Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️
@isabelfoxenduke • 16,462 subscribers
Host of MFTV & Bitcoin Rails | coauthor BIP 360 | Head of @MARAFoundation_ @MARA
Videos
![BITCOIN RAILS #61: QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY FOR BITCOIN | with Dan Boneh Dan Boneh 🔗 YOUTUBE: 🌿 SPOTIFY: One of the most prolific and influential cryptographers in the world, it’s difficult to fully quantify the impact that Dan Boneh has had on Bitcoin and digital assets more broadly. Through both his own research and his mentorship of some of the space’s most important contributors — e.g. Andrew Poelstra, Benedikt Bünz ☕️, and Robin Linus — few people have done more to shape the cryptographic foundations underlying modern blockchains and digital finance. More recently, Dan co-authored Google's widely discussed paper, “Securing Elliptic Curve Cryptocurrencies against Quantum Vulnerabilities,” which reduced prior estimates of the resources required to run Shor’s algorithm against the elliptic-curve cryptography used by Bitcoin. The paper reignited debate around quantum computing timelines and the long-term security assumptions behind modern cryptocurrencies. In this episode of Bitcoin Rails, Dan and I discuss the current state of quantum computing, its potential implications for Bitcoin, and how he believes the Bitcoin community should think about preparing for a post-quantum future over the coming decade and beyond. And yes, Dan shares his take on the “when quantum” question in the interview, among other key perspectives. This episode of Bitcoin Rails is brought to you by my NEW sponsors: LayerTwo Labs LayerTwo Labs — developing research, software, and technologies for scaling Bitcoin via the integration of Drivechains (BIP 300/301) Hashi on Sui — a primitive for executing Bitcoin Defi transactions, without having to trust a federated bridge or other centralized entity BitBox BitBox — an open-source Bitcoin-only hardware wallet, with smooth UX and no compromises on security. Check out Bitbox [dot] swiss and use code BITCOINRAILS to get a discount TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 — Intro and Dan’s history with cryptography and Bitcoin 11:44 — Shor's algorithm: how a 1994 paper became cryptography's most important threat 16:39 — Building a quantum computer: superconducting qubits vs neutral atoms 25:37 — When should we start worrying about quantum computers? The timeline debate 31:51 — Have we already reached quantum computing's “ahá” moment? 39:09 — Inside the Google paper: how Shor's algorithm was optimized 49:57 — The Bitcoin mempool attack and the 10-minute window 59:21 — Mitigation: what should Bitcoin do to prepare for quantum? 1:11:54 — Hash-based vs lattice-based signatures: Dan's case for lattice 1:23:15 — ZK proofs, BIP361, and what to do with Satoshi's coins 1:31:52 — Encrypted mempools and MEV 1:38:29 — Why Bitcoin will survive quantum and Dan's message to Bitcoin builders](https://image.24vids.com/tw-2057110642662797602/amplify_video_thumb/2057106711635275776/img/Pa2J_IxNMDKku2uu.jpg)
BITCOIN RAILS #61: QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY FOR BITCOIN | with Dan Boneh Dan Boneh 🔗 YOUTUBE: 🌿 SPOTIFY: One of the most prolific and influential cryptographers in the world, it’s difficult to fully quantify the impact that Dan Boneh has had on Bitcoin and digital assets more broadly. Through both his own research and his mentorship of some of the space’s most important contributors — e.g. Andrew Poelstra, Benedikt Bünz ☕️, and Robin Linus — few people have done more to shape the cryptographic foundations underlying modern blockchains and digital finance. More recently, Dan co-authored Google's widely discussed paper, “Securing Elliptic Curve Cryptocurrencies against Quantum Vulnerabilities,” which reduced prior estimates of the resources required to run Shor’s algorithm against the elliptic-curve cryptography used by Bitcoin. The paper reignited debate around quantum computing timelines and the long-term security assumptions behind modern cryptocurrencies. In this episode of Bitcoin Rails, Dan and I discuss the current state of quantum computing, its potential implications for Bitcoin, and how he believes the Bitcoin community should think about preparing for a post-quantum future over the coming decade and beyond. And yes, Dan shares his take on the “when quantum” question in the interview, among other key perspectives. This episode of Bitcoin Rails is brought to you by my NEW sponsors: LayerTwo Labs LayerTwo Labs — developing research, software, and technologies for scaling Bitcoin via the integration of Drivechains (BIP 300/301) Hashi on Sui — a primitive for executing Bitcoin Defi transactions, without having to trust a federated bridge or other centralized entity BitBox BitBox — an open-source Bitcoin-only hardware wallet, with smooth UX and no compromises on security. Check out Bitbox [dot] swiss and use code BITCOINRAILS to get a discount TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 — Intro and Dan’s history with cryptography and Bitcoin 11:44 — Shor's algorithm: how a 1994 paper became cryptography's most important threat 16:39 — Building a quantum computer: superconducting qubits vs neutral atoms 25:37 — When should we start worrying about quantum computers? The timeline debate 31:51 — Have we already reached quantum computing's “ahá” moment? 39:09 — Inside the Google paper: how Shor's algorithm was optimized 49:57 — The Bitcoin mempool attack and the 10-minute window 59:21 — Mitigation: what should Bitcoin do to prepare for quantum? 1:11:54 — Hash-based vs lattice-based signatures: Dan's case for lattice 1:23:15 — ZK proofs, BIP361, and what to do with Satoshi's coins 1:31:52 — Encrypted mempools and MEV 1:38:29 — Why Bitcoin will survive quantum and Dan's message to Bitcoin builders
Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️98,926 Aufrufe • vor 14 Tagen
One of my most exciting interviews to date, I had a blast jamming with *the* Martin Shkreli about his research into hacking Satoshi's Coins... and why every code base is "breakable" on a long enough time horizon. While the community debates upgrading Bitcoin for post-quantum security (cc Hunter Beast 🕯️ Ethan ✨ is on BlueSky✨ Heilman 🐱 and #BIP360), Martin shares: "it is possible that you can make a 'set it and forget it' Bitcoin, but obviously we're not there yet." Don't miss this interview with moi Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️ dropping tomorrow ⏰
Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️561,304 Aufrufe • vor 7 Monaten
The quantum-mitigation question on every cryptographer's mind: to use hash-based or Lattice-based signatures in Bitcoin? Hash-based signature schemes—e.g. SHRINCs/SHRIMPS by Blockstream's Jonas Nick—have been called "the conservative choice" by Adam Back while Dan Boneh makes a push for lattice-based signatures. "Hash-based signatures are combinatorial in nature—and that limits a lot of the clever things we can do with them...for example, threshold signatures."
Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️14,085 Aufrufe • vor 13 Tagen
![BITCOIN RAILS #59: Post-Quantum Bitcoin Signatures (+ their tradeoffs) | with BIP 360 co-author Ethan ✨ is on BlueSky✨ Heilman 🐱 and Blockstream Head of Research Jonas Nick 🔗 YOUTUBE: 🌿 SPOTIFY: According to BIP 360 co-author Ethan Heilman, Bitcoin needs a minimum of two soft forks to become quantum resistant: P2MR (or an output type that can safely execute PQ signatures) + a post-quantum checksig (signature scheme). Ethan and the BIP 360 team (including myself and Hunter Beast 🕯️) introduced the P2MR part via a BIP 360 update late last year—but the question remains, what’s the most appropriate PQ signature scheme for Bitcoin? They all have substantive tradeoffs, but hash-based signatures seem to be leading technical discourse—likely due to recent optimizations by Jonas Nick and the broader Blockstream research team. It was an honor to sit down with both of these men - arguably the two most influential and productive cryptographers in Bitcoin quantum mitigation right now - for an in-depth review of the leading PQ signature schemes and a temperature check on Bitcoin’s post-quantum planning process. TBH, if you want to skip the noise and jump straight to the signal on quantum, this is the interview to watch. In this episode, we discuss: - What needs to happen at the soft fork, infra, and mitigation levels to fully quantum-harden Bitcoin - Recent updates to BIP 360 + breakdown of the leading hash-based signatures schemes for Bitcoin (SHRINCS + SHRIMPS) - Why we may actually get consensus around a stateful scheme for Bitcoin - Comparisons of hash-based signatures vs Lattice and Isogeny-based schemes - Assessing the risks of both waiting too long and acting too fast (and why quantum is a better threat to be facing than a potential classical attack) This episode of Bitcoin Rails is brought to you by my NEW sponsors: - LayerTwo Labs LayerTwo Labs — developing research, software, and technologies for scaling Bitcoin via the integration of Drivechains (BIP 300/301) - Hashi on Sui — a primitive for executing Bitcoin Defi transactions, without having to trust a federated bridge or other centralized entity - BitBox BitBox — an open-source Bitcoin-only hardware wallet, with smooth UX and no compromises on security. Check out Bitbox [dot] swiss and use code BITCOINRAILS to get a discount TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Intro 02:18 Ethan’s Quantum Wakeup 05:18 How Blockstream Enters Post Quantum 09:25 BIP 360 Explained 12:11 How Bitcoin Transitions to PQ 17:35 Choosing Post Quantum Signatures 23:20 How Blockstream Created SHRINCS 27:22 Signature Budgets Importance Explained 41:13 What are SHRIMPS? 44:51 SHRIMPS vs SHRINCS 47:48 Why SLH-DSA Alone Won’t Cut It 49:24 Is a SHRIMPS + SHRINCS BIP Coming? 51:51 Blockstream’s Big Plans for Liquid 59:04 Quantum Readiness Roadmap 01:02:22 Importance of a PQ Recovery Plan 01:05:35 How Long Would a PQ Migration Take 01:11:17 Quantum Watchlist Recommendations](https://image.24vids.com/tw-2051672209454756108/amplify_video_thumb/2051671562672082952/img/GYI9mVH4-kcDz2Gz.jpg)
BITCOIN RAILS #59: Post-Quantum Bitcoin Signatures (+ their tradeoffs) | with BIP 360 co-author Ethan ✨ is on BlueSky✨ Heilman 🐱 and Blockstream Head of Research Jonas Nick 🔗 YOUTUBE: 🌿 SPOTIFY: According to BIP 360 co-author Ethan Heilman, Bitcoin needs a minimum of two soft forks to become quantum resistant: P2MR (or an output type that can safely execute PQ signatures) + a post-quantum checksig (signature scheme). Ethan and the BIP 360 team (including myself and Hunter Beast 🕯️) introduced the P2MR part via a BIP 360 update late last year—but the question remains, what’s the most appropriate PQ signature scheme for Bitcoin? They all have substantive tradeoffs, but hash-based signatures seem to be leading technical discourse—likely due to recent optimizations by Jonas Nick and the broader Blockstream research team. It was an honor to sit down with both of these men - arguably the two most influential and productive cryptographers in Bitcoin quantum mitigation right now - for an in-depth review of the leading PQ signature schemes and a temperature check on Bitcoin’s post-quantum planning process. TBH, if you want to skip the noise and jump straight to the signal on quantum, this is the interview to watch. In this episode, we discuss: - What needs to happen at the soft fork, infra, and mitigation levels to fully quantum-harden Bitcoin - Recent updates to BIP 360 + breakdown of the leading hash-based signatures schemes for Bitcoin (SHRINCS + SHRIMPS) - Why we may actually get consensus around a stateful scheme for Bitcoin - Comparisons of hash-based signatures vs Lattice and Isogeny-based schemes - Assessing the risks of both waiting too long and acting too fast (and why quantum is a better threat to be facing than a potential classical attack) This episode of Bitcoin Rails is brought to you by my NEW sponsors: - LayerTwo Labs LayerTwo Labs — developing research, software, and technologies for scaling Bitcoin via the integration of Drivechains (BIP 300/301) - Hashi on Sui — a primitive for executing Bitcoin Defi transactions, without having to trust a federated bridge or other centralized entity - BitBox BitBox — an open-source Bitcoin-only hardware wallet, with smooth UX and no compromises on security. Check out Bitbox [dot] swiss and use code BITCOINRAILS to get a discount TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Intro 02:18 Ethan’s Quantum Wakeup 05:18 How Blockstream Enters Post Quantum 09:25 BIP 360 Explained 12:11 How Bitcoin Transitions to PQ 17:35 Choosing Post Quantum Signatures 23:20 How Blockstream Created SHRINCS 27:22 Signature Budgets Importance Explained 41:13 What are SHRIMPS? 44:51 SHRIMPS vs SHRINCS 47:48 Why SLH-DSA Alone Won’t Cut It 49:24 Is a SHRIMPS + SHRINCS BIP Coming? 51:51 Blockstream’s Big Plans for Liquid 59:04 Quantum Readiness Roadmap 01:02:22 Importance of a PQ Recovery Plan 01:05:35 How Long Would a PQ Migration Take 01:11:17 Quantum Watchlist Recommendations
Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️23,783 Aufrufe • vor 29 Tagen
!["It's kind of clear that the fork that deprecates [Satoshi's Coins] is the fork that will survive." Stanford cryptographer Dan Boneh weighs in on potential deprecation of P2PK coins and BIP 361 by Jameson Lopp](https://image.24vids.com/tw-2057826609202188791/amplify_video_thumb/2057825842290388994/img/CzCu90JwNA7T4ojP.jpg)
BITCOIN RAILS #55: WHAT HAPPENED TO BITCOIN TREASURY COMPANIES? | with David Bailey🇵🇷 $2.0mm/btc is the floor & Brandon 🔗 YOUTUBE: 🌿 SPOTIFY: This most recent bull market was inarguably defined by one dominant narrative: the rise of Bitcoin treasury companies and their dramatic retracement as crypto "DATs" flooded markets. David Bailey🇵🇷 $2.0mm/btc is the floor — former CEO of Bitcoin Inc. (Bitcoin Magazine bitcoin conference) — raised $760M for treasury company Nakamoto, which catapulted to a peak valuation of 33X MNAV before sliding down below MNAV after a seeming burst in treasury mania last year. David joins me and the newly appointed CEO of Bitcoin Inc. Brandon, to share the history of one of the most influential companies in Bitcoin history (Bitcoin Inc.), how their treasury play changed everything, and what we can expect from Bitcoin treasury companies moving through 2026 and beyond. In this episode, the three of us discuss: - The history of Bitcoin Inc., and the rise of Bitcoin Magazine and Bitcoin Conference empire. - The role of UTXO Management (VC and trading fund) in the team's strategy over time - How the fund’s entry into Metaplanet Inc. and their subsequent seeding of nearly a dozen Bitcoin Treasury companies since - The rise of Nakamoto and its subsequent 99% slide in price from ATHs - How David sees the Treasury thesis playing out from here… and projected winners and losers when/if these companies rebound. This episode of Bitcoin Rails is powered by: - Best In Slot (Best in Slot | BRC2.0 🧑🍳) — the leading API for Ordinals and BRC20 data aggregation and indexing. - Spark (Lightspark) — a statechains implementation advancing Bitcoin-powered payments. - Citrea (Citrea | Mainnet Live 🍊🍋) — a leading Bitcoin rollup technology and BitVM alliance contributor. TIMESTAMPS 00:00 Intro 01:45 Hit Pieces and Psyop Jokes 05:53 David Bailey Origin Story 12:24 Buying Bitcoin Magazine 15:18 Early Spam “Wars” 19:55 BM Experimentation Phase 26:33 Defining What “Bitcoin Only” Means 32:39 What Being a Bitcoin Maxi Means 34:47 Bitcoin L2 Over Altchains 37:00 Why Securities Matter 41:23 Going Bitcoin Only 46:47 Bitcoin Conference Explosion 54:10 UTXO Bets And Treasury Wave 01:12:10 Seeding Treasury Startups 01:15:44 Taking Nakamoto Public 01:32:51 Treasury Thesis Future Products
Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️35,495 Aufrufe • vor 2 Monaten
If successful, will Martin Shkreli be glorified or villainized for hacking Satoshi's coins? While sharing this effort would be worth pursuing for the "glory" of it, he admits that optics are "something I notoriously get wrong every time" 🤣😆 Thank you Martin Shkreli for making me belly laugh in this interview 💕 full episode in comments
Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️87,616 Aufrufe • vor 7 Monaten
WHERE DOES THE YIELD COME FROM? While many are rightfully skeptical of Bitcoin yield products—largely on account of ponzi-esque yield schemes in the broader crypto industry—Bitcoin-backed loans are inarguably a real source of Bitcoin yield that will only grow as the asset matures. Full episode with Ark Labs Alex B 👾 in the comments.
Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️65,124 Aufrufe • vor 5 Monaten
Arguably the most important conversation I've had on the show yet, Pieter Wuille - former Bitcoin Core maintainer & lead developer of SegWit & Taproot - shares why he's no longer interested in participating in Bitcoin consensus changes. Full interview in the comments 👇
Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️45,814 Aufrufe • vor 3 Monaten
CEO of Nakamoto David Bailey🇵🇷 $2.0mm/btc is the floor and Bitcoin Inc. CEO Brandon share their take on why Bitcoin treasuries collapsed late last year. "It looked very similar to how the ICO bubble collapsed in 2017... there were so many ICOs... and the quality was getting more and more garbage as time went on." FULL EPISODE IN THE COMMENTS 👇
Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️29,509 Aufrufe • vor 2 Monaten
BITCOIN RAILS #50: HISTORY OF SEGWIT & TAPROOT | with Pieter Wuille 🔗 YOUTUBE: A primary maintainer of Bitcoin Core from 2011-2022, Pieter Wuille is arguably the most influential developer in Bitcoin’s history since Satoshi himself. After receiving keys to the Bitcoin codebase from Gavin Andresen, who was tasked with maintaining the codebase by Satoshi Nakamoto, Pieter went on to implement some of Bitcoin’s most dramatic and influential upgrades, including but not limited to: - Implementation of Bitcoin’s Taproot and Segwit upgrades - Implementation of libsecp256k + Bitcoin’s unique encoding structure for the cryptography securing all Bitcoin public/private keys - The first import/export feature for Bitcoin private keys into Bitcoin (now Bitcoin Core) - Development of hierarchical deterministic (HD) wallets, enabling backups via a single seedphrase and paving the way for seedphrases themselves - DER signatures, Miniscript, and so much more A truly special episode of Bitcoin Rails, this is a rare long-form interview with one of the most important historical figures in the arc of Bitcoin’s development. Pieter and I walk through how Bitcoin consensus works in practice, the history of Bitcoin's most critical early developments, and the key role of his good friend, Greg Maxwell, nearly every step of the way. This episode of Bitcoin Rails is powered by: — Best In Slot (Best in Slot | BRC2.0 🧑🍳) - the leading API for Ordinals and BRC-20 data aggregation and indexing. — Spark (Lightspark) - a statechains implementation advancing Bitcoin-powered payments. — Citrea (Citrea | Mainnet Live 🍊🍋) - a leading Bitcoin rollup technology and BitVM alliance contributor. TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Intro 00:42 Early Days in Bitcoin 01:25 First Contributions to Bitcoin Core 04:38 Challenges and Innovations in Bitcoin Development 06:54 The Hal Finney Challenge 12:16 Bitcoin Core Contributors Back Then 14:18 The Creation of HD Wallets and Seed Phrases 17:47 Greg Maxwell Role and Relationship 21:00 Implementing Libsecp256k1 28:39 Why Did Satoshi Choose ECDSA 33:34 Addressing OpenSSL Issues 40:41 Why Pieter Wrote BIP 66 47:54 BIP 103 Proposal and Initial Reactions 49:57 SegWit Development and Implementation 01:05:39 Taproot's History, Details, and Benefits 01:11:09 Why Taproot Has No Hashed Addresses 01:16:55 Pieter's Thoughts on BitVM and other non-softfork dependent scaling solutions cc Robin Linus 01:18:27 Non-Soft Fork Scaling Solutions 01:23:03 Future Consensus Changes and Challenges 01:25:28 Bitcoin's Miner Centralization and Security Concerns (e.g. MEV) cc Matt Corallo 🟠 01:34:48 Miniscript: Simplifying Bitcoin Script? cc Rob Hamilton
Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️43,145 Aufrufe • vor 3 Monaten
BITCOIN RAILS #38: Two Forces That Could Break Bitcoin: AI vs Quantum I with Martin Shkreli 🔗 YOUTUBE: 🌿 SPOTIFY: A couple months ago, I co-hosted an X space with LayerTwo Labs re: “Should Bitcoiners care about quantum computing?” You can imagine our surprise when (in?)famous tech investor Martin Shkreli arrived to share that he’s been researching this very question for years… and dropped that he’s been personally considering raising funds to hire a team of mathematicians to hack Satoshi’s Coins. In this episode, Martin and I explore the limits of Bitcoin’s security model and the two forces he believes could potentially challenge it: a computational path driven by advances in quantum hardware, and/or a mathematical path fueled by AI-assisted discovery. This interview additionally shares takes on: - Why hacking Bitcoin would be the "ultimate" mathematical achievement—and why hacking Satoshi’s coins should be considered a “bug bounty” for Bitcoin - Why quantum may be more problematic for Bitcoin than for the traditional tech world (e.g. why quantum doesn’t likely threaten NVIDIA) - The little known history of Bitcoin’s “overflow bug” (yup, Bitcoin *has* been hacked before… an exploit corrected by hard fork). - And of course, why mathematicians do their deepest work in prison 😉 As always, this episode of Bitcoin Rails can be viewed on YouTube or Spotify via the link available in my bio—and is brought to you with the help of my incredible partners: - Best In Slot (Best in Slot | BRC2.0 🧑🍳) – the leading API for Ordinals and BRC20 data aggregation and indexing - Spark (Lightspark) – a statechains implementation leading the path towards institutional adoption of Bitcoin-powered payments - Citrea (Citrea) – the leading Bitcoin rollup technology and contributor to the BitVM alliance 📷 Timestamps 00:00 Intro 02:57 Quantum Supremacy and Google’s Breakthroughs 05:02 Bitcoin’s Cryptographic Vulnerabilities 08:24 Studying Math and Cryptography Behind Bars 20:04 Governance and the Culture of Bitcoin Development 26:29 The Future of Quantum and AI in Cryptography 37:42 Hardware Challenges and Fidelity in Quantum 47:57 Game Theory and the Quantum Race 01:04:08 Bitcoin Recovery and the Quantum Security Question 01:08:38 Mathematical Challenges in Breaking Cryptography 01:15:08 The Role of AI in Future Mathematical Breakthroughs
Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️62,881 Aufrufe • vor 7 Monaten
BITCOIN RAILS EPISODE #17: DOMO’S SIDE OF THE STORY & the HISTORY OF BRC20 A particularly special episode—domo sits down with me for his first video interview ever—to recount the unique history of the BRC20 protocol. The first Bitcoin-native token standard ever created, BRC20 came into existence almost overnight and quickly emerged as a multibillion dollar asset class in 2024. This episode covers the influences leading up to the birth of $ORDI, the roles of different players involved along the way, and how core maintainers are preparing for their next major update—affectionately dubbed “BRC 2.0” by Bitcoin educator Bob Bodily, PhD Additionally, Domo shares his memory of key moments in BRC20 history—including: —the development of BRC20's canonical indexer and details of Domo's working relationship with UniSat - wallet, explorer & extension for bitcoin. —Ordi's listing on OKX and Binance (+ what he believes triggered listing decisions by those exchanges) —the creation of the Layer 1 Foundation and the responsibilities of its member organizations in maintaining the core protocol —why Domo has never accepted funding (including advisory fees) from either of his lead maintainer companies UniSat - wallet, explorer & extension for bitcoin. or Best in Slot | BRC2.0 🧑🍳 We also go into depth about what sparked the “BRC20 indexer wars” and how stakeholders are ensuring the integrity of its consensus going forward. This episode includes special mentions of major influences in the evolution of BRC20—including Robert Clarke Bitcoin Punks Sats Names Bobby Broz UniSat - wallet, explorer & extension for bitcoin. and others. This episode can be viewed on YouTube or Spotify using the linktree in Isabel’s bio—YouTube episode is also in the comments. As always, thanks to the show's sponsor Best in Slot | BRC2.0 🧑🍳 for making this episode possible— in addition to being a core maintainer of BRC20, Best In Slot maintains the leading API for Ordinals and BRC20 data aggregation and indexing. TIMESTAMPS: 01:04 Domo, Ethereum, and how he found Bitcoin 05:04 Why Ordinals clicked for Domo 07:58 Ordinals going from underground to mainstream 11:13 Who helped Domo ideate around Ordinals? 16:21 How did Domo announce ORDI, the “first” BRC20? 20:02 Why did BRC20 blow up so fast? 22:25 How did UniSat get involved with BRC20? 25:12 Catalysts for the BRC20/ fungibles boom 26:35 When did BRC20 get good pricing data? 29:00 Domo’s stresses during the ORDI blowup 31:34 How involved was Domo with UniSat early on? 35:00 Exchanges instantly deciding to list ORDI 37:38 How did Best In Slot start indexing BRC20s? 41:48 Centralization of indexers 44:18 Coordinating indexers around Ordinals forks 47:25 Relaunching the Layer 1 Foundation 49:25 The relationship between Domo, UniSat, and Best In Slot 51:02 Upgrading BRC20: Swap and Programmability Module 54:55 How the programmability module came to be 57:00 “Standard Maxiness” is hurting the industry 59:00 Plugging BRC20 into everything else 01:00:50 Do programmable metaprotocols solve interoperability? 01:02:50 Metaprotocols and L2s: do they compete? 01:05:00 Does BRC20 have an advantage over the metaprotocols? 01:06:20 How should the community approach Bitcoin’s issues? 01:08:50 Competition rising in the BItcoin space 01:10:00 People are underestimating metaprotocols 01:11:55 Single step transfer for BRC20
Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️86,909 Aufrufe • vor 1 Jahr
BITCOIN RAILS #46: BITCOIN MINING IN THE AGE OF AI | with MARA CEO Fred Thiel 🔗 YOUTUBE: 🌿 SPOTIFY: In response to the AI-driven shock in global demand for computing power, large players in the Bitcoin mining industry have been forced to make significant strategic shifts to remain competitive. MARA — the largest Bitcoin miner in the world by hashrate — is emerging as one of the more well-positioned beneficiaries of these changing tides, having transitioned from an “asset-light” strategy (via hosted mining at third-party facilities) to an “asset-heavy” approach (owning its own land, power, and infrastructure) just ahead of the AI compute wave in 2024/25. I sat down with MARA CEO Fred Thiel to discuss how these shifting industry dynamics are playing out in practice — as well as his perspective on how key mining-related security and infrastructure issues may evolve in the coming months and years. In this episode, we cover: — How MARA scaled from near-zero hash rate in 2020 to the largest Bitcoin miner globally by the end of 2023 — Key differences between operating Bitcoin mining facilities versus AI data centers, and where the two models meaningfully intersect — Why ownership of power generation — rather than reliance on PPAs — may represent a durable competitive edge for miners and AI data center operators over time — Why Bitcoin may be entering its “IPO phase,” and why recent price corrections could reflect increasing market maturity rather than structural weakness We also explore more technical and often under-discussed topics, such as heat reuse, open-source mining technologies, and the implications of US policy goals around Bitcoin mining. This episode offers a grounded, operator-level view of where Bitcoin mining is headed, informed by one of the most influential leaders in the public mining sector. This episode of Bitcoin Rails is powered by: — Best In Slot (Best in Slot | BRC2.0 🧑🍳) — the leading API for Ordinals and BRC-20 data aggregation and indexing. — Spark (Lightspark) — a statechains implementation advancing Bitcoin-powered payments. — Citrea (Citrea | Mainnet Live 🍊🍋) — a leading Bitcoin rollup technology and BitVM alliance contributor. TIMESTAMPS 📌 00:00 Intro 01:09 From Marathon Patent Group to MARA 06:35 Why Owning Infrastructure is Key 07:46 First Public Companies Mining Bitcoin 09:54 Data Centers For AI vs Bitcoin Mining Facilities 14:07 How AI Data Centers Will Look Going Forward 15:37 How MARA is Diversifying From Bitcoin Mining 19:03 Private Cloud and Data Security 22:20 The Exaion Partnership 26:03 Future of Bitcoin and AI 40:22 Innovative Approaches to AI and Bitcoin Mining 42:06 Challenges and Opportunities in Power Generation 45:38 Strategic International Partnerships 50:43 The Future of Real World Assets 53:53 Bitcoin Mining in China 57:24 Why MARA Runs Their Own Software 01:00:19 Where is Bitcoin Mining Headed 01:04:17 Benefits of Running a Mining Pool 01:07:17 Heat Reuse in Mining 01:12:23 The Role of Data Centers in Power Generation
Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️31,411 Aufrufe • vor 4 Monaten
Clearing up a common misconception about #quantumcomputing with Martin Shkreli
Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️42,217 Aufrufe • vor 7 Monaten
Like many great ideas, Taproot — one of the most substantive changes to the Bitcoin core protocol in its 17-year history — was devised by Bitcoin legends Pieter Wuille, Andrew Poelstra and Greg Maxwell over casual breakfast at a diner in Silicon Valley. Tomorrow, the History of SegWit and Taproot is told by their lead developer and former Bitcoin Core maintainer, the one and only Pieter Wuille. Drop a follow to make sure you don't miss it 💫
Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️20,971 Aufrufe • vor 3 Monaten
One of my favorite interviews of the year coming out tomorrow... Peter Todd spills the tea on Luke Dashjr 's very long history of filtering transactions on Bitcoin... all the way back to Satoshi Dice created by Erik Voorhees in 2013. Fun Fact: Erik Voorhees is an investor in Citrea | Mainnet Live 🍊🍋 Set your alarms folks ⏰ BR Season 3 getting juicy 😜
Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️29,341 Aufrufe • vor 6 Monaten
BITCOIN RAILS EPISODE #24: The History of Zero-Knowledge Proofs | with ZK “Godfather” Eli Ben Sasson In 2013, computer science professor Eli Ben-Sasson | Starknet.io presented his research on zero-knowledge proofs at a small Bitcoin conference outside of Standford University. The presentation immediately sparked interest from Bitcoin Core developer Greg Maxwell—leading Eli into over a decade of sustained work advancing ZK-based solutions for blockchain scalability and privacy. Today, zero-knowledge proofs are widely considered some of the most powerful and promising cryptographic primitives for scaling—with their full potential for Bitcoin simmering just beneath the surface of active development. This episode shares Eli’s early discussions of ZKPs for scaling, the use of proofs in privacy-enhancing technologies like Zcash, the explosion of ZKPs for Layer 2s on Ethereum… and his recent return to exploring ZKPs for Bitcoin. As always, you can view this episode on YouTube or Spotify via the linktree in my bio—YouTube link in comments as well. This episode is powered by Best In Slot—the leading API for Ordinals and BRC20 data aggregation and indexing. TIMESTAMPS: 00:51 Eli Ben-Sasson: Godfather of ZKPs 02:15 Revealing Proof Research to Bitcoiners 04:15 Meeting Greg Maxwell; Mike Hearn 06:10 ZCash: Bringing ZK Based Privacy for Crypto 07:05 SNARKs and STARKs Explained 08:10 Would Satoshi Approve of Bitcoin STARKs? 11:41 ZCash Privacy Versus Monero 13:45 When did the ZKP era begin on Ethereum? 16:34 What’s different about ZK STARKs? 18:40 Vitalik and STARKs on Ethereum with Starkware 21:10 Academics finally appreciating STARKs 23:18 Healthy competition in the ZK industry 24:20 What is Starknet? 25:50 What is an L2, in Eli’s view? 27:20 Focustree, an app on Starknet 30:00 How Eli arrived at Bitcoin Season 2 34:45 When did ZK look realistic for Bitcoin? 36:55 Eli first heard about OP_CAT 39:30 Why Lightning isn’t good enough 40:30 When did Starkware start focusing on OP_CAT? 44:20 Runes bridge to Starknet! 46:00 Expanding Starknet staking to BTC 48:20 Why is OP_CAT “barely enough” for Bitcoin L2s? 51:00 The real reason people oppose OP_CAT, per Eli 53:00 The risks of *not* changing Bitcoin 55:35 The weakness of Bitcoin’s lack of governance 01:00:15 We will need to softfork for quantum!
Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️45,999 Aufrufe • vor 11 Monaten