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De toekomst van mobiliteit is aangebroken FSD Supervised has been approved in the Netherlands 🇳🇱 & will begin rolling out in the country shortly! Trained on billions of kilometers of real-world driving data, it can drive you almost anywhere under your supervision – from residential roads to city streets... show more

Tesla Europe, Middle East & Africa

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35,374,197 views • 4 months ago •via X (Twitter)

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NEWS: For the first time, Tesla has launched a whole page on its website dedicated just to FSD, and they revealed a couple new pieces of info on it! • 3.8 billion miles have bene driven on FSD (Supervised) • FSD (Supervised) is 54% safer than a human driver when it's engaged • FSD (Supervised) is trained on what amounts to over 100 years of anonymous real-world driving scenarios from Tesla's fleet of over six million vehicles. Tesla's fleet collectively experiences a lifetime of driving scenarios in 10 minutes. Link to the FSD page in the thread below.

NEWS: For the first time, Tesla has launched a whole page on its website dedicated just to FSD, and they revealed a couple new pieces of info on it! • 3.8 billion miles have bene driven on FSD (Supervised) • FSD (Supervised) is 54% safer than a human driver when it's engaged • FSD (Supervised) is trained on what amounts to over 100 years of anonymous real-world driving scenarios from Tesla's fleet of over six million vehicles. Tesla's fleet collectively experiences a lifetime of driving scenarios in 10 minutes. Link to the FSD page in the thread below.

Sawyer Merritt

367,796 views • 1 year ago

New video of Tesla’s FSD (Supervised) being used on public roads in Australia. "That is a freaky sensation. That is better than probably 60% of the drivers on Australian roads. Ok, I'm impressed. This is going quite well." FSD (Supervised) will start rolling out to HW4 Model 3 and Model Y customer cars very soon. Full video:

New video of Tesla’s FSD (Supervised) being used on public roads in Australia. "That is a freaky sensation. That is better than probably 60% of the drivers on Australian roads. Ok, I'm impressed. This is going quite well." FSD (Supervised) will start rolling out to HW4 Model 3 and Model Y customer cars very soon. Full video:

Sawyer Merritt

233,487 views • 11 months ago

BREAKING: Tesla's FSD (Supervised) is officially launching today to the general public across Australia and New Zealand. All HW4 Model 3s and Model Ys now have access. Launch details: • Eligible customers will be able to upgrade their vehicle to enable FSD (Supervised) by way of an ‘over-the-air’ update from anywhere with a WiFi connection. • FSD (Supervised) is available as an optional package for every new Tesla vehicle purchased in Australia and New Zealand. • Customers who have already taken delivery of an eligible vehicle without purchasing Full Self-Driving Capability can upgrade by purchasing the FSD (Supervised) package. Tesla is also looking to make FSD (Supervised) available soon by way of a subscription model for eligible vehicles for $149/month (AUD). No timeline for HW3 owners yet. Source:

BREAKING: Tesla's FSD (Supervised) is officially launching today to the general public across Australia and New Zealand. All HW4 Model 3s and Model Ys now have access. Launch details: • Eligible customers will be able to upgrade their vehicle to enable FSD (Supervised) by way of an ‘over-the-air’ update from anywhere with a WiFi connection. • FSD (Supervised) is available as an optional package for every new Tesla vehicle purchased in Australia and New Zealand. • Customers who have already taken delivery of an eligible vehicle without purchasing Full Self-Driving Capability can upgrade by purchasing the FSD (Supervised) package. Tesla is also looking to make FSD (Supervised) available soon by way of a subscription model for eligible vehicles for $149/month (AUD). No timeline for HW3 owners yet. Source:

Sawyer Merritt

342,041 views • 11 months ago

Mainstream media's review of Tesla's FSD (Supervised) after using it public roads in Australia: "To have this car drive me around Brisbane for an hour, we're talking in the city, motorway, spaghetti bowl of on-ramps, it handled it so well. It was mind-blowing."

Mainstream media's review of Tesla's FSD (Supervised) after using it public roads in Australia: "To have this car drive me around Brisbane for an hour, we're talking in the city, motorway, spaghetti bowl of on-ramps, it handled it so well. It was mind-blowing."

Sawyer Merritt

1,430,430 views • 11 months ago

BREAKING: 박주민, a member of the Korean parliament, test-drive a supervised (FSD) in Seoul today with support from Tesla Korea. This information was released through a YouTube live broadcast by lawmaker Park Joo-min. This is very good news because I feel that Tesla is very interested in expanding the FSD base in Korea and is working on it. In addition, more important details have been revealed, with about 3,000 active FSD vehicles currently in South Korea, and statistically, more than 90% of driving is reportedly handled by FSD. 🇰🇷 And zero accidents have occurred due to FSD. It is very good to hear that a Korean lawmaker is interested in FSD. Tesla FSD will further increase the safety of public roads.

BREAKING: 박주민, a member of the Korean parliament, test-drive a supervised (FSD) in Seoul today with support from Tesla Korea. This information was released through a YouTube live broadcast by lawmaker Park Joo-min. This is very good news because I feel that Tesla is very interested in expanding the FSD base in Korea and is working on it. In addition, more important details have been revealed, with about 3,000 active FSD vehicles currently in South Korea, and statistically, more than 90% of driving is reportedly handled by FSD. 🇰🇷 And zero accidents have occurred due to FSD. It is very good to hear that a Korean lawmaker is interested in FSD. Tesla FSD will further increase the safety of public roads.

Tsla Chan

122,237 views • 5 months ago

Tesla map data causes the most FSD (Supervised) disengagements up until now 🇳🇱 This spot in particular keeps coming up. It’s due to long term construction on different canals, but nav data doesn’t catch up with reality Unintentionally this clip shows the extreme safety and capability of FSD (Supervised) in dealing with Vulnerable Road Users Specifically that “bakfiets” that jolts from the right rear is pretty awesome

Tesla map data causes the most FSD (Supervised) disengagements up until now 🇳🇱 This spot in particular keeps coming up. It’s due to long term construction on different canals, but nav data doesn’t catch up with reality Unintentionally this clip shows the extreme safety and capability of FSD (Supervised) in dealing with Vulnerable Road Users Specifically that “bakfiets” that jolts from the right rear is pretty awesome

Kees Roelandschap

11,464 views • 2 months ago

My Tesla drives me anywhere with the press of a button on the screen. So many people have no idea, but autonomy is here. If you have a Tesla, you don't need to drive if you don't want to. The data already proves that Tesla FSD is 8x safer than humans at driving. Eight cameras and the best real-world Al are watching the roads to keep you safe at all times. It can even predict human driver movements before you do, almost like it sees the future. It's so smart. Driving in the future will essentially just become a niche thing.

My Tesla drives me anywhere with the press of a button on the screen. So many people have no idea, but autonomy is here. If you have a Tesla, you don't need to drive if you don't want to. The data already proves that Tesla FSD is 8x safer than humans at driving. Eight cameras and the best real-world Al are watching the roads to keep you safe at all times. It can even predict human driver movements before you do, almost like it sees the future. It's so smart. Driving in the future will essentially just become a niche thing.

Nic Cruz Patane

11,059 views • 2 months ago

FSD Supervised in Europe: First video of our experiences yesterday when driving with a Tesla that used FSD Supervised. Driving in Tilburg, The Netherlands. In this video you see that the Tesla takes a left turn into a narrow street. Very typical streetsize in The Netherlands and many other European countries. There’s a delivery truck standing on the road in a not so convenient way. I am extremely impressed that the Tesla decided to pass it but also how it did it. In these specific situations you so feel that the car looks all around (360 view) all the time and drives based on all that input. It was truly very cool to experience this feeling when the Tesla did this manoeuvre. Enjoy the first video! More to come…. Teslaeurope Elon Musk 🇸🇪Calle 🇸🇪

FSD Supervised in Europe: First video of our experiences yesterday when driving with a Tesla that used FSD Supervised. Driving in Tilburg, The Netherlands. In this video you see that the Tesla takes a left turn into a narrow street. Very typical streetsize in The Netherlands and many other European countries. There’s a delivery truck standing on the road in a not so convenient way. I am extremely impressed that the Tesla decided to pass it but also how it did it. In these specific situations you so feel that the car looks all around (360 view) all the time and drives based on all that input. It was truly very cool to experience this feeling when the Tesla did this manoeuvre. Enjoy the first video! More to come…. Teslaeurope Elon Musk 🇸🇪Calle 🇸🇪

Esther Rebers

15,893 views • 5 months ago

FSD supervised in Europe: Another great video of our drive with FSD supervised in Dusseldorf, Germany yesterday. Here you can clearly see how the Tesla Model 3 stays fully in control in a busy area again. Passing two parked vehicles in the street (on our lane), seeing the second vehicle even before me, reacting to a fast biker that suddenly comes from the right side, and smoothly driving over tramrails on the left lane with no markings on the street at all. FSD is so needed in Europe, it will not only make our lives safer but also so much more relaxed. What a pleasure it was to be in this car, even when we were not driving (yet). Tesla Europe, Middle East & Africa Tesla_Calle Teslarati Whole Mars Catalog Tesla Owners Silicon Valley Maye Musk S.E. Robinson, Jr. Elon Musk TeslaGermany_ Alex

FSD supervised in Europe: Another great video of our drive with FSD supervised in Dusseldorf, Germany yesterday. Here you can clearly see how the Tesla Model 3 stays fully in control in a busy area again. Passing two parked vehicles in the street (on our lane), seeing the second vehicle even before me, reacting to a fast biker that suddenly comes from the right side, and smoothly driving over tramrails on the left lane with no markings on the street at all. FSD is so needed in Europe, it will not only make our lives safer but also so much more relaxed. What a pleasure it was to be in this car, even when we were not driving (yet). Tesla Europe, Middle East & Africa Tesla_Calle Teslarati Whole Mars Catalog Tesla Owners Silicon Valley Maye Musk S.E. Robinson, Jr. Elon Musk TeslaGermany_ Alex

Esther Rebers

44,420 views • 8 months ago

Two police officers approached me in Yosemite today and told me I “cannot use FSD” because, according to them, there have been “many accidents” involving it. I highly doubt either of them has spent hundreds of hours using the latest version, bc this is what FSD v14.3.6 was doing for me… smoothly guiding my Cybertruck through Yosemite’s winding roads, slowing before sharp curves, staying centered in its lane and handling the entire drive while I enjoyed the scenery and ready to take over. I told them that I trust this technology to drive me more than I trust myself to manually drive. Of course no technology is accident-free… but the real question is how often accidents happen compared to normal human driving. And according to Tesla’s latest reported safety data, vehicles using FSD (Supervised) travel roughly 7x farther between major collisions than the U.S. average. FSD is still supervised, and the driver remains responsible at all times… but saying the technology is unsafe simply bc accidents have happened ignores the rate, the data and how quickly the system continues to improve. So I gave them both the middle finger and continued my trip on Tesla FSD.

Two police officers approached me in Yosemite today and told me I “cannot use FSD” because, according to them, there have been “many accidents” involving it. I highly doubt either of them has spent hundreds of hours using the latest version, bc this is what FSD v14.3.6 was doing for me… smoothly guiding my Cybertruck through Yosemite’s winding roads, slowing before sharp curves, staying centered in its lane and handling the entire drive while I enjoyed the scenery and ready to take over. I told them that I trust this technology to drive me more than I trust myself to manually drive. Of course no technology is accident-free… but the real question is how often accidents happen compared to normal human driving. And according to Tesla’s latest reported safety data, vehicles using FSD (Supervised) travel roughly 7x farther between major collisions than the U.S. average. FSD is still supervised, and the driver remains responsible at all times… but saying the technology is unsafe simply bc accidents have happened ignores the rate, the data and how quickly the system continues to improve. So I gave them both the middle finger and continued my trip on Tesla FSD.

Teslaconomics

80,305 views • 18 days ago

$TSLA 🇰🇷 BREAKING : I just experienced FSD (Supervised) for the first time in Korea. The vehicle is Model X and the FSD version is *V14.1.4. We have yet to see any official cases of V14 being applied outside of the United States and Canada. I've just completed my first FSD run for about an hour. (I've experienced about 10,000km of FSD in the U.S.) Except for the parking lot, there was never a case where I intervened during the FSD drive. The first impression of the FSD that works in Korea is that it is very amazing and a great achievement of the Tesla AI team. Although there was one case where I went off the road without following the navigation, the FSD thought to itself and drove on the right path. The overall experience in Korea was very good, such as turning left, turning right, U turn, joining lanes, and changing lanes. It's kind of like... an American driver driving in Korea on an international driver's license. If more data is generated in the future and the number of users increases, higher achievement of FSD in Korea is very much expected. I can't wait for more people to experience FSD in Korea! (Tesla Korea is a HW4 vehicle that purchased FSD and will update the FSD (Supervised) in the future for vehicles suitable for VIN number 5or7.

$TSLA 🇰🇷 BREAKING : I just experienced FSD (Supervised) for the first time in Korea. The vehicle is Model X and the FSD version is *V14.1.4. We have yet to see any official cases of V14 being applied outside of the United States and Canada. I've just completed my first FSD run for about an hour. (I've experienced about 10,000km of FSD in the U.S.) Except for the parking lot, there was never a case where I intervened during the FSD drive. The first impression of the FSD that works in Korea is that it is very amazing and a great achievement of the Tesla AI team. Although there was one case where I went off the road without following the navigation, the FSD thought to itself and drove on the right path. The overall experience in Korea was very good, such as turning left, turning right, U turn, joining lanes, and changing lanes. It's kind of like... an American driver driving in Korea on an international driver's license. If more data is generated in the future and the number of users increases, higher achievement of FSD in Korea is very much expected. I can't wait for more people to experience FSD in Korea! (Tesla Korea is a HW4 vehicle that purchased FSD and will update the FSD (Supervised) in the future for vehicles suitable for VIN number 5or7.

Tsla Chan

692,280 views • 8 months ago

Since Tesla FSD Supervised got approved to use in Belgium so much footage has been published here on X. We cannot be anything but impressed. I will add one more to that list. This was our first testdrive with FSD Supervised in Belgium.🇧🇪 FSD avoided an crash with a Range Rover. It stopped instantly and saw the car before we saw it. The Range Rover was driving too fast and stopped last minute. The footage doesn’t show us exactly how it felt but believe me when I say Tesla_Calle and myself were deeply impressed. This week we will get a Tesla with FSD Supervised to use for a few days. Can’t wait to also start posting about it here! Thanks for the amazing work to make Europe safer Tesla Europe, Middle East & Africa

Since Tesla FSD Supervised got approved to use in Belgium so much footage has been published here on X. We cannot be anything but impressed. I will add one more to that list. This was our first testdrive with FSD Supervised in Belgium.🇧🇪 FSD avoided an crash with a Range Rover. It stopped instantly and saw the car before we saw it. The Range Rover was driving too fast and stopped last minute. The footage doesn’t show us exactly how it felt but believe me when I say Tesla_Calle and myself were deeply impressed. This week we will get a Tesla with FSD Supervised to use for a few days. Can’t wait to also start posting about it here! Thanks for the amazing work to make Europe safer Tesla Europe, Middle East & Africa

Esther Rebers

11,603 views • 1 month ago

FSD is so confident and smooth. Can you imagine an experienced American driver hitting Chinese streets and roads the first time? Would he or she do better in these complex situations than FSD also new to China? Most likely not. Time to push it to other countries.

FSD is so confident and smooth. Can you imagine an experienced American driver hitting Chinese streets and roads the first time? Would he or she do better in these complex situations than FSD also new to China? Most likely not. Time to push it to other countries.

Ray

11,717 views • 1 year ago

Here is a highlight clip of me discussing some differences I am trying to figure out with regards to attention monitoring. Something is different in this version that seems to lose my eyes more frequently than previous builds. This was from my FSD Supervised v14.1.4 First Impressions drive that will coming out in full length soon.

Here is a highlight clip of me discussing some differences I am trying to figure out with regards to attention monitoring. Something is different in this version that seems to lose my eyes more frequently than previous builds. This was from my FSD Supervised v14.1.4 First Impressions drive that will coming out in full length soon.

Chuck Cook

23,056 views • 9 months ago

🚗✨ Smooth FSD Supervised magic in the Netherlands near my house. 🇳🇱 Watch as Tesla confidently handles traffic, slows for a construction tractor on the right, gives space to cyclists, and merges seamlessly, all while staying calm and in control. Speed drops naturally then resumes without drama. This is real-world Level 2+ autonomy doing its thing. Impressive safety and composure. It’s ready for more countries. 🇪🇺 🧿 #Tesla #FSD #FullSelfDriving #AutonomousDriving #EV

🚗✨ Smooth FSD Supervised magic in the Netherlands near my house. 🇳🇱 Watch as Tesla confidently handles traffic, slows for a construction tractor on the right, gives space to cyclists, and merges seamlessly, all while staying calm and in control. Speed drops naturally then resumes without drama. This is real-world Level 2+ autonomy doing its thing. Impressive safety and composure. It’s ready for more countries. 🇪🇺 🧿 #Tesla #FSD #FullSelfDriving #AutonomousDriving #EV

Rustavi

792,090 views • 1 month ago

🚨🇩🇰 TESLA FSD (SUPERVISED) COMING TO DENMARK? FULL SELF-DRIVING EUROPE EDITION TEASED FOR 2026 Tesla just dropped a major teaser in Denmark: FSD (Supervised) could officially launch in the country by early 2026, and yes, that would make it one of the first EU nations to get a taste of Elon’s autonomy dream. The email, sent to Danish Tesla owners, invites them to ride-alongs with Tesla Advisors, offering a guided sneak peek at what the tech will look like on European roads. “A Tesla Advisor will guide you through the ride and give you an exclusive look at what to expect when it rolls out in early 2026.” So it’s still 2 years away, it’s not unsupervised, and the EU’s red tape could throw a wrench in all of this, but despite this, Tesla’s clearly laying the groundwork now. If you think U.S. regulators were tough, just wait until European safety boards start digging into FSD decision-making on cobblestone streets in the snow. Still, if it actually happens, it’ll be a huge milestone: FSD goes multilingual, metric, and probably gets used in three languages. Source: Sawyer Merritt, Tesla

🚨🇩🇰 TESLA FSD (SUPERVISED) COMING TO DENMARK? FULL SELF-DRIVING EUROPE EDITION TEASED FOR 2026 Tesla just dropped a major teaser in Denmark: FSD (Supervised) could officially launch in the country by early 2026, and yes, that would make it one of the first EU nations to get a taste of Elon’s autonomy dream. The email, sent to Danish Tesla owners, invites them to ride-alongs with Tesla Advisors, offering a guided sneak peek at what the tech will look like on European roads. “A Tesla Advisor will guide you through the ride and give you an exclusive look at what to expect when it rolls out in early 2026.” So it’s still 2 years away, it’s not unsupervised, and the EU’s red tape could throw a wrench in all of this, but despite this, Tesla’s clearly laying the groundwork now. If you think U.S. regulators were tough, just wait until European safety boards start digging into FSD decision-making on cobblestone streets in the snow. Still, if it actually happens, it’ll be a huge milestone: FSD goes multilingual, metric, and probably gets used in three languages. Source: Sawyer Merritt, Tesla

Mario Nawfal

24,503 views • 7 months ago

How fast is FSD V14, really? Can it dodge a tire flying toward the vehicle at highway speeds? Can it safely reverse around a flock of sheep? Can it navigate a narrow cliffside road above the clouds? This compilation contains some of the most extreme real-world scenarios you may have never seen before. FSD V14 continues to push the boundaries of autonomous driving. Its capabilities may exceed your imagination. More professional extreme tests coming soon! #FSD Ashok Elluswamy Elon Musk Sawyer Merritt Whole Mars Catalog Edge Case TSLA99T

How fast is FSD V14, really? Can it dodge a tire flying toward the vehicle at highway speeds? Can it safely reverse around a flock of sheep? Can it navigate a narrow cliffside road above the clouds? This compilation contains some of the most extreme real-world scenarios you may have never seen before. FSD V14 continues to push the boundaries of autonomous driving. Its capabilities may exceed your imagination. More professional extreme tests coming soon! #FSD Ashok Elluswamy Elon Musk Sawyer Merritt Whole Mars Catalog Edge Case TSLA99T

BigHu-L5

53,939 views • 2 months ago

$TSLA 🇰🇷 NEWS: Tesla Korea hosted a test drive experience event at a welfare center for the disabled in Korea through its FSD(Supervised). The people who participated in the test drive event said this. • "I have a lot of inconvenience driving because it's hard for me to use my hands and feet properly, but FSD is an essential function for the elderly or disabled because it solves these difficulties or helps greatly." For more people in the future, Tesla's FSD will really provide usefulness. This video has been uploaded on Tesla Korea's official Instagram.

$TSLA 🇰🇷 NEWS: Tesla Korea hosted a test drive experience event at a welfare center for the disabled in Korea through its FSD(Supervised). The people who participated in the test drive event said this. • "I have a lot of inconvenience driving because it's hard for me to use my hands and feet properly, but FSD is an essential function for the elderly or disabled because it solves these difficulties or helps greatly." For more people in the future, Tesla's FSD will really provide usefulness. This video has been uploaded on Tesla Korea's official Instagram.

Tsla Chan

30,017 views • 4 months ago

Data has always been the bottleneck for physical AI in self driving and robotics. Tesla is taking two very different approaches for FSD and Optimus. Tesla’s Optimus Training Playbook: 1. Build 30k Optimus Gen 3 robots 2. Operate them in a mock environment where they can perform self-play “Optimus Academy” 3. Train in sim using the real robot data to close sim2real gap. Tesla FSD Training Playbook: 1. Sell millions of cars outfitted with cheap cameras 2. Collect diverse real world driving data (especially intervention and failure recovery data) for free as a byproduct of customers driving the cars. 3. Use driving data to train Autopilot/FSD and deploy policies incrementally as a supervised FSD product 4. Repeat until policy reaches robust unsupervised full self driving for robotaxi launch. The Tesla FSD playbook is a beautiful self-funding, customer subsidized, diverse real world data flywheel. The Optimus playbook is the opposite and shares none of the beautiful attributes of the FSD training flywheel that made FSD successful. The key differences: 1. Instead of having customers pay you for vehicles, Tesla will need to fund 30,000 Optimus robots. Assuming the current landed cost per unit is $100k, that will be $3B to build plus another ~30% per year for maintenance labor and spare parts given it’s still an unhardened pre-production prototype is another $900M per year. For reference, Tesla’s GAAP net income in 2025 was $3.8B. 2. Instead of having customers drive their Teslas on roads all across the world giving Tesla an insanely rich and diverse dataset that Waymo and other AV companies could never collect, the Optimus Academy is doing the equivalent of building a fake town in a parking lot and driving their car in that parking lot. No matter how real you try to make the environments for self-play you can never replicate the diversity, complexity and failure modes of the real world. Data collected in staged environments produces demo-grade policies and will not be rich enough to generalize to the vast diversity of environments, tasks, objects, etc. out of distribution. 3. Instead of having customers collect real world failure recovery data (DAgger style) for free every time FSD disengages, the Optimus Academy will need paid teleoperators or onsite operators to collect the recovery data. Assuming 1 person can manage 2 robots to start that would cost $3.5B in labor per year (30,000 robots, $40/hr fully loaded, 16 hrs/day, 365 days per year, 2:1 robot:operator). Tesla can come up with the money to do this but money doesn’t solve the “mock data” problem. Given the higher degrees of freedom in humanoids vs. cars, training a generalized humanoid will be harder and require more data than a self-driving vehicle. The best way to train your robot is by deploying them in the diverse real world, subsidized by real customer operations. Humanoids face a chicken and egg where it’s very hard to bootstrap your way to a first policy that’s good enough to deploy in real production environments. This is an extremely capital intensive playbook (which doesn’t even include cost of training). Time will tell if it works but a better playbook would be finding a way to copy the FSD playbook.

Data has always been the bottleneck for physical AI in self driving and robotics. Tesla is taking two very different approaches for FSD and Optimus. Tesla’s Optimus Training Playbook: 1. Build 30k Optimus Gen 3 robots 2. Operate them in a mock environment where they can perform self-play “Optimus Academy” 3. Train in sim using the real robot data to close sim2real gap. Tesla FSD Training Playbook: 1. Sell millions of cars outfitted with cheap cameras 2. Collect diverse real world driving data (especially intervention and failure recovery data) for free as a byproduct of customers driving the cars. 3. Use driving data to train Autopilot/FSD and deploy policies incrementally as a supervised FSD product 4. Repeat until policy reaches robust unsupervised full self driving for robotaxi launch. The Tesla FSD playbook is a beautiful self-funding, customer subsidized, diverse real world data flywheel. The Optimus playbook is the opposite and shares none of the beautiful attributes of the FSD training flywheel that made FSD successful. The key differences: 1. Instead of having customers pay you for vehicles, Tesla will need to fund 30,000 Optimus robots. Assuming the current landed cost per unit is $100k, that will be $3B to build plus another ~30% per year for maintenance labor and spare parts given it’s still an unhardened pre-production prototype is another $900M per year. For reference, Tesla’s GAAP net income in 2025 was $3.8B. 2. Instead of having customers drive their Teslas on roads all across the world giving Tesla an insanely rich and diverse dataset that Waymo and other AV companies could never collect, the Optimus Academy is doing the equivalent of building a fake town in a parking lot and driving their car in that parking lot. No matter how real you try to make the environments for self-play you can never replicate the diversity, complexity and failure modes of the real world. Data collected in staged environments produces demo-grade policies and will not be rich enough to generalize to the vast diversity of environments, tasks, objects, etc. out of distribution. 3. Instead of having customers collect real world failure recovery data (DAgger style) for free every time FSD disengages, the Optimus Academy will need paid teleoperators or onsite operators to collect the recovery data. Assuming 1 person can manage 2 robots to start that would cost $3.5B in labor per year (30,000 robots, $40/hr fully loaded, 16 hrs/day, 365 days per year, 2:1 robot:operator). Tesla can come up with the money to do this but money doesn’t solve the “mock data” problem. Given the higher degrees of freedom in humanoids vs. cars, training a generalized humanoid will be harder and require more data than a self-driving vehicle. The best way to train your robot is by deploying them in the diverse real world, subsidized by real customer operations. Humanoids face a chicken and egg where it’s very hard to bootstrap your way to a first policy that’s good enough to deploy in real production environments. This is an extremely capital intensive playbook (which doesn’t even include cost of training). Time will tell if it works but a better playbook would be finding a way to copy the FSD playbook.

Simon Kalouche

34,671 views • 6 months ago