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Axiom Math founder Carina Hong on why math is the path to general superintelligence: “Math is the sandbox for reality. You very quickly see verifiable rewards because in math, there’s an absolute right or wrong.” “And especially when you have Lean, you can check the proof or solution step...

39,589 views • 7 months ago •via X (Twitter)

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Axiom Math's Carina Hong on why verification isn't about catching mistakes, it's how you drive the cost of a proof to zero: "Formal verification is going to make your life slightly better if you're facing a proof with one million lines. Remember the Erdős unit distance problem, the chain of thought being generated? There are actual mathematicians trying to follow it step by step and scrutinize it. That seems very difficult if you're not in that very niche domain of discrete geometry intersecting with algebraic number theory." "But if you have a Lean proof accompanying it, you can just run it. And running the Lean proof gives you that provable guarantee that this proof is sound." "I have a hot take. People think Lean is this library built on the existing Mathlib. I think it's going to grow significantly. A lot of the hurdles where Lean is difficult is that the basic definitions of some mathematical fields are just not in the library." "My hot take is the scaling law, if you go down the formal mathematics path, is going to be a lot steeper than informal mathematics. So it's not just for verification, for trust, it's also for performance, it's also for optimal generation." "Verification is not like insurance. It's not something where, oh, we want to make sure there's no flaw. That's great, but it also helps you generate mathematics, both proofs and conjectures and theories, a lot better." "So imagine the cost of proof goes to zero. Then you can massage the problem statements, and even if it's an open problem, a lot more easily, flexibly, and adaptively." Carina Hong Axiom

MTS

13,324 views • 2 months ago

Terence Tao: "Previously, you needed a PhD to contribute to math research. Now a high school student can." Dwarkesh asks the world's most famous mathematician: what's your advice for someone considering a career in math, especially in light of AI progress? Tao is honest about uncertainty: "We live in a time of change. A particularly unpredictable era. Things that we've taken for granted for centuries may not hold anymore. The way we do everything... not just mathematics... will change." He admits his preference: "In many ways, I would prefer a much more boring, quiet era where things are much the same as they were 10 or 20 years ago. But one just has to embrace this. There's going to be a lot of change. The things you study... some of them may become obsolete or revolutionized. But some things will be retained." On new opportunities: "Previously, you had to go through years and years of education and get a math PhD before you could contribute to the frontier of math research. But now it's quite possible at the high school level that you could get involved in a math project and actually make a real contribution... because of all these AI tools and Lean and everything else." His advice: "There will be a lot of non-traditional opportunities to learn. You need a very adaptable mindset. There'll be worth pursuing things just for curiosity and for playing around. Still go through traditional education and learn math and science the old-fashioned way for a while... credentials will still be important. But you should also be open to very, very different ways of doing science. Some of which don't exist yet." He concludes: "It's a scary time. But also very exciting."

Jaynit

77,803 views • 5 months ago

Several years ago, Peter Thiel shocked many people by telling Tyler Cowen he had it backwards: AI would be worse for math people than for wordcels. Tyler Cowen: “Large language models are already quite powerful. They’re only going to get better. In this world to come, will the wordcels just lose their influence? People who write, people who play around with ideas, pundits — are they just toast?” Peter Thiel: “My intuition would be it's going to be quite the opposite, where it seems much worse for the math people than the word people. What people have told me is that they think within three to five years, the Al models will be able to solve all the US Math Olympiad problems. That would shift things quite a bit. There's a longer history I always have on the math versus verbal riff. If you ask, "When did our society bias to testing people more for math ability?" I believe it was during the French Revolution because it was believed that verbal ability ran in families. Math ability was distributed in this idiot savant way throughout the population. If we prioritized math ability, it had this meritocratic but also egalitarian effect on society. Then, I think, by the time you get to the Soviet Union, Soviet Communism in the 20th century, where you give a number theorist or chess grandmaster a medal-which was always a part I was somewhat sympathetic to in the Soviet Union— maybe it's actually just a control mechanism, where the math people are singularly clueless. They don’t understand anything, but if we put them on a pedestal, and we tell everyone else you need to be like the math person, then it’s actually a way to control. Or the chess grandmaster doesn’t understand anything about the world. That’s a way to really control things. If I fast-forwarded to, let’s say, Silicon Valley in the early 21st century, it’s way too biased toward the math people. I don’t know if it’s a French Revolution thing or a Russian-Straussian, secret-cabal, control thing where you have to prioritize it. That’s the thing that seems deeply unstable, and that’s what I would bet on getting reversed, where it’s like the place where math ability — it’s the thing that’s the test for everything. It’s like if you want to go to medical school, okay, we weed people out through physics and calculus, and I’m not sure that’s really correlated with your dexterity as a neurosurgeon. I don’t really want someone operating on my brain to be doing prime number factorizations in their head while they’re operating on my brain, or something like that. In the late ’80s, early ’90s, I had a chess bias because I was a pretty good chess player. And so my chess bias was, you should just test everyone on chess ability, and that should be the gating factor. Why even do math? Why not just chess? That got undermined by the computers in 1997. Isn’t that what’s going to happen to math? And isn’t that a long-overdue rebalancing of our society?” More in clip:

Zarathustra

141,991 views • 1 month ago

I had a fantastic time discussing with the learning legend Justin Skycak from Math Academy about learning math in the modern age. we've talked about his quite impressive self-learning journey (3000h of math in high school) all the way to how he hand curated the initial knowledge graph for math academy to make that process more efficient. great lively 3h discussion here are the chapters: 0:00:00 - intro: 0:02:10 - justin background 0:05:45 - 3000h math self study in high school 0:11:45 - what a day looked like for that 3000h stretch 0:16:10 - meta-learning vs pure math learning 0:21:50 - when did you get into cognitive neuro? 0:29:55 - how did the fundamental math helped in your research projects 0:43:10 - what does the math academy learning system looks like 0:47:34 - how did you guys build the 2000 topic knowledge graph 1:01:15 - would LLM be useful as an interface to that knowledge graph for the students? 1:10:46 - how does the FIRe spaced repetition algorithm works? 1:17:34 - does the same knowledge graph structure would work for physics? or other topic?: 1:34:05 - how do you understand the subject vs the curiculum 1:35:50 - is there a connection between studying math and learning a sport? 1:42:00 - do you think in math doing and teaching requires different skills? 1:56:25 - could you get understanding without automaticy? 2:05:35 - do you see any upside of confusion in learning? 2:14:11 - learning math as an adult? 2:19:20 - how to fill the motivation gap after learning the fundamental? 2:24:10 - how should teaching math for kids and adults balance fundamentals and creativity? 2:33:55 - is it ever too late to learn math seriously? 2:46:00 - mastery learning vs ultra learning 2:51:30 - top-down vs bottom-up 2:53:40 - mastery learning for domain without a structured hierarchical structure? 2:56:30 - neurodivergence / adhd for structured math learning? 3:06:20 - amateur mathematician augmented with technology will be able to contribute to research? 3:14:37 - what are you most excited about right now in term of learning enjoy!

Yacine Mahdid

57,320 views • 6 months ago