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Ethereum Part 16: Quantum Security. Quantum computers can crack every Ethereum wallet in under 9 minutes. Four attack surfaces: validator signatures, KZG commitments, wallet keys, ZK proofs. Ethereumfndn has been building the fix since 2018. Watch video👇

55,871 просмотров • 5 месяцев назад •via X (Twitter)

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Can a sufficiently powerful quantum computer forge the signatures used to authorize Bitcoin and Ethereum transactions? What would it take to upgrade both networks before that happens? In this new lecture, Stanford cryptographer Dan Boneh explores why blockchains may turn to signatures built from hash functions. He also presents new research on threshold signing. The talk ends with the questions Bitcoin still has to answer, including whether post-quantum signatures will require larger blocks, what happens to abandoned coins, and how someone such as Satoshi could prove ownership after Bitcoin’s current signatures have been retired. 00:00 Why blockchains need to prepare for quantum computers 03:05 Why Bitcoin may bet on hash-based signatures 06:25 The “big footgun” in stateful signatures 08:58 A quantum-safe signature that takes one billion hashes 14:13 Inside SLH-DSA’s virtual tree 20:30 How Bitcoin and Ethereum could make the switch 23:48 What happens when a wallet loses its state? 32:47 Can threshold signing survive the quantum transition? 36:39 How to hide lattice cryptography from the blockchain 38:49 Why threshold one-time signatures seem impossible 45:36 How context prevents forged signatures 49:37 The forgotten idea behind Winternitz signatures 54:50 Turning one-time signatures into threshold signatures 1:04:27 Will quantum-safe signatures require bigger Bitcoin blocks? 1:06:26 Abandoned bitcoin and Satoshi’s recovery problem

a16z crypto

120,715 просмотров • 1 месяц назад

BITCOIN RAILS #69: ZERO-KNOWLEDGE PROOFS FOR POST-QUANTUM BITCOIN | with Benedikt Bünz 🔗 YOUTUBE: 🌿 SPOTIFY: While many Bitcoiners remain hopeful the network will embrace zero-knowledge proofs for protocol-level use cases, practical adoption has remained limited outside of BitVM and a handful of experimental proposals. Most of the world’s ZKP research has circled around Ethereum and other ecosystems, where significant resources have been dedicated to advancing these systems, particularly for scaling and privacy applications. One of the most notable contributors to this research is Benedikt Bünz ☕️ — professor of cryptography at NYU and collaborator of Dan Boneh, who together inarguably form one of the strongest blockchain-applied cryptography teams in the world. The pair recently announced they’ll be leading the new post-quantum cryptography unit localhost research — the first dedicated PQ research effort within a major Bitcoin development organization. With Benedikt leading the charge on the use of zero-knowledge proofs for post-quantum mitigation, the question emerges: will the post-quantum transition be the catalyst to finally bring zero-knowledge proofs to Bitcoin's core protocol? In more detail, Benedikt and I discuss: - Why ZKPs haven’t been widely adopted by the Bitcoin technical community — and why the threat of quantum computers may change that posture going forward - How ZKPs could be used for signature batching to address larger post-quantum signatures in Bitcoin’s post-quantum era - Why Bitcoiners will likely prioritize hash-based signatures as an initial post-quantum scheme — rather than more efficient but less proven alternatives (e.g., lattice-based) - How ZKPs have evolved over the last decade and may finally be ready for Bitcoin’s strict requirements around trust assumptions - Why Benedikt and Dan are teaming up with localhost research to create the first post-quantum cryptography unit within a major Bitcoin development organization + what they hope to accomplish This episode of Bitcoin Rails is brought to you by: LayerTwo Labs LayerTwo Labs — developing research, software, and technologies for scaling Bitcoin via the integration of Drivechains (BIP 300/301) Hashi on Sui — a primitive for executing Bitcoin DeFi transactions, without having to trust a federated bridge or other centralized entity BitBox BitBox — an open-source Bitcoin-only hardware wallet, with smooth UX and no compromises on security. Check out Bitbox [dot] swiss and use code BITCOINRAILS to get a discount TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 — Intro 00:22 — Benedikt's background 04:10 — How Benedikt got into Bitcoin and cryptography 07:42 — First ZK project: proving exchange solvency after Mt. Gox 16:01 — ZK proofs explained 27:43 — How security gets popular & ZK proofs in Bitcoin 35:49 — Other applications of ZK proofs for Bitcoin 40:15 — Why ZK proofs haven't been adopted in Bitcoin 50:46 — Why the Bitcoin post-quantum transition needs ZK proofs 01:07:00 — Cryptographic agility and why lattices win 01:18:00 — The size problem and how SNARKs solve it 01:33:57 — Proving a Bitcoin block in a laptop in 1.5 seconds 01:37:12 — Bitcoin as the primary quantum target 01:40:47 — ZK proofs for seed phrase recovery

Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️

19,872 просмотров • 2 месяцев назад

We are excited to announce the launch of QShield Terminal, the world's first Quantum-Secured Privacy Terminal for Ethereum. QShield brings full financial privacy to Ethereum without the need for mixers, tumblers, or any third-party tools. Everything is handled directly through the QShield interface using zero-knowledge proofs on RAILGUN Protocol. What QShield Terminal offers today: • Shield any ERC-20 token from your public wallet into a fully private balance • Send and receive tokens with zero on-chain trace • Create multiple independent shielded wallets • Transfer between your own shielded wallets with no connection between them on-chain • Switch between public wallets to fund your shielded balance from any wallet you own • Support for ETH, USDC, USDT, DAI, WBTC and 290+ ERC-20 tokens • Quantum entropy wallet generation using real quantum randomness • 100% web-based, no downloads, no browser extensions No mixer. No tumbler. No compromises. Just real privacy through cryptography, accessible to everyone directly from the browser. This is the first product of its kind. No other privacy solution combines multi-shielded wallets, inter-wallet transfers, quantum entropy, and a full guided interface in one place. You can try it now: We are working on additional features including private token swaps directly from your shielded balance, and we will keep expanding the protocol with new capabilities over the coming period. We keep building. RAILGUN - Private Ethereum DeFi

Qubit

26,142 просмотров • 7 месяцев назад

Just finished an absolute monster of a podcast with Justin Drake, and it’s packed with brain-melting insights on the future of Ethereum. Here are the juiciest takeaways from Part I 👇 Ethereum’s future could turn the L1 into a rollup itself and making it the best type of rollup. Justin lays out how the L1, L2s, and new designs like Beamchain, native rollups, and based sequencing all come together into a unified vision for Ethereum as the credibly neutral internet of finance. What’s Broken Today • L2s are siloed — synchronous composability is dead. • Most rely on centralized sequencers, multisigs & slow exit bridges. • L2-native assets break Ethereum’s trustless bridge model. • Governance delays, security councils, & EVM reimplementation = attack surfaces. The Fix: Ethereum-native Infrastructure • Based Rollups: Use Ethereum L1 validators as the sequencer. Removes centralization risk, restores censorship resistance. • Native Rollups: No more reimplementing the EVM. No more Security Council multisigs. They inherit Ethereum’s execution layer by design. •Preconfirmations: Users get fast UX (e.g., instant trading feedback) via ETH-backed inclusion guarantees from L1 validators, with slashing if they lie. • Real-Time ZK Proofs: Slot-by-slot proving is here. ZK-enabled rollups with instant finality are becoming possible. To get there, Ethereum is moving toward real-time, slot-by-slot proving using ZK SNARKs. This enables constant-time verification and removes the need for validators to re-execute blocks. Native rollups use a new EXECUTE precompile to introspect and reuse Ethereum’s state transition function. There is no EVM emulation, no governance lag, and no reliance on Security Councils. Preconfirmations offer ETH-backed execution guarantees per slot, priced to offset MEV opportunity loss, while based rollups decentralize sequencing by aligning with Ethereum’s validator set. Beamchain pushes this vision further: a clean-slate Ethereum L1 design that is post-quantum secure, radically simplified (validators could run on a Raspberry Pi), and ossified through optimality. It proposes gigagas/s throughput via ZK proofs, validator statelessness, and Attester-Proposer-Separation (APS) to maximize decentralization and censorship resistance, allowing Ethereum L1 to scale as a high-performance rollup itself. If you're building on Ethereum or betting on its future, this convo is mandatory listening. To be continued in Part II....

Luis

17,769 просмотров • 1 год назад

📣 Dmitry Saksonov: A Message to the Community You've been waiting for this. We've been waiting for this. And today is the day we start showing our hand. 🎬 In this video, Dmitry Saksonov — the founder of our ecosystem — speaks openly for the first time about the journey from 2023 to 2026. About those who believed first. About every single person who became the foundation of what we're building 🙏 ▶ Watch this video. Listen to his words. This isn't just a progress report. It's an honest conversation about why we are destined to succeed. 🌍 But what's next? The world is changing right now. 🇺🇸 The US administration is investing $2 billion into quantum technologies — the largest government investment in the sector to date. 🧠 Quantum is the next frontier after AI. And those who aren't ready for the quantum era will be left behind. ⚠ Neither Bitcoin nor Ethereum are prepared for this. Their cryptography is vulnerable. ⚡ ATOM Quantum ($ATQM) — this is what comes next ⚡ A quantum-resistant reserve asset for the AI era. A financial operating system for the post-quantum age, built on Super-Quantum Ruliadic Oracle technology. 🏔 It's the apex of everything we've built — the layer that unites JGGL, ATLA, IMBA, and TEKI into one unbreakable system. ⚙ The MVP is in its final stages. Our engineers are working 16-hour days 👨‍💻 ✅ Post-quantum signatures ✅ Fast blocks ✅ EVM compatibility All of this is already being tested. 🔐 How to become part of ATOM Quantum? ATOM Quantum can't simply be bought. 🚫 It's not available to those who haven't walked this path with us 🗓 Tomorrow we're launching Atom Quantum Packs. Atom Quantum Packs are your exclusive access to $ATQM. But to unlock the ability to purchase them, you must prove your commitment to the ecosystem 👇 You must hold all four of our core assets: 🪙 JGGL 🔷 ATLA 🎵 IMBA 🎬 TEKI (any amount) 🧩 Only those who've collected all four elements will receive the key to Atom Quantum Packs. 👁 Watch the video. Understand the scale of what we're building. And get ready🚀

Atleta Network

26,546 просмотров • 4 месяцев назад

Quantum computing can destroy crypto market. What's scarier is that our transaction data is being harvested right now. no one is paying attention because it feels like a future problem. sat down with C J $DIAM [founder of DIAM ] Since 2018, he's been quietly building the quantum-proof security layer that the entire $2.4 trillion crypto market will eventually depend on. Long before anyone was paying attention. Here's everything we got into: TIMESTAMPS 00:00 — The $2.4 trillion sitting exposed right now 00:16 — "Harvest now, decrypt later" - what it actually means 01:11 — What's already happening in the shadows of the internet 02:43 — Google just moved the quantum threat timeline to 2029 03:07 — Why waiting until 2029 to prepare is already too late 04:47 — What Diamante actually is (explained for a 15-year-old) 05:33 — Why Bitcoin and Ethereum can't simply "upgrade" to quantum-proof 07:41 — The brutal truth: legacy chains would need a full network fork 09:00 — Are your funds safe in a hot or cold wallet right now? 10:11 — "If you're a fish, you're safe. If you're a whale…" 11:03 — How developers can build or migrate onto Diamante today 12:55 — 120,000 TPS - with quantum encryption live on mainnet 13:02 — What's already being built on the ecosystem 14:04 — Quantum-secured VPN - the first viral use case incoming 15:11 — The ferrochrome giant tokenizing $3B in assets on Diamante 16:07 — How Diamante raised from the Abu Dhabi royal family 19:09 — What YOU can actually do today to protect yourself 22:06 — The psychology of building a 10-year vision in a 10-second market 24:00 — Why patient investors are Diamante's secret weapon 28:42 — What the world looks like in 2035 when quantum hits mainstream 33:39 — What the Diamante community will remember when the storm arrives 35:03 — Why Chirag doesn't see quantum security as a competition 37:43 — RAPID FIRE: AI agents - most overrated trend in crypto? 38:10 — The one builder Chirag respects most (the answer will surprise no one) part that stuck with me most wasn't the tech. It was when Chirag talked about the moments he almost gave up... He built through years when "quantum" wasn't even a narrative, let alone a trend. One of the most grounded conversations I've had on The Based Show.

Sahib

18,917 просмотров • 5 месяцев назад

BITCOIN RAILS #61: QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY FOR BITCOIN | with Dan Boneh Dan Boneh 🔗 YOUTUBE: 🌿 SPOTIFY: One of the most prolific and influential cryptographers in the world, it’s difficult to fully quantify the impact that Dan Boneh has had on Bitcoin and digital assets more broadly. Through both his own research and his mentorship of some of the space’s most important contributors — e.g. Andrew Poelstra, Benedikt Bünz ☕️, and Robin Linus — few people have done more to shape the cryptographic foundations underlying modern blockchains and digital finance. More recently, Dan co-authored Google's widely discussed paper, “Securing Elliptic Curve Cryptocurrencies against Quantum Vulnerabilities,” which reduced prior estimates of the resources required to run Shor’s algorithm against the elliptic-curve cryptography used by Bitcoin. The paper reignited debate around quantum computing timelines and the long-term security assumptions behind modern cryptocurrencies. In this episode of Bitcoin Rails, Dan and I discuss the current state of quantum computing, its potential implications for Bitcoin, and how he believes the Bitcoin community should think about preparing for a post-quantum future over the coming decade and beyond. And yes, Dan shares his take on the “when quantum” question in the interview, among other key perspectives. This episode of Bitcoin Rails is brought to you by my NEW sponsors: LayerTwo Labs LayerTwo Labs — developing research, software, and technologies for scaling Bitcoin via the integration of Drivechains (BIP 300/301) Hashi on Sui — a primitive for executing Bitcoin Defi transactions, without having to trust a federated bridge or other centralized entity BitBox BitBox — an open-source Bitcoin-only hardware wallet, with smooth UX and no compromises on security. Check out Bitbox [dot] swiss and use code BITCOINRAILS to get a discount TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 — Intro and Dan’s history with cryptography and Bitcoin 11:44 — Shor's algorithm: how a 1994 paper became cryptography's most important threat 16:39 — Building a quantum computer: superconducting qubits vs neutral atoms 25:37 — When should we start worrying about quantum computers? The timeline debate 31:51 — Have we already reached quantum computing's “ahá” moment? 39:09 — Inside the Google paper: how Shor's algorithm was optimized 49:57 — The Bitcoin mempool attack and the 10-minute window 59:21 — Mitigation: what should Bitcoin do to prepare for quantum? 1:11:54 — Hash-based vs lattice-based signatures: Dan's case for lattice 1:23:15 — ZK proofs, BIP361, and what to do with Satoshi's coins 1:31:52 — Encrypted mempools and MEV 1:38:29 — Why Bitcoin will survive quantum and Dan's message to Bitcoin builders

Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️

115,035 просмотров • 4 месяцев назад

People are losing their minds over the idea of quantum computing breaking Bitcoin, but the panic is largely detached from reality. If you listen to Eric Yakes, the fear-mongering is completely off base. The theoretical threat relies on quantum computers factoring large prime numbers fast enough to crack current cryptography. To date, the largest number a quantum computer has successfully factored is 15. "Neven's Law" says quantum power grows at a doubly exponential rate. It's a projection people are using to raise money for their projects, rather than a measurement we are seeing in real life. Compare that to Moore's Law, which we actually watched happen in real time. While physical qubits are increasing and error rates are slowly declining, there is a massive technical hurdle: error rates scale exponentially with qubit count. Adding more power creates more "noise," making the machine harder to stabilize. "But institutional capital is worried!" That's fine. Institutional capital has been wrong about Bitcoin for a decade. If they're selling on quantum FUD, that's cheap sats for the rest of us. Bitcoin devs have been on this for years and are taking steps to mitigate the risk. BIP-360 was just merged into the Bitcoin GitHub repository and Chaincode Labs has published plenty of serious research. If a real threat emerges, every stakeholder is incentivized to adopt quantum-resistant signatures and consensus won't be the obstacle people think it is. Start paying attention to what's actually being built and take your finger off the panic button. Full breakdown 👇

Bitcoin News

15,241 просмотров • 7 месяцев назад

BITCOIN RAILS #59: Post-Quantum Bitcoin Signatures (+ their tradeoffs) | with BIP 360 co-author Ethan ✨ is on BlueSky✨ Heilman 🐱 and Blockstream Head of Research Jonas Nick 🔗 YOUTUBE: 🌿 SPOTIFY: According to BIP 360 co-author Ethan Heilman, Bitcoin needs a minimum of two soft forks to become quantum resistant: P2MR (or an output type that can safely execute PQ signatures) + a post-quantum checksig (signature scheme). Ethan and the BIP 360 team (including myself and Hunter Beast 🕯️) introduced the P2MR part via a BIP 360 update late last year—but the question remains, what’s the most appropriate PQ signature scheme for Bitcoin? They all have substantive tradeoffs, but hash-based signatures seem to be leading technical discourse—likely due to recent optimizations by Jonas Nick and the broader Blockstream research team. It was an honor to sit down with both of these men - arguably the two most influential and productive cryptographers in Bitcoin quantum mitigation right now - for an in-depth review of the leading PQ signature schemes and a temperature check on Bitcoin’s post-quantum planning process. TBH, if you want to skip the noise and jump straight to the signal on quantum, this is the interview to watch. In this episode, we discuss: - What needs to happen at the soft fork, infra, and mitigation levels to fully quantum-harden Bitcoin - Recent updates to BIP 360 + breakdown of the leading hash-based signatures schemes for Bitcoin (SHRINCS + SHRIMPS) - Why we may actually get consensus around a stateful scheme for Bitcoin - Comparisons of hash-based signatures vs Lattice and Isogeny-based schemes - Assessing the risks of both waiting too long and acting too fast (and why quantum is a better threat to be facing than a potential classical attack) This episode of Bitcoin Rails is brought to you by my NEW sponsors: - LayerTwo Labs LayerTwo Labs — developing research, software, and technologies for scaling Bitcoin via the integration of Drivechains (BIP 300/301) - Hashi on Sui — a primitive for executing Bitcoin Defi transactions, without having to trust a federated bridge or other centralized entity - BitBox BitBox — an open-source Bitcoin-only hardware wallet, with smooth UX and no compromises on security. Check out Bitbox [dot] swiss and use code BITCOINRAILS to get a discount TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Intro 02:18 Ethan’s Quantum Wakeup 05:18 How Blockstream Enters Post Quantum 09:25 BIP 360 Explained 12:11 How Bitcoin Transitions to PQ 17:35 Choosing Post Quantum Signatures 23:20 How Blockstream Created SHRINCS 27:22 Signature Budgets Importance Explained 41:13 What are SHRIMPS? 44:51 SHRIMPS vs SHRINCS 47:48 Why SLH-DSA Alone Won’t Cut It 49:24 Is a SHRIMPS + SHRINCS BIP Coming? 51:51 Blockstream’s Big Plans for Liquid 59:04 Quantum Readiness Roadmap 01:02:22 Importance of a PQ Recovery Plan 01:05:35 How Long Would a PQ Migration Take 01:11:17 Quantum Watchlist Recommendations

Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️

24,109 просмотров • 5 месяцев назад

E184: Trezor CTO: Why Smart People Still Get Scammed and How To Spot An AI Deepfake Before It Drains Your Wallet Tomas Susanka is the CTO of Trezor. He studied cryptography before building the hardware wallets that pioneered self-custody. We get into why people are so bad at judging risk, how scammers now use AI to sound completely legit, and whether quantum computers are actually coming for Bitcoin. Timestamps 0:00 Intro 4:15 What Tomas Actually Builds 6:28 Why Bitcoin Still Matters 8:25 Who Is Tomas Susanka? 10:10 Why Humans Suck At Security 12:58 Why We Downplay Risk 14:27 How To Actually Think About Risk 15:25 Does Being Smart Lower Your Risk? 16:54 Why Smart People Fall For Scams 23:39 How To Actually Fix The Scam Problem 25:12 Partnerships: Piero Negrini Bitwise 28:57 How Tomas Protects His Own Assets 29:49 The Craziest Hack Tomas Has Seen 31:24 The Security Habit That Looks Insane 32:27 Why Self-Custody Actually Matters 36:05 When You Actually Need A Hardware Wallet 41:42 Hardware Wallet Myths Debunked 44:16 Solving Crypto's Inheritance Problem 46:29 Should You Keep Assets On An Exchange? 47:32 Partnership: KAST 48:20 The Security Setup For Kevin's Grandma 50:08 How To Stop Hacks And Scams 1:01:57 Should You Upgrade Your Trezor? 1:04:02 The Weirdest Seed Phrase Hiding Spot 1:05:28 How Self-Custody Stops Being Archaic 1:08:07 Partnerships: Jupiter Ethena 1:08:50 The Biggest Problem With Self-Custody 1:09:52 Is Quantum Computing A Real Threat? 1:14:48 Who's Actually Taking Quantum Seriously? 1:20:41 Who's Protecting Bitcoin From Quantum? 1:23:58 The Crypto Belief Tomas Rejects 1:25:03 Is Self-Custody Oversold? 1:26:12 Is There A Future For Digital Identity? 1:27:56 Is Self-Custody Getting Too Complicated? 1:28:42 The Worst Advice Tomas Has Heard 1:29:43 Does AI Make You Safer Or More Vulnerable? 1:31:25 Closing Thoughts

MR SHIFT 🦁

92,046 просмотров • 1 месяц назад