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#SaveAravalli >Acts as a green wall—checking Thar Desert expansion and shielding Delhi–Haryana from pollution. >Rich biodiversity: 20+ mammals, 300 bird species, 26 reptiles, and 100+ butterflies. >2 million litres of groundwater recharge per hectare.

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Vidrohi Bhadoriya

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20,568 views • 9 months ago •via X (Twitter)

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Here is a wild masterpiece that many have never heard about. Tamil Nadu holds one of India’s most astonishing hidden landscapes, the Theri Kadu or the red sand dune Forests of Thoothukudi. These flame coloured dunes, sculpted by wind over thousands of years from ancient marine sands, are living geological archives of sea, climate and time. Their striking crimson hue comes from iron-rich minerals, making Theri Kadu not just beautiful, but globally significant. Beyond the dunes lies a resilient forest ecosystem protected within Theri Reserved Forest landscapes such as Kuthiraimozhi Theri RF with 5,152 ha and Sathankulam RF. with 899.08 Ha. Though seemingly arid, these porous sands harvest rain, recharge groundwater and sustain precious freshwater springs known as Sunai in a low-rainfall region. This is nature’s water bank hidden beneath a desert of red. Theri is also alive with remarkable biodiversity. Over 500 plant species thrive here, specially adapted to harsh sandy soils. Madras hedgehogs, foxes, pangolins, reptiles, owls, butterflies and the dazzling fan-throated lizard find refuge in this rare habitat. #Theri #TamilNadu #Biodiversity #Conservation #RedSandDunes
0:22

Here is a wild masterpiece that many have never heard about. Tamil Nadu holds one of India’s most astonishing hidden landscapes, the Theri Kadu or the red sand dune Forests of Thoothukudi. These flame coloured dunes, sculpted by wind over thousands of years from ancient marine sands, are living geological archives of sea, climate and time. Their striking crimson hue comes from iron-rich minerals, making Theri Kadu not just beautiful, but globally significant. Beyond the dunes lies a resilient forest ecosystem protected within Theri Reserved Forest landscapes such as Kuthiraimozhi Theri RF with 5,152 ha and Sathankulam RF. with 899.08 Ha. Though seemingly arid, these porous sands harvest rain, recharge groundwater and sustain precious freshwater springs known as Sunai in a low-rainfall region. This is nature’s water bank hidden beneath a desert of red. Theri is also alive with remarkable biodiversity. Over 500 plant species thrive here, specially adapted to harsh sandy soils. Madras hedgehogs, foxes, pangolins, reptiles, owls, butterflies and the dazzling fan-throated lizard find refuge in this rare habitat. #Theri #TamilNadu #Biodiversity #Conservation #RedSandDunes

Supriya Sahu IAS

73,862 views • 5 months ago

Tamil Nadu is home to more than 51.9 million Palmyrah palms, nearly half of India’s population ! 😊establishing the State as the global stronghold of Borassus flabellifer. Under the Green Tamil Nadu Mission, a massive statewide drive has resulted in plantation of over 2.24 crore Palmyrah seeds mobilising more than 16,600 volunteers, with geo-tagged monitoring through the GTM and Udhavi apps. Districts such as Perambalur, Tiruchirappalli, Pudukkottai, Ariyalur, Tirupathur and Sivagangai have crossed 10 lakh seed plantations, with strong participation from Erode, Salem, and Nagapatinam. The Palmyrah is a climate-resilient species with a lifespan of over 120 years, strengthening riverbanks, coastal belts, and drylands, while supporting groundwater recharge and traditional livelihoods. This initiative advances Tamil Nadu’s climate adaptation goals, promotes nature-based solutions, ensures community participation, and revives a culturally symbolic species deeply rooted in the State’s environmental heritage. This was done with the partnership of the consortium of NGOs led by TN Volunteers #GreenTNMission #Climateaction #PalmyrahPlantation Tamil Nadu Volunteers - தமிழ்நாடு தன்னார்வலர்கள்
0:24

Tamil Nadu is home to more than 51.9 million Palmyrah palms, nearly half of India’s population ! 😊establishing the State as the global stronghold of Borassus flabellifer. Under the Green Tamil Nadu Mission, a massive statewide drive has resulted in plantation of over 2.24 crore Palmyrah seeds mobilising more than 16,600 volunteers, with geo-tagged monitoring through the GTM and Udhavi apps. Districts such as Perambalur, Tiruchirappalli, Pudukkottai, Ariyalur, Tirupathur and Sivagangai have crossed 10 lakh seed plantations, with strong participation from Erode, Salem, and Nagapatinam. The Palmyrah is a climate-resilient species with a lifespan of over 120 years, strengthening riverbanks, coastal belts, and drylands, while supporting groundwater recharge and traditional livelihoods. This initiative advances Tamil Nadu’s climate adaptation goals, promotes nature-based solutions, ensures community participation, and revives a culturally symbolic species deeply rooted in the State’s environmental heritage. This was done with the partnership of the consortium of NGOs led by TN Volunteers #GreenTNMission #Climateaction #PalmyrahPlantation Tamil Nadu Volunteers - தமிழ்நாடு தன்னார்வலர்கள்

Supriya Sahu IAS

58,494 views • 10 months ago

This is nearly 2 km long biodhield in Cuddalore District in TN. Spread in about 45 Hectares, this 300 metres wide living Coastal shelterbelt is one of the longest & will safeguard Akkaraikori, Singarathope and Sonankuppam villages from sea-level rise and erosion. Scientifically designed and planted under the Green TN and Climate Change Mission of GOTN this bioshield includes about 30,000 Palmyrah trees, 1,00,000 Casuarina seedlings as primary windbreak, 28,000 mangrove saplings & about 2000 tall coastal resilient native species. We are building another one in Tuticorin. Not a wall of concrete but a living green guardian 💪 Way to go Team Cuddalore #GreenTamilNadu #ClimateAction #CoastalResilience UN Environment Programme #NatureBasedSolutions World Bank Climate TN Climate Change Mission Thangam Thenarasu-தமிழ்நாட்டை தலைகுனிய விடமாட்டேன் RS Rajakannappan- தமிழ்நாட்டை தலைகுனிய விடமாட்டேன்
0:54

This is nearly 2 km long biodhield in Cuddalore District in TN. Spread in about 45 Hectares, this 300 metres wide living Coastal shelterbelt is one of the longest & will safeguard Akkaraikori, Singarathope and Sonankuppam villages from sea-level rise and erosion. Scientifically designed and planted under the Green TN and Climate Change Mission of GOTN this bioshield includes about 30,000 Palmyrah trees, 1,00,000 Casuarina seedlings as primary windbreak, 28,000 mangrove saplings & about 2000 tall coastal resilient native species. We are building another one in Tuticorin. Not a wall of concrete but a living green guardian 💪 Way to go Team Cuddalore #GreenTamilNadu #ClimateAction #CoastalResilience UN Environment Programme #NatureBasedSolutions World Bank Climate TN Climate Change Mission Thangam Thenarasu-தமிழ்நாட்டை தலைகுனிய விடமாட்டேன் RS Rajakannappan- தமிழ்நாட்டை தலைகுனிய விடமாட்டேன்

Supriya Sahu IAS

41,966 views • 7 months ago

The Five Mass Extinctions That Shaped Life on Earth Earth’s history is marked by periods of extraordinary biological flourishing interrupted by catastrophic die-offs. Paleontologists recognize five major mass extinctions—events in which a large percentage of the planet’s species vanished in a geologically short time. These “Big Five” reshaped ecosystems, opened ecological niches, and ultimately paved the way for the rise of new dominant groups, including the mammals that would one day include us. 1. Ordovician–Silurian Extinction (≈443 million years ago) The first of the great extinctions struck near the end of the Ordovician period. Roughly 85% of marine species disappeared. The primary drivers appear to have been rapid global cooling and the growth of extensive ice sheets over the supercontinent Gondwana. Falling sea levels drained shallow continental shelves—the richest habitats of the time—while changes in ocean chemistry further stressed marine life. Soft-bodied organisms and early reef-builders were especially hard-hit. 2. Late Devonian Extinction (≈375–360 million years ago) This drawn-out crisis unfolded in several pulses over millions of years and eliminated about 75% of species. Marine communities, particularly reef ecosystems built by corals and stromatoporoids, suffered heavily. Proposed causes include widespread oceanic anoxia (oxygen-poor waters), climate fluctuations, and possibly the evolution of land plants, which may have altered nutrient cycles and increased runoff into the oceans. The event cleared the way for the later diversification of early tetrapods and ammonoids. 3. Permian–Triassic Extinction (≈252 million years ago) Often called “The Great Dying,” this was the most severe extinction in Earth’s history. Up to 96% of marine species and roughly 70% of terrestrial vertebrate species vanished. The leading culprit is massive volcanism associated with the Siberian Traps, which released enormous volumes of greenhouse gases, triggered global warming, ocean acidification, and anoxia. Life on land and in the seas was pushed to the brink; recovery took millions of years, and the survivors set the stage for the age of dinosaurs and the first true mammals. 4. Triassic–Jurassic Extinction (≈201 million years ago) Approximately 80% of species disappeared at the end of the Triassic. Large amphibians and many early archosaurs were among the casualties, while the survivors—especially dinosaurs—rapidly diversified afterward. The main trigger is thought to have been intense volcanic activity linked to the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province as the supercontinent Pangaea began to break apart. Climate upheaval, rising CO₂ levels, and possible ocean acidification followed. 5. Cretaceous–Paleogene Extinction (≈66 million years ago) The most famous of the mass extinctions ended the reign of the non-avian dinosaurs and wiped out about 75% of all species. An asteroid roughly 10–15 km in diameter struck what is now the Yucatán Peninsula, creating the Chicxulub crater. The impact, combined with subsequent volcanism from the Deccan Traps, caused global darkness, wildfires, acid rain, and a prolonged “impact winter.” Marine reptiles, flying pterosaurs, and many other groups also vanished, while mammals, birds, and flowering plants inherited a transformed world. These five events underscore both the fragility and the resilience of life. Each extinction pruned the tree of life dramatically, yet the survivors rebounded, innovated, and eventually produced the astonishing biodiversity we see today—including our own species. Studying them remains essential not only for understanding Earth’s deep past but also for recognizing the scale of human-driven changes currently underway.
0:32

The Five Mass Extinctions That Shaped Life on Earth Earth’s history is marked by periods of extraordinary biological flourishing interrupted by catastrophic die-offs. Paleontologists recognize five major mass extinctions—events in which a large percentage of the planet’s species vanished in a geologically short time. These “Big Five” reshaped ecosystems, opened ecological niches, and ultimately paved the way for the rise of new dominant groups, including the mammals that would one day include us. 1. Ordovician–Silurian Extinction (≈443 million years ago) The first of the great extinctions struck near the end of the Ordovician period. Roughly 85% of marine species disappeared. The primary drivers appear to have been rapid global cooling and the growth of extensive ice sheets over the supercontinent Gondwana. Falling sea levels drained shallow continental shelves—the richest habitats of the time—while changes in ocean chemistry further stressed marine life. Soft-bodied organisms and early reef-builders were especially hard-hit. 2. Late Devonian Extinction (≈375–360 million years ago) This drawn-out crisis unfolded in several pulses over millions of years and eliminated about 75% of species. Marine communities, particularly reef ecosystems built by corals and stromatoporoids, suffered heavily. Proposed causes include widespread oceanic anoxia (oxygen-poor waters), climate fluctuations, and possibly the evolution of land plants, which may have altered nutrient cycles and increased runoff into the oceans. The event cleared the way for the later diversification of early tetrapods and ammonoids. 3. Permian–Triassic Extinction (≈252 million years ago) Often called “The Great Dying,” this was the most severe extinction in Earth’s history. Up to 96% of marine species and roughly 70% of terrestrial vertebrate species vanished. The leading culprit is massive volcanism associated with the Siberian Traps, which released enormous volumes of greenhouse gases, triggered global warming, ocean acidification, and anoxia. Life on land and in the seas was pushed to the brink; recovery took millions of years, and the survivors set the stage for the age of dinosaurs and the first true mammals. 4. Triassic–Jurassic Extinction (≈201 million years ago) Approximately 80% of species disappeared at the end of the Triassic. Large amphibians and many early archosaurs were among the casualties, while the survivors—especially dinosaurs—rapidly diversified afterward. The main trigger is thought to have been intense volcanic activity linked to the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province as the supercontinent Pangaea began to break apart. Climate upheaval, rising CO₂ levels, and possible ocean acidification followed. 5. Cretaceous–Paleogene Extinction (≈66 million years ago) The most famous of the mass extinctions ended the reign of the non-avian dinosaurs and wiped out about 75% of all species. An asteroid roughly 10–15 km in diameter struck what is now the Yucatán Peninsula, creating the Chicxulub crater. The impact, combined with subsequent volcanism from the Deccan Traps, caused global darkness, wildfires, acid rain, and a prolonged “impact winter.” Marine reptiles, flying pterosaurs, and many other groups also vanished, while mammals, birds, and flowering plants inherited a transformed world. These five events underscore both the fragility and the resilience of life. Each extinction pruned the tree of life dramatically, yet the survivors rebounded, innovated, and eventually produced the astonishing biodiversity we see today—including our own species. Studying them remains essential not only for understanding Earth’s deep past but also for recognizing the scale of human-driven changes currently underway.

Black Hole

26,511 views • 1 month ago

i'm obsessed with what's happening in AI reforestation right now this Franco-Brazilian startup called MORFO took a patch of land in Brazil that was rock-hard and compacted from years of cattle farming. they replanted it using a single drone. months later the ground was covered in grass, bushes, and small trees. the land came back to life. here's how the whole thing works. 1. drones scan the terrain with high-resolution cameras and sensors 2. AI analyzes the imagery alongside soil samples, moisture levels, slope, and surrounding vegetation 3. the system picks from a catalog of 300+ native species, deciding exactly which plants will thrive in which specific spot 4. the drone fires biodegradable seed pods packed with seeds, nutrients, and moisture at 180 capsules per minute 5. satellite and drone imagery monitors regrowth over time, with AI tracking vegetation cover and biodiversity 6. two people and one drone cover 50 hectares a day. a person planting by hand manages about one hectare. and MORFO isn't alone. AirSeed in Australia drops 250,000 seed pods per day into bushfire-scarred koala habitat, replanting swamp mahogany that koalas depend on to survive. Flash Forest in Canada fires 50,000 pods daily into wildfire-destroyed boreal forest, planning the replanting alongside Cree Indigenous communities. re-green won Prince William's Earthshot Prize after planting 6 million seedlings across 30,000 hectares of Amazon and Atlantic Forest. five companies across four continents built this same approach independently. nobody coordinated. the physics of the problem demanded it. knowing which seeds belong in which soil used to require years of ecological fieldwork, manual planting crews, and budgets that made large-scale restoration nearly impossible. now two people with a drone and an AI model trained on local soil data can replant 50 hectares before lunch. this is the AI work that'll still matter in 50 years.
1:36

i'm obsessed with what's happening in AI reforestation right now this Franco-Brazilian startup called MORFO took a patch of land in Brazil that was rock-hard and compacted from years of cattle farming. they replanted it using a single drone. months later the ground was covered in grass, bushes, and small trees. the land came back to life. here's how the whole thing works. 1. drones scan the terrain with high-resolution cameras and sensors 2. AI analyzes the imagery alongside soil samples, moisture levels, slope, and surrounding vegetation 3. the system picks from a catalog of 300+ native species, deciding exactly which plants will thrive in which specific spot 4. the drone fires biodegradable seed pods packed with seeds, nutrients, and moisture at 180 capsules per minute 5. satellite and drone imagery monitors regrowth over time, with AI tracking vegetation cover and biodiversity 6. two people and one drone cover 50 hectares a day. a person planting by hand manages about one hectare. and MORFO isn't alone. AirSeed in Australia drops 250,000 seed pods per day into bushfire-scarred koala habitat, replanting swamp mahogany that koalas depend on to survive. Flash Forest in Canada fires 50,000 pods daily into wildfire-destroyed boreal forest, planning the replanting alongside Cree Indigenous communities. re-green won Prince William's Earthshot Prize after planting 6 million seedlings across 30,000 hectares of Amazon and Atlantic Forest. five companies across four continents built this same approach independently. nobody coordinated. the physics of the problem demanded it. knowing which seeds belong in which soil used to require years of ecological fieldwork, manual planting crews, and budgets that made large-scale restoration nearly impossible. now two people with a drone and an AI model trained on local soil data can replant 50 hectares before lunch. this is the AI work that'll still matter in 50 years.

Alex Veremeyenko

675,502 views • 3 months ago

NEW EPISODE: “When things become commercialized, whether people know it or not, it loses the soul. I didn't want to do that. I'm not trying to sell a tasty beverage that people will just drink recreationally. I want it to be life-changing; I want it to nourish and heal.” -GT Dave, Synergy Kombucha 0:00 GT Dave 1:36 Kombucha, Healing, and His Mother’s Diagnosis 6:35 Purpose, Identity, and Leaving School 8:00 Starting Without a Plan and Following Intuition 10:02 Erewhon, Early Retail, and Learning from Odwalla 12:49 Raw vs. Processed and Protecting What’s Alive 13:33 Synergy, Fermentation, and a New Category 19:47 The First Batch, First Store, and Early Validation 23:20 Protecting the Soul of the Product 27:08 Saying No, Staying Pure, and Defining the Mission 30:32 Flavors, Gingerade, and Accessible Kombucha 33:18 Scaling and the Tension of a Bigger Business 37:00 Synergy, Branding, and Growing the Audience 41:15 Breakthrough Moments and Rapid Growth 47:27 Distribution and Letting Go of Control 52:03 Refrigeration, “Living Food,” and Loss 56:30 Expansion, National Growth, and Industry Shifts 1:10:45 Health Trends, Sugar, and Consumer Behavior 1:32:10 Balancing Business, Responsibility, and Integrity 1:55:40 Family, Legacy, and Staying True Over Time 2:19:40 What It Means to Keep Something Alive
1:28:54

NEW EPISODE: “When things become commercialized, whether people know it or not, it loses the soul. I didn't want to do that. I'm not trying to sell a tasty beverage that people will just drink recreationally. I want it to be life-changing; I want it to nourish and heal.” -GT Dave, Synergy Kombucha 0:00 GT Dave 1:36 Kombucha, Healing, and His Mother’s Diagnosis 6:35 Purpose, Identity, and Leaving School 8:00 Starting Without a Plan and Following Intuition 10:02 Erewhon, Early Retail, and Learning from Odwalla 12:49 Raw vs. Processed and Protecting What’s Alive 13:33 Synergy, Fermentation, and a New Category 19:47 The First Batch, First Store, and Early Validation 23:20 Protecting the Soul of the Product 27:08 Saying No, Staying Pure, and Defining the Mission 30:32 Flavors, Gingerade, and Accessible Kombucha 33:18 Scaling and the Tension of a Bigger Business 37:00 Synergy, Branding, and Growing the Audience 41:15 Breakthrough Moments and Rapid Growth 47:27 Distribution and Letting Go of Control 52:03 Refrigeration, “Living Food,” and Loss 56:30 Expansion, National Growth, and Industry Shifts 1:10:45 Health Trends, Sugar, and Consumer Behavior 1:32:10 Balancing Business, Responsibility, and Integrity 1:55:40 Family, Legacy, and Staying True Over Time 2:19:40 What It Means to Keep Something Alive

Tetragrammaton

74,798 views • 5 months ago

Elon Musk dropped out of Stanford after 2 days and ended up sleeping on an office futon, showering at the YMCA. 8 years later he priced a rocket at $6 million while NASA burned $1 billion per flight. Here’s what happened in between. His professor’s last words were “I don’t think you’ll be coming back” and he was right. Musk built Zip2 with negative money: huge student debt, an office cheaper than an apartment, internet through a hole drilled in the floor to the ISP downstairs for $100 a month. He sold it for $300 million, then built PayPal with 30 engineers, 0 salespeople and 0 ad budget, and sold that to eBay for $1.5 billion. Instead of a vacation, he flew to Russia to buy a decommissioned nuclear missile. The plan was to land a greenhouse on Mars for $20 million, but American rockets cost $50 million minimum so he went shopping for ICBMs. After 3 trips to Moscow the Russians finally said yes, and the deal got so messy he walked away with nothing. On the flight home one question wouldn’t leave him: why can a country with the economy of Belgium build cheaper rockets than America? So he built his own answer 30 people, 0 lawyers, Ethernet instead of copper bundles thick as your arm, everything simple and everything cheap. The scoreboard by 2003: Space shuttle $1 billion per flight Nearest competitor $25 million Falcon $6 million Stanford wanted 4 more years he needed 2 days to know.
47:51

Elon Musk dropped out of Stanford after 2 days and ended up sleeping on an office futon, showering at the YMCA. 8 years later he priced a rocket at $6 million while NASA burned $1 billion per flight. Here’s what happened in between. His professor’s last words were “I don’t think you’ll be coming back” and he was right. Musk built Zip2 with negative money: huge student debt, an office cheaper than an apartment, internet through a hole drilled in the floor to the ISP downstairs for $100 a month. He sold it for $300 million, then built PayPal with 30 engineers, 0 salespeople and 0 ad budget, and sold that to eBay for $1.5 billion. Instead of a vacation, he flew to Russia to buy a decommissioned nuclear missile. The plan was to land a greenhouse on Mars for $20 million, but American rockets cost $50 million minimum so he went shopping for ICBMs. After 3 trips to Moscow the Russians finally said yes, and the deal got so messy he walked away with nothing. On the flight home one question wouldn’t leave him: why can a country with the economy of Belgium build cheaper rockets than America? So he built his own answer 30 people, 0 lawyers, Ethernet instead of copper bundles thick as your arm, everything simple and everything cheap. The scoreboard by 2003: Space shuttle $1 billion per flight Nearest competitor $25 million Falcon $6 million Stanford wanted 4 more years he needed 2 days to know.

West Lord

211,404 views • 2 months ago

Want to win every single hand in Crimson Desert's gambling mini games and get RICH by breaking the laws of reality? Then make friendly with the Tommaso Mineral Vendor to get the ♦️Deceiver's Hat♦️!! This headpiece is OVERPOWERED, as it allows you to see the cards of your opponents every round of Duo/Five-Card with ZERO cooldown. Here's how to get it!⬇️ - Travel to Tommaso in Crimson Desert - Bring 20 copper pouches - Gift the pouches to Seratien, the Mineral Vendor - After reputation 100, buy the hat for 97 silver - Equip the hat and press the button when prompted to see your opponents' playing cards as many times as you wish This is a guaranteed way to make tons of silver very fast without ever having to invest into a high-risk bank account or steal gold bars off nobles, as the gambling games range from 30ish silver to 300 silver per pot depending on where you play. If you use this hat every time you play, you'll become the wealthiest person in Pywel. You'll also look cool, I mean just look at that monacle 🧐 Have fun! 🤠💰
2:17

Want to win every single hand in Crimson Desert's gambling mini games and get RICH by breaking the laws of reality? Then make friendly with the Tommaso Mineral Vendor to get the ♦️Deceiver's Hat♦️!! This headpiece is OVERPOWERED, as it allows you to see the cards of your opponents every round of Duo/Five-Card with ZERO cooldown. Here's how to get it!⬇️ - Travel to Tommaso in Crimson Desert - Bring 20 copper pouches - Gift the pouches to Seratien, the Mineral Vendor - After reputation 100, buy the hat for 97 silver - Equip the hat and press the button when prompted to see your opponents' playing cards as many times as you wish This is a guaranteed way to make tons of silver very fast without ever having to invest into a high-risk bank account or steal gold bars off nobles, as the gambling games range from 30ish silver to 300 silver per pot depending on where you play. If you use this hat every time you play, you'll become the wealthiest person in Pywel. You'll also look cool, I mean just look at that monacle 🧐 Have fun! 🤠💰

𝕯𝖗𝖊𝖆𝖉𝖗𝖔𝖇𝖊𝖗𝖙𝖘

71,597 views • 5 months ago

What happened above❓ 🛘A Chinese photographer captured the mountain collapse that set off the Nepal–Tibet disaster.🇳🇵 👇New information The exact volume is still being calculated from satellite data. The strongest working estimate puts the combined rock, ice and debris at roughly 50–100 million m³. If most of that material were rock and soil at about 2.5–2.7 tonnes per m³: • 50 million m³ → about 125–135 million tonnes • 100 million m³ → about 250–270 million tonnes So a rock–ice–debris mass on the order of 125–270 million tonnes may have moved. If much of it was ice, the tonnage would be lower. What the USGS says This was not a tectonic magnitude 5.2 earthquake. A huge mass movement — rock and glacier collapse, then a debris flow — produced a seismic signal equivalent to M5.2. That signal was the collapse. The likely chain: rock/ice collapse → debris flow → temporary river blockage → sudden release → flood and debris surge The key correction from Adrien Gilbert (CNRS) The first movement may not have been the glacier snapping off on its own. Gilbert argues it began as a massive rock slide of several million m³ that dragged glacial ice with it. “The glacier collapsed” is therefore incomplete. The glacier was sitting on a mountainside that failed. The most striking figures so far • Mobilized volume: preliminary 50–100 million m³ • Mass equivalent: ~125–270 million tonnes if the density is mostly rock • Vertical drop: about 1.2–1.3 km • Seismic equivalent: M5.2 (not a fault-rupture quake) • Flow speed: about 50 m/s (~180 km/h) — Chinese geologist Guo Zhaocheng • Debris-flow length: more than 20 km • Downstream impact: up to about 100 km • Extra water reported at Devghat: an early technical estimate of ~20 million m³ (needs a cited source) This is not over Two landslide-dammed lakes have formed. The lake on the Chinese side is reported at about 2 million m³, with roughly 3 million m³ more water expected to enter the system in the coming days. Another surge remains possible. #Himalayas #Nepal #Tibet #FlashFlood #Earthquake #NaturalDisaster #flood #自然災害 #ネパール #बाढ़ #भूकंप #尼泊尔 #西
0:38

What happened above❓ 🛘A Chinese photographer captured the mountain collapse that set off the Nepal–Tibet disaster.🇳🇵 👇New information The exact volume is still being calculated from satellite data. The strongest working estimate puts the combined rock, ice and debris at roughly 50–100 million m³. If most of that material were rock and soil at about 2.5–2.7 tonnes per m³: • 50 million m³ → about 125–135 million tonnes • 100 million m³ → about 250–270 million tonnes So a rock–ice–debris mass on the order of 125–270 million tonnes may have moved. If much of it was ice, the tonnage would be lower. What the USGS says This was not a tectonic magnitude 5.2 earthquake. A huge mass movement — rock and glacier collapse, then a debris flow — produced a seismic signal equivalent to M5.2. That signal was the collapse. The likely chain: rock/ice collapse → debris flow → temporary river blockage → sudden release → flood and debris surge The key correction from Adrien Gilbert (CNRS) The first movement may not have been the glacier snapping off on its own. Gilbert argues it began as a massive rock slide of several million m³ that dragged glacial ice with it. “The glacier collapsed” is therefore incomplete. The glacier was sitting on a mountainside that failed. The most striking figures so far • Mobilized volume: preliminary 50–100 million m³ • Mass equivalent: ~125–270 million tonnes if the density is mostly rock • Vertical drop: about 1.2–1.3 km • Seismic equivalent: M5.2 (not a fault-rupture quake) • Flow speed: about 50 m/s (~180 km/h) — Chinese geologist Guo Zhaocheng • Debris-flow length: more than 20 km • Downstream impact: up to about 100 km • Extra water reported at Devghat: an early technical estimate of ~20 million m³ (needs a cited source) This is not over Two landslide-dammed lakes have formed. The lake on the Chinese side is reported at about 2 million m³, with roughly 3 million m³ more water expected to enter the system in the coming days. Another surge remains possible. #Himalayas #Nepal #Tibet #FlashFlood #Earthquake #NaturalDisaster #flood #自然災害 #ネパール #बाढ़ #भूकंप #尼泊尔 #西

Jeo Albant

12,674 views • 1 month ago

🔥STRATEGY WILL BE THE WORLD'S MOST VALUABLE COMPANY - BITCOIN WILL FLIP GOLD🔥 Think Bitcoin is going to eventually flip gold as the world's #1 asset? In that case, you should be bullish on $MSTR! NAPKIN MATH: Let's make it simple with 20 million circulating BTC and gold also sees some inflows so it's $40T by the time the BTC flippening of gold happens. $40T / 20 million = $2 million per Bitcoin. When does this happen? No idea. Let's say it happens in 2038. Let's say zero MSTR mNAV expansion. Zero new Bitcoin acquired. They pay 12% on STRC until then. Dividends paid with MSTR issuance. They pay 0.55% on their debt and it never goes away (lol). RESULT: Bitcoin goes from $62,875 to $2 million. BTC return: 31.81x MSTR goes from $93.28 to approximately $4,253. MSTR return: 45.60x Again: Zero new Bitcoin acquired. Zero mNAV expansion. The preferreds remain outstanding. The debt remains outstanding. MSTR spends approximately $22.7 billion servicing STRC dividends and debt interest over the 12 years, entirely through common-stock issuance. And MSTR still outperforms Bitcoin. HOW DOES THAT HAPPEN? At the beginning, MSTR’s net senior claims equal approximately 292,251 BTC. At $2 million per Bitcoin, those exact same dollar claims equal only 9,188 BTC. The liabilities never disappear. They simply get beaten within an inch of their economic lives by the denominator. That releases approximately 283,064 BTC of residual value to the common equity without Strategy purchasing one additional sat. Common shareholders’ residual claim rises: 551,524 BTC → 834,587 BTC Paying 12 years of dividends and interest through MSTR issuance increases the share count by only: 384.6 million → 406.0 million Just 5.6% dilution. So CEBE per share rises: 143,404 sats → 205,562 sats That is 43.3% growth in claims-adjusted Bitcoin exposure per share while the gross Bitcoin treasury remains completely unchanged. The return equation becomes: 31.81x BTC appreciation × 1.433x CEBE-per-share growth × 1.00x mNAV change = 45.60x MSTR $10,000 invested in Bitcoin becomes approximately $318,000. $10,000 invested in MSTR becomes approximately. $456,000 MSTR creates roughly $138,000 of additional terminal wealth on the same $10,000 investment while buying zero additional Bitcoin. This is the part MSTR bears cannot process because their mental model of a capital structure is a shoebox with the word “DEBT” written on the lid in crayon. MSTR is not merely a static jar of Bitcoin. Common shareholders own the residual claim behind fixed-fiat liabilities wrapped around scarce collateral. As Bitcoin appreciates, those dollar liabilities consume fewer sats. The value released by that compression flows to common equity. At $2 million Bitcoin, the debt is still technically there. It just has the economic significance of a parking ticket taped to an aircraft carrier. The Bitcoin flippening would not merely dethrone gold. It would turn MSTR’s capital structure into a 12 year public execution of the dollar denominator:
0:30

🔥STRATEGY WILL BE THE WORLD'S MOST VALUABLE COMPANY - BITCOIN WILL FLIP GOLD🔥 Think Bitcoin is going to eventually flip gold as the world's #1 asset? In that case, you should be bullish on $MSTR! NAPKIN MATH: Let's make it simple with 20 million circulating BTC and gold also sees some inflows so it's $40T by the time the BTC flippening of gold happens. $40T / 20 million = $2 million per Bitcoin. When does this happen? No idea. Let's say it happens in 2038. Let's say zero MSTR mNAV expansion. Zero new Bitcoin acquired. They pay 12% on STRC until then. Dividends paid with MSTR issuance. They pay 0.55% on their debt and it never goes away (lol). RESULT: Bitcoin goes from $62,875 to $2 million. BTC return: 31.81x MSTR goes from $93.28 to approximately $4,253. MSTR return: 45.60x Again: Zero new Bitcoin acquired. Zero mNAV expansion. The preferreds remain outstanding. The debt remains outstanding. MSTR spends approximately $22.7 billion servicing STRC dividends and debt interest over the 12 years, entirely through common-stock issuance. And MSTR still outperforms Bitcoin. HOW DOES THAT HAPPEN? At the beginning, MSTR’s net senior claims equal approximately 292,251 BTC. At $2 million per Bitcoin, those exact same dollar claims equal only 9,188 BTC. The liabilities never disappear. They simply get beaten within an inch of their economic lives by the denominator. That releases approximately 283,064 BTC of residual value to the common equity without Strategy purchasing one additional sat. Common shareholders’ residual claim rises: 551,524 BTC → 834,587 BTC Paying 12 years of dividends and interest through MSTR issuance increases the share count by only: 384.6 million → 406.0 million Just 5.6% dilution. So CEBE per share rises: 143,404 sats → 205,562 sats That is 43.3% growth in claims-adjusted Bitcoin exposure per share while the gross Bitcoin treasury remains completely unchanged. The return equation becomes: 31.81x BTC appreciation × 1.433x CEBE-per-share growth × 1.00x mNAV change = 45.60x MSTR $10,000 invested in Bitcoin becomes approximately $318,000. $10,000 invested in MSTR becomes approximately. $456,000 MSTR creates roughly $138,000 of additional terminal wealth on the same $10,000 investment while buying zero additional Bitcoin. This is the part MSTR bears cannot process because their mental model of a capital structure is a shoebox with the word “DEBT” written on the lid in crayon. MSTR is not merely a static jar of Bitcoin. Common shareholders own the residual claim behind fixed-fiat liabilities wrapped around scarce collateral. As Bitcoin appreciates, those dollar liabilities consume fewer sats. The value released by that compression flows to common equity. At $2 million Bitcoin, the debt is still technically there. It just has the economic significance of a parking ticket taped to an aircraft carrier. The Bitcoin flippening would not merely dethrone gold. It would turn MSTR’s capital structure into a 12 year public execution of the dollar denominator:

Adam Livingston

24,380 views • 2 months ago

Quality Learning Center in Minneapolis has a documented history of compliance problems with the Minnesota Department of Human Services. State licensing records show the center accumulated approximately 95 violations between 2019 and 2023, including failures to keep hazardous items away from children and missing or incomplete records for dozens of children. The facility was placed on a conditional license in 2022 due to ongoing safety and administrative deficiencies. These were not isolated paperwork mistakes but repeated findings over multiple inspections, indicating persistent problems with compliance, supervision, and documentation while the center continued operating. At the same time, public reporting indicates the center received millions of dollars in taxpayer funded child care subsidies, primarily through Minnesota’s Child Care Assistance Program, which is funded jointly by the federal government and the state. Investigative outlets have reported that Quality Learning Center may have received as much as $7 to $8 million in federal and state child care assistance since 2019. These funds are not grants issued upfront. They are reimbursements paid per child, per day or per hour, based on enrollment and attendance records submitted by the provider. Accurate documentation is a core requirement for receiving these payments. When the funding totals are compared to standard reimbursement rates, the numbers become difficult to reconcile. Even using a generous average of $20,000 per child per year, which assumes near maximum rates and full time attendance, a center would need roughly 95 to 100 fully subsidized children enrolled every year to generate around $2 million annually. To reach totals in the range of $7 to $8 million over several years, the daycare would need to operate near its licensed capacity almost continuously with high attendance and flawless billing. Any drop in enrollment, part time attendance, or documentation errors would significantly reduce payments. I have never heard of a daycare that is open from 2 PM to 10 PM only four days a week. Here’s the problem I’m having, even if they are open those hours, the fact that you just admitted to having 20 kids dropped off is tantamount to admitting to fraud because they would need 100 kids at least if not more to be enrolled every single minute that they are open, and I still am pretty sure the math would not add up.
2:59

Quality Learning Center in Minneapolis has a documented history of compliance problems with the Minnesota Department of Human Services. State licensing records show the center accumulated approximately 95 violations between 2019 and 2023, including failures to keep hazardous items away from children and missing or incomplete records for dozens of children. The facility was placed on a conditional license in 2022 due to ongoing safety and administrative deficiencies. These were not isolated paperwork mistakes but repeated findings over multiple inspections, indicating persistent problems with compliance, supervision, and documentation while the center continued operating. At the same time, public reporting indicates the center received millions of dollars in taxpayer funded child care subsidies, primarily through Minnesota’s Child Care Assistance Program, which is funded jointly by the federal government and the state. Investigative outlets have reported that Quality Learning Center may have received as much as $7 to $8 million in federal and state child care assistance since 2019. These funds are not grants issued upfront. They are reimbursements paid per child, per day or per hour, based on enrollment and attendance records submitted by the provider. Accurate documentation is a core requirement for receiving these payments. When the funding totals are compared to standard reimbursement rates, the numbers become difficult to reconcile. Even using a generous average of $20,000 per child per year, which assumes near maximum rates and full time attendance, a center would need roughly 95 to 100 fully subsidized children enrolled every year to generate around $2 million annually. To reach totals in the range of $7 to $8 million over several years, the daycare would need to operate near its licensed capacity almost continuously with high attendance and flawless billing. Any drop in enrollment, part time attendance, or documentation errors would significantly reduce payments. I have never heard of a daycare that is open from 2 PM to 10 PM only four days a week. Here’s the problem I’m having, even if they are open those hours, the fact that you just admitted to having 20 kids dropped off is tantamount to admitting to fraud because they would need 100 kids at least if not more to be enrolled every single minute that they are open, and I still am pretty sure the math would not add up.

Insurrection Barbie

18,229 views • 9 months ago

🚀 To Strike Israel from Iran: What a Missile Must Survive (and What It Costs) After decades of planning, $30+ billion spent, 13 integrated missile defense systems-including U.S. CENTCOM assets, NATO-linked radar, and space-based infrared-Israel was still caught off guard by a few missiles hitting old apartments buildings? Iranian missile aiming for Israel has to bypass these systems; 🛰️ TIER 1 — Detection & Tracking (3 systems) ➟ SBIRS (U.S. satellites) Global heat-signature detection within seconds. Real-time cue to all allied defenses. 💰 $19+ billion U.S. program cost since inception ➟ DSP (Defense Support Program) Cold War legacy satellites still supporting IR tracking. 💰 Originally over $15 billion (inflation-adjusted) ➟ Israeli OTH + Green Pine Radar Feeds targeting data to Arrow batteries with 900 km+ range. 💰 Each radar unit: $50–60 million 🛡️ TIER 2 — Strategic Interceptors (4 systems) ➟ Arrow 3 – Hits warheads in space (exo-atmospheric) 💰 $3 million+ per interceptor, $2.2 billion+ development cost ➟ Arrow 2 – Hits during reentry (endo-atmospheric) 💰 Interceptor: $2–2.5 million each 💰 Co-developed with U.S.: ~$1 billion+ in U.S. aid ➟ Aegis BMD (U.S. Navy) – Sea-based SM-3 interceptors 💰 Ship cost: $1.7 billion+ per vessel 💰 Each SM-3 missile: $12–18 million ➟ THAAD – U.S. high-altitude regional defense 💰 Battery: $800 million 💰 Interceptor: $11–13 million each 🎯 These are built to stop Shahab, Sejjil, Ghadr, and Emad-type MRBMs. 🧨 TIER 3 — Close-In Defenses (6 systems) ➟ David’s Sling – Intercepts mid-range & cruise 💰 Each missile: $1 million+ 💰 System dev cost: $1.7 billion+ ➟ Patriot PAC-3 – Ballistic & air threats 💰 Each interceptor: $4–5 million 💰 Battery: $1.1 billion+ ➟ Iron Dome – For short-range rockets & drones 💰 Missile: $40,000–100,000 💰 Full system: $50–70 million per battery 💰 Over $3 billion in U.S. funding to date ➟ Barak-8 – Naval-based interceptor 💰 Missile: $1.5–2 million+ ➟ Sky Dew – Airborne blimp radar 💰 Development: ~$300–400 million range 💰 Experimental, high-maintenance ➟ C-RAM (U.S. Army) – Close-range base defense 💰 ~$15–20 million per setup 💰 Fires 20–30 rounds per second with high cost-per-use Soooooo ➟ Iran must beat $20–30+ billion in integrated defensive infrastructure ➟ That includes: ➟ 3 global detection systems ➟ 4 intercept layers (exo, reentry, mid, terminal) ➟ 6 tactical kill nets surrounding every target zone ➟ Every shot they take faces a defense architecture that costs more than some countries’ entire GDP Also—why isn’t Israel’s automated Red Alert system going off?
0:26

🚀 To Strike Israel from Iran: What a Missile Must Survive (and What It Costs) After decades of planning, $30+ billion spent, 13 integrated missile defense systems-including U.S. CENTCOM assets, NATO-linked radar, and space-based infrared-Israel was still caught off guard by a few missiles hitting old apartments buildings? Iranian missile aiming for Israel has to bypass these systems; 🛰️ TIER 1 — Detection & Tracking (3 systems) ➟ SBIRS (U.S. satellites) Global heat-signature detection within seconds. Real-time cue to all allied defenses. 💰 $19+ billion U.S. program cost since inception ➟ DSP (Defense Support Program) Cold War legacy satellites still supporting IR tracking. 💰 Originally over $15 billion (inflation-adjusted) ➟ Israeli OTH + Green Pine Radar Feeds targeting data to Arrow batteries with 900 km+ range. 💰 Each radar unit: $50–60 million 🛡️ TIER 2 — Strategic Interceptors (4 systems) ➟ Arrow 3 – Hits warheads in space (exo-atmospheric) 💰 $3 million+ per interceptor, $2.2 billion+ development cost ➟ Arrow 2 – Hits during reentry (endo-atmospheric) 💰 Interceptor: $2–2.5 million each 💰 Co-developed with U.S.: ~$1 billion+ in U.S. aid ➟ Aegis BMD (U.S. Navy) – Sea-based SM-3 interceptors 💰 Ship cost: $1.7 billion+ per vessel 💰 Each SM-3 missile: $12–18 million ➟ THAAD – U.S. high-altitude regional defense 💰 Battery: $800 million 💰 Interceptor: $11–13 million each 🎯 These are built to stop Shahab, Sejjil, Ghadr, and Emad-type MRBMs. 🧨 TIER 3 — Close-In Defenses (6 systems) ➟ David’s Sling – Intercepts mid-range & cruise 💰 Each missile: $1 million+ 💰 System dev cost: $1.7 billion+ ➟ Patriot PAC-3 – Ballistic & air threats 💰 Each interceptor: $4–5 million 💰 Battery: $1.1 billion+ ➟ Iron Dome – For short-range rockets & drones 💰 Missile: $40,000–100,000 💰 Full system: $50–70 million per battery 💰 Over $3 billion in U.S. funding to date ➟ Barak-8 – Naval-based interceptor 💰 Missile: $1.5–2 million+ ➟ Sky Dew – Airborne blimp radar 💰 Development: ~$300–400 million range 💰 Experimental, high-maintenance ➟ C-RAM (U.S. Army) – Close-range base defense 💰 ~$15–20 million per setup 💰 Fires 20–30 rounds per second with high cost-per-use Soooooo ➟ Iran must beat $20–30+ billion in integrated defensive infrastructure ➟ That includes: ➟ 3 global detection systems ➟ 4 intercept layers (exo, reentry, mid, terminal) ➟ 6 tactical kill nets surrounding every target zone ➟ Every shot they take faces a defense architecture that costs more than some countries’ entire GDP Also—why isn’t Israel’s automated Red Alert system going off?

Morgan

14,342 views • 1 year ago

In 2008, Leah Solivan 🇵🇷/🇺🇸 pitched every VC in Boston with an idea called TaskRabbit. Every one of them passed. So she bootstrapped it herself for 18 months, running the whole thing out of her apartment. She was the first engineer and the first task runner all the way through. The company grew, and IKEA eventually bought it for over $100 million+. Now she runs her own fund, Precedent VC, and she's built it as the exact opposite of the system that rejected her back in 2008. Cold decks get scored on the same rubric as warm intros. If a deal scores high, the founder is on the phone within six hours. The full arc from bootstrapping alone in Boston to running her own fund and writing a book about it is in the new episode of The Luba Show. Timestamps 00:00 Trailer 01:12 Intro 01:21 Ballet background and SF Ballet board 06:12 TaskRabbit's origin story 10:52 Move to the Bay Area 23:00 Selling TaskRabbit to IKEA 33:03 Letting go of founder identity 35:37 Launching Precedent VC 38:26 AI-powered deal scoring system 41:26 Investing philosophy and founder fit 54:30 Founder green and red flags 58:26 Why she wrote Breaking Precedent 01:07:12 Parenting and work-life balance 01:10:46 Defining success 01:12:20 Outro Loved talking to Leah! Episode available on all platforms.
1:12:47

In 2008, Leah Solivan 🇵🇷/🇺🇸 pitched every VC in Boston with an idea called TaskRabbit. Every one of them passed. So she bootstrapped it herself for 18 months, running the whole thing out of her apartment. She was the first engineer and the first task runner all the way through. The company grew, and IKEA eventually bought it for over $100 million+. Now she runs her own fund, Precedent VC, and she's built it as the exact opposite of the system that rejected her back in 2008. Cold decks get scored on the same rubric as warm intros. If a deal scores high, the founder is on the phone within six hours. The full arc from bootstrapping alone in Boston to running her own fund and writing a book about it is in the new episode of The Luba Show. Timestamps 00:00 Trailer 01:12 Intro 01:21 Ballet background and SF Ballet board 06:12 TaskRabbit's origin story 10:52 Move to the Bay Area 23:00 Selling TaskRabbit to IKEA 33:03 Letting go of founder identity 35:37 Launching Precedent VC 38:26 AI-powered deal scoring system 41:26 Investing philosophy and founder fit 54:30 Founder green and red flags 58:26 Why she wrote Breaking Precedent 01:07:12 Parenting and work-life balance 01:10:46 Defining success 01:12:20 Outro Loved talking to Leah! Episode available on all platforms.

luba yudasina

12,983 views • 3 months ago

You want to talk about the greatest military coalition since the Second World War? Fine. In 1990 and 1991, Operation Desert Storm assembled 35 nations and around 700,000 troops to push Iraq out of Kuwait. It was overwhelming, it was brutal, and it was over in 100 hours of ground combat. The target was an army in the open desert with nowhere to hide. It worked. Then in 2003, a considerably smaller force went into Iraq. Roughly 170,000 to 200,000 troops at the start. Baghdad fell quickly. The regime collapsed. And then the real war began. No plan for what came after. You know how that ended. Iran is not Iraq. Iran is not anything the Western military imagination has seriously war-gamed at full scale. It is 1.65 million square kilometres of mountains, desert, and deeply motivated people who have spent two decades watching what happened next door and taking notes. Nearly four times the size of Iraq. Roughly three and a half times the population Iraq had in 2003. Close to ninety million people. A coastline stretching 2,400 kilometres along the one waterway that keeps the global economy breathing. Now let’s do the maths. Iraq in 2003 went in with around 200,000 troops and still collapsed into a long insurgency. Military doctrine for stabilising a country under those conditions often points to force ratios on the order of 20 to 25 soldiers per 1,000 inhabitants. Apply that to Iran’s population and you are no longer talking about hundreds of thousands. You are well into the range of 1.5 to 2 million troops. That is larger than the active US military. Even with reserves, you are talking about a scale that requires a coalition the world has not assembled in decades. Not for a war like this. Not for terrain like this. Not for a population like this. You want regime change? Fine. Tell me the plan. Not the air campaign. The actual plan. The one where you physically remove a government, secure nuclear infrastructure across a country the size of Western Europe, and keep the Strait of Hormuz open while doing it. That plan requires a force nobody has built, a coalition nobody is forming, and a political will that burned out somewhere between Fallujah and the Green Zone. Europe will not come. The Gulf states want Iran contained, not a land war on their doorstep. And the US military, by its own structure, is not designed for a prolonged occupation of a country this large, this complex, and this hostile. Desert Storm was a masterpiece. Iraq 2003 was a lesson. Iran would be something else entirely. Stay connected, Follow Gandalv Gandalv
1:00

You want to talk about the greatest military coalition since the Second World War? Fine. In 1990 and 1991, Operation Desert Storm assembled 35 nations and around 700,000 troops to push Iraq out of Kuwait. It was overwhelming, it was brutal, and it was over in 100 hours of ground combat. The target was an army in the open desert with nowhere to hide. It worked. Then in 2003, a considerably smaller force went into Iraq. Roughly 170,000 to 200,000 troops at the start. Baghdad fell quickly. The regime collapsed. And then the real war began. No plan for what came after. You know how that ended. Iran is not Iraq. Iran is not anything the Western military imagination has seriously war-gamed at full scale. It is 1.65 million square kilometres of mountains, desert, and deeply motivated people who have spent two decades watching what happened next door and taking notes. Nearly four times the size of Iraq. Roughly three and a half times the population Iraq had in 2003. Close to ninety million people. A coastline stretching 2,400 kilometres along the one waterway that keeps the global economy breathing. Now let’s do the maths. Iraq in 2003 went in with around 200,000 troops and still collapsed into a long insurgency. Military doctrine for stabilising a country under those conditions often points to force ratios on the order of 20 to 25 soldiers per 1,000 inhabitants. Apply that to Iran’s population and you are no longer talking about hundreds of thousands. You are well into the range of 1.5 to 2 million troops. That is larger than the active US military. Even with reserves, you are talking about a scale that requires a coalition the world has not assembled in decades. Not for a war like this. Not for terrain like this. Not for a population like this. You want regime change? Fine. Tell me the plan. Not the air campaign. The actual plan. The one where you physically remove a government, secure nuclear infrastructure across a country the size of Western Europe, and keep the Strait of Hormuz open while doing it. That plan requires a force nobody has built, a coalition nobody is forming, and a political will that burned out somewhere between Fallujah and the Green Zone. Europe will not come. The Gulf states want Iran contained, not a land war on their doorstep. And the US military, by its own structure, is not designed for a prolonged occupation of a country this large, this complex, and this hostile. Desert Storm was a masterpiece. Iraq 2003 was a lesson. Iran would be something else entirely. Stay connected, Follow Gandalv Gandalv

Gandalv

28,583 views • 6 months ago

Elon Musk just explained why the SpaceX IPO is an energy story and the energy constraint is why he believes space becomes the only viable path for AI to scale (Save this). The argument he is making is one of the most important and least understood things happening in technology right now. The United States currently consumes roughly 500 gigawatts of electricity on average. To double that capacity which is what continued AI expansion on the current terrestrial trajectory would eventually require would mean building as many power plants as currently exist in the entire country. He is not arguing that this is technically impossible, just that communities are not willing to accept it, that permitting timelines make it unrealistic, and that the hard ceiling on Earth based power generation means the expansion of AI compute will eventually hit a wall that no amount of capital can overcome on the ground. His observation is that in space, that wall does not exist. A solar panel in orbit produces roughly five times more power than the same panel on Earth, operates in continuous sunlight uninterrupted by weather or nighttime, and benefits from the vacuum of space as a completely passive cooling system meaning the two largest operating costs of any terrestrial data center, energy and cooling, are effectively eliminated. He then said that you could theoretically increase harnessed energy by a factor of one million and still be using less than a millionth of the sun's total energy output. This is the underlying physics of why SpaceX filed with the FCC to launch up to one million solar powered AI satellites, and why they described that constellation in their own filing as a first step toward becoming a Kardashev Type II civilization capable of harnessing the full power of the sun. To understand what makes this credible rather than visionary, you need to understand what SpaceX already controls that no other company on earth possesses. Starship, once operating at full cadence, can deliver 100 to 150 tons of payload to orbit per launch, at a target cost per kilogram that is an order of magnitude lower than any existing vehicle. Musk's stated ambition is to scale Starship to 10,000 to 30,000 launches per year, a frequency that would allow the deployment of orbital compute infrastructure at a pace that is currently unimaginable with any existing rocket. He told xAI staff earlier this year that achieving space-based AI at scale will eventually require manufacturing facilities on the moon, building solar panels and heat dissipation structures from lunar silicon and aluminum, and launching them into orbit from there rather than from Earth's surface because the moon's lower gravity makes the economics of launch dramatically more favorable. SpaceX's S-1 filing explicitly states that its launch capabilities could enable massive AI compute satellite constellations with the potential for millions of satellites for orbital data centers, with the first launch potentially occurring as soon as 2028. Google and Alphabet are already in advanced talks with SpaceX about deploying space-based data centers. Starcloud, a startup running Nvidia H100 GPUs in orbit, has already validated that high-performance AI inference workloads can operate in space, with plans to scale to five gigawatts of orbital compute power by 2035. This is why Musk believes the cost crossover happens in two to three years because SpaceX's launch cost trajectory intersects with the accelerating energy constraint on the ground in a way that makes space genuinely cheaper, faster, and less regulated at exactly the moment AI demand is hitting its hardest physical limits.
1:01

Elon Musk just explained why the SpaceX IPO is an energy story and the energy constraint is why he believes space becomes the only viable path for AI to scale (Save this). The argument he is making is one of the most important and least understood things happening in technology right now. The United States currently consumes roughly 500 gigawatts of electricity on average. To double that capacity which is what continued AI expansion on the current terrestrial trajectory would eventually require would mean building as many power plants as currently exist in the entire country. He is not arguing that this is technically impossible, just that communities are not willing to accept it, that permitting timelines make it unrealistic, and that the hard ceiling on Earth based power generation means the expansion of AI compute will eventually hit a wall that no amount of capital can overcome on the ground. His observation is that in space, that wall does not exist. A solar panel in orbit produces roughly five times more power than the same panel on Earth, operates in continuous sunlight uninterrupted by weather or nighttime, and benefits from the vacuum of space as a completely passive cooling system meaning the two largest operating costs of any terrestrial data center, energy and cooling, are effectively eliminated. He then said that you could theoretically increase harnessed energy by a factor of one million and still be using less than a millionth of the sun's total energy output. This is the underlying physics of why SpaceX filed with the FCC to launch up to one million solar powered AI satellites, and why they described that constellation in their own filing as a first step toward becoming a Kardashev Type II civilization capable of harnessing the full power of the sun. To understand what makes this credible rather than visionary, you need to understand what SpaceX already controls that no other company on earth possesses. Starship, once operating at full cadence, can deliver 100 to 150 tons of payload to orbit per launch, at a target cost per kilogram that is an order of magnitude lower than any existing vehicle. Musk's stated ambition is to scale Starship to 10,000 to 30,000 launches per year, a frequency that would allow the deployment of orbital compute infrastructure at a pace that is currently unimaginable with any existing rocket. He told xAI staff earlier this year that achieving space-based AI at scale will eventually require manufacturing facilities on the moon, building solar panels and heat dissipation structures from lunar silicon and aluminum, and launching them into orbit from there rather than from Earth's surface because the moon's lower gravity makes the economics of launch dramatically more favorable. SpaceX's S-1 filing explicitly states that its launch capabilities could enable massive AI compute satellite constellations with the potential for millions of satellites for orbital data centers, with the first launch potentially occurring as soon as 2028. Google and Alphabet are already in advanced talks with SpaceX about deploying space-based data centers. Starcloud, a startup running Nvidia H100 GPUs in orbit, has already validated that high-performance AI inference workloads can operate in space, with plans to scale to five gigawatts of orbital compute power by 2035. This is why Musk believes the cost crossover happens in two to three years because SpaceX's launch cost trajectory intersects with the accelerating energy constraint on the ground in a way that makes space genuinely cheaper, faster, and less regulated at exactly the moment AI demand is hitting its hardest physical limits.

Milk Road AI

12,738 views • 4 months ago

Yesterday, I posted about a capsule that is having a bumper sale in Punjab, with estimated sales around 15-20 crores daily. In this viral video from the Sangrur (Area of CM Bhagwant Mann ) a youth in a Thar was seen having multiple accidents, about 3-4 times. People found these pregabalin capsules (also known as "Signature capsules") in his pocket. Just look at the condition of this youth. These capsules contain Pregabalin 300 mg. From school-going kids to young adults, many are consuming them on a large scale, with some even taking 1-2-3 strips per day. These capsules are easily available in shops, and even a few confectioners and street vendors are selling them alongside chemist shops. This drug is banned without a prescription but does not come under the NDPS Act. I haven't seen any concrete action by the government to stop this highly consumable drug among kids and young adults. Kids are consuming it with soft drinks like Coke and Sting. I am certain that the sale of such drugs along with Chitta/Heroin, has skyrocketed since the government of CM Bhagwant Mann came to power ironically, the very government that promised to stop drug abuse. This is the reality of the promises made by Arvind Kejriwal and AAP . I feel deeply saddened for our youth. #Punjab #Drugs #Chitta #Pregabalin
1:36

Yesterday, I posted about a capsule that is having a bumper sale in Punjab, with estimated sales around 15-20 crores daily. In this viral video from the Sangrur (Area of CM Bhagwant Mann ) a youth in a Thar was seen having multiple accidents, about 3-4 times. People found these pregabalin capsules (also known as "Signature capsules") in his pocket. Just look at the condition of this youth. These capsules contain Pregabalin 300 mg. From school-going kids to young adults, many are consuming them on a large scale, with some even taking 1-2-3 strips per day. These capsules are easily available in shops, and even a few confectioners and street vendors are selling them alongside chemist shops. This drug is banned without a prescription but does not come under the NDPS Act. I haven't seen any concrete action by the government to stop this highly consumable drug among kids and young adults. Kids are consuming it with soft drinks like Coke and Sting. I am certain that the sale of such drugs along with Chitta/Heroin, has skyrocketed since the government of CM Bhagwant Mann came to power ironically, the very government that promised to stop drug abuse. This is the reality of the promises made by Arvind Kejriwal and AAP . I feel deeply saddened for our youth. #Punjab #Drugs #Chitta #Pregabalin

Manik Goyal

149,047 views • 2 years ago

A small oasis of hope and regeneration in the arid landscape of Rajasthan, nurtured with sheer determination of the local community, has emerged as a replicable model for fighting desertification and infusing life to a dying earth. Hon’ble Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi, on 14 June 2021, declared India’s commitment to Land Degradation Neutrality, aiming to restore 26 million hectares of degraded land by 2030. Inspired by his clarion call, I, then serving as Chairperson, Khadi & Village Industries Commission (KVIC), started an exercise that would go on to simultaneously achieve de-desertification, reclamation and restoration. When I first visited Nichla Mandwa village in Udaipur District of Rajasthan in the last week of June 2021, for site selection, no one would have imagined that targeted efforts at greening and plantations, launched on 04.07.2021, would end up creating a whole new eco system of diverse flora and fauna in a barren landscape, within four years. The journey of this amazing transformation began with the villagers offering 25 acres of Gram Sabha land for rejuvenation. The transformation achieved thereafter, is a story of human resilience and ingenuity. KVIC & an Ahmedabad-based NGO “National Council for Civil Liberties” (NCCL) joined hands to prepare this land for mass plantation, with involvement of local Woman Sarpanch, MLA & the Member of Parliament (MP). About 5500 plants of various species - primarily Bamboo (Bambusa Tulda & Bambusa Polymorpha) brought in from Assam were planted on the location. Saplings of Guava, Papaya, Gooseberry (Amla), Mango, Moringa, etc. were also planted. A solar powered bore-well was dug to meet the watering needs. A defunct check-dam was repaired and innovative measures like use of mulching, by utilizing organic kitchen waste from nearby hotels, for strengthening plantation, were undertaken. A trench was dug around the entire periphery of the 25 acres land parcel, with the aim of not only storing rain water, but also keeping away stray animals from plants in their early growth cycle. A boundary wall was also constructed around the site, using the MPLAD Funds of the then area MP, Shri Arjun Lal Meena. Bamboos were specially chosen for their resilience, less water requirement and high water retention, that, in turn, helps raise water tables apart from emitting 30% more oxygen and providing a seal against UV Rays. Amla, Guava, Mango, Moringa - all fruiting trees were chosen to introduce new fauna - mammals, reptiles and arthropods, apart from enriching the floral diversity. I kept a watch on the transformation taking place, visiting the village twice thereafter and it was heartening to see squirrels, peacocks, chameleons, butterflies, dragonflies, grasshoppers and others teaming around the trees, on my visit to the restored site on 04.09.2025. The entire exercise was completed at a cost of just ₹5 Lakh. The aim was not only restoration & reclamation of degraded barren land, but also creating opportunities of livelihood & local employment. Bamboo provides raw material for cottage industries like Incense Sticks (Agarbatti), Kite and Furniture. Its availability in the vicinity, will enable such units to generate employment locally. This video is a tribute to vision of the Hon’ble PM. It is an exemplar of human imagination & community engagement. I hope that public spirited citizens of our country and government bodies will be inspired to take similar steps to heal Mother Earth. This is just a humble effort, a small token of gratitude to give back to nature, which nurtures humanity. Nichla Mandwa stands as a testimony of how a low-cost project can foster an eco-system that boosts scarce natural resources, enriches people’s lives & counters the larger threat of global warming. I hope this serves as a replicable model for healing vast degraded landscapes and create sustainable futures - not only for our country, but the entire Globe. Bhupender Yadav
3:37

A small oasis of hope and regeneration in the arid landscape of Rajasthan, nurtured with sheer determination of the local community, has emerged as a replicable model for fighting desertification and infusing life to a dying earth. Hon’ble Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi, on 14 June 2021, declared India’s commitment to Land Degradation Neutrality, aiming to restore 26 million hectares of degraded land by 2030. Inspired by his clarion call, I, then serving as Chairperson, Khadi & Village Industries Commission (KVIC), started an exercise that would go on to simultaneously achieve de-desertification, reclamation and restoration. When I first visited Nichla Mandwa village in Udaipur District of Rajasthan in the last week of June 2021, for site selection, no one would have imagined that targeted efforts at greening and plantations, launched on 04.07.2021, would end up creating a whole new eco system of diverse flora and fauna in a barren landscape, within four years. The journey of this amazing transformation began with the villagers offering 25 acres of Gram Sabha land for rejuvenation. The transformation achieved thereafter, is a story of human resilience and ingenuity. KVIC & an Ahmedabad-based NGO “National Council for Civil Liberties” (NCCL) joined hands to prepare this land for mass plantation, with involvement of local Woman Sarpanch, MLA & the Member of Parliament (MP). About 5500 plants of various species - primarily Bamboo (Bambusa Tulda & Bambusa Polymorpha) brought in from Assam were planted on the location. Saplings of Guava, Papaya, Gooseberry (Amla), Mango, Moringa, etc. were also planted. A solar powered bore-well was dug to meet the watering needs. A defunct check-dam was repaired and innovative measures like use of mulching, by utilizing organic kitchen waste from nearby hotels, for strengthening plantation, were undertaken. A trench was dug around the entire periphery of the 25 acres land parcel, with the aim of not only storing rain water, but also keeping away stray animals from plants in their early growth cycle. A boundary wall was also constructed around the site, using the MPLAD Funds of the then area MP, Shri Arjun Lal Meena. Bamboos were specially chosen for their resilience, less water requirement and high water retention, that, in turn, helps raise water tables apart from emitting 30% more oxygen and providing a seal against UV Rays. Amla, Guava, Mango, Moringa - all fruiting trees were chosen to introduce new fauna - mammals, reptiles and arthropods, apart from enriching the floral diversity. I kept a watch on the transformation taking place, visiting the village twice thereafter and it was heartening to see squirrels, peacocks, chameleons, butterflies, dragonflies, grasshoppers and others teaming around the trees, on my visit to the restored site on 04.09.2025. The entire exercise was completed at a cost of just ₹5 Lakh. The aim was not only restoration & reclamation of degraded barren land, but also creating opportunities of livelihood & local employment. Bamboo provides raw material for cottage industries like Incense Sticks (Agarbatti), Kite and Furniture. Its availability in the vicinity, will enable such units to generate employment locally. This video is a tribute to vision of the Hon’ble PM. It is an exemplar of human imagination & community engagement. I hope that public spirited citizens of our country and government bodies will be inspired to take similar steps to heal Mother Earth. This is just a humble effort, a small token of gratitude to give back to nature, which nurtures humanity. Nichla Mandwa stands as a testimony of how a low-cost project can foster an eco-system that boosts scarce natural resources, enriches people’s lives & counters the larger threat of global warming. I hope this serves as a replicable model for healing vast degraded landscapes and create sustainable futures - not only for our country, but the entire Globe. Bhupender Yadav

LG Delhi

86,697 views • 1 year ago