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Just how capable are open source models? Below is the first in a new series where we go behind the scenes and pull back the curtain on interesting AI research / demos, making them fun and easy to understand. Here, we have a short visual demonstration from aizk ✡️...

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Alexandr Wang, Meta's Chief AI Officer, on why Meta can no longer simply open-source its frontier model: As part of standing up Meta Superintelligence Labs, the team rewrote its internal risk doctrine. "One of the things that we did as part of Meta Superintelligence Labs is we updated our what we call our advanced AI scaling framework which is really our view of what are the risks that we see in developing these very powerful models and how do we want to handle those risks as we see them in early testing." They then ran their frontier model through it, and published what came back. "We published a lot of what we saw in the process of training Muark in our preparedness report and some of the things that we saw is that it actually triggered some high risk areas in the course of early training particularly around biorisk but also a number of the risks were elevated." The trigger came during early training, well before launch or red-teaming. Biorisk was the standout, with several other categories rising alongside it. Alexandr Wang is clear this isn't specific to Meta: "This is something I think the entire industry has seen as the models have improved pretty dramatically over the past year so we certainly aren't the only ones to see a host of these risks show up as we scaled up the models and as we sort of kept pushing the frontier of research." Which brings him to the real fork in the road: the difference between shipping a model inside a product and handing out the weights. "When we launched a model like New Spark in a product, we have a lot of ways to mitigate some of these risks and ensure that we're able to launch it in a safe and responsible way. It's much harder to do that when you open source a model and people can use that model in all sorts of contexts that we may not have full understanding of." A product is a controlled surface. You can filter, monitor, rate-limit, patch and revoke. An open-weights release is a one-way door: once the file is out, the deployment context and the mitigations both stop being yours. So Meta is building something different for release: "So we're in the process right now of developing models that we believe are fit and safe to be open source while still maintaining as much of the performance capabilities as possible."

Big Brain AI

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Small Language Models (SML) are the future of AI. "Small" (SML) instead of "Large" (LLM). These small models are highly specialized models with superhuman abilities on specific tasks. Here are two techniques to build these models: • Spectrum • Model Merging I give you a short introduction in the attached video, but here is a quick summary: Spectrum helps us identify the most relevant layers to solve one specific task. We can ignore everything else and focus on fine-tuning these layers. Using Spectrum, we can fine-tune models in a heartbeat. Model Merging combines multiple models into a unique, much better model than any of the individual input models. You can also combine models specialized in different tasks and get a model with multiple abilities. This is the state of the art of productizing models. It's what Arcee.ai's platform does behind the scenes. Arcee collaborated with me on this post and is sponsoring it. There are three main steps to produce a model for your particular use case: 1. You create a dataset by uploading your data. 2. You train a model. At this step, Arcee uses Spectrum and Model Merging to produce a highly specialized model for your task. 3. You can deploy that model to any environment you want. Three important notes: • Training process is 2x faster and 2x cheaper than regular fine-tuning. • Resultant models are smaller and have higher accuracy. • They create these specialized models from open-source models. Check this site so you can fully appreciate how this works: If you want to fine-tune an open-source model, consider Arcee's platform. This is the state of the art.

Santiago

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Baseten Head of AI Model Training Charlie O'Neill says the future is many specialized LLMs dedicated to specific tasks, with bigger labs deployed on the frontiers of areas like science and math: "People are thinking about intelligence capabilities in the wrong way. People are thinking about intelligence relativistically. They say, 'OK, the open-source gap is like 6 months behind closed-source, and GLM 5.3 is as good as Opus 4.8,' or whatever." "The best way to think about what models can do for you, and for the world, is in an absolute sense." "So for any given task that you want to do with an LLM, there's some intelligence threshold where below that you can't do the task, and above that you have very diminishing returns to more intelligence on the task." "So when you think about it that way, the game of LLMs over the last 5 years has been, 'OK, we have these things we want to do with them. Closed source hits it first... but open-source can eventually do that task. And then for many reasons, once you have the base level of intelligence required to do it, you probably do want to swap to open-source." "It's not really about the [frontier lab] God model being better. Like, if I'm filing a tax return, there is a limit to how much intelligence I need to do that particular thing." "So I think the world is going to look like — frontier closed-source labs are going to continue to push the frontier. You do want to use the most intelligent model. You have very inelastic demand for intelligence when you're doing frontier science or frontier math." "But for a lot of the economically valuable things, it looks a lot like, 'I'm a Cursor, or I'm one of these big companies who are realizing I can't just be a wrapper anymore. I've been through the life cycle of building a product that people love. And I should be using that information to make my model better at the things that I care about, and not at anything else.'"

TBPN

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