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Nick Lane has a theory about the evolution of life which explains *why* life is the way that it is - all the contingent mechanisms you’re just supposed to take as givens in biology class. He thinks early life was continuous with the spontaneous chemistry of deepsea hydrothermal vents....

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Dwarkesh Patel

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124,712 просмотров • 10 месяцев назад •via X (Twitter)

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There are hundreds of millions or billions of Earth-like planets in the Milky Way. But we don't see hundreds of millions of alien civilisations. This suggests there's a bottleneck to the emergence of spacefaring civilisations. A common view is that the bottleneck is the emergence of life itself. But Nick Lane believes that life is actually nearly inevitable on any Earth-like planet. The real bottleneck, he says, is endosymbiosis. He argues that something like mitochondria are necessary for complex multicellular organisms. But to develop mitochondria, one simple cell needs to fully engulf another cell, and the two need to stay linked together even as they reproduce. Modelling shows that evolution will usually discourage this kind of endosymbiosis. And complex cells like ours have only developed once in the history of life on Earth. If Nick's right, simple life is probably abundant across the galaxy, but complex life might only exist on earth.
3:42

There are hundreds of millions or billions of Earth-like planets in the Milky Way. But we don't see hundreds of millions of alien civilisations. This suggests there's a bottleneck to the emergence of spacefaring civilisations. A common view is that the bottleneck is the emergence of life itself. But Nick Lane believes that life is actually nearly inevitable on any Earth-like planet. The real bottleneck, he says, is endosymbiosis. He argues that something like mitochondria are necessary for complex multicellular organisms. But to develop mitochondria, one simple cell needs to fully engulf another cell, and the two need to stay linked together even as they reproduce. Modelling shows that evolution will usually discourage this kind of endosymbiosis. And complex cells like ours have only developed once in the history of life on Earth. If Nick's right, simple life is probably abundant across the galaxy, but complex life might only exist on earth.

Dwarkesh Patel

49,619 просмотров • 2 месяцев назад

Nick Lane thinks that half of the 20 billion Earth-like planets in the Milky Way will spontaneously generate early organics like nucleotides and amino acids. Because the chemistry which leads to their formation is so favored. But then where are all the aliens? The bottleneck to complex life, in his view, are eukaryotes. All the complex life you see around you is made of eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are typically 1000x bigger in volume and genome size. The key advantage eukaryotes have is that the mitochondrial genome is distinct from the nuclear genome. Respiration requires the relevant genes to be right there on site. For bacteria, respiration happens on the cell surface. If a bacterial cell were to expand, it would need to copy its entire genome across the entire membrane many, many times over. If a eukaryotic cell wants to get bigger, it just needs more mitochondria, which means it only needs to copy the mitochondrial genome (much much smaller than the full nuclear genome). I found it a bit hard to believe that over the hundreds of millions of planets in the Milky Way which apparently have early life, none of them found a way to scale respiration. There’s no other way to get a shorter sequence of genes close to the site of respiration? You have to have this super-duper rare endosymbiotic event? Pushed him about this. Full interview out tomorrow!
2:34

Nick Lane thinks that half of the 20 billion Earth-like planets in the Milky Way will spontaneously generate early organics like nucleotides and amino acids. Because the chemistry which leads to their formation is so favored. But then where are all the aliens? The bottleneck to complex life, in his view, are eukaryotes. All the complex life you see around you is made of eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are typically 1000x bigger in volume and genome size. The key advantage eukaryotes have is that the mitochondrial genome is distinct from the nuclear genome. Respiration requires the relevant genes to be right there on site. For bacteria, respiration happens on the cell surface. If a bacterial cell were to expand, it would need to copy its entire genome across the entire membrane many, many times over. If a eukaryotic cell wants to get bigger, it just needs more mitochondria, which means it only needs to copy the mitochondrial genome (much much smaller than the full nuclear genome). I found it a bit hard to believe that over the hundreds of millions of planets in the Milky Way which apparently have early life, none of them found a way to scale respiration. There’s no other way to get a shorter sequence of genes close to the site of respiration? You have to have this super-duper rare endosymbiotic event? Pushed him about this. Full interview out tomorrow!

Dwarkesh Patel

209,687 просмотров • 10 месяцев назад

🇺🇸 ELON: THE WHY OF STARSHIP IS TO BE A MULTI-PLANET SPECIES "Yeah, so the why, it is always important to explain the why of things, and the why of Starship is that we want to be a multi-planet species to extend consciousness beyond Earth. I think for two main reasons. One is to ensure the long-term survival and prosperity of life and consciousness. If we are a multi-planet species and ultimately a multi-stellar species out there among the stars, the probability of survival is much longer. That is the defensive aspect, or life insurance for life collectively. But there also need to be things that are inspiring and exciting, that give you reason to live.” Source: SpaceX
1:03

🇺🇸 ELON: THE WHY OF STARSHIP IS TO BE A MULTI-PLANET SPECIES "Yeah, so the why, it is always important to explain the why of things, and the why of Starship is that we want to be a multi-planet species to extend consciousness beyond Earth. I think for two main reasons. One is to ensure the long-term survival and prosperity of life and consciousness. If we are a multi-planet species and ultimately a multi-stellar species out there among the stars, the probability of survival is much longer. That is the defensive aspect, or life insurance for life collectively. But there also need to be things that are inspiring and exciting, that give you reason to live.” Source: SpaceX

Mario Nawfal

106,525 просмотров • 11 месяцев назад

Happy #WorldOceansDay, everyone! Today is the day for us to celebrate and honor our oceans. 🌊🐋 Did you know that the ocean covers 71% of the Earth’s surface? It also holds about 96.5% of all Earth's water — that's a volume of 320 million cubic miles! Living in all of this ocean is an unknown number of eukaryotic species, but some studies estimate that a quarter of all eukaryotic life on Earth lives in the ocean. That would imply that there are ∼2.2 million eukaryotic marine species! (All animals, plants, fungi, and many unicellular organisms are eukaryotes) Information provided by Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program / USGS research
1:36

Happy #WorldOceansDay, everyone! Today is the day for us to celebrate and honor our oceans. 🌊🐋 Did you know that the ocean covers 71% of the Earth’s surface? It also holds about 96.5% of all Earth's water — that's a volume of 320 million cubic miles! Living in all of this ocean is an unknown number of eukaryotic species, but some studies estimate that a quarter of all eukaryotic life on Earth lives in the ocean. That would imply that there are ∼2.2 million eukaryotic marine species! (All animals, plants, fungi, and many unicellular organisms are eukaryotes) Information provided by Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program / USGS research

Discovery

57,492 просмотров • 3 лет назад

ELON: IF WE EXPAND CONSCIOUSNESS, MAYBE WE CAN FIND THE MEANING OF LIFE “I did have this existential crisis when I was around twelve about what's the meaning of life. Isn't it all pointless? Why not just commit suicide? My motivation then was that my life is finite, really a flash in the pan on a galactic timescale. If we can expand the scope and scale of consciousness, then we are better able to figure out what questions to ask about the answer that is the universe, and maybe we can find out the meaning of life or even what the right question to ask is. Where did we come from? Where are we going? Where are the aliens? Are there aliens? Is there new physics to discover?” Source: New York Times DealBook Summit, November 2023
0:43

ELON: IF WE EXPAND CONSCIOUSNESS, MAYBE WE CAN FIND THE MEANING OF LIFE “I did have this existential crisis when I was around twelve about what's the meaning of life. Isn't it all pointless? Why not just commit suicide? My motivation then was that my life is finite, really a flash in the pan on a galactic timescale. If we can expand the scope and scale of consciousness, then we are better able to figure out what questions to ask about the answer that is the universe, and maybe we can find out the meaning of life or even what the right question to ask is. Where did we come from? Where are we going? Where are the aliens? Are there aliens? Is there new physics to discover?” Source: New York Times DealBook Summit, November 2023

Mario Nawfal

73,785 просмотров • 1 год назад

"So you're telling me that the burning ball of energy in the sky... that is the source of all life on Earth, is somehow bad for us?" "How dumb do you think that we are?" "And also, if we need to block the Sun, why are they also simultaneously building solar panel farms to harness the Sun for free energy? "Make it all make sense, please."
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"So you're telling me that the burning ball of energy in the sky... that is the source of all life on Earth, is somehow bad for us?" "How dumb do you think that we are?" "And also, if we need to block the Sun, why are they also simultaneously building solar panel farms to harness the Sun for free energy? "Make it all make sense, please."

Red Pill Dispenser

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Mike Majlak explains why comparing yourself to others is ruining your life “When you are constantly comparing yourself to people who are doing great in that exact moment, you’re going to get into that victim mindset. You’re going to think to yourself, ‘Why? I am trying my best. Why is it not working?’ But you don’t see their zoomed out life” “One of the most important things is patience and calculated risk, knowing that sometimes you just have to zoom out and really appreciate the things that are going right in your life”
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Mike Majlak explains why comparing yourself to others is ruining your life “When you are constantly comparing yourself to people who are doing great in that exact moment, you’re going to get into that victim mindset. You’re going to think to yourself, ‘Why? I am trying my best. Why is it not working?’ But you don’t see their zoomed out life” “One of the most important things is patience and calculated risk, knowing that sometimes you just have to zoom out and really appreciate the things that are going right in your life”

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Why did Michael J. Fox say yes to turning his life into a new documentary? "All the things that happened in my life are so weird...but nothing is too far fetched." #Sundance | Variety Studio presented by Audible
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Why did Michael J. Fox say yes to turning his life into a new documentary? "All the things that happened in my life are so weird...but nothing is too far fetched." #Sundance | Variety Studio presented by Audible

Variety

89,885 просмотров • 3 лет назад

There are huge implications to the self-evident truths proclaimed in the Declaration. Here’s a simple way to use the second paragraph of our nation’s birth certificate to explain why EVERY life is precious—and why that idea made us the greatest nation in history.
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There are huge implications to the self-evident truths proclaimed in the Declaration. Here’s a simple way to use the second paragraph of our nation’s birth certificate to explain why EVERY life is precious—and why that idea made us the greatest nation in history.

Speaker Mike Johnson

51,137 просмотров • 2 месяцев назад

Losing is good, failing in the micro is the normal … why are we all so scared of adversity ?????… why are we so hard on ourselves ????? …. How many more times do you need to see videos like this from me ????? … if you’re finally ready to live “real life” leave a comment in the comments section that says … It’s time !!!!!
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Losing is good, failing in the micro is the normal … why are we all so scared of adversity ?????… why are we so hard on ourselves ????? …. How many more times do you need to see videos like this from me ????? … if you’re finally ready to live “real life” leave a comment in the comments section that says … It’s time !!!!!

Gary Vaynerchuk

19,351 просмотров • 6 месяцев назад

Tucker Carlson reveals Charlie Kirk’s greatest “sin” — the one that cost him his life. Kirk’s death has clearly lit a fire under Carlson. This is two minutes of Tucker at his absolute best. “Charlie was not a Nazi. He was not killed because he was a Nazi. Yes, he was a defender of Israel. He didn’t die for Israel. However, why did he die? What was his life about? What was the sin, the core sin that Charlie Kirk committed against somebody, power that got him killed in the end? “And, the answer is right in front of us, certainly those of us who knew him. Charlie’s life was defined by his Christian faith, not his spirituality, but his belief in Jesus, his life as a Christian. Everything in his life flowed from those beliefs. Everything. “Everything he did, said and believed came from the fact that he was above all, a Christian. And that is and was and in fact has always been deeply provocative and offensive to the rest of the world. “And why is that? It’s worth thinking about it for just a second. Christianity doesn’t seem like the kind of religion that provoke people to anger and violence. In fact, it seems just the opposite. It’s the world’s most profoundly nonviolent religion. Maybe the world’s only truly nonviolent religion, a religion based on a man who Christians believe was also God, who, as he was being led away to be tortured to death on made up charges, scolded one of his disciples for fighting back. “This is a religion committed to love above all and to living in peace and harmony. Truly, it’s a universalist religion that believes that every person has a shot at heaven. It’s not exclusionary at all. And so you would think it would make sense that if you’re a government or if you’re in power, that you’d want a lot of Christians living in your country because they’re not going to cause massive problems. “Not a lot of sincere Christians are fomenting insurrection at any given moment. Pretty much none. Most of the time they’re tidy. They get married, they love their children, they pay their taxes. They’re commanded to pay their taxes. So why wouldn’t you want a nation full of Christians? “Why wouldn’t you encourage this religious belief, even if it wasn’t yours? Why would you hate it? Well, there are a couple of reasons. There are a couple of things about Christianity, and these were evident throughout Charlie’s public life, that are deeply provocative to the people in power. “And the first is the insistence that Christianity comes with inherently that you are not God, you are not God and neither are your leaders. God is God and all of us stand before him in the end to be judged and all of us will be found lacking. “Christians believe the only way to heaven is through Jesus. That’s the only way. But all of us, whether we believe in Jesus or not, are fallen. We are sinners, we are less than we ought to be. We are not gods, and neither are the people who lead us.”
2:40

Tucker Carlson reveals Charlie Kirk’s greatest “sin” — the one that cost him his life. Kirk’s death has clearly lit a fire under Carlson. This is two minutes of Tucker at his absolute best. “Charlie was not a Nazi. He was not killed because he was a Nazi. Yes, he was a defender of Israel. He didn’t die for Israel. However, why did he die? What was his life about? What was the sin, the core sin that Charlie Kirk committed against somebody, power that got him killed in the end? “And, the answer is right in front of us, certainly those of us who knew him. Charlie’s life was defined by his Christian faith, not his spirituality, but his belief in Jesus, his life as a Christian. Everything in his life flowed from those beliefs. Everything. “Everything he did, said and believed came from the fact that he was above all, a Christian. And that is and was and in fact has always been deeply provocative and offensive to the rest of the world. “And why is that? It’s worth thinking about it for just a second. Christianity doesn’t seem like the kind of religion that provoke people to anger and violence. In fact, it seems just the opposite. It’s the world’s most profoundly nonviolent religion. Maybe the world’s only truly nonviolent religion, a religion based on a man who Christians believe was also God, who, as he was being led away to be tortured to death on made up charges, scolded one of his disciples for fighting back. “This is a religion committed to love above all and to living in peace and harmony. Truly, it’s a universalist religion that believes that every person has a shot at heaven. It’s not exclusionary at all. And so you would think it would make sense that if you’re a government or if you’re in power, that you’d want a lot of Christians living in your country because they’re not going to cause massive problems. “Not a lot of sincere Christians are fomenting insurrection at any given moment. Pretty much none. Most of the time they’re tidy. They get married, they love their children, they pay their taxes. They’re commanded to pay their taxes. So why wouldn’t you want a nation full of Christians? “Why wouldn’t you encourage this religious belief, even if it wasn’t yours? Why would you hate it? Well, there are a couple of reasons. There are a couple of things about Christianity, and these were evident throughout Charlie’s public life, that are deeply provocative to the people in power. “And the first is the insistence that Christianity comes with inherently that you are not God, you are not God and neither are your leaders. God is God and all of us stand before him in the end to be judged and all of us will be found lacking. “Christians believe the only way to heaven is through Jesus. That’s the only way. But all of us, whether we believe in Jesus or not, are fallen. We are sinners, we are less than we ought to be. We are not gods, and neither are the people who lead us.”

The Vigilant Fox 🦊

941,852 просмотров • 11 месяцев назад

Right, so can someone, anyone, please explain this to me? - No injuries on the baby whatsoever. Just blood on the outside of the nappy. - Why is the driver attempting to do CPR, and incorrectly, rather than the medic in the passenger seat who instead has decided to film it all? Is it about saving a life or using the life for PR? - Why is the baby not in the back seat with the medic doing CPR? There is not one part of this insane video that makes sense. GAZAWOOD - the PALLYWOOD saga what am I missing here?
0:54

Right, so can someone, anyone, please explain this to me? - No injuries on the baby whatsoever. Just blood on the outside of the nappy. - Why is the driver attempting to do CPR, and incorrectly, rather than the medic in the passenger seat who instead has decided to film it all? Is it about saving a life or using the life for PR? - Why is the baby not in the back seat with the medic doing CPR? There is not one part of this insane video that makes sense. GAZAWOOD - the PALLYWOOD saga what am I missing here?

Cheryl E 🇮🇱🎗️

132,461 просмотров • 1 год назад

Why do we March for Life? Because we hold these truths to be self-evident: that all of us are created equal; that we are endowed by our Creator with certain unalienable rights; and that the first among them is the right to life. As the product of an unplanned teen pregnancy, I have always been profoundly grateful that my young parents understood those principles. What an encouragement it is to see millions of Americans today standing together for the sanctity of human life.
1:06

Why do we March for Life? Because we hold these truths to be self-evident: that all of us are created equal; that we are endowed by our Creator with certain unalienable rights; and that the first among them is the right to life. As the product of an unplanned teen pregnancy, I have always been profoundly grateful that my young parents understood those principles. What an encouragement it is to see millions of Americans today standing together for the sanctity of human life.

Speaker Mike Johnson

57,119 просмотров • 6 месяцев назад

Wait, does that say NASA in the corner?? Why yes-- yes it does. The receipts are there. All you have to do is go prove it to yourself. Once you figure it out your life immediately changes for the better. ✝️ 🙏
2:41

Wait, does that say NASA in the corner?? Why yes-- yes it does. The receipts are there. All you have to do is go prove it to yourself. Once you figure it out your life immediately changes for the better. ✝️ 🙏

DeepWebSlinger

211,929 просмотров • 7 месяцев назад

“There are only two religions on earth” Interesting take.. In both scenarios the true essence of ascending from oneself or one’s life is through the process of becoming closer to that which is greater than self. Either by mirroring God through your life or by removing the ego in the present moment to shift your consciousness in such a way that you share the same space with the Creator. In both of these scenarios there starts with the belief or faith that there is a something greater than “I” or self. It is a way of being, a path taken. It is not “religion” or “books” that save us, these are only guides or guardrails. But it is within our own being the ability to ascend, or create that relationship. Not through good deeds and donating to charity or receipting every Bible verse, but an internal alignment of values, a perspective that seeks Truth, Life and wholeness in ALL things, not for profit or personal gain but because it IS the way of the universe. Humans have free will, the ability to choose, and it is this choice that gives us the power, the power to change or stay the same. It all starts within.
1:08

“There are only two religions on earth” Interesting take.. In both scenarios the true essence of ascending from oneself or one’s life is through the process of becoming closer to that which is greater than self. Either by mirroring God through your life or by removing the ego in the present moment to shift your consciousness in such a way that you share the same space with the Creator. In both of these scenarios there starts with the belief or faith that there is a something greater than “I” or self. It is a way of being, a path taken. It is not “religion” or “books” that save us, these are only guides or guardrails. But it is within our own being the ability to ascend, or create that relationship. Not through good deeds and donating to charity or receipting every Bible verse, but an internal alignment of values, a perspective that seeks Truth, Life and wholeness in ALL things, not for profit or personal gain but because it IS the way of the universe. Humans have free will, the ability to choose, and it is this choice that gives us the power, the power to change or stay the same. It all starts within.

Drewski

13,024 просмотров • 7 месяцев назад

Tyrann Mathieu explains why sports mirror life so closely 🏈 “The reason we love sports so much is because it relates to life so well. Every day is not a great day for us… so much of life is like these little tests, these strange pulls, and you being able to handle that sh*t.”
1:13

Tyrann Mathieu explains why sports mirror life so closely 🏈 “The reason we love sports so much is because it relates to life so well. Every day is not a great day for us… so much of life is like these little tests, these strange pulls, and you being able to handle that sh*t.”

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13,701 просмотров • 4 месяцев назад

ELON MUSK EXPLAINS THE REAL PURPOSE OF SPACEX "SpaceX is about advancing rocket technology to the point where we can extend life and consciousness beyond Earth to the moon, to Mars, eventually to other star systems And I think we should always view consciousness, life as we know it, as precarious and delicate, because to the best of our knowledge, we don't know of life anywhere else We have 9,000 satellites up there and not once have we had to maneuver around an alien spaceship So the bottom line is, I think we need to assume that life and consciousness is extremely rare and it might only be us. And if that's the case, then we need to do everything possible to ensure that the light of consciousness is not extinguished The image in my mind is of a tiny candle in a vast darkness. A tiny candle of consciousness that could easily go out And that's why it's important to make life multi-planetary, such that if there is a natural disaster or a man-made disaster on Earth, that consciousness continues That's the purpose of SpaceX"
1:24

ELON MUSK EXPLAINS THE REAL PURPOSE OF SPACEX "SpaceX is about advancing rocket technology to the point where we can extend life and consciousness beyond Earth to the moon, to Mars, eventually to other star systems And I think we should always view consciousness, life as we know it, as precarious and delicate, because to the best of our knowledge, we don't know of life anywhere else We have 9,000 satellites up there and not once have we had to maneuver around an alien spaceship So the bottom line is, I think we need to assume that life and consciousness is extremely rare and it might only be us. And if that's the case, then we need to do everything possible to ensure that the light of consciousness is not extinguished The image in my mind is of a tiny candle in a vast darkness. A tiny candle of consciousness that could easily go out And that's why it's important to make life multi-planetary, such that if there is a natural disaster or a man-made disaster on Earth, that consciousness continues That's the purpose of SpaceX"

X Freeze

2,148,445 просмотров • 6 месяцев назад