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🚨 RL for LLMs is finally accessible. Introducing OpenTinker: The first community-driven, open-source framework designed to democratize Reinforcement Learning for LLMs. Inspired by Thinking Machines's amazing Tinker, we realize the biggest bottleneck in agentic LLM research isn’t the math—it’s the setup. Current RL pipelines are messy. Configuring VeRL for...

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Jiaxuan You

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58,144 views • 6 months ago •via X (Twitter)

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Hiring RL Engineer! Started off as a curious project at Lossfunk to push the boundaries of LLMs in social reasoning - we are now building RL environments, data, and benchmarks to simulate more real-world scenarios. If you want to train SoTA RL models over multi-GPUs (H200s/B200s) to unlock next AI frontier, this is for you.
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Applied Compute

45,480 views • 7 months ago

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1/ Introducing RL Swarm’s new backend: GenRL. A modular reinforcement learning library built for distributed, fault-tolerant training - now powering RL Swarm from the ground up. 🧵

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"One of the very confusing things about the models right now: how to reconcile the fact that they are doing so well on evals. And you look at the evals and you go, 'Those are pretty hard evals.' But the economic impact seems to be dramatically behind. There is [a possible] explanation. Back when people were doing pre-training, the question of what data to train on was answered, because that answer was everything. So you don't have to think if it's going to be this data or that data. When people do RL training, they say, 'Okay, we want to have this kind of RL training for this thing and that kind of RL training for that thing.' You say, 'Hey, I would love our model to do really well when we release it. I want the evals to look great. What would be RL training that could help on this task?' If you combine this with generalization of the models actually being inadequate, that has the potential to explain a lot of what we are seeing, this disconnect between eval performance and actual real-world performance"
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The QVAC SDK is the "LEGO block" of the next era of computing. It’s a modular, local-first framework designed to turn anything—from a simple robot to an industrial server—into a sovereign, autonomous mind. Why build with QVAC? Atomic Intelligence: AI as a raw material embedded directly into your hardware. No Cloud Dependency: 0 latency and total privacy. If the internet breaks, your world keeps thinking. Infinite Scale: A single API for local AI that runs on any device, anywhere. From a child’s toy to the fabric of the universe, if you can dream it, you can build it. Start building the future: 🚀

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🔥Excited to share our new work: "A Practitioner's Guide to Multi-turn Agentic Reinforcement Learning"! We systematically study what actually works (and what doesn't) for agentic multi-turn RL, breaking down the design space into 3 pillars: 🌎Environment, 🤖Policy, and ⭐Reward. We conduct various ablations and empirical analysis on 🧩TextWorld, 🧙ALFWorld, and 🧑‍💻SWE-Gym. We also open source our codebase: 🐈🍵Meow-Tea-Taro 💜, a modular multi-turn RL framework with configurable environments, policies, and rewards! #ReinforcementLearning #AgenticAI #LLMs #Agents

Ruiyi Wang 王睿仪

52,974 views • 8 months ago

I hand-wrote a 500-LoC RL stack to make hacking on RL research much easier. Most RL stacks are either massive and unhackable, or duct-taped research scripts. I am open-sourcing Mithrl, a modular RLVR stack. Next items on my checklist: adding more complex environment examples, supporting multi-gpu + async RL, and QoL fixes. I might scrap external runtime dependencies (Huggingface PEFT + vLLM) and write purpose-built, simpler versions from scratch if I feel the need. If you want to experiment with RL and are looking to own sovereign tools, I’d love to get on call, understand your requirements and help integrate for free.
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I hand-wrote a 500-LoC RL stack to make hacking on RL research much easier. Most RL stacks are either massive and unhackable, or duct-taped research scripts. I am open-sourcing Mithrl, a modular RLVR stack. Next items on my checklist: adding more complex environment examples, supporting multi-gpu + async RL, and QoL fixes. I might scrap external runtime dependencies (Huggingface PEFT + vLLM) and write purpose-built, simpler versions from scratch if I feel the need. If you want to experiment with RL and are looking to own sovereign tools, I’d love to get on call, understand your requirements and help integrate for free.

omkaar

17,218 views • 3 months ago

I like to think of evals as something active, not passive -- it's a North Star that steers LLMs toward higher intelligence. Evals should drive your RL/SFT/post-training decisions. Internal evals at frontier labs make a huge difference -- and you can see it in how models behave differently (GPT seems better at one-shot tasks, Claude at multi-turn). If you want to learn more about building evals that actually improve your model in post-training, check out our AMD x DeeplearningAI course "Fine-tuning & RL for LLMs: Intro to Post-training" (content is free):
0:30

I like to think of evals as something active, not passive -- it's a North Star that steers LLMs toward higher intelligence. Evals should drive your RL/SFT/post-training decisions. Internal evals at frontier labs make a huge difference -- and you can see it in how models behave differently (GPT seems better at one-shot tasks, Claude at multi-turn). If you want to learn more about building evals that actually improve your model in post-training, check out our AMD x DeeplearningAI course "Fine-tuning & RL for LLMs: Intro to Post-training" (content is free):

Sharon Zhou

16,613 views • 4 months ago

Today's Training Data episode takes us BTS on the infrastructure challenges required to do large RL runs at scale, featuring Federico Cassano (Composer Lead at Cursor) and Dmytro Dzhulgakov (Co-Founder at Fireworks AI). The Cursor team trained Composer 2 on Fireworks by starting with a strong base model (Kimi 2.5) and performing large-scale mid-training on code tokens and web data to learn common patterns and libraries, followed by a large-scale Reinforcement Learning run to learn how to navigate the Cursor harness, call tools, and write correct code. Today's episode dives into the systems and infrastructure challenges of making that large RL run happening, and there were many (!!), from numerical mismatch to global distribution to synchronizing rollouts across asynchronous pipelines to keeping track of expert activation across runs and more. Extremely nerdy in-the-weeds challenges that Federico and Dima were delighted to nerd out on together :) Beyond RL infra, we also discussed Online vs Simulated rollouts, self-summarization for long-horizon agents, environment design ("the most powerful RL environment is the product itself"), and other technical nuggets. PS: We filmed this episode before the SpaceX news, while the Cursor team was still compute-constrained. While Cursor now has *all* the flops, the takeaways and hurdles crossed ring true for any serious application-level company that is racing to post-train their own models. I believe that more serious application companies will go the way of Cursor and post-train their own models. 00:00 Introduction 00:53 Why Cursor Trained Composer 2 04:55 Specialization vs Bitter Lesson 06:16 Composer 2 Training Recipe 16:32 Scaling RL Infrastructure Globally 23:32 Floating Point Drift 25:11 MoE Sensitivity Explained 26:25 Router Replay Fix 27:19 Real Time RL Loop 31:49 Long Horizon Agents 34:29 Why RL Everywhere 37:34 LLM as Judge Rewards 39:14 RL in Hard Domains 40:13 Build Your Own Environments 44:34 Closing Thoughts
45:33

Today's Training Data episode takes us BTS on the infrastructure challenges required to do large RL runs at scale, featuring Federico Cassano (Composer Lead at Cursor) and Dmytro Dzhulgakov (Co-Founder at Fireworks AI). The Cursor team trained Composer 2 on Fireworks by starting with a strong base model (Kimi 2.5) and performing large-scale mid-training on code tokens and web data to learn common patterns and libraries, followed by a large-scale Reinforcement Learning run to learn how to navigate the Cursor harness, call tools, and write correct code. Today's episode dives into the systems and infrastructure challenges of making that large RL run happening, and there were many (!!), from numerical mismatch to global distribution to synchronizing rollouts across asynchronous pipelines to keeping track of expert activation across runs and more. Extremely nerdy in-the-weeds challenges that Federico and Dima were delighted to nerd out on together :) Beyond RL infra, we also discussed Online vs Simulated rollouts, self-summarization for long-horizon agents, environment design ("the most powerful RL environment is the product itself"), and other technical nuggets. PS: We filmed this episode before the SpaceX news, while the Cursor team was still compute-constrained. While Cursor now has *all* the flops, the takeaways and hurdles crossed ring true for any serious application-level company that is racing to post-train their own models. I believe that more serious application companies will go the way of Cursor and post-train their own models. 00:00 Introduction 00:53 Why Cursor Trained Composer 2 04:55 Specialization vs Bitter Lesson 06:16 Composer 2 Training Recipe 16:32 Scaling RL Infrastructure Globally 23:32 Floating Point Drift 25:11 MoE Sensitivity Explained 26:25 Router Replay Fix 27:19 Real Time RL Loop 31:49 Long Horizon Agents 34:29 Why RL Everywhere 37:34 LLM as Judge Rewards 39:14 RL in Hard Domains 40:13 Build Your Own Environments 44:34 Closing Thoughts

Sonya Huang 🐥

77,958 views • 1 month ago

Today we’re launching INTELLECT-2: The first decentralized 32B-parameter RL training run open to join for anyone with compute — fully permissionless. Scaling towards frontier reasoning across coding, math and science.
0:39

Today we’re launching INTELLECT-2: The first decentralized 32B-parameter RL training run open to join for anyone with compute — fully permissionless. Scaling towards frontier reasoning across coding, math and science.

Prime Intellect

353,663 views • 1 year ago

#mixtral #mistral #LLM360 Serving Mixtral and LLM360 on FEDML Nexus AI ( We offer Mixtral model endpoints the cheapest in the market: only $0.0005 / 1K tokens! FEDML embraces open source and open model weights. We believe the future of AI belongs to large-scale open collaboration. Today we are excited to support new advances in open-source foundation models: Mixtral, the latest open-source LLM beating Llama2-70B with Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture, and Amber and CrystalCoder backed by LLM360, the framework for open-source LLMs to foster transparency, trust, and collaborative research. Compared to existing fragmented ML products in the market, FEDML Nexus AI is the next-gen cloud service for LLM and Generative AI. It provides an end-to-end platform backed by serverless/decentralized AI infrastructure. Specifically: 1. Economical Serving Engine, ScaleLLM, is where you run your model in cheaper price by optimizing GPU memory and with fully optimized throughput for supporting more concurrent requests. 2. FEDML® Deploy simplifies CLI and MLOps workflow for model deployment on a serverless GPU cloud or on-premise cluster. 3. Serverless Endpoint runs on serverless GPU clouds. With our pay per use policy, we abstract the responsibility of acquiring or leasing an extensive GPU inventory when your are uncertain about your future AI service traffic. The autoscaling feature seamlessly adjusts the backend GPU resources in response to your service traffic. 4. On-premise Deployment helps you own your LLM model on your local environment with AI safety support. 5. FEDML® Launch for serverless GPU clouds. With one-line CLI, it swiftly pairs AI jobs with the most economical GPU resources, auto-provisions, and effortlessly runs the job, abstracting complex environment setup and management. 6. Zero-code Fine-tuning supported by FEDML® Studio optimizes your model on your domain-specific data without writing any line of source code. 7. Pre-training LLM supports cluster management and experimental tracking. You maintain your training clusters for your urgent needs in your vertical domain. As a closing note, FEDML is gearing up to unveil a cutting-edge service for LLM-based agents and our own cost-effective LLM. Please stay tuned and keep an eye out for upcoming announcements!
0:30

#mixtral #mistral #LLM360 Serving Mixtral and LLM360 on FEDML Nexus AI ( We offer Mixtral model endpoints the cheapest in the market: only $0.0005 / 1K tokens! FEDML embraces open source and open model weights. We believe the future of AI belongs to large-scale open collaboration. Today we are excited to support new advances in open-source foundation models: Mixtral, the latest open-source LLM beating Llama2-70B with Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture, and Amber and CrystalCoder backed by LLM360, the framework for open-source LLMs to foster transparency, trust, and collaborative research. Compared to existing fragmented ML products in the market, FEDML Nexus AI is the next-gen cloud service for LLM and Generative AI. It provides an end-to-end platform backed by serverless/decentralized AI infrastructure. Specifically: 1. Economical Serving Engine, ScaleLLM, is where you run your model in cheaper price by optimizing GPU memory and with fully optimized throughput for supporting more concurrent requests. 2. FEDML® Deploy simplifies CLI and MLOps workflow for model deployment on a serverless GPU cloud or on-premise cluster. 3. Serverless Endpoint runs on serverless GPU clouds. With our pay per use policy, we abstract the responsibility of acquiring or leasing an extensive GPU inventory when your are uncertain about your future AI service traffic. The autoscaling feature seamlessly adjusts the backend GPU resources in response to your service traffic. 4. On-premise Deployment helps you own your LLM model on your local environment with AI safety support. 5. FEDML® Launch for serverless GPU clouds. With one-line CLI, it swiftly pairs AI jobs with the most economical GPU resources, auto-provisions, and effortlessly runs the job, abstracting complex environment setup and management. 6. Zero-code Fine-tuning supported by FEDML® Studio optimizes your model on your domain-specific data without writing any line of source code. 7. Pre-training LLM supports cluster management and experimental tracking. You maintain your training clusters for your urgent needs in your vertical domain. As a closing note, FEDML is gearing up to unveil a cutting-edge service for LLM-based agents and our own cost-effective LLM. Please stay tuned and keep an eye out for upcoming announcements!

TensorOpera AI

90,271 views • 2 years ago

New blackboard lecture w Eric Jang He walks through how to build AlphaGo from scratch, but with modern AI tools. Sometimes you understand the future better by stepping backward. AlphaGo is still the cleanest worked example of the primitives of intelligence: search, learning from experience, and self-play. You have to go back to 2017 to get insight into how the more general AIs of the future might learn. Once he explained how AlphaGo works, it gave us the context to have a discussion about how RL works in LLMs and how it could work better – naive policy gradient RL has to figure out which of the 100k+ tokens in your trajectory actually got you the right answer, while AlphaGo’s MCTS suggests a strictly better action every single move, giving you a training target that sidesteps the credit assignment problem. The way humans learn is surely closer to the second. Eric also kickstarted an Autoresearch loop on his project. And it was very interesting to discuss which parts of AI research LLMs can already automate pretty well (implementing and running experiments, optimizing hyperparameters) and which they still struggle with (choosing the right question to investigate next, escaping research dead ends). Informative to all the recent discussion about when we should expect an intelligence explosion, and what it would look like from the inside. Timestamps: 0:00:00 – Basics of Go 0:08:06 – Monte Carlo Tree Search 0:31:53 – What the neural network does 1:00:22 – Self-play 1:25:27 – Alternative RL approaches 1:45:36 – Why doesn’t MCTS work for LLMs 2:00:58 – Off-policy training 2:11:51 – RL is even more information inefficient than you thought 2:22:05 – Automated AI researchers
2:37:17

New blackboard lecture w Eric Jang He walks through how to build AlphaGo from scratch, but with modern AI tools. Sometimes you understand the future better by stepping backward. AlphaGo is still the cleanest worked example of the primitives of intelligence: search, learning from experience, and self-play. You have to go back to 2017 to get insight into how the more general AIs of the future might learn. Once he explained how AlphaGo works, it gave us the context to have a discussion about how RL works in LLMs and how it could work better – naive policy gradient RL has to figure out which of the 100k+ tokens in your trajectory actually got you the right answer, while AlphaGo’s MCTS suggests a strictly better action every single move, giving you a training target that sidesteps the credit assignment problem. The way humans learn is surely closer to the second. Eric also kickstarted an Autoresearch loop on his project. And it was very interesting to discuss which parts of AI research LLMs can already automate pretty well (implementing and running experiments, optimizing hyperparameters) and which they still struggle with (choosing the right question to investigate next, escaping research dead ends). Informative to all the recent discussion about when we should expect an intelligence explosion, and what it would look like from the inside. Timestamps: 0:00:00 – Basics of Go 0:08:06 – Monte Carlo Tree Search 0:31:53 – What the neural network does 1:00:22 – Self-play 1:25:27 – Alternative RL approaches 1:45:36 – Why doesn’t MCTS work for LLMs 2:00:58 – Off-policy training 2:11:51 – RL is even more information inefficient than you thought 2:22:05 – Automated AI researchers

Dwarkesh Patel

696,173 views • 1 month ago

We asked Sholto Douglas from Anthropic about the costs of RL (Reinforcement Learning) runs. "In Dario Amodei's essay, he said that RL runs cost only $1M back in December." "RL is a more naively parallelizable and scalable than pre-training." "With pre-training, you need everything in one big data center ideally. For RL, in theory, you could scale all over the world."
0:37

We asked Sholto Douglas from Anthropic about the costs of RL (Reinforcement Learning) runs. "In Dario Amodei's essay, he said that RL runs cost only $1M back in December." "RL is a more naively parallelizable and scalable than pre-training." "With pre-training, you need everything in one big data center ideally. For RL, in theory, you could scale all over the world."

TBPN

76,634 views • 1 year ago