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India has 132,596 votes in the IMF. Italy has 152,152 votes. Slightly more, fine. But it really pinches when even Italy didn’t support us, despite all the brotherhood and Modiji’s solid dosti with the Italian PM. Modiji even went out of the way to release those two Italian marines...

641,406 просмотров • 1 год назад •via X (Twitter)

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Winston Churchill once said that "we shape our buildings and thereafter they shape us." There is a building in Rome that may be the most literal example of what he meant... It's called the Vittoriano, or the Altar of the Fatherland, and it stands at the foot of the Capitoline Hill, which has been a centre of Roman civic and religious life for more than two and a half thousand years. Italy had been a unified country for only twenty-four years when construction began. Before 1861, the peninsula had been a patchwork of kingdoms, duchies, papal lands and foreign provinces. The new nation was, in the words of the Italian statesman Massimo d'Azeglio, a state without a people: "We have made Italy. All that remains is to make Italians." The country existed on paper but it did not yet exist in the imagination of its citizens. In 1880, the government held a competition for a national monument to Victor Emmanuel II, the first king of the unified country. Five years later, the young architect Giuseppe Sacconi won with a design that proposed nothing less than a new sacred centre for the nation. It was inaugurated on 4 June 1911, on the fiftieth anniversary of Italian unification. It is 135 metres wide and 81 metres tall at the wings of the bronze quadrigas crowning its roof. Every surface is faced in brilliant white Botticino marble. Two enormous chariots of Victory ride along the skyline. In 1921, the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier was installed at the base of the monument, with an eternal flame for the unidentified Italian dead of the First World War. Italian presidents regularly lay wreaths there during major state ceremonies. Locals colloquially call it the "Wedding Cake" or the "Typewriter", and architectural critics dismiss its scale and its unapologetic neoclassicism. The mockery has become part of how Italians know it. But underneath the jokes is a monument built for one of the most consequential moments in modern European history... Italy spent centuries divided between foreign powers and rival kingdoms. The Vittoriano commemorates the long struggle by which it became one nation. It is, in the end, the altar of the country itself. If you enjoyed this, I write a weekly newsletter read by over 50,000 people who love rediscovering the wonders of the past. You can join us here: I write about beauty in all its forms. If you'd like to support my work, a paid subscription is what makes it possible.

James Lucas

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