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Wow. This is crazy. A developer trained an AI agent in simulation and deployed it onto a real robotic air hockey table using reinforcement learning. This robot can track the puck with millimeter-level accuracy and react in roughly 20 milliseconds, fast enough to challenge even skilled human players. We’re... show more

SciTech Era

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1,581,523 views • 14 days ago •via X (Twitter)

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Real → Sim → Robot — fast. With Gaussian splats, GRID brings physical assets into simulation tools like AirGen and NVIDIA Isaac Sim, enabling AI skills to be tested in sim and deployed to real robots in minutes. #Robotics #PhysicalAI #Simulation

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General Robotics

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TWIST: a real-time teleoperation system for humanoid robots to mimic whole-body motions. Reference motion data is generated by retargeting human motion-capture data to the robot. Then, the controller is trained in simulation using reinforcement learning and behavior cloning.

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The future of robotics isn’t being built in factories, it’s being trained in simulation MasterBOT’s proprietary AI model is learning in real-time, powered by reinforcement and continuous feedback loops This is how machines learn to think $BOT

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MasterBOT

51,156 views • 8 months ago

Researchers developed Hitter, a humanoid robot that can play table tennis in real-world settings. It was trained on the Unitree G1 robot to predict the ball’s path, choose the right shot, and react in less than a second. In tests, it achieved 106 consecutive shots with a human and even rallied with another humanoid robot.

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Space and Technology

25,681 views • 2 months ago

This is a neural network flying a drone at extremely high speed, beating human champions in FPV drone racing. - Reinforcement learning as a tool is so marvelously versatile. It's able to solve both fast, reactive tasks and slow, deliberate tasks (ChatGPT RLHF). - Trained in large-scale simulation, finetuned in real world - I believe this is the paradigm that will get us to generalist robot some day. Published on Nature's cover, "Champion-Level Drone Racing using Deep Reinforcement Learning." Authors: Elia Kaufmann, Leonard Bauersfeld, Antonio Loquercio, Matthias Müller, Vladlen Koltun & Davide Scaramuzza

This is a neural network flying a drone at extremely high speed, beating human champions in FPV drone racing. - Reinforcement learning as a tool is so marvelously versatile. It's able to solve both fast, reactive tasks and slow, deliberate tasks (ChatGPT RLHF). - Trained in large-scale simulation, finetuned in real world - I believe this is the paradigm that will get us to generalist robot some day. Published on Nature's cover, "Champion-Level Drone Racing using Deep Reinforcement Learning." Authors: Elia Kaufmann, Leonard Bauersfeld, Antonio Loquercio, Matthias Müller, Vladlen Koltun & Davide Scaramuzza

Jim Fan

598,499 views • 2 years ago

ELON: TESLA’S ROBOTS ARE MOVING FROM SIMULATIONS TO REALITY “For the robot, we’re going to need to build a lot of them and put them in an Optimus Academy so they can do self-play in reality and test different tasks. Tesla has quite a good, physics accurate, reality-generator, and we’re doing that for the robots. So you can do millions of robots in a simulated world, and then 10k in the real world to close the simulation to reality gap. Grok would orchestrate the behavior of the Optimus robots.” Source: Cheeky Pint Podcast, Elon Musk

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Mario Nawfal

19,289 views • 4 months ago

This robot learned to walk without ever actually walking in the real world Like in The Matrix (“I know Kung Fu”) it learned quickly just by SIMULATING walking. It practiced "in its head" Ok so what? Do you realize how suddenly our lil chatbots might go from blinking cursors to very real things? Some people assume that we’ll see robots in the real world slowly getting better over years or decades !BUT! if they can learn 10000x faster via simulation, they could they could blow our expectations out of the water. For example, an autonomous killer drone (like the ones already deployed in Ukraine) could get 1,000 years of aiming experience in 1 hour of human time. It would never miss. (More technically, this is a humanoid transformer that was trained with large-scale reinforcement learning in simulation. It was deployed to the real world zero-shot.)

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AI Notkilleveryoneism Memes ⏸️

128,995 views • 2 years ago

In order for robots to be deployed in the real world, performing tasks of real value, they must be reliable. Unfortunately, even more, most robotic demos work maybe 70-80% of the time at best. The way to get better reliability is to do real-world reinforcement learning: having the robot teach itself how to perform the task up to a high level of success. The key to doing this is to start with a core of expert human data, use that to train a policy then iteratively improve it, until finally finishing with on-policy reinforcement learning. Kun Lei talks through a unified framework for imitation and reinforcement learning based on PPO, which enables this improvement process. In this episode, Kun Lei explains the theory behind his reinforcement learning method and how it allowed his robot to run in a shopping mall juicing oranges for seven hours at a time, among experiments on a wide variety of tasks and embodiments. Watch episode 58 of RoboPapers now, hosted by Michael Cho - Rbt/Acc and Chris Paxton!

In order for robots to be deployed in the real world, performing tasks of real value, they must be reliable. Unfortunately, even more, most robotic demos work maybe 70-80% of the time at best. The way to get better reliability is to do real-world reinforcement learning: having the robot teach itself how to perform the task up to a high level of success. The key to doing this is to start with a core of expert human data, use that to train a policy then iteratively improve it, until finally finishing with on-policy reinforcement learning. Kun Lei talks through a unified framework for imitation and reinforcement learning based on PPO, which enables this improvement process. In this episode, Kun Lei explains the theory behind his reinforcement learning method and how it allowed his robot to run in a shopping mall juicing oranges for seven hours at a time, among experiments on a wide variety of tasks and embodiments. Watch episode 58 of RoboPapers now, hosted by Michael Cho - Rbt/Acc and Chris Paxton!

RoboPapers

18,541 views • 5 months ago

Using our brain simulator, we’ve trained a reinforcement learning agent to maximize bits per second. Here is the RL policy converting brain data to cursor control in simulation:

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Neuralink

18,410 views • 1 year ago

PsiBot,from Beijing,has launched the first VLA:Psi R1 combining reinforcement learning, showcasing agile operation in Mahjong scenarios. With millimeter-level precision, it achieves human-like dexterity in card flipping, grabbing, and organizing. The robot understands rules and dynamically formulates strategies for gameplay. Enhanced by reinforcement learning, R1 executes over 30 minutes of Chain of Action Thought (CoAT), breaking traditional time and reasoning limits in complex tasks. It also enables multi-faceted interactions among humans, machines, and environments. This model can enable humanoid robots to operate accurately in complex environments, such as complex product picking and sorting in warehouse logistics, and supermarket replenishment...

PsiBot,from Beijing,has launched the first VLA:Psi R1 combining reinforcement learning, showcasing agile operation in Mahjong scenarios. With millimeter-level precision, it achieves human-like dexterity in card flipping, grabbing, and organizing. The robot understands rules and dynamically formulates strategies for gameplay. Enhanced by reinforcement learning, R1 executes over 30 minutes of Chain of Action Thought (CoAT), breaking traditional time and reasoning limits in complex tasks. It also enables multi-faceted interactions among humans, machines, and environments. This model can enable humanoid robots to operate accurately in complex environments, such as complex product picking and sorting in warehouse logistics, and supermarket replenishment...

CyberRobo

25,573 views • 1 year ago

Teaching robots real dexterity has always been a challenge. But what if they could handle tools like a human? DexterityGen (DexGen) is a new system that helps robots use their hands better. It improves how they grip, move, and handle objects… from holding a pen to using a screwdriver. DexGen learns in simulation and refines its skills in the real world, making robotic hands much more useful. What makes DexGen special? ✅ Smarter movements that refine rough actions into precise skills ✅ Trained on a massive collection of dexterous tasks for better learning ✅ Better teleoperation that makes robotic hand control easier and safer ✅ Handles real-world challenges like small objects, tricky angles, and gravity This moves robots closer to real dexterity. It makes tool use more natural, improves stability, and brings robotic hands one step closer to human-level skill. Seen at Zhao-Heng Yin 🫶 Github: Paper:

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Ilir Aliu

51,490 views • 1 year ago

Experiments in progress. The one on the right has been learning for ~3 hours, the one in the middle for ~1 hour, and the one on the left just started a few minutes ago. The initial motivation for making the physical Atari was just to commit ourselves to a subset of algorithms that can make progress in this setup. This commitment rules out algorithms that require billions of samples to learn (or worse, require multiple environments running in parallel). Atari games are simple enough that we should be able to show learning on them in a short amount of time with no prior knowledge. Since then, I've realized that this setup is also a good way to compare different paradigms in robotics in a principled way. These paradigms are sim2real, learning from tele-operated data, and learning directly on the robots. So far, I have observed that getting sim2real to work reliably is hard. It requires tweaks that don't scale. Policies that can play perfectly in simulation fall apart because of latencies and the messiness of the real world. These aspects could be modeled to improve the simulation, but not without sinking significant human engineering hours. I have higher hopes for learning from tele-operated data, but that requires a human to learn the task first. These experiments are on my to-do list. I have to learn to play some of the games well through the robot. I’m half-decent at playing Pong and Ms Pacman now. Learning directly on robots is looking like the most promising approach. This approach takes away pesky distribution shifts and makes it possible to have algorithms that continually improve with more data and time without any human intervention. It feels great to let experiments run overnight and wake up to find improved policies. With learning on robots, I should, in principle, be able to go on a long vacation and come back to find better policies for complex tasks beyond Atari games. Whether that is possible with current learning algorithms is a different question.

Experiments in progress. The one on the right has been learning for ~3 hours, the one in the middle for ~1 hour, and the one on the left just started a few minutes ago. The initial motivation for making the physical Atari was just to commit ourselves to a subset of algorithms that can make progress in this setup. This commitment rules out algorithms that require billions of samples to learn (or worse, require multiple environments running in parallel). Atari games are simple enough that we should be able to show learning on them in a short amount of time with no prior knowledge. Since then, I've realized that this setup is also a good way to compare different paradigms in robotics in a principled way. These paradigms are sim2real, learning from tele-operated data, and learning directly on the robots. So far, I have observed that getting sim2real to work reliably is hard. It requires tweaks that don't scale. Policies that can play perfectly in simulation fall apart because of latencies and the messiness of the real world. These aspects could be modeled to improve the simulation, but not without sinking significant human engineering hours. I have higher hopes for learning from tele-operated data, but that requires a human to learn the task first. These experiments are on my to-do list. I have to learn to play some of the games well through the robot. I’m half-decent at playing Pong and Ms Pacman now. Learning directly on robots is looking like the most promising approach. This approach takes away pesky distribution shifts and makes it possible to have algorithms that continually improve with more data and time without any human intervention. It feels great to let experiments run overnight and wake up to find improved policies. With learning on robots, I should, in principle, be able to go on a long vacation and come back to find better policies for complex tasks beyond Atari games. Whether that is possible with current learning algorithms is a different question.

Khurram Javed

52,110 views • 6 months ago

Watch this robot dog learn to walk from scratch in real time! Our new method, APRL, dynamically adjusts exploration constraints to enable fast and performant RL directly in the real world. APRL can also adapt to changes in the terrain. No simulation, no demos. A thread 👇

Watch this robot dog learn to walk from scratch in real time! Our new method, APRL, dynamically adjusts exploration constraints to enable fast and performant RL directly in the real world. APRL can also adapt to changes in the terrain. No simulation, no demos. A thread 👇

Sergey Levine

105,568 views • 2 years ago

One more thing 🚀 Qwen’s agentic capability is no longer limited to the digital world — we’re bringing it into physical world. With our in-house robotic agentic system and navigation model, Qwen can now control a robot to execute tasks in real-world. #qwen #embodied #robotics

One more thing 🚀 Qwen’s agentic capability is no longer limited to the digital world — we’re bringing it into physical world. With our in-house robotic agentic system and navigation model, Qwen can now control a robot to execute tasks in real-world. #qwen #embodied #robotics

xiong-hui (barry) chen

24,797 views • 27 days ago

Today, we're joined by Nikita Rudin, co-founder and CEO of Flexion Robotics to discuss the gap between current robotic capabilities and what’s required to deploy fully autonomous robots in the real world. Nikita explains how reinforcement learning and simulation have driven rapid progress in robot locomotion—and why locomotion is still far from “solved.” We dig into the sim2real gap, and how adding visual inputs introduces noise and significantly complicates sim-to-real transfer. We also explore the debate between end-to-end models and modular approaches, and why separating locomotion, planning, and semantics remains a pragmatic approach today. Nikita also introduces the concept of "real-to-sim", which uses real-world data to refine simulation parameters for higher fidelity training, discusses how reinforcement learning, imitation learning, and teleoperation data are combined to train robust policies for both quadruped and humanoid robots, and introduces Flexion's hierarchical approach that utilizes pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for high-level task orchestration with Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models and low-level whole-body trackers. Finally, Nikita shares the behind-the-scenes in humanoid robot demos, his take on reinforcement learning in simulation versus the real world, the nuances of reward tuning, and offers practical advice for researchers and practitioners looking to get started in robotics today. 🗒️ For the full list of resources for this episode, visit the show notes page: 📖 CHAPTERS =============================== 00:00 - Introduction 04:07 - Is robot locomotion solved? 06:04 - Sim-to-real gap 08:58 - Adding semantics to policies 09:42 - Modular vs end-to-end architectures 10:29 - Planner model 12:21 - Adapting RL techniques from quadrupeds to humanoids 15:39 - Behind robot demos 18:09 - Humanoid robots in home environments 22:03 - Training approach 23:56 - VLA models 27:59 - Closing the sim-to-real gap 32:55 - Task orchestration using VLMs 36:38 - Tool use 38:10 - Model hierarchy 43:37 - Simulator versus simulation environment 44:57 - Combining imitation learning and reinforcement learning 46:42 - RL in real world versus RL in simulation 52:58 - Reward tuning and value functions in robotics 56:38 - Predictions 1:00:10 - Humanoids, quadropeds, and wheeled platforms 1:02:45 - Advice, recommended robot kits, and community pla

Today, we're joined by Nikita Rudin, co-founder and CEO of Flexion Robotics to discuss the gap between current robotic capabilities and what’s required to deploy fully autonomous robots in the real world. Nikita explains how reinforcement learning and simulation have driven rapid progress in robot locomotion—and why locomotion is still far from “solved.” We dig into the sim2real gap, and how adding visual inputs introduces noise and significantly complicates sim-to-real transfer. We also explore the debate between end-to-end models and modular approaches, and why separating locomotion, planning, and semantics remains a pragmatic approach today. Nikita also introduces the concept of "real-to-sim", which uses real-world data to refine simulation parameters for higher fidelity training, discusses how reinforcement learning, imitation learning, and teleoperation data are combined to train robust policies for both quadruped and humanoid robots, and introduces Flexion's hierarchical approach that utilizes pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for high-level task orchestration with Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models and low-level whole-body trackers. Finally, Nikita shares the behind-the-scenes in humanoid robot demos, his take on reinforcement learning in simulation versus the real world, the nuances of reward tuning, and offers practical advice for researchers and practitioners looking to get started in robotics today. 🗒️ For the full list of resources for this episode, visit the show notes page: 📖 CHAPTERS =============================== 00:00 - Introduction 04:07 - Is robot locomotion solved? 06:04 - Sim-to-real gap 08:58 - Adding semantics to policies 09:42 - Modular vs end-to-end architectures 10:29 - Planner model 12:21 - Adapting RL techniques from quadrupeds to humanoids 15:39 - Behind robot demos 18:09 - Humanoid robots in home environments 22:03 - Training approach 23:56 - VLA models 27:59 - Closing the sim-to-real gap 32:55 - Task orchestration using VLMs 36:38 - Tool use 38:10 - Model hierarchy 43:37 - Simulator versus simulation environment 44:57 - Combining imitation learning and reinforcement learning 46:42 - RL in real world versus RL in simulation 52:58 - Reward tuning and value functions in robotics 56:38 - Predictions 1:00:10 - Humanoids, quadropeds, and wheeled platforms 1:02:45 - Advice, recommended robot kits, and community pla

The TWIML AI Podcast

22,264 views • 5 months ago

📢 Announcing one of the most exciting works from us this year on **scalable robot policy evaluation through real-to-sim transfer**, moving toward a scalable evaluation engine with structured world models that capture the appearance, geometry, and dynamics of environments involving deformable objects. 🤖 Evaluation remains one of the biggest bottlenecks in building general-purpose robots. Today, robots are still evaluated only in the real world, which is **orders of magnitude slower** than the development of language agents. We propose a new framework where simulation performance **strongly correlates** with the real world (r > 0.9), even for deformable objects. The key difference from existing work lies in the correlation between simulation and reality: if a robot model performs better in the digital world, does it also perform better in the real world? This question has long made people hesitant about simulation-based evaluation — especially for deformable objects. We are changing that. Our pipeline achieves effective real-to-sim transfer, establishing **state-of-the-art correlation** between simulation and reality for deformable object manipulation. It provides a **scalable and reproducible evaluation engine** for robot learning. 🌐

📢 Announcing one of the most exciting works from us this year on scalable robot policy evaluation through real-to-sim transfer, moving toward a scalable evaluation engine with structured world models that capture the appearance, geometry, and dynamics of environments involving deformable objects. 🤖 Evaluation remains one of the biggest bottlenecks in building general-purpose robots. Today, robots are still evaluated only in the real world, which is orders of magnitude slower than the development of language agents. We propose a new framework where simulation performance strongly correlates with the real world (r > 0.9), even for deformable objects. The key difference from existing work lies in the correlation between simulation and reality: if a robot model performs better in the digital world, does it also perform better in the real world? This question has long made people hesitant about simulation-based evaluation — especially for deformable objects. We are changing that. Our pipeline achieves effective real-to-sim transfer, establishing state-of-the-art correlation between simulation and reality for deformable object manipulation. It provides a scalable and reproducible evaluation engine for robot learning. 🌐

Yunzhu Li

39,797 views • 7 months ago

this robotics breakthrough just broke my brain. sony just built the 1st robot that beats professional table tennis players. so insane because table tennis is one of the HARDEST things you can ask a robot to do in the real world. > the ball moves at up to 70 mph > with unpredictable spin in every direction > the opponent is actively disguising their shots and the entire loop from: seeing the ball ↓ to predicting its trajectory ↓ to planning the return ↓ to physically swinging the arm and making contact has to happen in *milliseconds* (near the absolute edge of human reaction time). all in real physical space with friction, momentum, latency, etc. that combination is why this took 40 years to crack. there's been ping pong robots since 1983, but none could beat highly skilled human players. for example: deepmind's table tennis robot from 2024 topped out at amateur level and lost every single match against advanced players. but sony's robot now beat all 3 professional players it faced in its most recent matches. and this wasn't even the only milestone last week... a humanoid robot also broke the human world record for the half marathon (in beijing) we are in uncharted territory here because every previous "ai beats humans" milestone was virtual. deep blue at chess, alphago at go, alphastar at starcraft, gt sophy at gran turismo, all played on screens. now robots are starting to outperform our best in the physical world. what a time in history lol

this robotics breakthrough just broke my brain. sony just built the 1st robot that beats professional table tennis players. so insane because table tennis is one of the HARDEST things you can ask a robot to do in the real world. > the ball moves at up to 70 mph > with unpredictable spin in every direction > the opponent is actively disguising their shots and the entire loop from: seeing the ball ↓ to predicting its trajectory ↓ to planning the return ↓ to physically swinging the arm and making contact has to happen in milliseconds (near the absolute edge of human reaction time). all in real physical space with friction, momentum, latency, etc. that combination is why this took 40 years to crack. there's been ping pong robots since 1983, but none could beat highly skilled human players. for example: deepmind's table tennis robot from 2024 topped out at amateur level and lost every single match against advanced players. but sony's robot now beat all 3 professional players it faced in its most recent matches. and this wasn't even the only milestone last week... a humanoid robot also broke the human world record for the half marathon (in beijing) we are in uncharted territory here because every previous "ai beats humans" milestone was virtual. deep blue at chess, alphago at go, alphastar at starcraft, gt sophy at gran turismo, all played on screens. now robots are starting to outperform our best in the physical world. what a time in history lol

Ole Lehmann

40,014 views • 1 month ago

NEWS: DeepMind teaches robots to play soccer. In a paper released today Google's DeepMind details how they used Deep Reinforcement Learning (Deep RL) to train low-cost, miniature humanoid robots in dynamic environments, allowing them to play a simplified one-versus-one (1v1) soccer game. The robots, equipped with 20 actuated joints, were initially trained in simulation using the MuJoCo physics engine. Through this training, they learned robust and dynamic movement skills like rapid fall recovery, walking, turning, and kicking. The robots seamlessly transitioned between these skills, even surpassing expectations, and developed a basic strategic understanding of the game. During matches, the trained robots demonstrated agile skills such as turning, kicking moving balls, and dynamic defensive blocking. They quickly combined these skills, showcasing their adaptability and outperforming scripted baselines. The robots walked faster, got up quicker, and kicked faster than their counterparts. Individual skills were first trained in isolation within the simulation environment, and then composed in a self-play setting. The robots successfully transferred these skills to real-world scenarios. Full paper can be found here:

NEWS: DeepMind teaches robots to play soccer. In a paper released today Google's DeepMind details how they used Deep Reinforcement Learning (Deep RL) to train low-cost, miniature humanoid robots in dynamic environments, allowing them to play a simplified one-versus-one (1v1) soccer game. The robots, equipped with 20 actuated joints, were initially trained in simulation using the MuJoCo physics engine. Through this training, they learned robust and dynamic movement skills like rapid fall recovery, walking, turning, and kicking. The robots seamlessly transitioned between these skills, even surpassing expectations, and developed a basic strategic understanding of the game. During matches, the trained robots demonstrated agile skills such as turning, kicking moving balls, and dynamic defensive blocking. They quickly combined these skills, showcasing their adaptability and outperforming scripted baselines. The robots walked faster, got up quicker, and kicked faster than their counterparts. Individual skills were first trained in isolation within the simulation environment, and then composed in a self-play setting. The robots successfully transferred these skills to real-world scenarios. Full paper can be found here:

Dave Lee

372,039 views • 3 years ago