Загрузка видео...

Не удалось загрузить видео

На главную

If you have Cancer, this is your visualization. That is a cancerous cell reaching Apoptosis and Necrosis—they are gone. — Natural Killer (NK) cells play a the primary role in the immune system's defense against cancer. They induce cancer cell death primarily through two mechanisms: Apoptosis Necrosis Apoptosis is...

191,436 просмотров • 9 месяцев назад •via X (Twitter)

Комментарии: 0

Нет доступных комментариев

Здесь появятся комментарии из оригинального поста

Похожие видео

Ladies and gentlemen, something happened in Tuapse, and we received a video message from the locals. This video is about humanity. This video is about you and me... Why are you, Ukrainians, so brainwashed, angry, and unsympathetic to the grief of the people of Tuapse... And aren’t you ashamed to be like that... But let's be serious. It's 2026, something happened, and instead of Z-festivals, dear Russians were recording videos saying they are just pawns, that they are not guilty, that they sympathize with us, and that they never wanted any of this. And you shouldn't hate them, they are... good. They just want peace, for unicorns to run across the rainbow, and instead of rockets, to launch confetti 🥰 And along with you, madam, there are another 1 million mercenaries fighting in Ukraine, 2.5 million regular scumbags, 2.5 million weaklings, more than 4 million scumbags working in defense industries, 3 million scumbags in the government apparatus. And tens of millions more scumbags to some degree supporting the Kremlin regime. And each. Each of these people deserves liquidation. Because you are a plague, a contagion that must be burned out. Probably if a cancer cell could speak during therapy, it would say something like this: I just exist. I don’t want to kill you. I’m very sorry that you suffer. I wouldn’t want you to die. Can you negotiate with a cancer cell? Can you expect a cancer cell to pity you? Can you expect cancer to retreat on its own? ... No. The so-called Russian Federation is cancer. The enraged, feral Russian society is cancer. Cancer must be burned out, cut out. Every cell must be destroyed. Because cancer will never retreat on its own. If you disagree with the war, if you don’t support your government — leave the country. Until then, each of you is an implicit accomplice and a terrorist. And there’s no whining. Sorry for the long read, it can’t be shorter here.

Exilenova+

31,086 просмотров • 4 месяцев назад

Some microbes carry a protein, called SNIPE, that "chops up" phage DNA as it's being injected into the cell. This is a new mechanism for phage defense! CRISPR–Cas and restriction enzymes also evolved to fight against phages, but they work by recognizing sequences. SNIPE works, instead, by sensing "touch." SNIPE is a protein with about 500 amino acids. After it's made by the ribosome, it latches onto ManYZ, two proteins which sit on the cell's inner membrane. (ManYZ is an importer; it brings mannose and other sugars into the cell.) Once attached to ManYZ, SNIPE sits and waits for an invading phage. Some phages, including lambda, actually infect cells by pushing their DNA through this ManYZ channel. Lambda uses its "tail" to reach inside the protein channel, basically, and inject its DNA. When this physical touch happens, though, SNIPE is waiting. As soon as the phage DNA starts entering the cell, and passes through ManYZ and SNIPE, it gets immediately destroyed. This means that SNIPE is the first phage defense system discovered, so far, that uses spatial positioning at the injection site to destroy invaders. But there are caveats, of course. If you untether SNIPE from ManYZ, such that it can freely diffuse through the cell, it will chew up the bacterium's genome. It is not a highly discerning nuclease! Also, SNIPE is not found in most bacteria. A prior pangenome study, which sequenced lots of different microbes, found that roughly a third of well-studied bacterial lineages had at least one member with a SNIPE-like protein. (For this paper, they just ported one of those homologs into an E. coli laboratory strain.) And finally, because SNIPE's mechanism is tightly tied to ManYZ, it cannot be used to defend against phages that enter the cell through different routes. T4 phages, for example, inject their DNA straight through the cell membrane and into the cytoplasm, without interacting with ManYZ. This is a nice basic science paper. Applications TBD. (Just remember that scientists figured out that bacteria had a phage defense system, called CRISPR-Cas, many years before it was repurposed into a gene-editing tool.) P.S. The video below shows how cells with the SNIPE gene (middle row) kill invading phages, and thus continue growing and dividing. Empty vector (top row) refers to bacteria carrying a plasmid with no SNIPE gene; this is a control group. And SNIPE E414A refers to cells which received a mutated SNIPE gene, where the glutamate at position 414 has been changed to an alanine, thus destroying the protein's nuclease activity. These cells also die when they get infected with a phage.

Niko McCarty.

20,536 просмотров • 6 месяцев назад

Some of the most serious diseases in women progress for a long time without showing any symptoms. Cervical diseases, in particular, are often completely silent in the early stages. They can develop over years without pain, bleeding, or any noticeable complaints. Therefore, a Pap smear is not just a test, but one of the most powerful tools for early diagnosis. A Pap smear is a screening test that takes a sample of cells from the cervix. The aim is to detect cellular changes before they turn into cancer. Because cervical cancer is not a disease that develops suddenly; it is mostly the result of long-term cellular changes. The most critical point is this: Most patients feel nothing in the early stages. So, the approach of "if there are no symptoms, there is no problem" is not valid for this disease. Thanks to Pap smears: Precancerous lesions can be detected early. Treatment becomes much easier and more effective. Disease progression can be largely prevented. ACOG recommendations: 21–29 years → Pap smear every 3 years 30–65 years → * Pap smear every 3 years * or HPV test every 5 years * or co-test every 5 years (smear + HPV test) After 65 years of age, screening is discontinued in suitable patients. The procedure is short, often painless, and does not affect daily life. Common concerns in society are embarrassment, fear, or procrastination. However, a screening that takes only a few minutes can prevent a serious disease that could last for years.

Op. Dr. Mehmet Bekir Şen

192,329 просмотров • 4 месяцев назад

🚨 Scientists discover wisdom teeth contain stem cells capable of repairing the heart, brain, and bones. Wisdom teeth contain dental pulp, a soft connective tissue threaded with blood vessels and nerves. Inside that pulp lives a dense population of mesenchymal stem cells, a class of undifferentiated cells that researchers classify as among the most therapeutically valuable biological material a human body produces. These are not ordinary cells maintaining routine tissue. They are blueprint cells, capable of receiving chemical signals from damaged environments and reshaping themselves into whatever the body needs most, neurons, cardiomyocytes, osteoblasts, even hepatic cells under the right conditions. The brain operates under a brutal rule: most of its neurons do not regenerate after damage. A stroke, a traumatic injury, a neurodegenerative disease removes cells the brain cannot replace through normal biological processes. Researchers have spent decades attempting to solve this through synthetic means, engineered cell therapies, growth factor injections, gene editing approaches that cost extraordinary resources and produce inconsistent results. What dental pulp stem cells demonstrated in laboratory conditions is that they can migrate toward neural damage sites, integrate with existing tissue architecture, and begin producing neurons and glial support cells. The mechanism involves neurotrophic factor secretion, essentially the cells releasing signaling proteins that stimulate the surrounding neural environment to repair itself from within. Cardiac muscle operates under a similarly unforgiving rule. After a heart attack, the dead muscle tissue becomes fibrotic scar material. The heart compensates by making surviving muscle work harder, a process that gradually leads to enlargement, weakening, and eventual failure. Dental pulp stem cells introduced into cardiac tissue in multiple studies produced measurable reductions in scar formation and demonstrated the ability to differentiate into functional cardiomyocytes, beating in synchrony with native heart cells. Some studies recorded improved ejection fraction in animal models, the core measurement of how effectively the heart pumps blood. Bone regeneration represents the most clinically advanced application already moving toward human trials. Dental pulp stem cells express high levels of osteogenic markers and respond rapidly to bone morphogenetic proteins, the chemical messengers that trigger skeletal repair. Their application in craniofacial reconstruction, spinal fusion, and long bone defect repair is being studied across multiple institutions simultaneously. What separates these cells from other stem cell sources is the combination of accessibility and biological youth. Bone marrow aspiration requires sedation and produces significant post procedure pain. Umbilical cord blood requires planning around birth. Wisdom teeth emerge between 17 and 25, during peak cellular vitality, and come out during a procedure most people already schedule. The extraction window is permanent. Once the teeth are gone and the pulp degrades, that specific population of young, highly potent cells is irretrievable from that individual. Cryogenic preservation protocols now exist that maintain dental pulp stem cell viability for over two decades. Several countries have commercial dental stem cell banks operating with the same institutional model as cord blood banking, long term frozen storage, indexed against future therapeutic need. The science supporting the value of preservation is no longer speculative. What lags behind is public awareness and clinical infrastructure in markets where this remains obscure. The wider pattern is worth recognizing. Medicine has repeatedly discovered that profound biological tools were present in tissues it previously categorized as vestigial, unnecessary, or inconvenient. The appendix was considered evolutionary junk for over a century before researchers identified its role in gut microbiome preservation. Wisdom teeth carried the same dismissal, a developmental relic from ancestors who needed extra molars for coarse diets, relevant only in their capacity to cause orthodontic problems. The pulp inside them was never junk. It was a repair system the body built during youth and stored in one of the most protected anatomical locations, surrounded by enamel, the hardest substance the human body produces. Evolution rarely wastes that kind of architecture.

The Curious Tales

24,267 просмотров • 5 месяцев назад