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Data has always been the bottleneck for physical AI in self driving and robotics. Tesla is taking two very different approaches for FSD and Optimus. Tesla’s Optimus Training Playbook: 1. Build 30k Optimus Gen 3 robots 2. Operate them in a mock environment where they can perform self-play “Optimus...

34,671 Aufrufe • vor 5 Monaten •via X (Twitter)

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Elon just dropped a MAJOR nugget on how Tesla is going to be training Optimus to do real world tasks. They are building an Optimus Academy, which is a large scale, dedicated real-world training facility to accelerate the development of Optimus. The Academy will deploy thousands of Optimus units, potentially 10,000 to 30,000 robots, in a controlled realistic environment where they perform self-play, experiment with tasks, iterate on behaviors, and continuously generate training data through trial and error. The Tesla bots will also run millions of simulations in Tesla’s high-fidelity physics-accurate engine, allowing Optimus to close the “sim-to-real gap” by using these real-world observations to refine and validate the simulations! “You’re actually highlighting an important limitation and difference from cars. We’ll soon have 10 million cars on the road. It’s hard to duplicate that massive training flywheel. For the robot, what we’re going to need to do is build a lot of robots and put them in kind of an Optimus Academy so they can do self-play in reality. We’re actually building that out. We can have at least 10,000 Optimus robots, maybe 20-30,000, that are doing self-play and testing different tasks. Tesla has quite a good reality generator, a physics-accurate reality generator, that we made for the cars. We’ll do the same thing for the robots. We actually have done that for the robots. So you have a few tens of thousands of humanoid robots doing different tasks. You can do millions of simulated robots in the simulated world. You use the tens of thousands of robots in the real world to close the simulation to reality gap. Close the sim-to-real gap.”

Teslaconomics

42,563 Aufrufe • vor 5 Monaten

Everything Elon said about Optimus on the Q4 2024 earnings call: ⦿ I see a path for Tesla to be the most valuable company in the world, possibly bigger than the next five companies combined, overwhelmingly due to autonomous vehicles and autonomous humanoid robots. ⦿ The training compute needed for Optimus will ultimately probably be 10× what is needed for cars. Humanoids likely have 1,000× more useS than a car, which doesn't mean training scales by 1,000×, but probably close to 10×. The training compute will scale progressively as Optimus becomes more productive. ⦿ Long-term, Optimus has the potential to generate $10 trillion in revenue. In that scenario, we can support a lot of training compute. Even $500 billion in training compute is a good deal (chuckles). ⦿ There's a lot of uncertainty with timing because several aspects are being iterated simultaneously. The internal plan is for roughly 10,000 robots to be built this year, but we'll more likely produce several thousand. ⦿ I'm confident those several thousand robots will be able to do useful things. ⦿ The lessons from Production V1 will inform the changes in Production V2, which we expect to launch around mid-next year. ⦿ Our goal, aspirationally, is to ramp 10× every year, but perhaps we end up with 5× growth per year. With that kind of growth, it won't be many years before we're making 100 million robots a year. ⦿ The off-the-shelf components didn't work well, so we had to design everything in-house, including the most sophisticated hand ever made. Optimus will be able to play a piano and thread a needle. ⦿ My long-term prediction is that Optimus will overwhelmingly be the value of the company. ⦿ Optimus is not design-locked. It is rapidly evolving in a good direction. Tesla has by far the best humanoid robotics engineers in the world. Tesla also has all the other necessary ingredients: battery pack, power electronics, charging, communications, real-world AI, and the ability to scale production. ⦿ What other companies are missing is real-world AI and the ability to scale to millions of units a year. ⦿ This year, we aim to use Optimus internally at Tesla. We can easily use several thousand robots at Tesla for repetitive tasks, such as loading sheet metal at the welding line. ⦿ The Production V1 line is roughly 1,000 units per month. The Production V2, launching around mid-next year, will be for 10k units per month. The line after that will be for 100k units a month. Of course, it takes time for any given line to reach its maximum potential. ⦿ A very rough guess: we'll start delivering Optimus to companies outside of Tesla in the second half of 2026. The ramp is going to be exponential, and demand will not be a problem. ⦿ Once we're above 1 million units per year, the production cost of Optimus will be less than $20,000. Its total mass and complexity are much lower than a car. At a similar production volume to the Model Y, Optimus should be about half the cost of a Model Y. ⦿ The price is a different matter than cost. The price of Optimus will be set by market demand. [This is by far the longest Elon has ever spent discussing Optimus on an earnings call.]

The Humanoid Hub

96,475 Aufrufe • vor 1 Jahr

If insurance companies don’t adapt to Tesla FSD, they’re going to have a real problem. In 2024 at the Berkshire Hathaway shareholder meeting, Warren Buffett got asked, “Assuming Elon delivers on his fully autonomous driving goal. Elon said, if you’ve got at scale, a statistically significant amount of data that shows conclusively that the autonomous car has half the accident rate of a human driven car, I think that’s difficult to ignore. Assuming Elon succeeds in reducing accidents by 50% vs human drivers, wouldn’t auto insurance rates fall to reflect the reduced underwriting risks, thereby adversely impacting Geico’s revenues and float and perhaps margins, too?” His main response was, “Well, let’s just take the extreme example. Let’s say there are only going to be 3 accidents in the U.S. next year for some crazy reason… anything that reduces accidents is going to reduce costs… If accidents get reduced 50%, it’s going to be good for society and it’s going to be bad for insurance companies’ volume… but good for society is what we’re looking for.” I’ve followed Tesla closely for years and now the proof is impossible to ignore. Profiting from insurance is built on risk and FSD is systematically removing it. FSD has now crossed the data threshold that insurers can’t ignore. By 2026, Tesla FSD has logged over 10B+ real world miles from real human behavior, real streets, real weather, real chaos, and it’s materially more data than ANY company in the world has today. Tesla’s own safety reports show it clearly: • Human driven U.S. average: ~1M miles per accident • Tesla Autopilot: ~4.5M miles per accident • Tesla FSD engaged: ~7.5M miles per accident That’s a 7.5x safety improvement over human driving! If the risk is 7.5x lower, and your premiums you’re charging customers don’t change, something is wrong. Insurance pricing is supposed to reflect this risk. This is why today’s Lemonade announcement is a wake up call to insurance providers. When Lemonade announced it’s offering a 50% insurance discount when FSD is steering, they’re reacting to Tesla FSD data. Fewer crashes results in fewer payouts, period. This is what adaptive insurance looks like and thus why Tesla & Lemonade insurance has an advantage. They are adapting to real FSD data and real time risk, and adjusting the prices. All while traditional insurance companies are still using broad historical averages, falling behind and losing customers. Companies like GEICO, State Farm, and Allstate were built for a world where humans are driving, risk is random, and prices update slowly. I believe this era of insurance is ending. Even Warren admitted it in this video, saying cutting accidents in half is great for society, but BAD for insurance volume. Bc less risk means lower premiums and lower premiums mean less float and less float is the core of traditional insurance profits! If FSD adoption hits even 50% of Tesla’s fleet, I bet accident rates could drop 30-50% industry wide. That alone puts massive pressure on a ~$300B U.S. auto insurance market today. This is also why I believe Tesla insurance has a MAJOR advantage. Your premium is solely based on data. It uses real time vehicle telemetry, scores you based on actual driving behavior, and rewards your FSD usage directly and right away. In places like California, Tesla Insurance premiums for FSD users are already 20-30% cheaper than competitors. In some cases, safe drivers see up to 60% discounts. And in Texas, claims for FSD users are 40% lower than non-FSD drivers. The long term outcome is becoming obvious to me. Insurance companies that DO NOT adapt prices dynamically, use real time data, and recognize FSD’s safety advantage will most likely lose their best customers to companies that do. For Tesla owners, this is great news bc safer driving, esp using FSD will result in cheaper insurance, but for legacy insurers, this is an existential moment. You either adapt or risk getting left behind.

Teslaconomics

140,963 Aufrufe • vor 5 Monaten