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Reports that #Angola has withdrawn from the inter-Congolese dialogue, citing Kinshasa’s refusal to honor its commitments. If confirmed, Angola would become the second mediator in the #DRC crisis, after Ruto’s #Kenya, to openly state that Kinshasa is to blame for the continuation of the war. Kinshasa rejected dialogue with...

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Mwene Rugwe 🇧🇮

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19,541 просмотров • 23 дней назад •via X (Twitter)

#Angola#DRC#Kenya
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The reckless alliance between the Kinshasa regime and the genocidal government of Burundi can never foster peace. No matter how much effort is made to pursue dialogue with kinshasa by M23, their sole interest remains in fueling bloodshed. And when they continue to drive the region toward war, who will they blame?
2:25

The reckless alliance between the Kinshasa regime and the genocidal government of Burundi can never foster peace. No matter how much effort is made to pursue dialogue with kinshasa by M23, their sole interest remains in fueling bloodshed. And when they continue to drive the region toward war, who will they blame?

Manzi Willy

68,887 просмотров • 11 месяцев назад

Speaking to Al Mayadeen, Professor Mohammad Marandi argued that Iran's decision to shut the Strait of Hormuz has placed US President Donald Trump before a defining choice. "Is he going to choose the United States? Or is he going to choose the Israeli regime?" Marandi asked, arguing that Trump now has "no third choice" between protecting the US economy or forcing "Israel" to halt its aggression and ceasefire violations in Lebanon. He said Iran briefly reopened the Strait to demonstrate that it sought an end to the war and expected the US to honor its commitments, but after "they didn't act," Tehran closed it again. Marandi stressed that Iran "is dead serious," insisting it will not compromise until the Israeli occupation ends its war, withdraws from Lebanon, and fully implements the agreement, warning that "Iran has even implied that if this is not enough; they are willing to go further... It will strike 'Israel'." Seyed Mohammad Marandi #Iran #WarOnIran #UnitedStates #Lebanon #AlMayadeen
3:00

Speaking to Al Mayadeen, Professor Mohammad Marandi argued that Iran's decision to shut the Strait of Hormuz has placed US President Donald Trump before a defining choice. "Is he going to choose the United States? Or is he going to choose the Israeli regime?" Marandi asked, arguing that Trump now has "no third choice" between protecting the US economy or forcing "Israel" to halt its aggression and ceasefire violations in Lebanon. He said Iran briefly reopened the Strait to demonstrate that it sought an end to the war and expected the US to honor its commitments, but after "they didn't act," Tehran closed it again. Marandi stressed that Iran "is dead serious," insisting it will not compromise until the Israeli occupation ends its war, withdraws from Lebanon, and fully implements the agreement, warning that "Iran has even implied that if this is not enough; they are willing to go further... It will strike 'Israel'." Seyed Mohammad Marandi #Iran #WarOnIran #UnitedStates #Lebanon #AlMayadeen

Al Mayadeen English

15,244 просмотров • 9 дней назад

The US Administration has been extremely generous over many years, and it is within its rights to decide what it supports, and to what extent. But the abrupt cuts in funding from the US are putting at risk decades of progress in various health programmes across the world. We ask the US to engage in dialogue with affected countries so plans can be made to transition to more sustainable solutions, without disruptions that cost lives. We call on other donors and the countries that have relied on US financing to step up -- to the extent they can.
2:39

The US Administration has been extremely generous over many years, and it is within its rights to decide what it supports, and to what extent. But the abrupt cuts in funding from the US are putting at risk decades of progress in various health programmes across the world. We ask the US to engage in dialogue with affected countries so plans can be made to transition to more sustainable solutions, without disruptions that cost lives. We call on other donors and the countries that have relied on US financing to step up -- to the extent they can.

Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus

88,226 просмотров • 1 год назад

Calling for dialogue with a genocidal government that has jailed its own Minister of Peace and guns down opposition figures in broad daylight is peak gaslighting. A government at war with its own peace minister isn’t a government ready for dialogue with any armed group. And the U.S. government’s decades old policy of sidelining Amhara interest is at the root cause of the current #WarOnAmhara so stop blaming Fanos for the lack of dialogue and do some self reflection on your misguided policies on #Ethiopia.
3:59

Calling for dialogue with a genocidal government that has jailed its own Minister of Peace and guns down opposition figures in broad daylight is peak gaslighting. A government at war with its own peace minister isn’t a government ready for dialogue with any armed group. And the U.S. government’s decades old policy of sidelining Amhara interest is at the root cause of the current #WarOnAmhara so stop blaming Fanos for the lack of dialogue and do some self reflection on your misguided policies on #Ethiopia.

ነብዩ

68,691 просмотров • 2 лет назад

#Goma, has naturally become part of this conversation because it symbolizes the depth of the crisis we are facing. I am convinced that the Democratic Republic of Congo has reached a pivotal moment one that resembles the Sun City era. Dialogue is the only viable path forward. We must all become agents of peace. President Kabila was clear and constructive in his proposals. Religious leaders have made commendable efforts to bring Congolese together around a common vision for peace and national reconciliation. Unfortunately, the regime in Kinshasa appears more preoccupied with holding onto power even beyond constitutional limits than with building lasting peace. It is time to return to the rule of law, to put an end to dictatorship, and to decisively combat corruption. Only then can we hope to rebuild a nation that serves its people.
9:27

#Goma, has naturally become part of this conversation because it symbolizes the depth of the crisis we are facing. I am convinced that the Democratic Republic of Congo has reached a pivotal moment one that resembles the Sun City era. Dialogue is the only viable path forward. We must all become agents of peace. President Kabila was clear and constructive in his proposals. Religious leaders have made commendable efforts to bring Congolese together around a common vision for peace and national reconciliation. Unfortunately, the regime in Kinshasa appears more preoccupied with holding onto power even beyond constitutional limits than with building lasting peace. It is time to return to the rule of law, to put an end to dictatorship, and to decisively combat corruption. Only then can we hope to rebuild a nation that serves its people.

Amb.Francine MUYUMBA NKANGA 🇨🇩

21,421 просмотров • 1 год назад

Spanish PM Pedro Sanchez has responded to reports that the US may suspend Spain from NATO over its opposition to the US-Israel war on Iran, saying Spain has upheld its NATO obligations and that the conflict is illegal.
1:07

Spanish PM Pedro Sanchez has responded to reports that the US may suspend Spain from NATO over its opposition to the US-Israel war on Iran, saying Spain has upheld its NATO obligations and that the conflict is illegal.

Al Jazeera English

96,629 просмотров • 2 месяцев назад

“Anti-semitism means the hatred of Jews as Jews for what they believe. Judaism is a religion. Zionism is a political movement that is now the dominant political movement of the state of Israel—with its military, its nuclear arsenal, and its continuing genocide in Gaza.” —Phyllis Bennis, fellow at the Institute for Policy Studies and advisor to Jewish Voice for Peace. “It has nothing to do with anti-semitism. As criminal, as unjustified as it is—it has nothing to do with anti-semitism.” —Gideon Levy, journalist at Haaretz.
5:22

“Anti-semitism means the hatred of Jews as Jews for what they believe. Judaism is a religion. Zionism is a political movement that is now the dominant political movement of the state of Israel—with its military, its nuclear arsenal, and its continuing genocide in Gaza.” —Phyllis Bennis, fellow at the Institute for Policy Studies and advisor to Jewish Voice for Peace. “It has nothing to do with anti-semitism. As criminal, as unjustified as it is—it has nothing to do with anti-semitism.” —Gideon Levy, journalist at Haaretz.

Drop Site

58,042 просмотров • 1 год назад

Kinshasa regime vs M23/AFC: Few hours after DRC Deputy Willy #Mishiki, commander of government Wazalendo genocidal militiamen claimed that the militias will immediately retake the city of #Uvira and take war to Kigali by January 1, 2026, which is in 18 days. Kinshasa military coalition launched offensive attack on Uvira from Makobola where they had retreated . A reminder that Washington accords put forwards neutralization of FDLR, and these militias as priority but Kinshasa cannot touch them, for they are the backbone of its army. This is serious!
1:27

Kinshasa regime vs M23/AFC: Few hours after DRC Deputy Willy #Mishiki, commander of government Wazalendo genocidal militiamen claimed that the militias will immediately retake the city of #Uvira and take war to Kigali by January 1, 2026, which is in 18 days. Kinshasa military coalition launched offensive attack on Uvira from Makobola where they had retreated . A reminder that Washington accords put forwards neutralization of FDLR, and these militias as priority but Kinshasa cannot touch them, for they are the backbone of its army. This is serious!

Les Misérables

11,239 просмотров • 6 месяцев назад

Minister Thérèse Kayikwamba Wagner's attempts to minimize FDLR support as merely "random individuals" is a denial of DRC responsibility that contradicts her government’s own binding commitments. The DRC Governement officially acknowledged its obligation by signing the Washington Accord, on 27 June 2025 which explicitly requires the DRC to STOP ITS SUPPORT TO FDLR and implement a CONOPS for their neutralization. Claiming now that such support comes only from “random individuals in the army” is an attempt to rewrite a binding Governement obligation. This contradiction reflects a familiar pattern of inconsistency and double-speak that has long undermined Kinshasa’s credibility. Kayikwamba is arguing against a diplomatic commitment her own government already made. Once again, her denial inadvertently reinforces the necessity of Rwanda’s defensive measures along its borders and the blatant inconsistency and sabotaging signed Accord confirms that the DRC State cannot be trusted.
1:05

Minister Thérèse Kayikwamba Wagner's attempts to minimize FDLR support as merely "random individuals" is a denial of DRC responsibility that contradicts her government’s own binding commitments. The DRC Governement officially acknowledged its obligation by signing the Washington Accord, on 27 June 2025 which explicitly requires the DRC to STOP ITS SUPPORT TO FDLR and implement a CONOPS for their neutralization. Claiming now that such support comes only from “random individuals in the army” is an attempt to rewrite a binding Governement obligation. This contradiction reflects a familiar pattern of inconsistency and double-speak that has long undermined Kinshasa’s credibility. Kayikwamba is arguing against a diplomatic commitment her own government already made. Once again, her denial inadvertently reinforces the necessity of Rwanda’s defensive measures along its borders and the blatant inconsistency and sabotaging signed Accord confirms that the DRC State cannot be trusted.

Tuyishime J. de Dieu 🇷🇼

19,556 просмотров • 7 месяцев назад

#TRANSCRIBED The U.S. warned that it is going to use “tools at its disposal” to hold Rwanda accountable, a "spoilers to peace”, referring to both Rwanda and M23. READ THE FULL TRANSCRIPT OF THE UNITED STATES' DURING TODAY'S UN SECURITY COUNCIL MEETING The United States is profoundly concerned and deeply disappointed by the renewed outbreak of violence in Eastern DRC. Today, I want to share additional information on the scale and sophistication of Rwanda’s involvement in the region. Since its re-emergence in 2021, Rwanda has maintained strategic control over its proxy armed group, M23, as well as M23’s political wing, the Congo River Alliance, also known as the AFC. Rwanda has deployed M23 and the AFC to further its geopolitical ambitions in Eastern DRC. Kigali has been directly involved in planning and executing the war, providing both military and political direction to M23 and the AFC. For years, the Rwandan Defence Forces (RDF) have supplied material, logistical, and training support to M23, and have fought alongside them in the DRC with approximately 5,000 to 7,000 troops as of early December — not accounting for any additional deployments during the recent escalation. In recent months, Rwanda has deployed multiple surface-to-air missile systems and other heavy, sophisticated weaponry into North and South Kivu to support M23 in its ongoing conflict with the DRC. Just this past weekend, M23 and Rwandan forces launched an offensive to seize Uvira, with RDF forces co-located on the frontlines with M23 fighters. We also have credible reports of increased use of suicide drones and artillery by both M23 and Rwanda, including artillery strikes into Burundi. Rather than a march toward peace — as seen in recent weeks under the leadership of President Trump through the Washington Accords — Rwanda is instead dragging the region back into greater instability and war. In light of the commitments made in Washington, we are deeply concerned about the continued presence of Rwandan military forces on Congolese soil in support of M23. The United States will use every tool at our disposal to hold accountable the spoilers of peace. We call on Rwanda to uphold its commitments and to fully recognize the Democratic Republic of Congo’s sovereign right to defend its territory, including the right to invite Burundian forces onto its land in response to aggression. We are engaging with all parties to urge restraint and to prevent further escalation — including calling for an end to hostile and ethnically charged anti-Tutsi rhetoric. As this Council continues to negotiate the renewal of the MONUSCO mandate, the United States will seek to ensure that the mission is empowered to support both the Doha and Washington agreements. While the parties themselves bear full responsibility for implementing these agreements, MONUSCO must have the freedom and capability to operate — including unimpeded mobility and logistical support. It is a sad hypocrisy that UN peacekeepers are under siege from forces backed by a UN member state — a state which also contributes troops to peacekeeping missions. The months-long M23 blockade on MONUSCO has severely impaired its ability to operate in and around Goma, as many have highlighted today. Furthermore, Rwanda continues to deploy surface-to-air missiles and conducts spoofing and jamming operations, effectively grounding MONUSCO’s air assets. Under such conditions, how can MONUSCO succeed? We demand the immediate cessation of these obstructions, which violate Rwanda’s and M23’s obligations under the Doha and Washington Agreements. The United States remains firm in its support for MONUSCO and its critical role in realizing these historic agreements, which we believe hold the potential to finally end decades of suffering in Eastern DRC.
5:39

#TRANSCRIBED The U.S. warned that it is going to use “tools at its disposal” to hold Rwanda accountable, a "spoilers to peace”, referring to both Rwanda and M23. READ THE FULL TRANSCRIPT OF THE UNITED STATES' DURING TODAY'S UN SECURITY COUNCIL MEETING The United States is profoundly concerned and deeply disappointed by the renewed outbreak of violence in Eastern DRC. Today, I want to share additional information on the scale and sophistication of Rwanda’s involvement in the region. Since its re-emergence in 2021, Rwanda has maintained strategic control over its proxy armed group, M23, as well as M23’s political wing, the Congo River Alliance, also known as the AFC. Rwanda has deployed M23 and the AFC to further its geopolitical ambitions in Eastern DRC. Kigali has been directly involved in planning and executing the war, providing both military and political direction to M23 and the AFC. For years, the Rwandan Defence Forces (RDF) have supplied material, logistical, and training support to M23, and have fought alongside them in the DRC with approximately 5,000 to 7,000 troops as of early December — not accounting for any additional deployments during the recent escalation. In recent months, Rwanda has deployed multiple surface-to-air missile systems and other heavy, sophisticated weaponry into North and South Kivu to support M23 in its ongoing conflict with the DRC. Just this past weekend, M23 and Rwandan forces launched an offensive to seize Uvira, with RDF forces co-located on the frontlines with M23 fighters. We also have credible reports of increased use of suicide drones and artillery by both M23 and Rwanda, including artillery strikes into Burundi. Rather than a march toward peace — as seen in recent weeks under the leadership of President Trump through the Washington Accords — Rwanda is instead dragging the region back into greater instability and war. In light of the commitments made in Washington, we are deeply concerned about the continued presence of Rwandan military forces on Congolese soil in support of M23. The United States will use every tool at our disposal to hold accountable the spoilers of peace. We call on Rwanda to uphold its commitments and to fully recognize the Democratic Republic of Congo’s sovereign right to defend its territory, including the right to invite Burundian forces onto its land in response to aggression. We are engaging with all parties to urge restraint and to prevent further escalation — including calling for an end to hostile and ethnically charged anti-Tutsi rhetoric. As this Council continues to negotiate the renewal of the MONUSCO mandate, the United States will seek to ensure that the mission is empowered to support both the Doha and Washington agreements. While the parties themselves bear full responsibility for implementing these agreements, MONUSCO must have the freedom and capability to operate — including unimpeded mobility and logistical support. It is a sad hypocrisy that UN peacekeepers are under siege from forces backed by a UN member state — a state which also contributes troops to peacekeeping missions. The months-long M23 blockade on MONUSCO has severely impaired its ability to operate in and around Goma, as many have highlighted today. Furthermore, Rwanda continues to deploy surface-to-air missiles and conducts spoofing and jamming operations, effectively grounding MONUSCO’s air assets. Under such conditions, how can MONUSCO succeed? We demand the immediate cessation of these obstructions, which violate Rwanda’s and M23’s obligations under the Doha and Washington Agreements. The United States remains firm in its support for MONUSCO and its critical role in realizing these historic agreements, which we believe hold the potential to finally end decades of suffering in Eastern DRC.

XTRAfrica Media Group

43,848 просмотров • 6 месяцев назад

The Leader of the Opposition in Israel has now admitted that the country is losing badly against Iran and has failed to achieve its objectives of regime change. He says Netanyahu deceived the people of Israel, and that because of him, Israel has no say in any ceasefire agreement. “Netanyahu achieved the worst result.” “The Iranian regime has not been defeated.”
1:08

The Leader of the Opposition in Israel has now admitted that the country is losing badly against Iran and has failed to achieve its objectives of regime change. He says Netanyahu deceived the people of Israel, and that because of him, Israel has no say in any ceasefire agreement. “Netanyahu achieved the worst result.” “The Iranian regime has not been defeated.”

Shadow of Ezra

141,483 просмотров • 2 месяцев назад

🇦🇱 Albania's President Begaj champions 🇽🇰 recognition and full UN membership at the UNGA: The newest state in our region, the Republic of Kosova, is increasingly contributing to peace, dialogue, and coexistence in the Western Balkans. 17 years after declaring its independence, Kosova has demonstrated through its actions that it is a responsible member of the international community, committed to peace, stability, and democratic values, with strong institutions, and a vibrant population.
1:02

🇦🇱 Albania's President Begaj champions 🇽🇰 recognition and full UN membership at the UNGA: The newest state in our region, the Republic of Kosova, is increasingly contributing to peace, dialogue, and coexistence in the Western Balkans. 17 years after declaring its independence, Kosova has demonstrated through its actions that it is a responsible member of the international community, committed to peace, stability, and democratic values, with strong institutions, and a vibrant population.

Admirim

37,052 просмотров • 9 месяцев назад

BREAKING & UNUSUAL: The United States is unable to meet its commitments to buyers of its military equipment. Washington has failed to deliver a weapons shipment to Tokyo, despite the payment having been made in advance. Bloomberg: Japan’s request to purchase 400 American Tomahawk missiles has been delayed because the United States has depleted a significant portion of its stockpile during the war with Iran.
0:46

BREAKING & UNUSUAL: The United States is unable to meet its commitments to buyers of its military equipment. Washington has failed to deliver a weapons shipment to Tokyo, despite the payment having been made in advance. Bloomberg: Japan’s request to purchase 400 American Tomahawk missiles has been delayed because the United States has depleted a significant portion of its stockpile during the war with Iran.

China pulse 🇨🇳

80,513 просмотров • 2 месяцев назад

The Trump administration is stressing the U.S. will judge Iran by its actions — not its words — when it comes to dismantling its nuclear program and allowing IAEA inspections. VP Vance, freshly back in Washington after talks with the Iranian regime, says progress has been made toward a deal to end the war, as Secretary of State Marco Rubio is heading to the Persian Gulf to rally support among U.S. allies in the region, Aishah Hasnie reports.
2:21

The Trump administration is stressing the U.S. will judge Iran by its actions — not its words — when it comes to dismantling its nuclear program and allowing IAEA inspections. VP Vance, freshly back in Washington after talks with the Iranian regime, says progress has been made toward a deal to end the war, as Secretary of State Marco Rubio is heading to the Persian Gulf to rally support among U.S. allies in the region, Aishah Hasnie reports.

Fox News

120,373 просмотров • 6 дней назад

In an exclusive interview for Al Mayadeen, Sayyed Ali Ahmad Khomeini, the grandson of Imam Khomeini, said that separating the United States from "Israel" is "ultimately pointless", arguing that Washington uses "Israel as its largest military base." He also stressed that "arrogance speaks only the language of power," and that "confrontation, resistance, and even dialogue with the arrogant can only take place through the language of power." Khomeini rejected the idea of reconciliation between the oppressor and the oppressed, affirming it "has never happened and will never happen," and dismissed the likelihood of a US-Iran war as "the most distant possibility," however, he added that "if war were to happen, we are not afraid." #Iran #UnitedStates #AlMayadeen
4:30

In an exclusive interview for Al Mayadeen, Sayyed Ali Ahmad Khomeini, the grandson of Imam Khomeini, said that separating the United States from "Israel" is "ultimately pointless", arguing that Washington uses "Israel as its largest military base." He also stressed that "arrogance speaks only the language of power," and that "confrontation, resistance, and even dialogue with the arrogant can only take place through the language of power." Khomeini rejected the idea of reconciliation between the oppressor and the oppressed, affirming it "has never happened and will never happen," and dismissed the likelihood of a US-Iran war as "the most distant possibility," however, he added that "if war were to happen, we are not afraid." #Iran #UnitedStates #AlMayadeen

Al Mayadeen English

19,593 просмотров • 4 месяцев назад

⚡️🇺🇸🇮🇷BREAKING: US Amb. Mike Waltz to UNSC: “Iran says it's ready for dialogue, but its actions say otherwise…The level of violence that the Iranian regime has unleashed on its own people has repercussions for international peace and security”. “Trump is a man of action, not endless talk like we see at the UN. He has made it clear that all options are on the table to stop the slaughter.”
10:06

⚡️🇺🇸🇮🇷BREAKING: US Amb. Mike Waltz to UNSC: “Iran says it's ready for dialogue, but its actions say otherwise…The level of violence that the Iranian regime has unleashed on its own people has repercussions for international peace and security”. “Trump is a man of action, not endless talk like we see at the UN. He has made it clear that all options are on the table to stop the slaughter.”

Suppressed News.

21,174 просмотров • 5 месяцев назад

At the UN Security Council meeting on the DRC, China said the quiet part out loud: The Doha process must be accelerated and brought to a conclusion so a comprehensive peace agreement can finally be reached. This is the only sensible position, and frankly the kind of clarity one would expect from the US representative, especially since Massad Boulos (U.S. Senior Advisor for Arab and African Affairs ), Trump’s senior adviser on African Affairs and a central figure in these negotiations, has himself said that Doha is the missing piece of the puzzle. Without a peace deal between Kinshasa and M23 in Doha, the fighting will continue. And we all know Kinshasa has been dragging its feet on this front, all while continuing to violate the ceasefire. China understands the critical role of the Doha track. Unlike its Western counterparts, it is openly calling on them to drop their geopolitical games, stop taking sides, and pursue peace seriously. That is what responsible global powers are supposed to do at the Security Council. After failing to uphold their responsibility to protect Congolese Tutsi, Western powers should at least try to redeem themselves by working for peace. Of course, don’t expect Western media to highlight this. So spread the message.
0:41

At the UN Security Council meeting on the DRC, China said the quiet part out loud: The Doha process must be accelerated and brought to a conclusion so a comprehensive peace agreement can finally be reached. This is the only sensible position, and frankly the kind of clarity one would expect from the US representative, especially since Massad Boulos (U.S. Senior Advisor for Arab and African Affairs ), Trump’s senior adviser on African Affairs and a central figure in these negotiations, has himself said that Doha is the missing piece of the puzzle. Without a peace deal between Kinshasa and M23 in Doha, the fighting will continue. And we all know Kinshasa has been dragging its feet on this front, all while continuing to violate the ceasefire. China understands the critical role of the Doha track. Unlike its Western counterparts, it is openly calling on them to drop their geopolitical games, stop taking sides, and pursue peace seriously. That is what responsible global powers are supposed to do at the Security Council. After failing to uphold their responsibility to protect Congolese Tutsi, Western powers should at least try to redeem themselves by working for peace. Of course, don’t expect Western media to highlight this. So spread the message.

Isabelle Karake

94,125 просмотров • 6 месяцев назад

Like all Africans and beyond, I am deeply saddened by the situation in the Eastern Congo. I want to pass my condolences to South Africa on the death of its soldiers who have died in pursuit of peace in the DRC, and everyone who has been killed by this crisis. Today I took time to understand the issues and the root cause of the Great Lakes crisis, you can’t understand it all in a day. I am not an expert on the Great Lakes, but I found two insightful videos featuring Tanzania’s founding father, Mwalimu Julius Nyerere, and former South African President Thabo Mbeki explaining it. Both leaders were actively involved in efforts to address the Great Lakes issue, with Nyerere engaging as far back as 1992 and earlier. The problem can be traced back to 1885 during the Berlin Conference, where Africa was partitioned among European colonial powers and borders were drawn regardless of ethnic sensitivities. Belgium, the colonial power in the DRC, and Germany, the colonial power in Rwanda, drew borders that divided the Rwandan Kingdom, incorporating parts of it into what is now the DRC. As a result of this partitioning, the Banyarwanda (including the Banyamulenge) ended up living on both sides of the border—in Rwanda and the DRC. Just like the Tswanas in South Africa and Botswana. Despite being Zairean (Congolese) citizens, the Banyarwanda in the DRC were often treated as foreigners by successive Congolese governments, and they faced significant discrimination. The situation worsened after the Tutsi genocide in Rwanda in 1994 which was carried out by the Hutus, when perpetrators of the genocide fled into the DRC, particularly to areas where Congolese Banyarwanda lived. These perpetrators formed a militia called the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR). The FDLR, which opposes the current Rwandan government, was later incorporated into the Congolese army, causing Rwanda to view their presence in Eastern Congo as a significant security threat. Rwanda objected to the persecution of the Congolese Banyarwanda by the Congolese Government and the FDLR in the DRC. Rwanda’s said its involvement in the DRC is rooted in its efforts to neutralise the FDLR and protect its national security, as well as to address the marginalisation of the Banyarwanda in Eastern Congo. However, this involvement has also sparked significant controversy and accusations of resource exploitation and destabilisation by the DRC. The M23 (March 23 Movement) originated from the National Congress for the Defence of the People (CNDP), a Tutsi-led rebel group in the DRC that operated in the mid-2000s. The CNDP was mainly focused on protecting the rights of Congolese Tutsis (Banyarwanda) who faced discrimination and violence, particularly after the 1994 Rwandan Genocide. Reports by Human Rights Watch in October 2022 revealed that the Congolese military supported the FDLR in their military operations against the M23 rebel group. At the same time, the Congolese government has accused Rwanda of supporting the M23 militarily. Currently the conflict involves the M23 and the Congolese army, with the DRC accusing Rwanda of deploying its troops on Congolese soil. As Nyerere points out in the video, the Zairean government stripped the Banyarwanda in the Congo of their citizenship, rendering them stateless. However, they are Congolese due to the colonial borders. What is clear is that this crisis is not an overnight problem, it has been there for decades, long before both Presidents Paul Kagame and Félix Tshisekedi were in power. What is lacking is leadership from the region and the continent to help both countries resolve this crisis once and for all. It is like a volcano that has been erupting periodically, the crisis is crying out for a modern day Nyerere or Mbeki. It is now unrealistic to expect Presidents Kagame and Tshisekedi to invite each other for coffee, it needs someone with gravitas to invite them. This crisis has no military solution except dialogue.
25:17

Like all Africans and beyond, I am deeply saddened by the situation in the Eastern Congo. I want to pass my condolences to South Africa on the death of its soldiers who have died in pursuit of peace in the DRC, and everyone who has been killed by this crisis. Today I took time to understand the issues and the root cause of the Great Lakes crisis, you can’t understand it all in a day. I am not an expert on the Great Lakes, but I found two insightful videos featuring Tanzania’s founding father, Mwalimu Julius Nyerere, and former South African President Thabo Mbeki explaining it. Both leaders were actively involved in efforts to address the Great Lakes issue, with Nyerere engaging as far back as 1992 and earlier. The problem can be traced back to 1885 during the Berlin Conference, where Africa was partitioned among European colonial powers and borders were drawn regardless of ethnic sensitivities. Belgium, the colonial power in the DRC, and Germany, the colonial power in Rwanda, drew borders that divided the Rwandan Kingdom, incorporating parts of it into what is now the DRC. As a result of this partitioning, the Banyarwanda (including the Banyamulenge) ended up living on both sides of the border—in Rwanda and the DRC. Just like the Tswanas in South Africa and Botswana. Despite being Zairean (Congolese) citizens, the Banyarwanda in the DRC were often treated as foreigners by successive Congolese governments, and they faced significant discrimination. The situation worsened after the Tutsi genocide in Rwanda in 1994 which was carried out by the Hutus, when perpetrators of the genocide fled into the DRC, particularly to areas where Congolese Banyarwanda lived. These perpetrators formed a militia called the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR). The FDLR, which opposes the current Rwandan government, was later incorporated into the Congolese army, causing Rwanda to view their presence in Eastern Congo as a significant security threat. Rwanda objected to the persecution of the Congolese Banyarwanda by the Congolese Government and the FDLR in the DRC. Rwanda’s said its involvement in the DRC is rooted in its efforts to neutralise the FDLR and protect its national security, as well as to address the marginalisation of the Banyarwanda in Eastern Congo. However, this involvement has also sparked significant controversy and accusations of resource exploitation and destabilisation by the DRC. The M23 (March 23 Movement) originated from the National Congress for the Defence of the People (CNDP), a Tutsi-led rebel group in the DRC that operated in the mid-2000s. The CNDP was mainly focused on protecting the rights of Congolese Tutsis (Banyarwanda) who faced discrimination and violence, particularly after the 1994 Rwandan Genocide. Reports by Human Rights Watch in October 2022 revealed that the Congolese military supported the FDLR in their military operations against the M23 rebel group. At the same time, the Congolese government has accused Rwanda of supporting the M23 militarily. Currently the conflict involves the M23 and the Congolese army, with the DRC accusing Rwanda of deploying its troops on Congolese soil. As Nyerere points out in the video, the Zairean government stripped the Banyarwanda in the Congo of their citizenship, rendering them stateless. However, they are Congolese due to the colonial borders. What is clear is that this crisis is not an overnight problem, it has been there for decades, long before both Presidents Paul Kagame and Félix Tshisekedi were in power. What is lacking is leadership from the region and the continent to help both countries resolve this crisis once and for all. It is like a volcano that has been erupting periodically, the crisis is crying out for a modern day Nyerere or Mbeki. It is now unrealistic to expect Presidents Kagame and Tshisekedi to invite each other for coffee, it needs someone with gravitas to invite them. This crisis has no military solution except dialogue.

Hopewell Chin’ono

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