Blood groups, donors and recipients

Blood groups are determined by the presence or absence of certain antigens and antibodies on the surface of red blood cells. Antigens are substances that can trigger an immune response, and antibodies are proteins that can bind to antigens and neutralize them. There are four main blood groups: A, B, AB, and O, and each group can be positive or negative depending on the presence or absence of the Rh factor, another antigen. Blood transfusions and organ transplants require matching blood types between the donor and the recipient, otherwise the recipient’s immune system may attack the donated blood or organ. The universal donor blood type is O negative, which means it can be given to anyone regardless of their blood type. The universal recipient blood type is AB positive, which means it can receive any blood type. However, these are only used in emergencies, and it is ideal to transfuse the same blood group as the patient.

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Blood groups: A, B, AB, O. A can receive from A, O. B can receive from B, O. AB can receive from A, B, AB, O. O is a universal donor for red cells.

There are four main blood groups: A, B, AB, and O. Blood group A can receive from A and O, B from B and O, AB can receive from A, B, AB, and O, while O can only receive from O. Universal donors are O negative for red blood cells and AB positive for plasma, as they can donate to most blood types.

O negative is called the universal blood donor. People with O negative can donate blood to anyone.

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