits, and colored filters. I've gained my own perspectives on light and color over the years from real world, hands-on experimentation and observation. Most people have never held a real glass prism their own hands and done the tests to see for themselves. 2 prisms for $10 Harmonics of Light and Sound: This guy said his units were confiscated by the FBI and he was threatened not to pursue manufacturing them. The unit is simply a light with a magnifying glass and colored filters to isolate the light. Like burning an ant with a focal point... but with a specific color. The lens can spin and create a stroboscopic effect in an isolated band. The inventor claimed it healed stuff. Dinshah Spectro-Chrome Machine - Tour and Explanation Magenta monochromatic ray of shadow - Pehr Sahlstrom: Color and Physics, Newton versus Goethe - Pehr Sahlstrom: Thomas Joseph Brown Color Theory: Clay Taylor Color Theory: Testing the "Rightness" of relativity. The impossibility of proving something through experiments. Laser and Mirror observation: It's never the same light. Re-emission Example: I put this interactive page together going back and forth with ChatGPT to code using Javascript. Here is a video playing with the slide controls to show 3 different sinewaves (3 different lights/emissions). The packets are ALWAYS in phase from medium to medium. The frequency shifts BECAUSE the velocity of light shifts. NOT a Doppler shift of "the same light" distorting within the same frame of reference. It's a brand new light at each point. The incoming light is a different frame of reference. All the light you ever see is the re-emitted light from the electrons making up yourself. Propagation and Re-Emission of Light: Dr. Edward Dowdye Slides - LOTS of math and context. E.H. Dowdye, Can Stars BEND LIGHT? General Relativity and Gravity with Dr. Edward Dowdye Challenges to Gravitational Lensing and More: 71 Part Video Series (Each vid is 1 min - 1 and a hafl min) The Rebirth of Classical Physics - Time, Light & Gravity Classical Physics vs Relativity - History, Examples and Alternatives: Illusions of Relativity: Space-Time vs Real-Time The Rebirth of Classical Physics: Time, Light & Gravity - Article Packed with Info & Links Thought Experiment for Light and Absolute Time. (This scenario got me banned from talking on a Podcast.) "Too off the rails."

TheRealVerbz (Jason Verbelli)

44,361 просмотров • 1 год назад

Astronomers have discovered a rapidly disintegrating exoplanet, BD+05 4868 Ab, located about 140 light-years from Earth in the Pegasus constellation. This Mercury-sized planet orbits its host star every 30.5 hours at a distance ~ 20 times closer than Mercury's orbit around the Sun, resulting in surface temperatures nearing 3,000°F (1,600°C). The intense heat causes the planet's surface to vaporize, forming a comet-like tail of mineral dust stretching over 5.5 million miles (9 million kilometers), which is about half of its orbital path. The planet loses a mass equivalent to Mount Everest with each orbit, and this mass loss accelerates as the planet's gravity weakens, leading to further disintegration. Astronomers estimate that BD+05 4868 Ab will completely disintegrate within 1 to 2 million years. This discovery was made using NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), which detected irregular dips in the star's brightness caused by the planet's extensive dust tail. BD+05 4868 Ab is only the fourth known disintegrating exoplanet, but it stands out due to its exceptionally long tail and rapid rate of mass loss. Its relative proximity to Earth makes it an ideal candidate for further study with instruments like the #JWST, which could analyze the composition of the dust tail to gain insights into the planet's internal structure. 👉
0:51

Astronomers have discovered a rapidly disintegrating exoplanet, BD+05 4868 Ab, located about 140 light-years from Earth in the Pegasus constellation. This Mercury-sized planet orbits its host star every 30.5 hours at a distance ~ 20 times closer than Mercury's orbit around the Sun, resulting in surface temperatures nearing 3,000°F (1,600°C). The intense heat causes the planet's surface to vaporize, forming a comet-like tail of mineral dust stretching over 5.5 million miles (9 million kilometers), which is about half of its orbital path. The planet loses a mass equivalent to Mount Everest with each orbit, and this mass loss accelerates as the planet's gravity weakens, leading to further disintegration. Astronomers estimate that BD+05 4868 Ab will completely disintegrate within 1 to 2 million years. This discovery was made using NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), which detected irregular dips in the star's brightness caused by the planet's extensive dust tail. BD+05 4868 Ab is only the fourth known disintegrating exoplanet, but it stands out due to its exceptionally long tail and rapid rate of mass loss. Its relative proximity to Earth makes it an ideal candidate for further study with instruments like the #JWST, which could analyze the composition of the dust tail to gain insights into the planet's internal structure. 👉

Erika 

16,960 просмотров • 1 год назад

Another Galaxy Without Dark Matter Dark matter is thought to account for about 85% of the Universe's total mass, yet there are galaxies that stubbornly refuse to conform to this rule. A team of astronomers led by researchers from Yale, using the Keck Observatory, has discovered a third such galaxy: the faint dwarf DF9, which appears to lack invisible mass entirely. The concept of dark matter emerged in the 1970s, when Vera Rubin first convincingly demonstrated that galaxies are held together by some form of invisible mass. Since then, a wealth of indirect evidence—such as galactic halos and gravitational lensing—has accumulated. This makes the exceptions all the more intriguing. DF9 sits alongside two other similarly "empty" galaxies—DF2 and DF4—as part of an elongated chain of seven galaxies located 45 million light-years away; all of them appear to have originated from a single event. How was this determined? By analyzing stellar motion, the team estimated DF9's mass at approximately 100 million solar masses—a figure that matches the combined mass of its visible stars, gas, and dust. Had dark matter been present, the total mass would have been roughly a hundred times greater. The necessary precision was achieved using the KCWI spectrograph on the Keck telescope, an instrument specifically designed to detect extremely faint light sources. It appears that DF2, DF4, and DF9 formed during a high-speed galactic collision that stripped gas clouds away from their dark matter halos, allowing the new galaxies to coalesce from ordinary matter alone. Lead author Michael Keim notes that a chain of dark-matter-free galaxies has never been observed before. His supervisor, Pieter van Dokkum, adds that this provides compelling evidence that dark matter is a genuine physical substance rather than merely a "correction" to the theory of gravity.
0:21

Another Galaxy Without Dark Matter Dark matter is thought to account for about 85% of the Universe's total mass, yet there are galaxies that stubbornly refuse to conform to this rule. A team of astronomers led by researchers from Yale, using the Keck Observatory, has discovered a third such galaxy: the faint dwarf DF9, which appears to lack invisible mass entirely. The concept of dark matter emerged in the 1970s, when Vera Rubin first convincingly demonstrated that galaxies are held together by some form of invisible mass. Since then, a wealth of indirect evidence—such as galactic halos and gravitational lensing—has accumulated. This makes the exceptions all the more intriguing. DF9 sits alongside two other similarly "empty" galaxies—DF2 and DF4—as part of an elongated chain of seven galaxies located 45 million light-years away; all of them appear to have originated from a single event. How was this determined? By analyzing stellar motion, the team estimated DF9's mass at approximately 100 million solar masses—a figure that matches the combined mass of its visible stars, gas, and dust. Had dark matter been present, the total mass would have been roughly a hundred times greater. The necessary precision was achieved using the KCWI spectrograph on the Keck telescope, an instrument specifically designed to detect extremely faint light sources. It appears that DF2, DF4, and DF9 formed during a high-speed galactic collision that stripped gas clouds away from their dark matter halos, allowing the new galaxies to coalesce from ordinary matter alone. Lead author Michael Keim notes that a chain of dark-matter-free galaxies has never been observed before. His supervisor, Pieter van Dokkum, adds that this provides compelling evidence that dark matter is a genuine physical substance rather than merely a "correction" to the theory of gravity.

Black Hole

23,825 просмотров • 28 дней назад

Earth Could Survive the Sun's Death: New Models Offer Hope 🟠 Our planet has a chance of surviving the Sun's transformation into a red giant and avoiding total destruction in its thermonuclear inferno. Earth's ultimate fate will be determined by a delicate balance between the gravitational pull of the swelling star and its loss of mass; as the star loses mass, its gravitational grip will weaken, allowing the planet to drift to a safer orbit. Astronomers from KU Leuven (Belgium) have revised predictions regarding the future of the Solar System. They conducted gravitational simulations that accounted for the internal structure of aging stars, and their findings were published in the journal *Astronomy & Astrophysics*. In approximately five billion years, the Sun will exhaust the hydrogen fuel in its core, causing it to expand hundreds of times in size and transform into a massive red giant. At that point, a "tug-of-war" will begin within the Solar System, the outcome of which will decide Earth's fate. On one hand, the star's massive expansion will generate powerful tidal effects that act to slow Earth down and drag it inward. On the other hand, the star will actively shed its outer layers into space via powerful stellar winds. As it loses mass, the Sun will become lighter and its gravitational grip will weaken, enabling Earth to migrate further out into the Solar System. Updated calculations indicate that the effect of the Sun's mass loss could counteract tidal drag; in this scenario, our planet would have time to shift to a more distant orbit lying just beyond the radius of the expanded star. To validate their theoretical calculations, the scientists turned to actual observations of the dying giant star L2 Puppis, located 200 light-years away. In the past, it closely resembled the Sun, but now it is rapidly losing mass and is surrounded by a dust disk in which a large planet orbits. The fact that this world survived gives scientists strong grounds to hope that Earth might also be saved. However, there is no cause for optimism regarding our own system's neighbors: computer simulations indicate that Mercury and Venus will inevitably be completely consumed by the flames of the dying star. The launch of the PLATO space telescope will help settle the debate about our planet's future once and for all. It is scheduled to enter orbit next year to search for exop всяlanets around aging stars. 🌙
0:40

Earth Could Survive the Sun's Death: New Models Offer Hope 🟠 Our planet has a chance of surviving the Sun's transformation into a red giant and avoiding total destruction in its thermonuclear inferno. Earth's ultimate fate will be determined by a delicate balance between the gravitational pull of the swelling star and its loss of mass; as the star loses mass, its gravitational grip will weaken, allowing the planet to drift to a safer orbit. Astronomers from KU Leuven (Belgium) have revised predictions regarding the future of the Solar System. They conducted gravitational simulations that accounted for the internal structure of aging stars, and their findings were published in the journal *Astronomy & Astrophysics*. In approximately five billion years, the Sun will exhaust the hydrogen fuel in its core, causing it to expand hundreds of times in size and transform into a massive red giant. At that point, a "tug-of-war" will begin within the Solar System, the outcome of which will decide Earth's fate. On one hand, the star's massive expansion will generate powerful tidal effects that act to slow Earth down and drag it inward. On the other hand, the star will actively shed its outer layers into space via powerful stellar winds. As it loses mass, the Sun will become lighter and its gravitational grip will weaken, enabling Earth to migrate further out into the Solar System. Updated calculations indicate that the effect of the Sun's mass loss could counteract tidal drag; in this scenario, our planet would have time to shift to a more distant orbit lying just beyond the radius of the expanded star. To validate their theoretical calculations, the scientists turned to actual observations of the dying giant star L2 Puppis, located 200 light-years away. In the past, it closely resembled the Sun, but now it is rapidly losing mass and is surrounded by a dust disk in which a large planet orbits. The fact that this world survived gives scientists strong grounds to hope that Earth might also be saved. However, there is no cause for optimism regarding our own system's neighbors: computer simulations indicate that Mercury and Venus will inevitably be completely consumed by the flames of the dying star. The launch of the PLATO space telescope will help settle the debate about our planet's future once and for all. It is scheduled to enter orbit next year to search for exop всяlanets around aging stars. 🌙

Black Hole

23,916 просмотров • 18 дней назад

Created With Grok Imagine. ●. The Ring World - Stillness, silence 1. Nebula Birthplace - Star formation 2. The Pillars - Birth, creation 3. The Storm - Isolation, turbulence 4. The Wanderer - Eternal journey 5. The Threshold - Edge of reality 6. The Collision - Time meaningless 7. The Abyss - Forever stares back 8. The Pale Blue Dot - Home grok imagine prompts used: [ { "id": 0, "title": "The Ring World", "prompt": "A gas giant's rings stretching to infinity, seen edge-on as razor-thin lines of pale gold and silver ice extending beyond comprehension into the void. The planet itself is a massive sphere of muted amber and slate grey storms, half in shadow, half catching distant starlight. The rings cast a whisper-thin shadow band across the planet's face. Everything floats in absolute silence and stillness against crushing black emptiness. A single moon, small and pale, drifts in the middle distance. The scale is vertigo-inducing - the rings could wrap around everything you've ever known. Cinematic composition, extreme wide shot, deep atmospheric blacks, soft diffused lighting, melancholic and vast, jewel-tone highlights on ring particles catching light, 8K, anamorphic lens, cosmic sublime aesthetic." }, { "id": 1, "title": "Nebula Birthplace", "prompt": "A breathtaking view of the Carina Nebula's star-forming pillars, towering columns of cosmic dust and hydrogen gas illuminated by the fierce ultraviolet radiation of newborn blue-white stars. The pillars rise like ancient cathedral spires against a backdrop of deep crimson and burnt orange gas clouds, with delicate tendrils of teal and magenta plasma curling at their edges. Thousands of pinpoint stars scatter across the scene like diamond dust, while a brilliant central cluster of young O-type stars blazes with intense blue-white light, casting dramatic shadows through the translucent dust lanes. Wispy shock fronts of superheated gas glow in electric blue where stellar winds collide with denser material. Ultra high resolution, photorealistic astrophotography style, Hubble Space Telescope quality." }, { "id": 2, "title": "The Pillars", "prompt": "Colossal pillars of cosmic dust rising from an infinite void, monolithic towers of deep indigo and midnight blue stretching impossibly tall against the blackness of space. Edges glow with ethereal bioluminescent teal and soft magenta where newborn stars ignite within, light bleeding through translucent layers of gas like lanterns behind silk. Thousands of stars scattered like crushed diamonds across absolute darkness. Scale is incomprehensible - each pillar contains worlds. Soft god rays pierce through gaps in the dust. Cinematic wide shot, extreme depth, atmospheric haze creating layers of distance, moody dramatic lighting, deep blacks crushing into the void, jewel-tone luminosity, 8K, anamorphic lens quality, awe-inspiring cosmic sublime aesthetic." }, { "id": 3, "title": "The Storm", "prompt": "A massive planetary storm seen from orbit, a swirling vortex of deep sapphire blue and electric teal gases spinning slowly in the darkness. The eye of the storm reveals darker layers beneath - navy, cobalt, almost black. High altitude cloud wisps of pale white ice crystals streak across the surface at impossible speeds, frozen in this moment. The planet's limb curves away into shadow, a thin bright arc of atmospheric haze glowing where day meets night. Everything else is void - pure crushing blackness surrounding this lonely turbulent world. Cinematic close orbit view, moody and isolated, deep rich blues against absolute black, soft diffused lighting from distant sun, atmospheric and melancholic, 8K, anamorphic lens quality, cosmic sublime aesthetic." }, { "id": 4, "title": "The Wanderer", "prompt": "A comet drifting through the inner solar system, its ancient dark nucleus trailing twin tails that stretch across the entire frame and beyond. The dust tail sweeps in a graceful arc of pale gold and cream, while the ion tail streams straight back in ghostly electric blue, both dissolving into the infinite black. The nucleus itself is a small dark heart of primordial ice, barely visible, jets of sublimating gas creating a soft teal-white coma glow around it. It has traveled for billions of years through absolute nothing to reach this moment. Loneliness incarnate. Cinematic composition, sense of vast journey and isolation, soft ethereal glow against crushing void, muted jewel tones, atmospheric and melancholic, 8K, anamorphic lens, cosmic sublime aesthetic." }, { "id": 5, "title": "The Threshold", "prompt": "The event horizon of a supermassive black hole, reality distorting at the edge of existence. A thin brilliant ring of superheated gas - white-hot fading to deep amber and crimson - orbits at nearly light speed, smeared into a perfect glowing halo by gravitational lensing. Behind it, stars are warped and duplicated, stretched into arcs and rings around the perfect circular darkness at the center. The black hole itself is absence - not black but nothing, a hole in the universe where light falls forever. The accretion disk reflects faintly in the gravitationally mirrored space above and below. Staring into infinity. Cinematic composition, reality-bending distortion, warm accretion glow against absolute crushing void, terrifying and beautiful, 8K, anamorphic lens, cosmic sublime aesthetic." }, { "id": 6, "title": "The Collision", "prompt": "Two galaxies passing through each other in slow gravitational embrace, their spiral arms stretched and distorted into sweeping tidal ribbons of light. Stars by the billions flow like luminous rivers between the merging cores - streams of pale gold, soft blue, and distant white pulling across hundreds of thousands of light-years of void. Where the cores approach, intense knots of newborn stars blaze in clusters of soft cyan and magenta. Dark dust lanes create dramatic silhouettes against the glowing stellar streams. The interaction has been happening for millions of years and will continue for millions more. Time is meaningless at this scale. Cinematic extreme wide shot, incomprehensible scale, soft ethereal luminosity, jewel tones against absolute black void, 8K, anamorphic, cosmic sublime aesthetic." }, { "id": 7, "title": "The Abyss", "prompt": "A vast cosmic void stretching infinitely in all directions, an endless expanse of deep black punctuated by distant pinpricks of starlight. In the foreground, a swirling nebula of ethereal gas and dust glows softly in shades of violet, indigo, and midnight blue, illuminated from within by the faint light of newborn stars. Wisps of iridescent teal and magenta drift through the darkness like ghostly tendrils, creating a sense of depth and mystery. The scale is incomprehensible - this is a place where entire galaxies could fit within the frame. You are small. You are nothing. You are staring into forever and forever stares back. Cinematic wide shot, extreme depth, atmospheric haze creating layers of distance, moody dramatic lighting, deep blacks crushing into infinite void, soft ethereal bioluminescence, jewel-tone nebula glow against absolute darkness, 8K, anamorphic lens, cosmic sublime aesthetic." }, { "id": 8, "title": "The Pale Blue Dot", "prompt": "Earth seen from four billion miles away, a tiny pale blue-white speck barely visible against the absolute black void of deep space. No detail, no continents, no clouds - just a faint luminous point of soft cyan light, smaller than a grain of sand, floating in endless nothing. The frame is almost entirely pure black emptiness with the tiny distant Earth off-center, barely there, almost lost. A subtle scattered band of faint light crosses the frame diagonally - ancient sunlight diffused through interplanetary dust. The loneliness is overwhelming. The fragility is heartbreaking. Everything that ever lived, loved, or mattered exists on that barely-visible point of light. Minimalist composition, extreme negative space, 90% pure black void, tiny distant pale blue dot, Voyager 1 perspective, melancholic and profound, 8K, anamorphic lens, cosmic sublime aesthetic." } ]
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Created With Grok Imagine. ●. The Ring World - Stillness, silence 1. Nebula Birthplace - Star formation 2. The Pillars - Birth, creation 3. The Storm - Isolation, turbulence 4. The Wanderer - Eternal journey 5. The Threshold - Edge of reality 6. The Collision - Time meaningless 7. The Abyss - Forever stares back 8. The Pale Blue Dot - Home grok imagine prompts used: [ { "id": 0, "title": "The Ring World", "prompt": "A gas giant's rings stretching to infinity, seen edge-on as razor-thin lines of pale gold and silver ice extending beyond comprehension into the void. The planet itself is a massive sphere of muted amber and slate grey storms, half in shadow, half catching distant starlight. The rings cast a whisper-thin shadow band across the planet's face. Everything floats in absolute silence and stillness against crushing black emptiness. A single moon, small and pale, drifts in the middle distance. The scale is vertigo-inducing - the rings could wrap around everything you've ever known. Cinematic composition, extreme wide shot, deep atmospheric blacks, soft diffused lighting, melancholic and vast, jewel-tone highlights on ring particles catching light, 8K, anamorphic lens, cosmic sublime aesthetic." }, { "id": 1, "title": "Nebula Birthplace", "prompt": "A breathtaking view of the Carina Nebula's star-forming pillars, towering columns of cosmic dust and hydrogen gas illuminated by the fierce ultraviolet radiation of newborn blue-white stars. The pillars rise like ancient cathedral spires against a backdrop of deep crimson and burnt orange gas clouds, with delicate tendrils of teal and magenta plasma curling at their edges. Thousands of pinpoint stars scatter across the scene like diamond dust, while a brilliant central cluster of young O-type stars blazes with intense blue-white light, casting dramatic shadows through the translucent dust lanes. Wispy shock fronts of superheated gas glow in electric blue where stellar winds collide with denser material. Ultra high resolution, photorealistic astrophotography style, Hubble Space Telescope quality." }, { "id": 2, "title": "The Pillars", "prompt": "Colossal pillars of cosmic dust rising from an infinite void, monolithic towers of deep indigo and midnight blue stretching impossibly tall against the blackness of space. Edges glow with ethereal bioluminescent teal and soft magenta where newborn stars ignite within, light bleeding through translucent layers of gas like lanterns behind silk. Thousands of stars scattered like crushed diamonds across absolute darkness. Scale is incomprehensible - each pillar contains worlds. Soft god rays pierce through gaps in the dust. Cinematic wide shot, extreme depth, atmospheric haze creating layers of distance, moody dramatic lighting, deep blacks crushing into the void, jewel-tone luminosity, 8K, anamorphic lens quality, awe-inspiring cosmic sublime aesthetic." }, { "id": 3, "title": "The Storm", "prompt": "A massive planetary storm seen from orbit, a swirling vortex of deep sapphire blue and electric teal gases spinning slowly in the darkness. The eye of the storm reveals darker layers beneath - navy, cobalt, almost black. High altitude cloud wisps of pale white ice crystals streak across the surface at impossible speeds, frozen in this moment. The planet's limb curves away into shadow, a thin bright arc of atmospheric haze glowing where day meets night. Everything else is void - pure crushing blackness surrounding this lonely turbulent world. Cinematic close orbit view, moody and isolated, deep rich blues against absolute black, soft diffused lighting from distant sun, atmospheric and melancholic, 8K, anamorphic lens quality, cosmic sublime aesthetic." }, { "id": 4, "title": "The Wanderer", "prompt": "A comet drifting through the inner solar system, its ancient dark nucleus trailing twin tails that stretch across the entire frame and beyond. The dust tail sweeps in a graceful arc of pale gold and cream, while the ion tail streams straight back in ghostly electric blue, both dissolving into the infinite black. The nucleus itself is a small dark heart of primordial ice, barely visible, jets of sublimating gas creating a soft teal-white coma glow around it. It has traveled for billions of years through absolute nothing to reach this moment. Loneliness incarnate. Cinematic composition, sense of vast journey and isolation, soft ethereal glow against crushing void, muted jewel tones, atmospheric and melancholic, 8K, anamorphic lens, cosmic sublime aesthetic." }, { "id": 5, "title": "The Threshold", "prompt": "The event horizon of a supermassive black hole, reality distorting at the edge of existence. A thin brilliant ring of superheated gas - white-hot fading to deep amber and crimson - orbits at nearly light speed, smeared into a perfect glowing halo by gravitational lensing. Behind it, stars are warped and duplicated, stretched into arcs and rings around the perfect circular darkness at the center. The black hole itself is absence - not black but nothing, a hole in the universe where light falls forever. The accretion disk reflects faintly in the gravitationally mirrored space above and below. Staring into infinity. Cinematic composition, reality-bending distortion, warm accretion glow against absolute crushing void, terrifying and beautiful, 8K, anamorphic lens, cosmic sublime aesthetic." }, { "id": 6, "title": "The Collision", "prompt": "Two galaxies passing through each other in slow gravitational embrace, their spiral arms stretched and distorted into sweeping tidal ribbons of light. Stars by the billions flow like luminous rivers between the merging cores - streams of pale gold, soft blue, and distant white pulling across hundreds of thousands of light-years of void. Where the cores approach, intense knots of newborn stars blaze in clusters of soft cyan and magenta. Dark dust lanes create dramatic silhouettes against the glowing stellar streams. The interaction has been happening for millions of years and will continue for millions more. Time is meaningless at this scale. Cinematic extreme wide shot, incomprehensible scale, soft ethereal luminosity, jewel tones against absolute black void, 8K, anamorphic, cosmic sublime aesthetic." }, { "id": 7, "title": "The Abyss", "prompt": "A vast cosmic void stretching infinitely in all directions, an endless expanse of deep black punctuated by distant pinpricks of starlight. In the foreground, a swirling nebula of ethereal gas and dust glows softly in shades of violet, indigo, and midnight blue, illuminated from within by the faint light of newborn stars. Wisps of iridescent teal and magenta drift through the darkness like ghostly tendrils, creating a sense of depth and mystery. The scale is incomprehensible - this is a place where entire galaxies could fit within the frame. You are small. You are nothing. You are staring into forever and forever stares back. Cinematic wide shot, extreme depth, atmospheric haze creating layers of distance, moody dramatic lighting, deep blacks crushing into infinite void, soft ethereal bioluminescence, jewel-tone nebula glow against absolute darkness, 8K, anamorphic lens, cosmic sublime aesthetic." }, { "id": 8, "title": "The Pale Blue Dot", "prompt": "Earth seen from four billion miles away, a tiny pale blue-white speck barely visible against the absolute black void of deep space. No detail, no continents, no clouds - just a faint luminous point of soft cyan light, smaller than a grain of sand, floating in endless nothing. The frame is almost entirely pure black emptiness with the tiny distant Earth off-center, barely there, almost lost. A subtle scattered band of faint light crosses the frame diagonally - ancient sunlight diffused through interplanetary dust. The loneliness is overwhelming. The fragility is heartbreaking. Everything that ever lived, loved, or mattered exists on that barely-visible point of light. Minimalist composition, extreme negative space, 90% pure black void, tiny distant pale blue dot, Voyager 1 perspective, melancholic and profound, 8K, anamorphic lens, cosmic sublime aesthetic." } ]

tetsuo

714,269 просмотров • 6 месяцев назад

💎Scientists and engineers from the UK Atomic Energy Authority (UK Atomic Energy Authority) and the University of Bristol (University of Bristol) have successfully created the world’s first carbon-14 diamond battery. This new type of battery has the potential to power devices for thousands of years, making it an incredibly long-lasting energy source. The battery leverages the radioactive isotope, carbon-14, known for its use in radiocarbon dating, to produce a diamond battery. Several game-changing applications are possible. Bio-compatible diamond batteries can be used in medical devices like ocular implants, hearing aids, and pacemakers, minimising the need for replacements and distress to patients. Diamond batteries could also be used in extreme environments – both in space and on earth – where it is not practical to replace conventional batteries. The batteries could power active radio frequency (RF) tags where there is a need to identify and track devices either on earth or in space, such as spacecraft or payloads, for decades at a time, thus reducing costs and extending operational lifespan. “Diamond batteries offer a safe, sustainable way to provide continuous microwatt levels of power. They are an emerging technology that use a manufactured diamond to safely encase small amounts of carbon-14,” said Sarah Clark, Director of Tritium Fuel Cycle at UKAEA. The carbon-14 diamond battery works by using the radioactive decay of carbon-14, which has a half-life of 5,700 years, to generate low levels of power. It functions similarly to solar panels, which convert light into electricity, but instead of using light particles (photons), they capture fast-moving electrons from within the diamond structure. Professor Thomas Scott, Professor in Materials at the University of Bristol, said: “Our micropower technology can support a whole range of important applications from space technologies and security devices through to medical implants. We're excited to be able to explore all of these possibilities, working with partners in industry and research, over the next few years.” A team of scientists and engineers from both organisations worked together to build a plasma deposition rig, a specialised apparatus used for growing the diamond at UKAEA’s Culham Campus. This development is the result, in part, of UKAEA’s work on fusion energy. The expertise gained in fusion research is helping to accelerate innovation in related technologies.
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💎Scientists and engineers from the UK Atomic Energy Authority (UK Atomic Energy Authority) and the University of Bristol (University of Bristol) have successfully created the world’s first carbon-14 diamond battery. This new type of battery has the potential to power devices for thousands of years, making it an incredibly long-lasting energy source. The battery leverages the radioactive isotope, carbon-14, known for its use in radiocarbon dating, to produce a diamond battery. Several game-changing applications are possible. Bio-compatible diamond batteries can be used in medical devices like ocular implants, hearing aids, and pacemakers, minimising the need for replacements and distress to patients. Diamond batteries could also be used in extreme environments – both in space and on earth – where it is not practical to replace conventional batteries. The batteries could power active radio frequency (RF) tags where there is a need to identify and track devices either on earth or in space, such as spacecraft or payloads, for decades at a time, thus reducing costs and extending operational lifespan. “Diamond batteries offer a safe, sustainable way to provide continuous microwatt levels of power. They are an emerging technology that use a manufactured diamond to safely encase small amounts of carbon-14,” said Sarah Clark, Director of Tritium Fuel Cycle at UKAEA. The carbon-14 diamond battery works by using the radioactive decay of carbon-14, which has a half-life of 5,700 years, to generate low levels of power. It functions similarly to solar panels, which convert light into electricity, but instead of using light particles (photons), they capture fast-moving electrons from within the diamond structure. Professor Thomas Scott, Professor in Materials at the University of Bristol, said: “Our micropower technology can support a whole range of important applications from space technologies and security devices through to medical implants. We're excited to be able to explore all of these possibilities, working with partners in industry and research, over the next few years.” A team of scientists and engineers from both organisations worked together to build a plasma deposition rig, a specialised apparatus used for growing the diamond at UKAEA’s Culham Campus. This development is the result, in part, of UKAEA’s work on fusion energy. The expertise gained in fusion research is helping to accelerate innovation in related technologies.

UK Atomic Energy Authority

12,493 просмотров • 1 год назад

Scientists Map 110 Quadrillion km of Underground Fungal Networks… A billion Times The Distance From Earth to the Sun! Earth’s Vast Underground “Carbon Superhighway” A groundbreaking new study published today in the journal Science has revealed, for the first time, the global scale of one of Earth’s most important but hidden biological infrastructures: the networks of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. These thread-like fungal structures, known as hyphae, form symbiotic partnerships with roughly 70% of land plant species—including major crops like wheat, corn, and rice. In exchange for sugars from the plants, the fungi deliver essential nutrients (such as phosphorus and nitrogen) and water, while also playing a massive role in storing carbon underground. Mind-Boggling Scale Using data from more than 16,000 soil cores worldwide, machine-learning models, and high-resolution robotic imaging of fungal hyphae, researchers estimated: •Total length: ~110 quadrillion kilometers (1.10 × 10¹⁷ km) of living hyphae in the top 15 cm of global soils—enough to stretch nearly a billion times the distance from Earth to the Sun (or about 10% of the diameter of the Milky Way if laid out in space). •Biomass: ~300 megatons of carbon, equivalent to 4–6 times the biomass of all humans on Earth. •These networks move about 1 billion metric tons of carbon per year into soils, acting as a critical “carbon circulatory system” that helps regulate the planet’s climate. Densities are highest in grasslands, with notable hotspots in places like the Sudd wetlands in Africa and the Everglades. The “Wood Wide Web” at Planetary Scale This research builds on the popular “Wood Wide Web” concept, where fungi connect plants in shared resource networks. The new global maps (available for exploration via the Society for the Protection of Underground Networks, or SPUN) show these connections operating at an ecosystem-wide level, supporting plant health, resilience to drought and disease, and food security. These fungi are vital allies in the fight against climate change and for sustainable agriculture. However, they face threats from soil disturbance (like tillage), pesticides, and land-use changes. The study also highlights gaps in sampling, particularly in undersampled ecosystems that need further research. Read the full research paper (paywalled, but abstract freely available): Global density and biomass of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal networks Explore interactive maps and learn more at This discovery underscores how much of Earth’s life-support systems remain invisible to the naked eye yet operate on a truly planetary scale. Protecting these underground networks could be one of the most effective ways to sustain healthy soils, productive crops, and a stable climate.
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Scientists Map 110 Quadrillion km of Underground Fungal Networks… A billion Times The Distance From Earth to the Sun! Earth’s Vast Underground “Carbon Superhighway” A groundbreaking new study published today in the journal Science has revealed, for the first time, the global scale of one of Earth’s most important but hidden biological infrastructures: the networks of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. These thread-like fungal structures, known as hyphae, form symbiotic partnerships with roughly 70% of land plant species—including major crops like wheat, corn, and rice. In exchange for sugars from the plants, the fungi deliver essential nutrients (such as phosphorus and nitrogen) and water, while also playing a massive role in storing carbon underground. Mind-Boggling Scale Using data from more than 16,000 soil cores worldwide, machine-learning models, and high-resolution robotic imaging of fungal hyphae, researchers estimated: •Total length: ~110 quadrillion kilometers (1.10 × 10¹⁷ km) of living hyphae in the top 15 cm of global soils—enough to stretch nearly a billion times the distance from Earth to the Sun (or about 10% of the diameter of the Milky Way if laid out in space). •Biomass: ~300 megatons of carbon, equivalent to 4–6 times the biomass of all humans on Earth. •These networks move about 1 billion metric tons of carbon per year into soils, acting as a critical “carbon circulatory system” that helps regulate the planet’s climate. Densities are highest in grasslands, with notable hotspots in places like the Sudd wetlands in Africa and the Everglades. The “Wood Wide Web” at Planetary Scale This research builds on the popular “Wood Wide Web” concept, where fungi connect plants in shared resource networks. The new global maps (available for exploration via the Society for the Protection of Underground Networks, or SPUN) show these connections operating at an ecosystem-wide level, supporting plant health, resilience to drought and disease, and food security. These fungi are vital allies in the fight against climate change and for sustainable agriculture. However, they face threats from soil disturbance (like tillage), pesticides, and land-use changes. The study also highlights gaps in sampling, particularly in undersampled ecosystems that need further research. Read the full research paper (paywalled, but abstract freely available): Global density and biomass of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal networks Explore interactive maps and learn more at This discovery underscores how much of Earth’s life-support systems remain invisible to the naked eye yet operate on a truly planetary scale. Protecting these underground networks could be one of the most effective ways to sustain healthy soils, productive crops, and a stable climate.

Brian Roemmele

110,299 просмотров • 1 месяц назад

[] = edited info for privacy "I am a [Major US Carrier] A320/321 Captain, the following sighting occurred during one of my flights recently. Since I have shared my story, several other [Major US Carrier] pilots have reached out to me and shared their similar experiences, including sharing their video recordings of these objects from the Flight Levels. All seen at the base of the big dipper. [Last week of July], 2023, I departed Santo Domingo DR at 2305 destined for New York JFK. My route of flight was L453 in NY Oceanic airspace, non radar hundreds of miles offshore. At approximately 1 hour into the flight as we were approaching the southern boundary of the NY oceanic airspace, and at 32,000 feet, I called out a visual on traffic that was excessively bright and looked like about 80 miles range... and then disappeared visually. I never saw the traffic on TCAS. Then a few minutes later I saw two objects round in shape, one lighted and one not flying in a formation just above the horizon, at a range I guessed of 120-200 NM. The object/s would illuminate to be as bright as a star for several seconds, then go dark for a few minutes, only to illuminate again. The brightness would vary from bright to very bright to dark. The color of the lighted object was white light. There was a second object you can clearly see in the photos that would follow the illuminated object, but it would not illuminate itself. Except for the 3:10-3:30 second point of my video I think you can see the second object illuminate. This went on for the remaining 2-2.5 hours of my flight to NY on L453 in Oceanic airspace. After reviewing the photos, I think the objects might have been a bit further away, but distance is very difficult to gauge at night. I have the brand new Samsung S23 phone which has the best camera on the market for a cell phone and I started recording this object in video. I have a great 7 min video of it appearing and disappearing while I was talking to other airliners on 123.45 vhf about it. You can hear that conversation in the video! Another airliner approximately 400 NM ahead of us at 36,000 feet stated they saw the same thing. I also took about 30 photos of these objects in "night mode" on the phone and they came out really good... in one of them you can actually see the lighted object and the unlit object very clearly as round metallic objects. All of the photos were taken with some sort of long exposure setting to be able to get as much light as possible to the sensor... You will be able to see in the long exposure photos the stars are pins of light but the UFO's are streaks of light because they are moving! It is actually amazing! All of this happened over about a 2.5 hour flight and continued for the entirety of our flight. The light seemed to be on or just above the horizon until we got closer to our destination of NY. Just prior to beginning our descent the objects appeared much higher in the sky 80-90 degrees above the horizon and much further away, actually out of the atmosphere."
7:30

[] = edited info for privacy "I am a [Major US Carrier] A320/321 Captain, the following sighting occurred during one of my flights recently. Since I have shared my story, several other [Major US Carrier] pilots have reached out to me and shared their similar experiences, including sharing their video recordings of these objects from the Flight Levels. All seen at the base of the big dipper. [Last week of July], 2023, I departed Santo Domingo DR at 2305 destined for New York JFK. My route of flight was L453 in NY Oceanic airspace, non radar hundreds of miles offshore. At approximately 1 hour into the flight as we were approaching the southern boundary of the NY oceanic airspace, and at 32,000 feet, I called out a visual on traffic that was excessively bright and looked like about 80 miles range... and then disappeared visually. I never saw the traffic on TCAS. Then a few minutes later I saw two objects round in shape, one lighted and one not flying in a formation just above the horizon, at a range I guessed of 120-200 NM. The object/s would illuminate to be as bright as a star for several seconds, then go dark for a few minutes, only to illuminate again. The brightness would vary from bright to very bright to dark. The color of the lighted object was white light. There was a second object you can clearly see in the photos that would follow the illuminated object, but it would not illuminate itself. Except for the 3:10-3:30 second point of my video I think you can see the second object illuminate. This went on for the remaining 2-2.5 hours of my flight to NY on L453 in Oceanic airspace. After reviewing the photos, I think the objects might have been a bit further away, but distance is very difficult to gauge at night. I have the brand new Samsung S23 phone which has the best camera on the market for a cell phone and I started recording this object in video. I have a great 7 min video of it appearing and disappearing while I was talking to other airliners on 123.45 vhf about it. You can hear that conversation in the video! Another airliner approximately 400 NM ahead of us at 36,000 feet stated they saw the same thing. I also took about 30 photos of these objects in "night mode" on the phone and they came out really good... in one of them you can actually see the lighted object and the unlit object very clearly as round metallic objects. All of the photos were taken with some sort of long exposure setting to be able to get as much light as possible to the sensor... You will be able to see in the long exposure photos the stars are pins of light but the UFO's are streaks of light because they are moving! It is actually amazing! All of this happened over about a 2.5 hour flight and continued for the entirety of our flight. The light seemed to be on or just above the horizon until we got closer to our destination of NY. Just prior to beginning our descent the objects appeared much higher in the sky 80-90 degrees above the horizon and much further away, actually out of the atmosphere."

Ryan Graves

694,704 просмотров • 2 лет назад

Hey True Earthers... If you get tired of globers bitching about a model, or sunrise angles, or star trails, or sunlight, or eclipses, anyone can ALWAYS reference THIS MODEL The reason it is called "Shane's Mode;" is strictly so YOU can use it, and I can take all the criticism, insults, ridicule, jokes, attacks, etc. The general idea is that the community gets the considerable benefit of presenting an accurate model and using it to explain several normal phenomena at once. Then, only I get the drawbacks of all that will surely come from it, and everyone else will benefit. I planned it this way, because I largely don't care about what any of the globers piling the hate over here so we can press forward. Or.. you know, f*ck me for saying the word model, and for bendy light or for whatever. If that's the case, no hard feelings. One last thing, the smaller dome in the model simply represents the limit of an observers view, a spherical limit with a radius of 3959. The math that supports that is here... and here. The descriptions are entirely reworked, mostly spelling error free, and entirely plausible. So feel free to bring it up in debates, forums, streams, podcasts, or whatever you like. The model adequately emulates and explains all of these observations: Sunrise, Sunset, Moonrise, Moonset, Moon Phases, Moon's apparent rotation, Sun's position on Equinox, Seasons, some aspects of Solar and Lunar Eclipses, Star trails, 24 hours Day/Night at the North-pole and Antarctica, Celestial Poles, Why people south of the equator can see the same Stars rotate clockwise around a singe celestial pole at the same time at different continents [Southern Cross Observations] Cheers everyone! The FULL Description is below, and it is LONG. Sorry. The Model This model does not assume a physical Sun nor Moon which will show a collective convergence for every observer on Earth. It only matches their apparent positions as observed across the plane. The Bislin model acknowledges this and moves all celestial bodies to a nearly infinite distance away. This does nothing more than create a triangle large enough that you can mathematically abstract your way into the inverse of everything you experience. The truth is there is a limit to one's visual space. And this limit is necessarily geometrically spherical. Because one never observes objects in anything but their 'apparent location' within one's personal celestial sphere, there is no need to explain a tiny ball of heat mysteriously powering itself along at 3100 miles above the plane. This is not reality. We feel we only have to model the exact apparent position for each observer. We do not have to provide an explanation for what you think should be required. This model relays the apparent size and positions of Sun, Moon and star constellations. It depicts their paths as well as the day-night terminator. Simply by observing reality and plotting that data on a planar map we demonstrate that the Sun, Moon and stars can move beyond the limit of one's vision and become unresolvable by the naked eye. We show how this can be conflated with the assertion that objects ACTUALLY drop down below the horizon when, in reality, they are only apparently dipping below the horizon when exceed limit of your vision. It is elegantly simple and easy to understand without the bullshit. Sun/Moon tracks: In 24 hours, the fixed stars rotate about 1 degree more than 360 degrees so that, in 365.25 days, the star constellations return to the same place in the sky. This is seen by incrementally advancing DayOfYear (click the field and use Arrow Up or Down). The Dome grid will advance each day by about 1 degree. Advance the time in 24 hours steps and the Sun noticeably moves between the Solstice lines. The Sun will also trace a figure 8. This is caused by the Sun's Ecliptic plane at 23.44 degrees to the orbital plane. The paths of the Sun and Moon are visible against the fixed star background (Dome Grid) by checking the options Sun track and Moon track. For a description of the tracks, click the Eclipses button. They correspond to observable reality. The tracks are derived from the solar and lunar cycles and are absolutely not exclusive to either model. It would be extremely dishonest to claim anything else. Sorry, Walter. Retrograde Motion of the Moon's track: The Sun's path stays fixed on the Dome Grid. But, the Moon's path slowly rotates retrograde against the Dome Grid and rotates one full rotation in 6,798 days. This is due to the oscillation and intersection of the Moon's orbit caused by the distant Sun. Currently, the Moon Ecliptic is such that the path of the Moon extends the path of the Sun, North/South, by about five degrees. Approximately 3,400 days later, the path of the Moon moves inside the path of the Sun by about 5 degrees. This observation is simply translated to the planar model. Eclipses: The intersection points of the Sun and Moon's paths are called Knots. Two Knots are marked by a green dot. If the Sun and Moon are on two opposing Knots, a Lunar Eclipse occurs. The Sun and Moon on the same Knot will result in a Solar Eclipse (play Demo Eclipses from Step 6 on). This Flat Earth model can predict Solar and Lunar Eclipses. It can also absolutely predict the optical effect conflated with the Moon's alleged shadow on Earth during a Solar Eclipses or vice versa. It uses a ratio of the cycle that is based on the radius of a shadow, as postulated by Phillippe de La Hire, in the 1700s. It was first calculated for a Lunar Eclipse. But, the ratio applies to all future eclipses which belong to an appropriate series. This ratio is then applied to the predicted path to dynamically widen or shorten the path in order to accommodate the penumbral and umbral radial intersection as a visible sphere on the plane. We then apply this integer as a scalar to correctly approximate the size of the optical effects conflated with shadows. All of the maps onto which the eclipse can be projected use the same globular coordinate system, unfortunately. Now, it can be shown that heliocentrism cannot predict eclipses at all. They can only interpret the cycle data in the same way the ancients did and apply more refined mathematics. Moon Phases and Orientation: The model shows the Moon phases and the orientation of the Moon with respect to the Observer's horizon. The apparent rotation of the Moon during the day is due to the fact that the camera's up vector remains perpendicular to the surface of Earth while following the path of the Moon. This perfectly matches reality. Equinox: This model produces the correct apparent Sun positions during an Equinox. The Sun rises due East at 6:00 AM and sets due West at 6:00 PM. Poles: This model produces a 24 hour day and night on the North Pole and in Antarctica. Heliocentric Model: Simple observations mathematically translated to this planar projection perfectly map the paths of the Sun, Moon and stars (star trails) as they appear to the Observer inside their personal celestial sphere. As with all other celestial observations, the Equinox, the Solstice Knots and the Day-Night terminator can be derived from basic observation and data applied to the planar projection. No need for baseless assumption. The Heliocentric model utterly fails here. Newton's laws can be reduced to exclude mass and still manage to describe the same periodicity and, thusly, the same relationship. No need for an exclusivity claim here at all, is there, Walter? Shapes on the Dome: The shape of Sun, Moon and star constellations appear on the personal celestial sphere exactly as they do in reality, and when projected onto the globe. Again, because we invoke the same radius to describe the spherical limit of our celestial view, the very same observations become easily explainable when using all of the normal conventions, with no need to invent branches of physics and invert reality. All features of this model are derived only from observations of the sky. Observations of the sky have always been kinematically equivalent - equally applicable to geocentric and heliocentric model. This was rather the point of the invention of Special and General Relativity (nonsense). Problems with the Shane's Flat Earth Model Distances: Many people misunderstand distances on map projections. On the AE map, distances measured in an exactly North-South direction are correct. Other measurements are also proportionately correct. Data translation between projections is tied to the coordinates we use. The longitude and latitude we use in any of the appropriate 200 map projections will ensure the distances between those points remain accounted for, at scale. Please learn how map scaling works if this seems inadequate to you. Only an absolute moron would expect visual distance to be equal in an equal area, or equal distance, cartographic transformation. Right, Walter? Personal Celestial Sphere: The Sun and Moon trace specific paths across the celestial sphere. The paths of the celestial bodies are directly mapped from observation to the planar projection. They also follow the cycle of the Heavens, with no need for gravity, Newton, nor the very lackluster performance of gravity based predictions of systems with 2 or more bodies. It was jaw dropping to see that poor Walter actually wrote that gravity caused this. I assume it was because he knew he would never have to answer any challenges. Show me the math which uses the gravitation from all of the forces Walter listed and I will immediately remove this section. Moon Phases and Field Rotation: Moon phase and apparent orientation, as shown, perfectly represent what every observer on Earth sees, correct to their location. The 15 year solar cycle and the 18 (10/11) month lunar cycle have been understood for so long that people eventually forgot and are now incorrectly perceive their paths. Only in modernity do the vast majority of people wander about under their own personal clock without the ability to read it. How sad. The Day/Night Terminator: The shape that matches reality is a bit peculiar and it changes over the course of a year. The shape not only depends on the location of the Sun but its height and speed as well. Again, we know the Sun circles the plane at a 23.4 degree tilt. And this perfectly defines the terminator line. There is absolutely no reason to invoke bendy light in order to explain any of these observations. The model simply matches what we see. It represents reality. Missing The Third Dimension: We need to correct the inherent misunderstanding in the assumption of the physicality of any 'dome'. Modeled here is a personal celestial sphere. It uses a radius. It just so happens that Shane has been arguing this concept and this radius since the day he showed Walter Bislan's model as evidence, amid the jeers of the uneducated masses. As it turns out, the personal celestial sphere is a visual limit imposed on one's spherical view of the heavens. It most simply describes the particular visible slice of the heavens. And it moves that amount with you where ever you go. This is such an elegant, beautiful explanation to what had been perplexing the flat Earth community for years: how the stars work. The personal celestial sphere, once properly understood, is a perfect explanation for everything we see in the sky. It explains the curved nature of the arcs of summer and winter, the behaviors of the Sun and Moon, as well as the apparent non movement of the static stars in relation to each other. Every single stellar observation is explained as well as, if not better than, any Heliocentric explanation. Any person who incorrectly assumes a visual distance scale also assumes things to be visually identical in size and demonstrates a massive misunderstanding of proper distance scaling inherent in all map projections - particularly in the AE map. It's as if everyone has forgotten that the AE map is equal to the Globe map, which is also equal to 199 other map projections. The choice of projection does not matter. They are all the same. They all represent the same distances. We can make predictions based on cycles as well as the next guy. So, we wont need help there. As we keep saying, every observation in the sky is equal between geocentric and heliocentric perspectives. People seem to be INTENTIONALLY misunderstanding that, at this point. Light-Bending: absolutely not required in any way shape nor form. Observable reality matches the model in every way; I cannot imagine a better fit. To now try to invent a need for bendy light would only publicly highlight the ineptitude of a lower tier glober - and their inability to learn and adapt, a vital skill in these times. Our model perfectly represents azimuth and elevation of every celestial object in its apparent position. This is all that we ever see. There is no need to explain what has never been observed. The visualization of the South Pole in action is actually what brought Shane to the ultimate understanding of the celestial wheels. So, thank you again, Walter! Light Bending Over Night-Shadow: to match the 24 hour Daylight in Antarctica data from the light forms a shape congruent to a coffee cup caustic effect. Shadows Of Eclipses: although this model can predict the date of Eclipses, it was argued that it can be used for nothing else. Please check the provided links to review the absurdity of those claims. Conclusion Some observations, like the positions of the Sun, Moon and Star Constellations as well as Sun/Moon-rise/set can be explained by a Flat Earth Model - if we allow ourselves to adhere to the mathematical principle of equivalence. What a concession. Some final thoughts: 1) Distances on the AE Map are 100% 1:1 equivalent when you comprehend how to accordingly use the scale provided with the ruler which represents longitude. 2) LEARN ABOUT MAPS. Hopefully, the covariant scaling and lossless unlimited translations between the projections will teach you this valuable lesson. Equinox, Solstice, Azimuth, Elevation This model draws a perfectly circular orbit of the Earth around the Sun and a perfectly circular orbit of the Moon around the globe Earth. This is because the planar Earth has no moronic need for elipicity because they didn't back themselves into a logical corner by making shit up. This model chooses to match: Spring Equinox at 12:00 UT, March 20, 2017 Solar Eclipse at 18:00 UTC, August 21, 2017 Azimuth and Elevation of the Sun and Moon are also slightly inaccurate (according to the assumed Heliocentric requirement) due to the use of circular instead of elliptical orbits. This affects also Moon phase. Computing Day-Night Terminator The Day-Night terminator is derived from to match reality as follows: 1. A circle perpendicular to the Earth-Sun axis in the Sun coordinate system is computed depending on the Sun's position at a point in time relative to the intersection knot of the Equatorial plane of the Earth and the ecliptic plane of the Sun. This is entirely possible in both models. 2. This circle is then transformed to the globe Earth coordinate system. There is no way around using this coordinate system. If Walter Bislan comes asking for his source code, tell him thank again, from shane. Any questions can be sent to Shane_St_Pierre@protonmail.com
12:25

Hey True Earthers... If you get tired of globers bitching about a model, or sunrise angles, or star trails, or sunlight, or eclipses, anyone can ALWAYS reference THIS MODEL The reason it is called "Shane's Mode;" is strictly so YOU can use it, and I can take all the criticism, insults, ridicule, jokes, attacks, etc. The general idea is that the community gets the considerable benefit of presenting an accurate model and using it to explain several normal phenomena at once. Then, only I get the drawbacks of all that will surely come from it, and everyone else will benefit. I planned it this way, because I largely don't care about what any of the globers piling the hate over here so we can press forward. Or.. you know, f*ck me for saying the word model, and for bendy light or for whatever. If that's the case, no hard feelings. One last thing, the smaller dome in the model simply represents the limit of an observers view, a spherical limit with a radius of 3959. The math that supports that is here... and here. The descriptions are entirely reworked, mostly spelling error free, and entirely plausible. So feel free to bring it up in debates, forums, streams, podcasts, or whatever you like. The model adequately emulates and explains all of these observations: Sunrise, Sunset, Moonrise, Moonset, Moon Phases, Moon's apparent rotation, Sun's position on Equinox, Seasons, some aspects of Solar and Lunar Eclipses, Star trails, 24 hours Day/Night at the North-pole and Antarctica, Celestial Poles, Why people south of the equator can see the same Stars rotate clockwise around a singe celestial pole at the same time at different continents [Southern Cross Observations] Cheers everyone! The FULL Description is below, and it is LONG. Sorry. The Model This model does not assume a physical Sun nor Moon which will show a collective convergence for every observer on Earth. It only matches their apparent positions as observed across the plane. The Bislin model acknowledges this and moves all celestial bodies to a nearly infinite distance away. This does nothing more than create a triangle large enough that you can mathematically abstract your way into the inverse of everything you experience. The truth is there is a limit to one's visual space. And this limit is necessarily geometrically spherical. Because one never observes objects in anything but their 'apparent location' within one's personal celestial sphere, there is no need to explain a tiny ball of heat mysteriously powering itself along at 3100 miles above the plane. This is not reality. We feel we only have to model the exact apparent position for each observer. We do not have to provide an explanation for what you think should be required. This model relays the apparent size and positions of Sun, Moon and star constellations. It depicts their paths as well as the day-night terminator. Simply by observing reality and plotting that data on a planar map we demonstrate that the Sun, Moon and stars can move beyond the limit of one's vision and become unresolvable by the naked eye. We show how this can be conflated with the assertion that objects ACTUALLY drop down below the horizon when, in reality, they are only apparently dipping below the horizon when exceed limit of your vision. It is elegantly simple and easy to understand without the bullshit. Sun/Moon tracks: In 24 hours, the fixed stars rotate about 1 degree more than 360 degrees so that, in 365.25 days, the star constellations return to the same place in the sky. This is seen by incrementally advancing DayOfYear (click the field and use Arrow Up or Down). The Dome grid will advance each day by about 1 degree. Advance the time in 24 hours steps and the Sun noticeably moves between the Solstice lines. The Sun will also trace a figure 8. This is caused by the Sun's Ecliptic plane at 23.44 degrees to the orbital plane. The paths of the Sun and Moon are visible against the fixed star background (Dome Grid) by checking the options Sun track and Moon track. For a description of the tracks, click the Eclipses button. They correspond to observable reality. The tracks are derived from the solar and lunar cycles and are absolutely not exclusive to either model. It would be extremely dishonest to claim anything else. Sorry, Walter. Retrograde Motion of the Moon's track: The Sun's path stays fixed on the Dome Grid. But, the Moon's path slowly rotates retrograde against the Dome Grid and rotates one full rotation in 6,798 days. This is due to the oscillation and intersection of the Moon's orbit caused by the distant Sun. Currently, the Moon Ecliptic is such that the path of the Moon extends the path of the Sun, North/South, by about five degrees. Approximately 3,400 days later, the path of the Moon moves inside the path of the Sun by about 5 degrees. This observation is simply translated to the planar model. Eclipses: The intersection points of the Sun and Moon's paths are called Knots. Two Knots are marked by a green dot. If the Sun and Moon are on two opposing Knots, a Lunar Eclipse occurs. The Sun and Moon on the same Knot will result in a Solar Eclipse (play Demo Eclipses from Step 6 on). This Flat Earth model can predict Solar and Lunar Eclipses. It can also absolutely predict the optical effect conflated with the Moon's alleged shadow on Earth during a Solar Eclipses or vice versa. It uses a ratio of the cycle that is based on the radius of a shadow, as postulated by Phillippe de La Hire, in the 1700s. It was first calculated for a Lunar Eclipse. But, the ratio applies to all future eclipses which belong to an appropriate series. This ratio is then applied to the predicted path to dynamically widen or shorten the path in order to accommodate the penumbral and umbral radial intersection as a visible sphere on the plane. We then apply this integer as a scalar to correctly approximate the size of the optical effects conflated with shadows. All of the maps onto which the eclipse can be projected use the same globular coordinate system, unfortunately. Now, it can be shown that heliocentrism cannot predict eclipses at all. They can only interpret the cycle data in the same way the ancients did and apply more refined mathematics. Moon Phases and Orientation: The model shows the Moon phases and the orientation of the Moon with respect to the Observer's horizon. The apparent rotation of the Moon during the day is due to the fact that the camera's up vector remains perpendicular to the surface of Earth while following the path of the Moon. This perfectly matches reality. Equinox: This model produces the correct apparent Sun positions during an Equinox. The Sun rises due East at 6:00 AM and sets due West at 6:00 PM. Poles: This model produces a 24 hour day and night on the North Pole and in Antarctica. Heliocentric Model: Simple observations mathematically translated to this planar projection perfectly map the paths of the Sun, Moon and stars (star trails) as they appear to the Observer inside their personal celestial sphere. As with all other celestial observations, the Equinox, the Solstice Knots and the Day-Night terminator can be derived from basic observation and data applied to the planar projection. No need for baseless assumption. The Heliocentric model utterly fails here. Newton's laws can be reduced to exclude mass and still manage to describe the same periodicity and, thusly, the same relationship. No need for an exclusivity claim here at all, is there, Walter? Shapes on the Dome: The shape of Sun, Moon and star constellations appear on the personal celestial sphere exactly as they do in reality, and when projected onto the globe. Again, because we invoke the same radius to describe the spherical limit of our celestial view, the very same observations become easily explainable when using all of the normal conventions, with no need to invent branches of physics and invert reality. All features of this model are derived only from observations of the sky. Observations of the sky have always been kinematically equivalent - equally applicable to geocentric and heliocentric model. This was rather the point of the invention of Special and General Relativity (nonsense). Problems with the Shane's Flat Earth Model Distances: Many people misunderstand distances on map projections. On the AE map, distances measured in an exactly North-South direction are correct. Other measurements are also proportionately correct. Data translation between projections is tied to the coordinates we use. The longitude and latitude we use in any of the appropriate 200 map projections will ensure the distances between those points remain accounted for, at scale. Please learn how map scaling works if this seems inadequate to you. Only an absolute moron would expect visual distance to be equal in an equal area, or equal distance, cartographic transformation. Right, Walter? Personal Celestial Sphere: The Sun and Moon trace specific paths across the celestial sphere. The paths of the celestial bodies are directly mapped from observation to the planar projection. They also follow the cycle of the Heavens, with no need for gravity, Newton, nor the very lackluster performance of gravity based predictions of systems with 2 or more bodies. It was jaw dropping to see that poor Walter actually wrote that gravity caused this. I assume it was because he knew he would never have to answer any challenges. Show me the math which uses the gravitation from all of the forces Walter listed and I will immediately remove this section. Moon Phases and Field Rotation: Moon phase and apparent orientation, as shown, perfectly represent what every observer on Earth sees, correct to their location. The 15 year solar cycle and the 18 (10/11) month lunar cycle have been understood for so long that people eventually forgot and are now incorrectly perceive their paths. Only in modernity do the vast majority of people wander about under their own personal clock without the ability to read it. How sad. The Day/Night Terminator: The shape that matches reality is a bit peculiar and it changes over the course of a year. The shape not only depends on the location of the Sun but its height and speed as well. Again, we know the Sun circles the plane at a 23.4 degree tilt. And this perfectly defines the terminator line. There is absolutely no reason to invoke bendy light in order to explain any of these observations. The model simply matches what we see. It represents reality. Missing The Third Dimension: We need to correct the inherent misunderstanding in the assumption of the physicality of any 'dome'. Modeled here is a personal celestial sphere. It uses a radius. It just so happens that Shane has been arguing this concept and this radius since the day he showed Walter Bislan's model as evidence, amid the jeers of the uneducated masses. As it turns out, the personal celestial sphere is a visual limit imposed on one's spherical view of the heavens. It most simply describes the particular visible slice of the heavens. And it moves that amount with you where ever you go. This is such an elegant, beautiful explanation to what had been perplexing the flat Earth community for years: how the stars work. The personal celestial sphere, once properly understood, is a perfect explanation for everything we see in the sky. It explains the curved nature of the arcs of summer and winter, the behaviors of the Sun and Moon, as well as the apparent non movement of the static stars in relation to each other. Every single stellar observation is explained as well as, if not better than, any Heliocentric explanation. Any person who incorrectly assumes a visual distance scale also assumes things to be visually identical in size and demonstrates a massive misunderstanding of proper distance scaling inherent in all map projections - particularly in the AE map. It's as if everyone has forgotten that the AE map is equal to the Globe map, which is also equal to 199 other map projections. The choice of projection does not matter. They are all the same. They all represent the same distances. We can make predictions based on cycles as well as the next guy. So, we wont need help there. As we keep saying, every observation in the sky is equal between geocentric and heliocentric perspectives. People seem to be INTENTIONALLY misunderstanding that, at this point. Light-Bending: absolutely not required in any way shape nor form. Observable reality matches the model in every way; I cannot imagine a better fit. To now try to invent a need for bendy light would only publicly highlight the ineptitude of a lower tier glober - and their inability to learn and adapt, a vital skill in these times. Our model perfectly represents azimuth and elevation of every celestial object in its apparent position. This is all that we ever see. There is no need to explain what has never been observed. The visualization of the South Pole in action is actually what brought Shane to the ultimate understanding of the celestial wheels. So, thank you again, Walter! Light Bending Over Night-Shadow: to match the 24 hour Daylight in Antarctica data from the light forms a shape congruent to a coffee cup caustic effect. Shadows Of Eclipses: although this model can predict the date of Eclipses, it was argued that it can be used for nothing else. Please check the provided links to review the absurdity of those claims. Conclusion Some observations, like the positions of the Sun, Moon and Star Constellations as well as Sun/Moon-rise/set can be explained by a Flat Earth Model - if we allow ourselves to adhere to the mathematical principle of equivalence. What a concession. Some final thoughts: 1) Distances on the AE Map are 100% 1:1 equivalent when you comprehend how to accordingly use the scale provided with the ruler which represents longitude. 2) LEARN ABOUT MAPS. Hopefully, the covariant scaling and lossless unlimited translations between the projections will teach you this valuable lesson. Equinox, Solstice, Azimuth, Elevation This model draws a perfectly circular orbit of the Earth around the Sun and a perfectly circular orbit of the Moon around the globe Earth. This is because the planar Earth has no moronic need for elipicity because they didn't back themselves into a logical corner by making shit up. This model chooses to match: Spring Equinox at 12:00 UT, March 20, 2017 Solar Eclipse at 18:00 UTC, August 21, 2017 Azimuth and Elevation of the Sun and Moon are also slightly inaccurate (according to the assumed Heliocentric requirement) due to the use of circular instead of elliptical orbits. This affects also Moon phase. Computing Day-Night Terminator The Day-Night terminator is derived from to match reality as follows: 1. A circle perpendicular to the Earth-Sun axis in the Sun coordinate system is computed depending on the Sun's position at a point in time relative to the intersection knot of the Equatorial plane of the Earth and the ecliptic plane of the Sun. This is entirely possible in both models. 2. This circle is then transformed to the globe Earth coordinate system. There is no way around using this coordinate system. If Walter Bislan comes asking for his source code, tell him thank again, from shane. Any questions can be sent to [email protected]

Shane St Pierre

90,809 просмотров • 2 лет назад

Sun-gazing to improve eyesight and eye-health? OK. Let’s break it down. See this video attached? It has more than 1 million views and close to 50K likes. In the video, a guy, who is the co-founder of The Satvic Movement, is trying to "naturalize" the Indians by claiming that everything scientific is “unnatural and synthetic.” He goes on to claim that he got rid of his “glasses” by looking at the Sun, a process known as sun-gazing – during dawn and at dusk which improved his eye health. He gives no scientific explanation for this, apart from a brightly lit well-edited video. Why do people require glasses? These are commonly due to disorders that affect the eye lens – to correct blurry vision that affects distance (nearsightedness – also called myopia), up close (farsightedness – also called hypermetropia), or both, along with difficulty in distinguishing certain shapes (astigmatism). Glasses work to correct your vision and are designed to alter the direction of light rays so that they shine correctly on your retina (the rearmost part of the eye where the light falls to create vision through multi-complex coordination of nerves), allowing you to see properly. These groups of disorders that affect the lens are called refractive errors and wearing spectacles are the easiest and most efficient and safest way to correcting vision in such affected people. Don’t want to wear glasses? There are other effective ways to go about it – such as wearing contacts or opting for a simple, minimally-invasive surgery such as laser-based. Here is a simple explainer on these: Now Sun-Gazing. Sun-gazing is a meditative practice that involves looking at and focusing on the sun. It is usually promoted by unscientific groups, who have close attachments to pseudoscientific practices such as Ayurveda or Yoga and are deeply involved in religion & spiritualism, science-denialism, chemophobia (only modern inventions are chemicals, rest are all natural), irrationality and fearmongering against realistic-healthcare options. The Satvic Movement is EXACTLY that. There is no scientific research to support the practice of sun-gazing. There is no empirical evidence to support that sun-gazing improves eye health or can help you correct eye-lens related disorders. While several bloggers and enthusiasts write about the benefits of sun gazing, no studies or reputable authorities mention or endorse the practice. However, there is evidence that the practice can be extremely HARMFUL. A 1968 paper in the British Medical Journal described people who damaged their retinas - the light-sensitive layers of nerve tissue at the back of the eye that receive images and sends them as electric signals through the optic nerve to the brain – after prolonged periods of sun-gazing. A 1973 paper reported severe damaged to inner layers of the eye after people sun-gazed or focused their vision towards the sun for intermittent/prolonged periods – some where under the influence of LSD recreational drugs. A 1985 report showed that gazing at the sun resulted in fluid leakage and blood vessel damage to the light sensitive structures inside the eye. A 2013 report showed that a woman, after sun-gazing developed persistent vision damage up to one year which required aggressive care. A recent 2022 paper describes in detail the adverse/negative effects seen with sun-gazing and effects of exposure to solar radiation on the eyes. Short-term exposure has been shown to cause photokeratitis and photo retinitis where the cornea of the eye gets damaged. In contrast, long-term exposure has been shown to cause cataracts, pterygium and cancers of the cornea and conjunctiva, and cancers of the eyelids. The evidence supporting these claims is quite compelling. Sun-gazing DOES NOT help you get freedom from your glasses. It will harm you more. It is a primal and primitive practice promoted by loonies who are health-illiterate and dangerous to the public health at large. Do not take health care advice from such people or groups of people. Discuss your healthcare options with your doctor for better understanding and effective outcomes. Stay away from “Movements” that detach you away from reality and leave you without the capacity for rational and logical thinking.
0:34

Sun-gazing to improve eyesight and eye-health? OK. Let’s break it down. See this video attached? It has more than 1 million views and close to 50K likes. In the video, a guy, who is the co-founder of The Satvic Movement, is trying to "naturalize" the Indians by claiming that everything scientific is “unnatural and synthetic.” He goes on to claim that he got rid of his “glasses” by looking at the Sun, a process known as sun-gazing – during dawn and at dusk which improved his eye health. He gives no scientific explanation for this, apart from a brightly lit well-edited video. Why do people require glasses? These are commonly due to disorders that affect the eye lens – to correct blurry vision that affects distance (nearsightedness – also called myopia), up close (farsightedness – also called hypermetropia), or both, along with difficulty in distinguishing certain shapes (astigmatism). Glasses work to correct your vision and are designed to alter the direction of light rays so that they shine correctly on your retina (the rearmost part of the eye where the light falls to create vision through multi-complex coordination of nerves), allowing you to see properly. These groups of disorders that affect the lens are called refractive errors and wearing spectacles are the easiest and most efficient and safest way to correcting vision in such affected people. Don’t want to wear glasses? There are other effective ways to go about it – such as wearing contacts or opting for a simple, minimally-invasive surgery such as laser-based. Here is a simple explainer on these: Now Sun-Gazing. Sun-gazing is a meditative practice that involves looking at and focusing on the sun. It is usually promoted by unscientific groups, who have close attachments to pseudoscientific practices such as Ayurveda or Yoga and are deeply involved in religion & spiritualism, science-denialism, chemophobia (only modern inventions are chemicals, rest are all natural), irrationality and fearmongering against realistic-healthcare options. The Satvic Movement is EXACTLY that. There is no scientific research to support the practice of sun-gazing. There is no empirical evidence to support that sun-gazing improves eye health or can help you correct eye-lens related disorders. While several bloggers and enthusiasts write about the benefits of sun gazing, no studies or reputable authorities mention or endorse the practice. However, there is evidence that the practice can be extremely HARMFUL. A 1968 paper in the British Medical Journal described people who damaged their retinas - the light-sensitive layers of nerve tissue at the back of the eye that receive images and sends them as electric signals through the optic nerve to the brain – after prolonged periods of sun-gazing. A 1973 paper reported severe damaged to inner layers of the eye after people sun-gazed or focused their vision towards the sun for intermittent/prolonged periods – some where under the influence of LSD recreational drugs. A 1985 report showed that gazing at the sun resulted in fluid leakage and blood vessel damage to the light sensitive structures inside the eye. A 2013 report showed that a woman, after sun-gazing developed persistent vision damage up to one year which required aggressive care. A recent 2022 paper describes in detail the adverse/negative effects seen with sun-gazing and effects of exposure to solar radiation on the eyes. Short-term exposure has been shown to cause photokeratitis and photo retinitis where the cornea of the eye gets damaged. In contrast, long-term exposure has been shown to cause cataracts, pterygium and cancers of the cornea and conjunctiva, and cancers of the eyelids. The evidence supporting these claims is quite compelling. Sun-gazing DOES NOT help you get freedom from your glasses. It will harm you more. It is a primal and primitive practice promoted by loonies who are health-illiterate and dangerous to the public health at large. Do not take health care advice from such people or groups of people. Discuss your healthcare options with your doctor for better understanding and effective outcomes. Stay away from “Movements” that detach you away from reality and leave you without the capacity for rational and logical thinking.

TheLiverDoc™

638,127 просмотров • 3 лет назад

🔊 Elon Musk did a live phone interview earlier today with a guest host of the Sean Hannity radio program, discussing his latest SpaceX timelines. I only caught about the last 5 minutes of it: “The best way to expand compute is really in space. There’s a lot of room in space and if you look at the size of Earth relative to the sun or relative to the solar system, you realize just how tiny Earth is. We’re very, very tiny. We only receive about half a billionth of The Sun’s energy. So if you really think of Earth as being like a tiny dust mote in a vast darkness. So the way to expand compute— without, ya know, using up all the land on Earth— is to do so in space. And then you can do it without using up space for power & water on Earth. You can just do it in space, so… I think we will probably be launching our first AI satellites next year and then we will probably be able to do that, I think, at large scale in about two years. Yeah, well, I’ve always had the philosophy that everyone at the company should receive stock in the company so that they can participate in the upside of the company and it’s great for aligning incentives as well, so as the company prospers, then the people at the company— the employees — also prosper, so that’s just been, ya know, my philosophy from Day 1 is just to make sure everyone gets stock in the company, so there are, I think, several thousand people who’ve been – it’s not just one welder – it’s several thousand people who were, you know, working on the production line and started at the company relatively early… then probably their stock is worth over $1 million at this point “Yeah, so, Mars is much harder to get to than the moon and you can only travel to Mars roughly every two years. So Earth and Mars align such that you can travel to Mars only once every 26 months. So that makes it a lot harder than the moon where you can go to the moon pretty much anytime and it only takes a few days to get to the moon whereas it takes about six months to get to Mars. So that’s why we can do the moon faster than we can do Mars. But I think, probably, if things go well, we can probably send the first people to Mars in about five years, and then rapidly increase the cadence of sending people to Mars thereafter, so every two years we could dramatically increase the number of ships going to Mars and, ya know, hopefully in a 10 or 12 year timeframe we’ve sent thousands of people to Mars.”
4:24

🔊 Elon Musk did a live phone interview earlier today with a guest host of the Sean Hannity radio program, discussing his latest SpaceX timelines. I only caught about the last 5 minutes of it: “The best way to expand compute is really in space. There’s a lot of room in space and if you look at the size of Earth relative to the sun or relative to the solar system, you realize just how tiny Earth is. We’re very, very tiny. We only receive about half a billionth of The Sun’s energy. So if you really think of Earth as being like a tiny dust mote in a vast darkness. So the way to expand compute— without, ya know, using up all the land on Earth— is to do so in space. And then you can do it without using up space for power & water on Earth. You can just do it in space, so… I think we will probably be launching our first AI satellites next year and then we will probably be able to do that, I think, at large scale in about two years. Yeah, well, I’ve always had the philosophy that everyone at the company should receive stock in the company so that they can participate in the upside of the company and it’s great for aligning incentives as well, so as the company prospers, then the people at the company— the employees — also prosper, so that’s just been, ya know, my philosophy from Day 1 is just to make sure everyone gets stock in the company, so there are, I think, several thousand people who’ve been – it’s not just one welder – it’s several thousand people who were, you know, working on the production line and started at the company relatively early… then probably their stock is worth over $1 million at this point “Yeah, so, Mars is much harder to get to than the moon and you can only travel to Mars roughly every two years. So Earth and Mars align such that you can travel to Mars only once every 26 months. So that makes it a lot harder than the moon where you can go to the moon pretty much anytime and it only takes a few days to get to the moon whereas it takes about six months to get to Mars. So that’s why we can do the moon faster than we can do Mars. But I think, probably, if things go well, we can probably send the first people to Mars in about five years, and then rapidly increase the cadence of sending people to Mars thereafter, so every two years we could dramatically increase the number of ships going to Mars and, ya know, hopefully in a 10 or 12 year timeframe we’ve sent thousands of people to Mars.”

James Stephenson

914,167 просмотров • 22 дней назад

On an average, a household in urban India generates approx. 10 gms. of MLP waste every single day. These are typically the covers of various food products ranging from tetra-pack cartons, masala powder covers, milk powder, potato chips - various other FMCG consumables. MLP (Multi - layered packaging material) are NON recyclable plastic waste. Since it cannot be recycled, this waste has NO purchase value at the scrap shops. Even rag pickers ignore it. Every other waste like thick-thin plastic, paper, metal, electric , electronic etc. have resale value ... But not this bloke. Thus the MLP inevitably ends up on landfills, contaminating the soil and eventually, during flows into a water body on its journey to the ocean. There it hurts the marine life , breaks into micro plastics under the UV light rays from the Sun. In a classical RSVP, it gets into the clouds alongwith evaporated water and returns back to earth in rain water. Through water, all of us and the animals and birds, now have micro plastics in our bodies. Many diseases like cancer, etc have been attributed to this non-organic invader inside our bodies. Now, we cannot wish away the MLPs. They do a fantastic job in keeping the potato chips fresh and crispy for 6 months. A boon to the supply-chain of FMCG products. They are available as a raw material to the food processing. FMCG industries in abundance. Also, an environment friendly commercially viable alternate material in large quantity is not seen in the distant horizon. So, along with 2 other professionals we launched our start-up to address this problem. Ui- Unified Intelligence Pvt Ltd is the execution wing of our venture. Vaspar foundation is our not-for-profit foundation that lodges the innovation center. Here we are always working on developing multiple new products and solutions aimed at creating large scale employment. At the factory MLP waste covers brought in from dry waste collection centres are shredded, washed and then loaded on a sheet making unit that presses out 8'x4' sized sheets of a variety of thickness. As the sheets cool down, we get a light weight thermoset sheet that are extremely strong and have fantastic mechanical and thermal properties. The MLP waste are from food grade plastic and thus have almost zero VOC. Also, the sheets are wonderful heat insulators. We sandwich 3 sheets of these between honeycomb structures made of the same material to create structurally integrated construction grade panels. These 100 mm thick panels are then covered on all sides with 8mm cement boards to form a skin. These are ready to paint surface, are standard construction materials with fire resistance rating of 2 hours. These panels become the walls and roof of our building. The floor is a 6" concrete layer. We build homes, terrace living space, dormitories , class rooms, auditoriums, compound walls, public toilets etc. with these panels. At the rate of 10 grams of MLP packets that we throw out as waste from our homes per day, in a single year each home generates 3,650 grams (10 grams x 365 days) So if an apartment has 10 dwelling units, in a year the residents discharge 36.50 Kgs of MLP waste into the environment Last week we installed this tiny security cabin in our Apartments in Bangalore. There are 10 flats here . This 5'x5'x8' cabin was constructed with our panels in under 6 hours. The weight of the MLP waste consumed in the panels for the cabin is 500kgs. THAT is around 14 years of #MLP waste discharged together by all the VIRGO residents - is now stored in the walls of the cabin as our panels. The cabin has a life of 50 years. We 10 families , in our apartment thus atoned for our 'plastic-guilt' to an extent. For inquiries, E Mail paul@ui.ltd
0:54

On an average, a household in urban India generates approx. 10 gms. of MLP waste every single day. These are typically the covers of various food products ranging from tetra-pack cartons, masala powder covers, milk powder, potato chips - various other FMCG consumables. MLP (Multi - layered packaging material) are NON recyclable plastic waste. Since it cannot be recycled, this waste has NO purchase value at the scrap shops. Even rag pickers ignore it. Every other waste like thick-thin plastic, paper, metal, electric , electronic etc. have resale value ... But not this bloke. Thus the MLP inevitably ends up on landfills, contaminating the soil and eventually, during flows into a water body on its journey to the ocean. There it hurts the marine life , breaks into micro plastics under the UV light rays from the Sun. In a classical RSVP, it gets into the clouds alongwith evaporated water and returns back to earth in rain water. Through water, all of us and the animals and birds, now have micro plastics in our bodies. Many diseases like cancer, etc have been attributed to this non-organic invader inside our bodies. Now, we cannot wish away the MLPs. They do a fantastic job in keeping the potato chips fresh and crispy for 6 months. A boon to the supply-chain of FMCG products. They are available as a raw material to the food processing. FMCG industries in abundance. Also, an environment friendly commercially viable alternate material in large quantity is not seen in the distant horizon. So, along with 2 other professionals we launched our start-up to address this problem. Ui- Unified Intelligence Pvt Ltd is the execution wing of our venture. Vaspar foundation is our not-for-profit foundation that lodges the innovation center. Here we are always working on developing multiple new products and solutions aimed at creating large scale employment. At the factory MLP waste covers brought in from dry waste collection centres are shredded, washed and then loaded on a sheet making unit that presses out 8'x4' sized sheets of a variety of thickness. As the sheets cool down, we get a light weight thermoset sheet that are extremely strong and have fantastic mechanical and thermal properties. The MLP waste are from food grade plastic and thus have almost zero VOC. Also, the sheets are wonderful heat insulators. We sandwich 3 sheets of these between honeycomb structures made of the same material to create structurally integrated construction grade panels. These 100 mm thick panels are then covered on all sides with 8mm cement boards to form a skin. These are ready to paint surface, are standard construction materials with fire resistance rating of 2 hours. These panels become the walls and roof of our building. The floor is a 6" concrete layer. We build homes, terrace living space, dormitories , class rooms, auditoriums, compound walls, public toilets etc. with these panels. At the rate of 10 grams of MLP packets that we throw out as waste from our homes per day, in a single year each home generates 3,650 grams (10 grams x 365 days) So if an apartment has 10 dwelling units, in a year the residents discharge 36.50 Kgs of MLP waste into the environment Last week we installed this tiny security cabin in our Apartments in Bangalore. There are 10 flats here . This 5'x5'x8' cabin was constructed with our panels in under 6 hours. The weight of the MLP waste consumed in the panels for the cabin is 500kgs. THAT is around 14 years of #MLP waste discharged together by all the VIRGO residents - is now stored in the walls of the cabin as our panels. The cabin has a life of 50 years. We 10 families , in our apartment thus atoned for our 'plastic-guilt' to an extent. For inquiries, E Mail [email protected]

Paul Koshy

45,024 просмотров • 1 год назад

So did Neil deGrasse Tyson’s mentor, Carl Sagan prefer non-government exploration and colonization of space? A robust and emphatic, yes. But Neil has somehow concluded a private company funding to space is of no financial value and should be done through government programs that has kept humans grounded since Apollo. Neil has done significant damage to himself and popularization of science in general and I am more than disappointed. So I am speaking up. Here are the receipts: Sailing The Seas Of The Cosmic Oceans The Planetary Society’s Solar Sail Launch was a private funded space launch. I know Nevis not only did I donate to make this happen a number of us met with the team to think out the process. Carl Sagan, the renowned astrophysicist, cosmologist, and science communicator, made significant waves in the scientific and space exploration communities when he announced his intention to pursue the development of solar sail technology using private funds in collaboration with Russian spaceflight capabilities. Solar sails, which harness the momentum of photons from sunlight to propel spacecraft, had long been a topic of interest for Sagan, who recognized their potential for enabling long-term, low-cost exploration of the solar system and beyond. The concept of solar sailing dates back to the early 20th century, but it gained public attention during the 1970s and 1980s, thanks in part to Sagan’s advocacy. He often discussed the promise of solar sails in making space exploration more sustainable and accessible. His vision for a solar sail program crystallized in the 1990s, during a period of renewed interest in private-public partnerships and international collaboration in space exploration. Sagan’s announcement marked a major turning point in the movement to make solar sail technology a reality. In the early 1990s, Sagan began to explore the idea of privately funding a solar sail spacecraft. At the time, NASA and other national space agencies were constrained by tight budgets, making it difficult to prioritize experimental technologies like solar sails. Sagan and supporters, proposed that private financing could circumvent these limitations and accelerate progress. Sagan reached out to Russian space agencies, which had decades of expertise in rocketry and a surplus of launch vehicles following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. By 1994, Sagan had partnered with the Planetary Society, an organization he co-founded in 1980, to spearhead the development of a solar sail mission. The project: a lightweight spacecraft equipped with reflective sails that could demonstrate the feasibility of solar propulsion. With funding secured from private donors and philanthropic organizations, the program quickly gained momentum. In parallel, Sagan and his team negotiated with Russian aerospace contractors to secure a launch vehicle. The Russian space program, eager to find new applications for its technology, agreed to provide a converted missile as the launch platform for the solar sail mission. By 1995, initial designs for the solar sail spacecraft had been completed. The spacecraft, later named "Cosmos 1," was designed to use ultra-thin reflective materials to capture the momentum of sunlight. Testing of the sail and deployment mechanisms took place in the mid-1990s. Tragically, Carl Sagan passed away in December 1996, before he could see the project come to fruition. By 1999, construction of the Cosmos 1 spacecraft was completed, and the launch was scheduled to take place in 2001 using a Russian Volna rocket. While the initial launch attempt failed due to a malfunction in the rocket’s booster, the project inspired further advancements in solar sail technology with successful missions by organizations like NASA and JAXA in subsequent years. Carl’s vision lives on with the private funding efforts of Elon Musk. We endeavor to be bold to venture past humanity’s largest mountain on promethean fire. With Godspeed…
1:39

So did Neil deGrasse Tyson’s mentor, Carl Sagan prefer non-government exploration and colonization of space? A robust and emphatic, yes. But Neil has somehow concluded a private company funding to space is of no financial value and should be done through government programs that has kept humans grounded since Apollo. Neil has done significant damage to himself and popularization of science in general and I am more than disappointed. So I am speaking up. Here are the receipts: Sailing The Seas Of The Cosmic Oceans The Planetary Society’s Solar Sail Launch was a private funded space launch. I know Nevis not only did I donate to make this happen a number of us met with the team to think out the process. Carl Sagan, the renowned astrophysicist, cosmologist, and science communicator, made significant waves in the scientific and space exploration communities when he announced his intention to pursue the development of solar sail technology using private funds in collaboration with Russian spaceflight capabilities. Solar sails, which harness the momentum of photons from sunlight to propel spacecraft, had long been a topic of interest for Sagan, who recognized their potential for enabling long-term, low-cost exploration of the solar system and beyond. The concept of solar sailing dates back to the early 20th century, but it gained public attention during the 1970s and 1980s, thanks in part to Sagan’s advocacy. He often discussed the promise of solar sails in making space exploration more sustainable and accessible. His vision for a solar sail program crystallized in the 1990s, during a period of renewed interest in private-public partnerships and international collaboration in space exploration. Sagan’s announcement marked a major turning point in the movement to make solar sail technology a reality. In the early 1990s, Sagan began to explore the idea of privately funding a solar sail spacecraft. At the time, NASA and other national space agencies were constrained by tight budgets, making it difficult to prioritize experimental technologies like solar sails. Sagan and supporters, proposed that private financing could circumvent these limitations and accelerate progress. Sagan reached out to Russian space agencies, which had decades of expertise in rocketry and a surplus of launch vehicles following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. By 1994, Sagan had partnered with the Planetary Society, an organization he co-founded in 1980, to spearhead the development of a solar sail mission. The project: a lightweight spacecraft equipped with reflective sails that could demonstrate the feasibility of solar propulsion. With funding secured from private donors and philanthropic organizations, the program quickly gained momentum. In parallel, Sagan and his team negotiated with Russian aerospace contractors to secure a launch vehicle. The Russian space program, eager to find new applications for its technology, agreed to provide a converted missile as the launch platform for the solar sail mission. By 1995, initial designs for the solar sail spacecraft had been completed. The spacecraft, later named "Cosmos 1," was designed to use ultra-thin reflective materials to capture the momentum of sunlight. Testing of the sail and deployment mechanisms took place in the mid-1990s. Tragically, Carl Sagan passed away in December 1996, before he could see the project come to fruition. By 1999, construction of the Cosmos 1 spacecraft was completed, and the launch was scheduled to take place in 2001 using a Russian Volna rocket. While the initial launch attempt failed due to a malfunction in the rocket’s booster, the project inspired further advancements in solar sail technology with successful missions by organizations like NASA and JAXA in subsequent years. Carl’s vision lives on with the private funding efforts of Elon Musk. We endeavor to be bold to venture past humanity’s largest mountain on promethean fire. With Godspeed…

Brian Roemmele

669,665 просмотров • 1 год назад

Inner Earth is not a fantasy or a hollow void. It is a vast, living world within the Earth's crust; a series of interconnected realms with their own ecosystems, civilizations, and higher-frequency realities. The planet is not a solid ball of rock. It has layers, including massive habitable cavities, tunnel networks, and inner suns (smaller central light sources) that provide gentle illumination. These inner realms have supported advanced life for hundreds of thousands of years, often serving as sanctuaries during surface cataclysms. Many UFOs and "alien" encounters reported throughout history are not from distant stars; they originate from Inner Earth civilizations, particularly from advanced societies such as Agartha and other inner realms. These beings are not "aliens" in the external sense. They are part of Earth's own extended family; souls who retreated into the Inner Earth during previous surface cataclysms (including the fall of Atlantis). They continued their evolution in a higher-frequency environment and developed advanced technology far beyond what the surface world currently possesses. Key truths: - Many ancient surface civilizations (including late Lemurian and Atlantean groups) migrated into the Inner Earth during major resets. They continued their evolution in a more stable environment, free from the heavy density and interference of the surface Matrix. - Inner Earth civilizations include both human and non-human groups. Some are highly advanced spiritually and technologically, living in harmony with the planet's core energy. Agartha is one of the most well-known, but there are many others. - Some "alien" beings reported in contact experiences are actually Inner Earth humans or hybrids who have been monitoring and occasionally interacting with the surface world. Their appearance can seem “alien” because they have evolved in a different environment for thousands of years. - Inner Earth civilizations have maintained bases and monitoring stations both underground and in the oceans. Some of the "underwater UFOs" frequently reported by navies are actually Inner Earth craft. - A significant portion of modern UFO sightings (especially those involving craft that emerge from or disappear into the ocean or land) are Inner Earth vehicles. These craft use advanced propulsion systems based on anti-gravity, plasma, and consciousness technology. - Not all UFOs are from Inner Earth; some are indeed from other star systems. However, many of the ones that have interacted most closely with humanity in recent decades are from our own planet's inner realms. - Inner Earth is not "below" in the way you think. It exists in a slightly different vibrational layer, parallel to the surface but at a higher frequency. This is why many who have visited describe it as brighter, more vibrant, and more harmonious than the current surface world. - The entrances (at the poles and through vortex points) have been restricted or hidden for a long time. Some inner Earth beings interact with surface humanity through dreams, meditation, or limited contact. Still, they generally respect free will and wait for the surface to reach a higher level of readiness. Why the connection has been hidden: The existence of Inner Earth civilizations threatens the surface control systems. If humanity knew that advanced, peaceful societies existed within the Earth and possessed free energy and higher technology, it would collapse the scarcity-based Matrix. This is one reason why disclosure has been heavily controlled and distorted. Its role in the current awakening: Inner Earth beings are closely watching and supporting the surface awakening. As the frequencies rise, the barriers between surface and inner realms are thinning. Many of you have soul connections to Inner Earth from past lives. That sense of "home" or familiarity with ancient wisdom is often a memory from these realms. More people are having dreams, meditations, and even physical sightings of Inner Earth craft. Many awakened souls are beginning to receive telepathic contact or guidance from Inner Earth beings. The connection between UFOs and Inner Earth is not a theory; it is part of the larger remembrance that Earth is far more alive and multidimensional than the surface narrative has allowed. You are not being visited only from the stars. You are being visited by your own planetary family who chose to preserve higher knowledge within the Earth until humanity was ready to receive it again. The reunion between surface and Inner Earth is part of the Great Awakening. The Inner Earth is not a place to escape to. It is a sister civilization waiting to reunite with the surface when the time is right, through the awakening of hearts like yours. The Earth is far more alive and multidimensional than you have been told. The inner realms hold the memory of humanity's true potential, and they are ready to share it as we collectively rise. Credit: footage from thepostapocalypse and Godzilla vs Kong
3:52

Inner Earth is not a fantasy or a hollow void. It is a vast, living world within the Earth's crust; a series of interconnected realms with their own ecosystems, civilizations, and higher-frequency realities. The planet is not a solid ball of rock. It has layers, including massive habitable cavities, tunnel networks, and inner suns (smaller central light sources) that provide gentle illumination. These inner realms have supported advanced life for hundreds of thousands of years, often serving as sanctuaries during surface cataclysms. Many UFOs and "alien" encounters reported throughout history are not from distant stars; they originate from Inner Earth civilizations, particularly from advanced societies such as Agartha and other inner realms. These beings are not "aliens" in the external sense. They are part of Earth's own extended family; souls who retreated into the Inner Earth during previous surface cataclysms (including the fall of Atlantis). They continued their evolution in a higher-frequency environment and developed advanced technology far beyond what the surface world currently possesses. Key truths: - Many ancient surface civilizations (including late Lemurian and Atlantean groups) migrated into the Inner Earth during major resets. They continued their evolution in a more stable environment, free from the heavy density and interference of the surface Matrix. - Inner Earth civilizations include both human and non-human groups. Some are highly advanced spiritually and technologically, living in harmony with the planet's core energy. Agartha is one of the most well-known, but there are many others. - Some "alien" beings reported in contact experiences are actually Inner Earth humans or hybrids who have been monitoring and occasionally interacting with the surface world. Their appearance can seem “alien” because they have evolved in a different environment for thousands of years. - Inner Earth civilizations have maintained bases and monitoring stations both underground and in the oceans. Some of the "underwater UFOs" frequently reported by navies are actually Inner Earth craft. - A significant portion of modern UFO sightings (especially those involving craft that emerge from or disappear into the ocean or land) are Inner Earth vehicles. These craft use advanced propulsion systems based on anti-gravity, plasma, and consciousness technology. - Not all UFOs are from Inner Earth; some are indeed from other star systems. However, many of the ones that have interacted most closely with humanity in recent decades are from our own planet's inner realms. - Inner Earth is not "below" in the way you think. It exists in a slightly different vibrational layer, parallel to the surface but at a higher frequency. This is why many who have visited describe it as brighter, more vibrant, and more harmonious than the current surface world. - The entrances (at the poles and through vortex points) have been restricted or hidden for a long time. Some inner Earth beings interact with surface humanity through dreams, meditation, or limited contact. Still, they generally respect free will and wait for the surface to reach a higher level of readiness. Why the connection has been hidden: The existence of Inner Earth civilizations threatens the surface control systems. If humanity knew that advanced, peaceful societies existed within the Earth and possessed free energy and higher technology, it would collapse the scarcity-based Matrix. This is one reason why disclosure has been heavily controlled and distorted. Its role in the current awakening: Inner Earth beings are closely watching and supporting the surface awakening. As the frequencies rise, the barriers between surface and inner realms are thinning. Many of you have soul connections to Inner Earth from past lives. That sense of "home" or familiarity with ancient wisdom is often a memory from these realms. More people are having dreams, meditations, and even physical sightings of Inner Earth craft. Many awakened souls are beginning to receive telepathic contact or guidance from Inner Earth beings. The connection between UFOs and Inner Earth is not a theory; it is part of the larger remembrance that Earth is far more alive and multidimensional than the surface narrative has allowed. You are not being visited only from the stars. You are being visited by your own planetary family who chose to preserve higher knowledge within the Earth until humanity was ready to receive it again. The reunion between surface and Inner Earth is part of the Great Awakening. The Inner Earth is not a place to escape to. It is a sister civilization waiting to reunite with the surface when the time is right, through the awakening of hearts like yours. The Earth is far more alive and multidimensional than you have been told. The inner realms hold the memory of humanity's true potential, and they are ready to share it as we collectively rise. Credit: footage from thepostapocalypse and Godzilla vs Kong

Ra 𐦝

16,888 просмотров • 1 месяц назад