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Today, every Nomic-Embed-Text embedding becomes multimodal. Introducing Nomic-Embed-Vision: - a high quality, unified embedding space for image, text, and multimodal tasks - outperforms both OpenAI CLIP and text-embedding-3-small - open weights and code to enable indie hacking, research, and experimentation - released in collaboration with MongoDB, LlamaIndex 🦙, ,...

103,205 次观看 • 2 年前 •via X (Twitter)

11 条评论

Nomic AI 的头像
Nomic AI2 年前

Existing text-image embedding models, including OpenAI’s CLIP, dramatically underperform specialized text encoders on text retrieval tasks. This forces developers to deploy several embedding models and store several vector indices for multimodal applications. With Nomic-Embed-Vision, developers can use a single vector space to power both their text-text and text-image retrieval tasks.

Nomic AI 的头像
Nomic AI2 年前

We’ve been honored by the reception of Nomic-Embed-Text, which has grown into one of the most downloaded models on @huggingface. We designed Nomic-Embed-Vision to be compatible with Nomic-Embed-Text out of the box, making it easy for developers using Nomic-Embed-Text to extend their applications with multimodal features. Put simply, any vector created using Nomic-Embed-Text can be used to query vectors created by Nomic-Embed-Vision, and vice versa.

Nomic AI 的头像
Nomic AI2 年前

We are releasing Nomic-Embed-Vision under a CC-BY-NC-4.0 license. This will enable researchers and hackers to continue experimenting with our models, as well as enable Nomic to continue releasing great models in the future. As Nomic releases future models, we intend to apply Apache-2.0 licenses to the less recent models in our catalogue. You can download the model on @huggingface here!

Nomic AI 的头像
Nomic AI2 年前

We also worked with @LangChainAI and @llama_index to ensure day 1 compatibility with the model orchestration frameworks developers love:

Nomic AI 的头像
Nomic AI2 年前

If you want to use Nomic-Embed-Vision or Nomic-Embed-Text in production, we recommend using our @awscloud marketplace offering, and storing the vectors in a @MongoDB Atlas vector store:

Nomic AI 的头像
Nomic AI2 年前

You can also access the model through our python client and in our Nomic Embedding API.

Nomic AI 的头像
Nomic AI2 年前

To learn more about how we built Nomic-Embed-Vision, check out our blog post, and keep an eye out for our forthcoming technical report:

Nomic AI 的头像
Nomic AI2 年前

Nomic Embed was trained on @digitalocean compute, with early experiments made possible by a generous compute grant from @LambdaAPI.

andrew gao 的头像
andrew gao2 年前

I got early access and built this using Nomic-Embed-Vision! Check out a museum collection of 250,000 works of art!

txh 📟 的头像
txh 📟2 年前

@Teknium1 this is really cool, what can I use to visualize/plot the cluster after computing the embeddings?

Nomic AI 的头像
Nomic AI2 年前

@Teknium1 You can use

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[CLIP] by Hand ✍️ The CLIP (Contrastive Language–Image Pre-training) model, a groundbreaking work by OpenAI, redefines the intersection of computer vision and natural language processing. It is the basis of all the multi-modal foundation models we see today. How does CLIP work? Goal: 🟨 Learn a shared embedding space for text and image [1] Given ↳ A mini batch of 3 text-image pairs ↳ OpenAI used 400 million text-image pairs to train its original CLIP model. Process 1st pair: "big table" [2] 🟪 Text → 2 Vectors (3D) ↳ Look up word embedding vectors using word2vec. [3] 🟩 Image → 2 Vectors (4D) ↳ Divide the image into two patches. ↳ Flatten each patch [4] Process other pairs ↳ Repeat [2]-[3] [5] 🟪 Text Encoder & 🟩 Image Encoder ↳ Encode input vectors into feature vectors ↳ Here, both encoders are simple one layer perceptron (linear + ReLU) ↳ In practice, the encoders are usually transformer models. [6] 🟪 🟩 Mean Pooling: 2 → 1 vector ↳ Average 2 feature vectors into a single vector by averaging across the columns ↳ The goal is to have one vector to represent each image or text [7] 🟪 🟩 -> 🟨 Projection ↳ Note that the text and image feature vectors from the encoders have different dimensions (3D vs. 4D). ↳ Use a linear layer to project image and text vectors to a 2D shared embedding space. 🏋️ Contrastive Pre-training 🏋️ [8] Prepare for MatMul ↳ Copy text vectors (T1,T2,T3) ↳ Copy the transpose of image vectors (I1,I2,I3) ↳ They are all in the 2D shared embedding space. [9] 🟦 MatMul ↳ Multiply T and I matrices. ↳ This is equivalent to taking dot product between every pair of image and text vectors. ↳ The purpose is to use dot product to estimate the similarity between a pair of image-text. [10] 🟦 Softmax: e^x ↳ Raise e to the power of the number in each cell ↳ To simplify hand calculation, we approximate e^□ with 3^□. [11] 🟦 Softmax: ∑ ↳ Sum each row for 🟩 image→🟪 text ↳ Sum each column for 🟪 text→ 🟩 image [12] 🟦 Softmax: 1 / sum ↳ Divide each element by the column sum to obtain a similarity matrix for 🟪 text→🟩 image ↳ Divide each element by the row sum to obtain a similarity matrix for 🟩 image→🟪 text [13] 🟥 Loss Gradients ↳ The "Targets" for the similarity matrices are Identity Matrices. ↳ Why? If I and T come from the same pair (i=j), we want the highest value, which is 1, and 0 otherwise. ↳ Apply the simple equation of [Similarity - Target] to compute gradients of for both directions. ↳ Why so simple? Because when Softmax and Cross-Entropy Loss are used together, the math magically works out that way. ↳ These gradients kick off the backpropagation process to update weights and biases of the encoders and projection layers (red borders).

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Tencent Hy

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