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Introducing Kailua: A hybrid architecture that gives OP chains 1-hour finality without the higher cost of constant ZK proving.

123,053 görüntüleme • 1 yıl önce •via X (Twitter)

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Chinese aircrafts are competitive, but time will tell about reliability. Since we've been discussing Chinese aviation lately, I want to show how Chinese aircraft are becoming increasingly competitive in a market traditionally dominated by the West and Russia. The J-35 and KF-21 are expected to enter the market only by the end of 2026 or early 2027. However, I have estimated their costs. I dare say that, with the current level of automation in the Chinese defense industry, the prices of these aircraft are likely to decrease even further. The Gripen and Su-35 are competitive, but what attracts most to the Su-35 is the R-37M missile, which has a range of up to 400 km and its radar irbis-E Reaching also 400km. It operationally both reaches 350 km would be already significant advantage without analogous. Western aviation remains expensive, and in my view, it will only become more competitive with the arrival of the AIM-260 missile, which has a range of over 300 km. Additionally, maintenance costs are very high, with the Gripen again standing out in that aspect as a cost-effective option for acquisition and maintenance. Another advantage are the interoperability on multiple terrains. Values are based on recent deals and local estimates. Costs can vary depending on the package. - J-10C: Cost: 40-50M. Radar: AESA KLJ-7A (~150-170 km). Missiles: PL-15 (~200-250 km). Maintenance cost per flight hour: ~$8,000-$9,000. - J-35 (FC-31): Cost: 70-85M. Radar: AESA (~200+ km). Missiles: PL-15 (~200-250 km); PL-21 (>300 km). Maintenance cost per flight hour: $10,000-$15,000. - Rafale: Cost: 80-120M. Radar: RBE2-AA AESA (~200 km). Missiles: Meteor (>150 km). Maintenance cost per flight hour: ~$16,000-$22,000. - Su-30: Cost: 50-86M. Radar: Bars PESA (~150-200 km). Missiles: R-37 (~300 km). Maintenance cost per flight hour: ~$10,000-$12,000. - Su-35: Cost: 80-90M. Radar: Irbis-E PESA (~350-400 km). Missiles: R-37M (~300-400 km). Maintenance cost per flight hour: ~$12,000-15,000. - F-16C/D (Block 70): Cost: 80-120M. Radar: APG-83 SABR AESA (~135-160 km). Missiles: AIM-120D (~160-180 km). Maintenance cost per flight hour: ~$25,000-$44,000. - Eurofighter Typhoon: Cost: 110-117M. Radar: Captor-E AESA (>200 km). Missiles: Meteor (>150 km). Maintenance cost per flight hour: ~$30,000-$45,000. - Gripen E: Cost: 85-120M. Radar: Raven ES-05 AESA (~200-250 km). Missiles: Meteor (>150 km). Maintenance cost per flight hour: ~$6,000-$7,000. - KF-21 Boramae: Cost: 70-110M. Radar: AESA (~150-200 km). Missiles: Meteor (>150 km). Maintenance cost per flight hour: ~$15,000-$20,000. - JF-17 Thunder (Block III): Cost: 40-60M. Radar: AESA KLJ-7A (~170 km). Missiles: PL-15 (~200-250 km). Maintenance cost per flight hour: ~$5,000-$11,000.

Patricia Marins

182,621 görüntüleme • 10 ay önce

ZK Stack is a modular framework for building sovereign ZK-powered hyperchains, based on zkSync Era’s open source code. ➡️ Visit the new ZK Stack resource page: ZK Stack gives builders full sovereignty, ranging from the choice of the data availability mode to using your project's own token to decentralize the sequencer. ✅ Mature and battle-tested ZK Stack is the most battle-tested framework, ensuring all transactions are fully verified by Ethereum with the power of ZK proofs. ZK enables validity proofs to ensure the hyperchains' ecosystem state can't be corrupted and invalid transactions can't exist. ZK Stack has been further strengthened by $5M+ invested in audits, $~30M transactions-per-month and ~250k daily active users. ✅ Tailored to your needs ZK Stack grants you full autonomy to tailor your blockchain to cater to your product or protocol use case. A modular stack of ZK-powered components. ✅ Ready for mainstream adoption No matter how much adoption grows, ZK Stack brings the power of horizontal scalability to Ethereum. Just like adding more servers to address specific needs on the Internet, a boundless amount of hyperchains can be created with minimal costs. ZK tech, combined with our state diffs and data-compression approaches, unlocks: 📌 Flat fees regardless of gas price 📌 Privacy by default 📌 Cheap oracles (or any high-frequency protocol) 📌 Ultra low cost Validium accounts 📌 UX magic with native account abstraction ✅ Seamless access to users and liquidity Hyperchains are seamlessly interconnected with hyperbridges — the native and trustless communication protocol of the ZK Stack. It enables any chain to natively exchange messages and transfer value with any other chain, thus tapping into the users and liquidity of the entire hyperchain ecosystem. Unlike classic, centralized, bridges, hyperbridges rely solely on cryptography for security. ✅ Built today, to last forever ZK Stack is rooted in the long-term vision of Ethereum, aiming for subtraction and decentralization. Abiding by the ZK Credo principles, an alliance of developers and maintainers will guarantee the resources enabling this fully open source framework to evolve to onboard the needs of the next billion users.

ZKsync

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