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This #FullDiskFriday, we’re showcasing Earth’s land surface temperatures (LSTs) captured by NOAA's #GOESEast (#GOES19) 🛰️ following a week of extreme heat. GOES-19 used infrared observations to measure LST, but clouds can block its view of the surface. Areas shown in gray indicate where temperature data was unavailable.

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Y'all see this swirl over the Mediterranean passing south of Benghazi? That's not a hurricane – it's a Medicane. Yes, that's a real term. The word is a portmanteau combining "Mediterranean" and "hurricane." The Mediterranean is too small to support barotropic (tropical cyclones) the scale of conventional hurricanes AND is too far north to support a truly tropical cyclone anyway. Moreover, water temperatures are too cool. (Most tropical cyclones exist over sea surface temperatures of 78 degrees or warmer; the current water temperature off the coast of Libya is about 63 degrees.) Medicanes can and occasionally do reach hurricane strength. The strongest on record was Medicane Ianos, which impacted Greece between September 17-18, 2020. It briefly became the equivalent of a tiny Category 2 hurricane with winds of 95 mph. On rare occasions, a nontropical low can meander over the Mediterranean, and a storm can form that takes on some tropical characteristics. Unlike nontropical cyclones, which are common at the mid-latitudes, medicanes feature a warm core. That requires warm sea surface temperatures. A 2016 study found that medicanes are likely to become significantly stronger by the end of the century in response to warming sea surface temperatures. Tthe researchers found a likelihood for "a higher number of moderate and violent medicanes.” Since 1980, Mediterranean sea surface temperatures have increased between 1 and 2 degrees.

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Big dawg El Niño coming this summer and fall! This is a bit science-y… but easy I promise. So follow along. You are looking at a vertical cross section of the tropical Pacific Ocean at the Equator with depth downward deep into the ocean. Left side is west near Asia. Right side is east near South America. It’s where we measure El Niño, the king control knob of the climate. One main way we know it’s coming is “subsurface heat”. See the dark red shades moving east under the surface and rising upward? That’s the El Niño developing! El Niño is a build up of hotter than normal water on the surface Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean. What’s cool (or hot) is that the water comes from the West Tropical Pacific. During cool La Niña years it’s like a piggy bank. The West Pacific hoards and stores the heat near Asia. Then every couple-few years that warm water sloshes back East. It first appears under the surface where we measure it. It surfaces in late spring and El Niño grows in Summer to fall. You can tell by the magnitude of warm subsurface water that this looks like a biggie! So how will it impact us? For one, it typically subdues Atlantic hurricane season. That doesn’t mean no storms - just less active than it would have otherwise been. Also it releases lots of Heat… so it super charges heat waves around the planet and floods too - it all tends to be more immense and intense. And you can bet Earth will experience its hottest days on record coming later 2026 into 2027. El Niño is one of the biggest climate forces on Earth and it has a profound impact on world-wide weather because of all the heat released into the atmosphere from the ocean.

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In the hellish furnace of Venus—where surface temperatures soar to ~460–470°C (860–880°F) and pressure crushes at about 92 times Earth's—the Soviet Venera 14 lander achieved something extraordinary: it not only survived long enough to operate but also captured one of the only direct audio recordings ever made on another planet.Launched in 1981 and touching down on March 5, 1982, Venera 14 endured for roughly 57 minutes on the scorched plains before succumbing to the extreme conditions. Among its suite of instruments was a microphone (part of the Groza-2 package, shared with a seismometer), designed primarily to detect atmospheric sounds, possible thunder-like electrical discharges, and mechanical operations.The resulting audio—transmitted back to Earth—includes eerie, low-frequency rumbles: the relentless howl of super-dense winds whipping across the surface (moving slowly but with immense force, equivalent to hurricane-strength gusts in our thinner air), mechanical thuds and whirs from the lander's own activities (like the explosive release of its camera lens cap and the grinding of its drill attempting to sample the basaltic rock), and subtle vibrations as the probe settled and strained under pressure.These are among the very first (and still among the only) sounds ever recorded from another world's surface—preceding even the wind sounds picked up by later missions like InSight on Mars or Dragonfly concepts. Venera 13 (which landed days earlier on March 1, 1982) also carried microphones and returned similar recordings, surviving longer at 127 minutes and capturing comparable wind and mechanical noises.The raw, noisy tapes have been cleaned up, enhanced, and widely shared over the decades—often layered over simulated landing visuals—giving listeners a haunting glimpse into Venus's alien soundscape: a constant, oppressive roar punctuated by artificial intrusions from humanity's brief other probe has returned surface audio from Venus since the Venera program ended in the early 1980s. Future missions like NASA's DAVINCI+ or ESA's EnVision may revisit the planet, but for now, these faint, crackling echoes remain a rare auditory relic from our solar system's most inhospitable world.Image credits: Soviet space program archives (Venera 14 lander illustrations and surface panoramas from the mission); enhanced audio visualizations and modern renderings of the Venusian surface.

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In the scorching heat of Rajasthan, where stepping out can feel unbearable, a native tree quietly offers relief. Locals call it Mithi Jal. Science calls it Salvadora oleoides. And many now call it a natural “desi AC.” With its dense, evergreen canopy, this hardy desert tree creates its own microclimate, with temperatures under its shade recorded to be up to 5–8°C cooler than the surroundings. In regions where water is scarce and electricity isn’t always reliable, this natural cooling isn’t just comfort, it’s survival. For generations, people and livestock have rested under its shade, finding relief in the middle of extreme heat. In a world racing to build climate solutions, Mithi Jal stands tall as a reminder: Some of the most powerful innovations don’t need to be invented, they need to be protected. Credits: Om Godara [om_rajasthani29 on IG] #ClimateSolutions #SustainableLiving #HiddenIndia Disclaimer: The reproduced video or photo content is used under the fair dealing provisions of Section 52(1)(B) of the Indian Copyright Act, 1957, which permits the use of copyrighted material for the purpose of reporting current events, teaching, research and news. Our sole objective is to inform the public, not to exploit the creator’s identity or content. We do not claim ownership of the material, full credit is attributed to the original creator or artist. Should you still wish to request the removal of the content, we’d be happy to assist you at [email protected] - The Better India

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🚨 SCIENTISTS JUST FOUND AN ANCIENT OCEAN FLOOR WRAPPED AROUND EARTH’S CORE. Using seismic waves recorded by stations buried in Antarctic ice, researchers have created the highest-resolution map yet of the boundary between Earth’s mantle and outer core nearly 3,000 km beneath our feet. They discovered thin but widespread patches of dense material that dramatically slow down seismic waves. The most likely explanation: these are fragments of ancient oceanic crust that sank into the deep mantle long ago and have been moved around by convection currents for hundreds of millions of years. In some places, these structures rise up to five times higher than Mount Everest. Why this matters: • It reveals that Earth’s deep interior is far more complex and dynamic than we thought • These patches likely influence how heat flows from the core into the mantle, which affects mantle convection and volcanic activity • They may also play a role in the behavior of Earth’s magnetic field, which is generated in the outer core • Understanding this boundary helps us better model how our planet has evolved over billions of years The deeper implication: We usually think of the deep Earth as relatively simple layers. This research shows that the core-mantle boundary is more like a rugged, geologically active landscape with ancient “mountains” made of recycled ocean floor. It’s a powerful reminder that Earth is a single, interconnected system what happens at the surface (like plate tectonics) can eventually end up reshaping the deepest parts of our planet, and vice versa. We’re still only beginning to map the true complexity hidden beneath our feet. How do you think discovering ancient ocean crust at the core-mantle boundary changes the way we should think about Earth’s internal dynamics? Follow for more frontier Earth science and discoveries about our planet’s hidden interior.

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🚨 SOUTH KOREAN SCIENTISTS JUST CREATED HOLLOW SILICON NANOTUBES THAT TRAP HEAT AND TURN WASTE ENERGY INTO ELECTRICITY. Researchers at POSTECH have developed a new hollow silicon nanotube structure that dramatically reduces thermal conductivity. By turning solid nanowires into microscopic pipes, they trapped heat-carrying particles (phonons) inside the tubes, cutting thermal conductivity by 70% compared to solid wires. Even when both structures had the same surface area, the hollow nanotubes still ran 33% cooler. This phonon localization effect previously thought to require extreme cold or exotic materials was achieved at near-room temperature using simple silicon nanotubes. Why this matters: • Waste heat from data centers, EV batteries, factories, and electronics is currently lost this could capture and convert it into usable electricity • The technology uses abundant, cheap silicon instead of rare and expensive materials like bismuth and tellurium • It’s highly compatible with existing semiconductor manufacturing, making large-scale production more realistic • It solves a long-standing problem: silicon is great for chips but terrible for thermoelectric energy conversion The deeper implication: This breakthrough shows that clever nanoscale engineering can unlock new capabilities from ordinary materials. By controlling how heat moves at the atomic level, researchers are opening a path to more efficient energy recovery systems without relying on scarce resources. As AI and computing power keep growing, finding ways to recycle the massive amounts of waste heat they generate will become increasingly important. How significant do you think waste-heat recovery technologies like this could become in the next decade? Follow for more frontier materials science and energy innovation.

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