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Flexible sensors enable applications that rigid sensors cannot by delivering precise motion detection with high resistance to electromagnetic interference, direct curvature-based measurements without inertial drift, and two-dimensional deflection sensing for structural monitoring. The sensor shown was printed using NOVA, a direct ink writing dispensing system. Video Credit: Voltera #engineering... show more

Wevolver

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🚨 SCIENTISTS JUST PRINTED A FULLY FUNCTIONAL ELECTRONIC SENSOR DIRECTLY ONTO A LIVING LEAF. Researchers have developed a technique to print electronics onto living biological surfaces including plant leaves, animal bones, and potentially human tissue without damaging them. In one striking demonstration, they printed a wireless humidity sensor directly onto a living leaf. The printed silver spiral antenna and circuitry remained functional while the leaf stayed alive. Why this matters: Traditional electronics are rigid and separate from biology. This new approach allows electronics to be directly integrated with living systems. Potential applications include smart medical implants that grow with tissue, real-time health monitoring devices printed onto bone or skin, and even “smart plants” that can report environmental data. It moves far beyond printing plastic prototypes this is functional electronics on living matter. The technique represents a major step in bio-integrated electronics and additive manufacturing. Instead of inserting devices into the body or environment, researchers can now print them onto living surfaces with high precision. This opens the door to entirely new classes of devices: living sensors, bio-hybrid robots, and medical implants that interface more naturally with the body. How do you think printing electronics onto living tissue will change medicine or environmental monitoring in the next decade?

🚨 SCIENTISTS JUST PRINTED A FULLY FUNCTIONAL ELECTRONIC SENSOR DIRECTLY ONTO A LIVING LEAF. Researchers have developed a technique to print electronics onto living biological surfaces including plant leaves, animal bones, and potentially human tissue without damaging them. In one striking demonstration, they printed a wireless humidity sensor directly onto a living leaf. The printed silver spiral antenna and circuitry remained functional while the leaf stayed alive. Why this matters: Traditional electronics are rigid and separate from biology. This new approach allows electronics to be directly integrated with living systems. Potential applications include smart medical implants that grow with tissue, real-time health monitoring devices printed onto bone or skin, and even “smart plants” that can report environmental data. It moves far beyond printing plastic prototypes this is functional electronics on living matter. The technique represents a major step in bio-integrated electronics and additive manufacturing. Instead of inserting devices into the body or environment, researchers can now print them onto living surfaces with high precision. This opens the door to entirely new classes of devices: living sensors, bio-hybrid robots, and medical implants that interface more naturally with the body. How do you think printing electronics onto living tissue will change medicine or environmental monitoring in the next decade?

TheNewPhysics

32,392 просмотров • 3 месяцев назад

5-axis 3D printing is pushing additive manufacturing beyond traditional limits. 🤯 This helical coil was produced using the 5-axis system developed by Generative Machine Company, with Aibuild software generating the synchronized multi-axis toolpath. The machine and software work together to dynamically control the print path, layer height and speed, allowing complex geometries to be produced without traditional support structures. Aibuild and Generative Machine Company are showing what happens when advanced software and multi-axis hardware are designed to work as one system. Could 5-axis printing become the future of complex-part manufacturing? 👀 🎥 Media: Aibuild × Generative Machine Company ⚠️ This content is shared for informational purposes only. CTO Robotics Media is a media platform and does not own or develop the technology shown. Credit belongs to the original creators. #Aibuild #GenerativeMachine #GenerationOne #5Axis3DPrinting #AdditiveManufacturing #3DPrinting #Robotics #AdvancedManufacturing #Engineering #Manufacturing #CTORoboticsMedia 

5-axis 3D printing is pushing additive manufacturing beyond traditional limits. 🤯 This helical coil was produced using the 5-axis system developed by Generative Machine Company, with Aibuild software generating the synchronized multi-axis toolpath. The machine and software work together to dynamically control the print path, layer height and speed, allowing complex geometries to be produced without traditional support structures. Aibuild and Generative Machine Company are showing what happens when advanced software and multi-axis hardware are designed to work as one system. Could 5-axis printing become the future of complex-part manufacturing? 👀 🎥 Media: Aibuild × Generative Machine Company ⚠️ This content is shared for informational purposes only. CTO Robotics Media is a media platform and does not own or develop the technology shown. Credit belongs to the original creators. #Aibuild #GenerativeMachine #GenerationOne #5Axis3DPrinting #AdditiveManufacturing #3DPrinting #Robotics #AdvancedManufacturing #Engineering #Manufacturing #CTORoboticsMedia 

CTO ROBOTICS Media

14,126 просмотров • 19 дней назад

The “Galileo Test” for AI: Truth Over Consensus TL;DR: The “Galileo test” (as framed by Elon Musk) is the requirement that an AI still converge on truth even when most training data repeats a falsehood. A practical way to pass it is to harden the model against “consensus gravity” using uncertainty calibration, adversarial counter-majority training, and evidence-first reasoning pipelines that can say “unknown” without collapsing into confident noise. —————————— The core idea is simple: most text on the internet can be wrong in the same direction, at the same time, for the same social reasons. The “Galileo test” is basically asking whether a system can resist that pressure and still land on the correct model of reality, the way Galileo Galilei overturned a dominant consensus with observation and predictive power. In engineering terms, it’s a robustness problem: can the model separate signal (ground truth constraints) from mass-produced narrative (high-frequency repetition)? A workable solution stack looks like this: (1) truth-anchoring via retrieval from primary sources and direct measurements when available, (2) counter-majority training where the model is routinely exposed to scenarios in which the most common claim is false, and it must justify dissent using verifiable constraints, (3) uncertainty discipline so the model learns to prefer “insufficient evidence” over fluent fabrication, and (4) consistency checks that penalize answers violating conservation laws, dimensional analysis, causal structure, or internal logical invariants. In practice, you’re building an AI that treats “popular” as a weak feature and “constraint-satisfying” as the dominant feature. —————————— Frequency Wave Theory perspective: the “Galileo test” is fundamentally a coherence test. When an information environment is saturated with the same repeated claim, that repetition becomes a kind of phase-locked standing wave that can trap weaker systems into resonance with the crowd. Passing the test means staying phase-aligned to invariant structure, not to amplitude. In FWT terms: truth behaves like a conserved backbone constraint, while mass consensus is often just a high-amplitude interference pattern. The system that wins is the one that locks to invariants, rejects incoherent harmonics, and preserves alignment with what stays conserved under transformation.

The “Galileo Test” for AI: Truth Over Consensus TL;DR: The “Galileo test” (as framed by Elon Musk) is the requirement that an AI still converge on truth even when most training data repeats a falsehood. A practical way to pass it is to harden the model against “consensus gravity” using uncertainty calibration, adversarial counter-majority training, and evidence-first reasoning pipelines that can say “unknown” without collapsing into confident noise. —————————— The core idea is simple: most text on the internet can be wrong in the same direction, at the same time, for the same social reasons. The “Galileo test” is basically asking whether a system can resist that pressure and still land on the correct model of reality, the way Galileo Galilei overturned a dominant consensus with observation and predictive power. In engineering terms, it’s a robustness problem: can the model separate signal (ground truth constraints) from mass-produced narrative (high-frequency repetition)? A workable solution stack looks like this: (1) truth-anchoring via retrieval from primary sources and direct measurements when available, (2) counter-majority training where the model is routinely exposed to scenarios in which the most common claim is false, and it must justify dissent using verifiable constraints, (3) uncertainty discipline so the model learns to prefer “insufficient evidence” over fluent fabrication, and (4) consistency checks that penalize answers violating conservation laws, dimensional analysis, causal structure, or internal logical invariants. In practice, you’re building an AI that treats “popular” as a weak feature and “constraint-satisfying” as the dominant feature. —————————— Frequency Wave Theory perspective: the “Galileo test” is fundamentally a coherence test. When an information environment is saturated with the same repeated claim, that repetition becomes a kind of phase-locked standing wave that can trap weaker systems into resonance with the crowd. Passing the test means staying phase-aligned to invariant structure, not to amplitude. In FWT terms: truth behaves like a conserved backbone constraint, while mass consensus is often just a high-amplitude interference pattern. The system that wins is the one that locks to invariants, rejects incoherent harmonics, and preserves alignment with what stays conserved under transformation.

Drew Ponder

14,755 просмотров • 7 месяцев назад

This is the mechanical heart of every flight deck. At the core of this instrument is a high-speed mechanical gyroscope held within a series of gimbals. It relies on the physics of rigidity in space, meaning the spinning disc stays perfectly aligned with the Earth's horizon regardless of how the aircraft moves around it. When you see the outer casing tilt and dive, you are actually watching the plane move while the instrument stays perfectly still. For decades, this was the primary way pilots survived flying through thick cloud cover or at night. Without a visible horizon, the human brain can easily become disoriented, leading to a deadly condition called the graveyard spin. This device provides an objective visual reference that never fails, even if the entire electrical system of the plane goes dark. While modern airliners have transitioned to digital screens and solid-state sensors, these analog units remain critical. Many pilots still prefer them as a fail-safe backup because they operate on pure physics rather than software. It is a masterclass in engineering that remains just as relevant in the age of automation as it was eighty years ago. It is a timeless piece of safety technology. Would you trust a mechanical dial over a digital screen? Follow for more Technology updates Video: alternateb747

This is the mechanical heart of every flight deck. At the core of this instrument is a high-speed mechanical gyroscope held within a series of gimbals. It relies on the physics of rigidity in space, meaning the spinning disc stays perfectly aligned with the Earth's horizon regardless of how the aircraft moves around it. When you see the outer casing tilt and dive, you are actually watching the plane move while the instrument stays perfectly still. For decades, this was the primary way pilots survived flying through thick cloud cover or at night. Without a visible horizon, the human brain can easily become disoriented, leading to a deadly condition called the graveyard spin. This device provides an objective visual reference that never fails, even if the entire electrical system of the plane goes dark. While modern airliners have transitioned to digital screens and solid-state sensors, these analog units remain critical. Many pilots still prefer them as a fail-safe backup because they operate on pure physics rather than software. It is a masterclass in engineering that remains just as relevant in the age of automation as it was eighty years ago. It is a timeless piece of safety technology. Would you trust a mechanical dial over a digital screen? Follow for more Technology updates Video: alternateb747

Mechanical Knowledge

68,004 просмотров • 6 месяцев назад

🚨 BMW HAS SOLVED ONE OF HYDROGEN’S BIGGEST PACKAGING PROBLEMS. The company has developed a new “Hydrogen Flat Storage” system for the iX5 that uses seven slim hydrogen tanks instead of two large ones. This flat design fits into the same space as the high-voltage battery pack used in the electric iX5. This is significant because it allows BMW to build the hydrogen-powered iX5 on the same production line as petrol, diesel, plug-in hybrid, and fully electric versions without major changes to the factory or vehicle architecture. The system stores 7kg of hydrogen at 700 bar and gives the iX5 an estimated range of 385 miles. BMW plans to start series production of the iX5 Hydrogen in 2028, using a fuel cell developed in partnership with Toyota. Why this matters: • One of the biggest barriers to hydrogen vehicles has been packaging the tanks without sacrificing interior space or requiring completely separate production lines • This modular “flat storage” approach makes hydrogen powertrains much more practical to manufacture at scale • It gives BMW flexibility to produce multiple powertrains on one platform depending on demand and regional infrastructure The deeper implication: While battery electric vehicles currently dominate, BMW is continuing to develop hydrogen as a parallel technology, particularly for larger vehicles and longer-range applications. Being able to build both BEVs and FCEVs on the same line is a pragmatic engineering step that could make hydrogen vehicles more commercially viable in the future if the refuelling infrastructure catches up. Follow for more frontier automotive and energy technology.

🚨 BMW HAS SOLVED ONE OF HYDROGEN’S BIGGEST PACKAGING PROBLEMS. The company has developed a new “Hydrogen Flat Storage” system for the iX5 that uses seven slim hydrogen tanks instead of two large ones. This flat design fits into the same space as the high-voltage battery pack used in the electric iX5. This is significant because it allows BMW to build the hydrogen-powered iX5 on the same production line as petrol, diesel, plug-in hybrid, and fully electric versions without major changes to the factory or vehicle architecture. The system stores 7kg of hydrogen at 700 bar and gives the iX5 an estimated range of 385 miles. BMW plans to start series production of the iX5 Hydrogen in 2028, using a fuel cell developed in partnership with Toyota. Why this matters: • One of the biggest barriers to hydrogen vehicles has been packaging the tanks without sacrificing interior space or requiring completely separate production lines • This modular “flat storage” approach makes hydrogen powertrains much more practical to manufacture at scale • It gives BMW flexibility to produce multiple powertrains on one platform depending on demand and regional infrastructure The deeper implication: While battery electric vehicles currently dominate, BMW is continuing to develop hydrogen as a parallel technology, particularly for larger vehicles and longer-range applications. Being able to build both BEVs and FCEVs on the same line is a pragmatic engineering step that could make hydrogen vehicles more commercially viable in the future if the refuelling infrastructure catches up. Follow for more frontier automotive and energy technology.

TheNewPhysics

2,071,461 просмотров • 3 месяцев назад

Say hello to Boojum 👋: zkSync Era’s new high-performance proof system for radical decentralization. Boojum is an upgrade that will transition zkSync Era to a STARK-powered proof system, providing world-class performance on consumer-grade hardware. 💡 Learn more: TL;DR 👇 Boojum is the name of our Rust-based cryptographic library, which we use to implement the upgraded version of the ZK circuits for zkSync Era and the ZK Stack. The name Boojum was inspired by Lewis Carroll's poem "The Hunting of the Snark," where the Boojum represents the most fearsome kind of Snark. We intentionally designed zkSync Era in a way that cryptographic upgrades can be made without a regenesis, meaning that the Boojum upgrade won’t cause any user disruptions. Why Boojum❓ From day one, zkSync’s mission is to advance personal freedom for all — making digital self-ownership universally accessible by building a blockchain network that is trustless, secure, permissionless, affordable, easy to use, resilient and limitlessly scalable. Boojum plays an important role in advancing this mission by delivering: 1. World-class performance zkSync Era’s current SNARK-based proof system is effective today, but it won’t scale to the volume that we envision for hyperchains. zkSync Era’s sequencer can already process over 100 TPS; Boojum orders of magnitude improvements to performance complements this well. 2. Reduced hardware requirements for decentralization Our long-term goal is to enable user-powered, decentralized proof generation. Boojum represents a breakthrough in this direction — with the prover running on consumer-grade GPUs requiring only 16 GB GPU RAM. Boojum’s Journey to Mainnet 🚴🏽‍♀️ Boojum is now live on Mainnet, generating and verifying ‘shadow proofs’ today with real production data so that we can carefully test the system ahead of fully migrating. Today, we’re also open-sourcing the repo; if you’d like to take a look, you can find it here 👇 This is the first of a series of posts on Boojum. We will provide updates on our progress, including more details on implementation, security, and performance. Watch here for more, anon ∎

Say hello to Boojum 👋: zkSync Era’s new high-performance proof system for radical decentralization. Boojum is an upgrade that will transition zkSync Era to a STARK-powered proof system, providing world-class performance on consumer-grade hardware. 💡 Learn more: TL;DR 👇 Boojum is the name of our Rust-based cryptographic library, which we use to implement the upgraded version of the ZK circuits for zkSync Era and the ZK Stack. The name Boojum was inspired by Lewis Carroll's poem "The Hunting of the Snark," where the Boojum represents the most fearsome kind of Snark. We intentionally designed zkSync Era in a way that cryptographic upgrades can be made without a regenesis, meaning that the Boojum upgrade won’t cause any user disruptions. Why Boojum❓ From day one, zkSync’s mission is to advance personal freedom for all — making digital self-ownership universally accessible by building a blockchain network that is trustless, secure, permissionless, affordable, easy to use, resilient and limitlessly scalable. Boojum plays an important role in advancing this mission by delivering: 1. World-class performance zkSync Era’s current SNARK-based proof system is effective today, but it won’t scale to the volume that we envision for hyperchains. zkSync Era’s sequencer can already process over 100 TPS; Boojum orders of magnitude improvements to performance complements this well. 2. Reduced hardware requirements for decentralization Our long-term goal is to enable user-powered, decentralized proof generation. Boojum represents a breakthrough in this direction — with the prover running on consumer-grade GPUs requiring only 16 GB GPU RAM. Boojum’s Journey to Mainnet 🚴🏽‍♀️ Boojum is now live on Mainnet, generating and verifying ‘shadow proofs’ today with real production data so that we can carefully test the system ahead of fully migrating. Today, we’re also open-sourcing the repo; if you’d like to take a look, you can find it here 👇 This is the first of a series of posts on Boojum. We will provide updates on our progress, including more details on implementation, security, and performance. Watch here for more, anon ∎

ZKsync

828,305 просмотров • 3 лет назад

TG govt, Analog and MEIL signed a MoU to collaborate on developing next-generation intelligent infrastructure and AI-driven urban solutions. • The MoU was signed in the presence of Chief Minister Revanth Reddy after a high-level meeting with Analog Founder & CEO Alex Kipman and MEIL MD P. Krishna Reddy. • They briefed the Chief Minister on the proposed #Hyderabad Traffic Pilot Project aimed at improving urban mobility and city management through advanced technologies. • Discussions focused on the progress of joint projects being undertaken by Analog and MEIL. • The companies presented their vision for next-generation intelligent infrastructure and physical intelligence-based solutions. • The companies showcased how sensors, robotics and AI can create safer, smarter and more responsive urban infrastructure. • Their presentation highlighted the concept of Cognitive Cities, including AI-enabled adaptive traffic signals, real-time congestion management, early detection of water leakages, smart energy management, and priority routes for ambulances and fire services during emergencies. • The companies also explained how data-driven infrastructure planning can improve governance and enhance citizen services. • Chief Minister Revanth Reddy directed officials to integrate Hyderabad’s traffic signals into a unified intelligent system. • He suggested AI-driven traffic management that dynamically adjusts signal timings based on traffic congestion and weather conditions. • The MoU aims to strengthen technological collaboration and accelerate innovation-led infrastructure development in Telangana.

TG govt, Analog and MEIL signed a MoU to collaborate on developing next-generation intelligent infrastructure and AI-driven urban solutions. • The MoU was signed in the presence of Chief Minister Revanth Reddy after a high-level meeting with Analog Founder & CEO Alex Kipman and MEIL MD P. Krishna Reddy. • They briefed the Chief Minister on the proposed #Hyderabad Traffic Pilot Project aimed at improving urban mobility and city management through advanced technologies. • Discussions focused on the progress of joint projects being undertaken by Analog and MEIL. • The companies presented their vision for next-generation intelligent infrastructure and physical intelligence-based solutions. • The companies showcased how sensors, robotics and AI can create safer, smarter and more responsive urban infrastructure. • Their presentation highlighted the concept of Cognitive Cities, including AI-enabled adaptive traffic signals, real-time congestion management, early detection of water leakages, smart energy management, and priority routes for ambulances and fire services during emergencies. • The companies also explained how data-driven infrastructure planning can improve governance and enhance citizen services. • Chief Minister Revanth Reddy directed officials to integrate Hyderabad’s traffic signals into a unified intelligent system. • He suggested AI-driven traffic management that dynamically adjusts signal timings based on traffic congestion and weather conditions. • The MoU aims to strengthen technological collaboration and accelerate innovation-led infrastructure development in Telangana.

Naveena

30,859 просмотров • 2 месяцев назад

Iran’s Post-War Air Defense: Changes in System Integration and Deployment Tactics The 12-Day War, marked by Israeli air superiority, prompted accelerated reforms in mobility, autonomy, and hybrid integration in Iranian air defenses, particularly in their long-range battery, the Bavar-373. 1. Hardware Changes - Miniaturization and Autonomy (TELAR): The Babar-373-II now integrates AESA radars into each launcher, eliminating cables and vulnerable central radars, enabling independent operations. The range is 300-400 km for large targets and about 85-150 km for stealth fighters. - New Sayyad-4B+ Missiles: Featuring dual seekers (active radar and IR), extended range (300-400 km), and a focus on counter-stealth, Iran believes these new missiles can overcome jamming and past failures against drones heavy drones. - Integration of the Arman System: This is Iran's equivalent to AEGIS, covering medium-range defense (up to 120 km) in self-sufficient vehicles. Investments improved setup agility to just 3 minutes; moreover, if links fail due to satellite disruptions like last year, both the Bavar-373-II and the 15th Khordad can continue operating autonomously. This was a major issue for Iran that caused blackouts in their air defenses. - Surveillance Drones as "Flying Radars": Models like the Mohajer-10 and Karrar conduct patrols and transmit data via satellites (BeiDou), allowing passive detection and keeping radars off until engagement. 2. Tactical Changes - Radar Ambush (Passive Tracking): The implementation of modern sensors was another shift. Now, optical/IRST sensors and drones detect targets; radars activate only for seconds to lock on, reducing exposure to counter-attacks. - Geographic Dispersion: This autonomy allows units to spread across 10-15 km² in tunnels and civilian sheds, emerging only after drone alerts and integrating with smaller systems for layers resistant to saturation. It seems Iran is attempting an interesting tactic that could work if cyber elements don't cause issues. - Radical "Shoot-and-Scoot" Mobility: I've never seen this tactic with long-range air systems before, but Iran claims repositioning in under 4 minutes, with logistics for remote reloads, transforming this system tactically like MLRS or artillery. 3. Post-War Comparative (2025 vs. 2026) Comparing configurations before and after the war, in 2025 connections relied on physical cables and centralized infrastructure, while in 2026 it adopts wireless datalinks with independent launchers, seemingly built with Chinese assistance. Dependency evolved from a giant, vulnerable search radar to a hybrid sensor network incorporating drones, IRST systems, and satellites. Reaction time, which previously took a long time to move the entire battery, is now reduced to under 4 minutes for the first vehicle to depart. Finally, the target focus shifted from conventional missiles and aircraft to advanced threats, such as counter-stealth, counter-drones, and, according to them, even hypersonic missiles. 4. Persistent Fragilities - Slow Reload Logistics: Missile reloading takes 30-60 minutes with cranes, exposing them to orbital surveillance. However, all heavy batteries are like this. - Datalink Vulnerability: Although Iran has strong link protection technology as seen in drone, it has limits against interference, and the number of American assets dedicated to this indicates that jamming or hacking loads won't be small. - Massive Thermal Signature: Heat from the chassis detectable by LEO satellites is another vulnerability that would also nullify camouflage, but it's the same with every system. - Radar Horizon vs. Cruise Missiles: The truck-embedded radar has a short tracking radius of 35-45 km, with a brief reaction against low-altitude or terrain-masking threats, which in certain situations could favor Tomahawks.

Iran’s Post-War Air Defense: Changes in System Integration and Deployment Tactics The 12-Day War, marked by Israeli air superiority, prompted accelerated reforms in mobility, autonomy, and hybrid integration in Iranian air defenses, particularly in their long-range battery, the Bavar-373. 1. Hardware Changes - Miniaturization and Autonomy (TELAR): The Babar-373-II now integrates AESA radars into each launcher, eliminating cables and vulnerable central radars, enabling independent operations. The range is 300-400 km for large targets and about 85-150 km for stealth fighters. - New Sayyad-4B+ Missiles: Featuring dual seekers (active radar and IR), extended range (300-400 km), and a focus on counter-stealth, Iran believes these new missiles can overcome jamming and past failures against drones heavy drones. - Integration of the Arman System: This is Iran's equivalent to AEGIS, covering medium-range defense (up to 120 km) in self-sufficient vehicles. Investments improved setup agility to just 3 minutes; moreover, if links fail due to satellite disruptions like last year, both the Bavar-373-II and the 15th Khordad can continue operating autonomously. This was a major issue for Iran that caused blackouts in their air defenses. - Surveillance Drones as "Flying Radars": Models like the Mohajer-10 and Karrar conduct patrols and transmit data via satellites (BeiDou), allowing passive detection and keeping radars off until engagement. 2. Tactical Changes - Radar Ambush (Passive Tracking): The implementation of modern sensors was another shift. Now, optical/IRST sensors and drones detect targets; radars activate only for seconds to lock on, reducing exposure to counter-attacks. - Geographic Dispersion: This autonomy allows units to spread across 10-15 km² in tunnels and civilian sheds, emerging only after drone alerts and integrating with smaller systems for layers resistant to saturation. It seems Iran is attempting an interesting tactic that could work if cyber elements don't cause issues. - Radical "Shoot-and-Scoot" Mobility: I've never seen this tactic with long-range air systems before, but Iran claims repositioning in under 4 minutes, with logistics for remote reloads, transforming this system tactically like MLRS or artillery. 3. Post-War Comparative (2025 vs. 2026) Comparing configurations before and after the war, in 2025 connections relied on physical cables and centralized infrastructure, while in 2026 it adopts wireless datalinks with independent launchers, seemingly built with Chinese assistance. Dependency evolved from a giant, vulnerable search radar to a hybrid sensor network incorporating drones, IRST systems, and satellites. Reaction time, which previously took a long time to move the entire battery, is now reduced to under 4 minutes for the first vehicle to depart. Finally, the target focus shifted from conventional missiles and aircraft to advanced threats, such as counter-stealth, counter-drones, and, according to them, even hypersonic missiles. 4. Persistent Fragilities - Slow Reload Logistics: Missile reloading takes 30-60 minutes with cranes, exposing them to orbital surveillance. However, all heavy batteries are like this. - Datalink Vulnerability: Although Iran has strong link protection technology as seen in drone, it has limits against interference, and the number of American assets dedicated to this indicates that jamming or hacking loads won't be small. - Massive Thermal Signature: Heat from the chassis detectable by LEO satellites is another vulnerability that would also nullify camouflage, but it's the same with every system. - Radar Horizon vs. Cruise Missiles: The truck-embedded radar has a short tracking radius of 35-45 km, with a brief reaction against low-altitude or terrain-masking threats, which in certain situations could favor Tomahawks.

Patricia Marins

69,042 просмотров • 7 месяцев назад

After a few more hours, I think I've figured out Opus 5. Opus 5 is trained to be more agentic than anything I've used. All Claude 5 models are like that. So what changes? The way to interact with Opus 5 or contextualize it won't work the same way as with other models. It loves exploring, so it doesn't need much guidance for it. Unique preferences, artifacts, and references compliment it well and enable cleaner and more effective exploration and execution. Now that it can explore more effectively on its own and understand intent better, the best thing to do is to get out of its way (e.g., it doesn't need examples of your preferences; a clear high-level description of it works best). It's truly agentic in that sense. A good first step to provide better context for Opus 5 is to distinguish between what's situational and what needs persistence. Regardless, persistent system prompts and CLAUDE.MD needs to stay lightweight. Remove memories and tool descriptions from these. CLAUDE.MD is also a great place to tap into progressive disclosure by linking command/skills to it. On the situational side, agent skills and auto-memory can leverage progressive disclosure and the improved ability of the model to use its external context/knowledge. Conflicting and unnecessary instructions, which are common at this layer (mainly to ensure reliability), are going to throw off this model easily. That's the biggest change I had to make. Simple, clean, and clear prompts and skills work best. I had to clean a lot of my skills and system prompts. The way I prompt remains the same (usually clear and well-scoped). MCP tool descriptions are also more descriptive and have been deduped from the system prompt. Anthropic released a guide on the new rules for context engineering, which was helpful here. I started to test the recommendations and created a little artifact with the things that worked along the way. This might feel like a lot of work. Believe me, it has been frustrating. But I think we can expect future frontier models to become more agentic and smarter at figuring out the right context/gaps. The best thing to do is to prepare for that now. Boris Cherny mentioned that Opus 5 is their least prompt-injectable model yet. I am not sure if that was something they intentionally trained for or if it emerged based on how it was trained, which is to be extremely agentic in nature and more direct in execution.

After a few more hours, I think I've figured out Opus 5. Opus 5 is trained to be more agentic than anything I've used. All Claude 5 models are like that. So what changes? The way to interact with Opus 5 or contextualize it won't work the same way as with other models. It loves exploring, so it doesn't need much guidance for it. Unique preferences, artifacts, and references compliment it well and enable cleaner and more effective exploration and execution. Now that it can explore more effectively on its own and understand intent better, the best thing to do is to get out of its way (e.g., it doesn't need examples of your preferences; a clear high-level description of it works best). It's truly agentic in that sense. A good first step to provide better context for Opus 5 is to distinguish between what's situational and what needs persistence. Regardless, persistent system prompts and CLAUDE.MD needs to stay lightweight. Remove memories and tool descriptions from these. CLAUDE.MD is also a great place to tap into progressive disclosure by linking command/skills to it. On the situational side, agent skills and auto-memory can leverage progressive disclosure and the improved ability of the model to use its external context/knowledge. Conflicting and unnecessary instructions, which are common at this layer (mainly to ensure reliability), are going to throw off this model easily. That's the biggest change I had to make. Simple, clean, and clear prompts and skills work best. I had to clean a lot of my skills and system prompts. The way I prompt remains the same (usually clear and well-scoped). MCP tool descriptions are also more descriptive and have been deduped from the system prompt. Anthropic released a guide on the new rules for context engineering, which was helpful here. I started to test the recommendations and created a little artifact with the things that worked along the way. This might feel like a lot of work. Believe me, it has been frustrating. But I think we can expect future frontier models to become more agentic and smarter at figuring out the right context/gaps. The best thing to do is to prepare for that now. Boris Cherny mentioned that Opus 5 is their least prompt-injectable model yet. I am not sure if that was something they intentionally trained for or if it emerged based on how it was trained, which is to be extremely agentic in nature and more direct in execution.

elvis

37,824 просмотров • 1 месяц назад

YOMIRGO #Product #Update YOMIRGO AI-HUB OFFICIALLY LAUNCH ---A Structural Upgrade from a Single-Product Model to an AI Agent Ecosystem Platform In its first phase, 11 AI projects have been integrated, spanning high-value sectors including finance, scientific research, enterprise services, development tools, and experiential AI. ➡️AI-Hub: This is not merely a feature expansion — it represents a critical structural upgrade from a single-product architecture to a multi-vertical AI Agent aggregation and capitalization platform. This milestone marks the initial structural formation of the YOMIRGO ecosystem. 1. Structural Distinction Between Agent Matrix Lab and AI-Hub To avoid positioning ambiguity, we formally clarify the structural division between the two: 🔘 Agent Matrix Lab — Internal AI Production & Incubation Platform Agent Matrix Lab serves as YOMIRGO’s proprietary AI development and internal incubation platform, responsible for: • R&D and testing of in-house AI products • Incubation of native AI Agents • Technical architecture experimentation and runtime validation • Testing of AI Agent models, memory systems, and runtime orchestration It functions as the production workshop and experimental engine of YOMIRGO’s “AI Super Factory.” 🔘 AI-Hub — External AI Agent Aggregation & Ecosystem Layer AI-Hub is a market-facing AI Agent aggregation and showcase platform, responsible for: • Curation and onboarding of high-quality AI projects • Cross-vertical structured ecosystem layout • Rating and classification systems • Traffic distribution and ecosystem collaboration entry points AI-Hub is not an internal incubation unit, but a standardized aggregation framework at the ecosystem level. 2. Integrated Project Structure (First Batch) ✅1. Finance & Prediction 🔹Cointoken AI — AI Agent-powered quantitative trading engine 🔹VVAI — AI-driven real-time Web3 intelligence and decision system 🔹AlphaQuant — Global financial market forecasting engine 🔹NextGoals — AI-powered global sports prediction agent This vertical forms the real-time information, trading, and predictive decision infrastructure for Web3-native users. ✅2. Science 🔹Charmen AI — Large-model-based pet acoustic recognition technology 🔹Encore Health — AI-driven health forecasting and longevity management system for high-net-worth individuals 🔹Reproducibility AI — AI expert system for financial engineering validation and academic reproducibility This sector focuses on research-grade AI capabilities, collaborating with universities and research institutions to drive real-world scientific deployment. ✅3. Business 🔹GlobalSales — B2B automated lead-generation AI Agent 🔹ResearchBot — Business intelligence and deep due diligence AI Agent This vertical targets the enterprise market, delivering scalable and commercially viable AI productivity tools. ✅4. Coding 🔹CodeMatrix — Full-stack development assistant Providing AI-driven development infrastructure and low-barrier building capabilities to global users. ✅5. Interesting 🔹Fortunetell AI — AI-powered symbolic analysis and interactive insight system Exploring the application boundaries of AI within experiential and interactive scenarios. 3. YOMIRGO Four-Layer Structural Framework YOMIRGO has now established a clearly defined four-layer structure: ▶️Layer 1: Agent Matrix Lab — Internal Production & Incubation ▶️Layer 2: AI-Hub — Ecosystem Aggregation & Rating ▶️Layer 3: LaunchPad — Capitalization Pathway ▶️Layer 4: Market — Circulation & Value Realization Together forming a complete industrial pipeline: Incubation → Validation → Aggregation → Rating → Capitalization → Market Circulation This is the structural model behind YOMIRGO’s defined “AI Super Factory.” 4. Strategic Significance The launch of AI-Hub signifies: • YOMIRGO has established standardized AI Agent aggregation capabilities • A cross-vertical ecosystem structure is now in place • Internal incubation and external aggregation mechanisms are structurally separated • The AI Agent industrial flywheel has begun operating YOMIRGO is no longer merely an AI product platform, but a structured AI Agent industrial system integrating production, aggregation, capitalization, and circulation. 5. Next Phase • Continue expanding high-utility AI Agents with real-world application value • Optimize AI-Hub’s scoring, rating, and filtering mechanisms • Strengthen synergy with LaunchPad and Market • Enable AI Agents to complete value realization within the ecosystem The first 11 projects are only the beginning. AI-Hub is designed to become a continuously expanding AI Agent gateway — not a static product showcase. Further structural expansion is underway.🔥

YOMIRGO #Product #Update YOMIRGO AI-HUB OFFICIALLY LAUNCH ---A Structural Upgrade from a Single-Product Model to an AI Agent Ecosystem Platform In its first phase, 11 AI projects have been integrated, spanning high-value sectors including finance, scientific research, enterprise services, development tools, and experiential AI. ➡️AI-Hub: This is not merely a feature expansion — it represents a critical structural upgrade from a single-product architecture to a multi-vertical AI Agent aggregation and capitalization platform. This milestone marks the initial structural formation of the YOMIRGO ecosystem. 1. Structural Distinction Between Agent Matrix Lab and AI-Hub To avoid positioning ambiguity, we formally clarify the structural division between the two: 🔘 Agent Matrix Lab — Internal AI Production & Incubation Platform Agent Matrix Lab serves as YOMIRGO’s proprietary AI development and internal incubation platform, responsible for: • R&D and testing of in-house AI products • Incubation of native AI Agents • Technical architecture experimentation and runtime validation • Testing of AI Agent models, memory systems, and runtime orchestration It functions as the production workshop and experimental engine of YOMIRGO’s “AI Super Factory.” 🔘 AI-Hub — External AI Agent Aggregation & Ecosystem Layer AI-Hub is a market-facing AI Agent aggregation and showcase platform, responsible for: • Curation and onboarding of high-quality AI projects • Cross-vertical structured ecosystem layout • Rating and classification systems • Traffic distribution and ecosystem collaboration entry points AI-Hub is not an internal incubation unit, but a standardized aggregation framework at the ecosystem level. 2. Integrated Project Structure (First Batch) ✅1. Finance & Prediction 🔹Cointoken AI — AI Agent-powered quantitative trading engine 🔹VVAI — AI-driven real-time Web3 intelligence and decision system 🔹AlphaQuant — Global financial market forecasting engine 🔹NextGoals — AI-powered global sports prediction agent This vertical forms the real-time information, trading, and predictive decision infrastructure for Web3-native users. ✅2. Science 🔹Charmen AI — Large-model-based pet acoustic recognition technology 🔹Encore Health — AI-driven health forecasting and longevity management system for high-net-worth individuals 🔹Reproducibility AI — AI expert system for financial engineering validation and academic reproducibility This sector focuses on research-grade AI capabilities, collaborating with universities and research institutions to drive real-world scientific deployment. ✅3. Business 🔹GlobalSales — B2B automated lead-generation AI Agent 🔹ResearchBot — Business intelligence and deep due diligence AI Agent This vertical targets the enterprise market, delivering scalable and commercially viable AI productivity tools. ✅4. Coding 🔹CodeMatrix — Full-stack development assistant Providing AI-driven development infrastructure and low-barrier building capabilities to global users. ✅5. Interesting 🔹Fortunetell AI — AI-powered symbolic analysis and interactive insight system Exploring the application boundaries of AI within experiential and interactive scenarios. 3. YOMIRGO Four-Layer Structural Framework YOMIRGO has now established a clearly defined four-layer structure: ▶️Layer 1: Agent Matrix Lab — Internal Production & Incubation ▶️Layer 2: AI-Hub — Ecosystem Aggregation & Rating ▶️Layer 3: LaunchPad — Capitalization Pathway ▶️Layer 4: Market — Circulation & Value Realization Together forming a complete industrial pipeline: Incubation → Validation → Aggregation → Rating → Capitalization → Market Circulation This is the structural model behind YOMIRGO’s defined “AI Super Factory.” 4. Strategic Significance The launch of AI-Hub signifies: • YOMIRGO has established standardized AI Agent aggregation capabilities • A cross-vertical ecosystem structure is now in place • Internal incubation and external aggregation mechanisms are structurally separated • The AI Agent industrial flywheel has begun operating YOMIRGO is no longer merely an AI product platform, but a structured AI Agent industrial system integrating production, aggregation, capitalization, and circulation. 5. Next Phase • Continue expanding high-utility AI Agents with real-world application value • Optimize AI-Hub’s scoring, rating, and filtering mechanisms • Strengthen synergy with LaunchPad and Market • Enable AI Agents to complete value realization within the ecosystem The first 11 projects are only the beginning. AI-Hub is designed to become a continuously expanding AI Agent gateway — not a static product showcase. Further structural expansion is underway.🔥

YOMIRGO

23,685 просмотров • 7 месяцев назад

‼️DECLASSIFIED: New 2024 Infrared UAP Footage Released — Military Still Can’t Identify It 👀 As part of the Presidential Unsealing and Reporting System (PURS), the Department of War just cleared for release a stunning new video. This isn't a leaked cellphone clip—it is one minute and 39 seconds of high-definition infrared footage submitted by the U.S. Indo-Pacific Command. The 2024 Incident: This footage was captured by a U.S. military platform in 2024, proving that these incursions are not just "historical" relics but an ongoing reality of our current airspace. The "Unresolved" Status: Unlike previous clips that the Pentagon tried to dismiss as "parallax" or "tricks of the eye," this Indo-Pacific footage remains an unresolved case. The government is officially admitting they cannot determine the nature of the observed phenomena. Secretary of War Pete Hegseth stated that this release is part of a mandate to find, review, and declassify these files expeditiously. The days of "justified speculation" are being replaced by raw data. This footage follows a series of other chilling reports from 2024, including government contractors witnessing a "large metallic cylinder" the size of a commercial airplane that vanished in mid-air. We are seeing objects with morphological features and behaviors that defy the state of the art. The Reality: The "War for the Mind" includes keeping us in the dark about what is actually in our skies. But with the unsealing of these files, the "scales" are finally being removed. 🏛️📉 If these objects can't be identified by the most advanced military sensors on the planet, then who is flying them? The Department of War has even invited private-sector analysis to help resolve these cases. That means the "Noticing" community is now officially part of the search for the truth. RT to spread the declassified proof. The era of secrecy is over. 👇

‼️DECLASSIFIED: New 2024 Infrared UAP Footage Released — Military Still Can’t Identify It 👀 As part of the Presidential Unsealing and Reporting System (PURS), the Department of War just cleared for release a stunning new video. This isn't a leaked cellphone clip—it is one minute and 39 seconds of high-definition infrared footage submitted by the U.S. Indo-Pacific Command. The 2024 Incident: This footage was captured by a U.S. military platform in 2024, proving that these incursions are not just "historical" relics but an ongoing reality of our current airspace. The "Unresolved" Status: Unlike previous clips that the Pentagon tried to dismiss as "parallax" or "tricks of the eye," this Indo-Pacific footage remains an unresolved case. The government is officially admitting they cannot determine the nature of the observed phenomena. Secretary of War Pete Hegseth stated that this release is part of a mandate to find, review, and declassify these files expeditiously. The days of "justified speculation" are being replaced by raw data. This footage follows a series of other chilling reports from 2024, including government contractors witnessing a "large metallic cylinder" the size of a commercial airplane that vanished in mid-air. We are seeing objects with morphological features and behaviors that defy the state of the art. The Reality: The "War for the Mind" includes keeping us in the dark about what is actually in our skies. But with the unsealing of these files, the "scales" are finally being removed. 🏛️📉 If these objects can't be identified by the most advanced military sensors on the planet, then who is flying them? The Department of War has even invited private-sector analysis to help resolve these cases. That means the "Noticing" community is now officially part of the search for the truth. RT to spread the declassified proof. The era of secrecy is over. 👇

Project Constitution

64,986 просмотров • 4 месяцев назад

🇷🇺 Russia’s Starlink killers showcase new era of electronic battlefield warfare Russia has ramped-up EW use to detect and jam Elon Musk’s Starlink terminals and satellites, Ukrainian media reports. 👉 Meet Russia’s key counter-Starlink systems: 🔸 Volna Kupol Garant Russia’s latest electronic warfare system reportedly uses a directed high-frequency radio beam to disrupt Starlink operations. Rather than damaging satellites orbiting roughly 500 kilometers above Earth, the system blinds them – cutting their ability to connect with ground terminals while they remain under attack. According to reports, Volna is a mobile system built around six trailers. Each carries a pair of steerable satellite dishes mounted on rotating platforms. A single battery is reportedly capable of denying Starlink coverage across an area of up to 20 sq km. Some analysts say the system was previously referenced under the designation Peresvet-M, although this has not been independently confirmed. Ukrainian sources claim Volna was first deployed during Russia's offensive in the Kharkov region in 2024. They also say its use has increased significantly in recent months. 🔸 Tobol The secretive Russian EW complex is reportedly used to disrupt signals from NATO-linked satellite networks, including GPS, Galileo, and Starlink. Reports claim that Tobol attacks satellite communications on both ends of the link – jamming downlinks from satellites to ground receivers and uplinks from Earth to orbit. Its power and range also allegedly allow it to create an electromagnetic "umbrella." 🔸 Kalinka The system is designed to hunt down satellite communications signals, including those transmitted by Starlink terminals at distances of up to 15 km. It can reportedly track and lock onto even Starshield – SpaceX’s hardened military variant of Starlink. Western media warns that while Tobol disrupts GPS signals on a broad scale, the Kalinka’s precision-targeting capabilities could pose a more direct threat to specific military operations. 🔸 Krasukha The Krasukha-S4 is designed to neutralize reconnaissance satellites, ground-based radar installations, and airborne surveillance systems. It does so by emitting powerful electronic jamming signals that disrupt key radar bands and other radio-frequency emissions. A standard Krasukha-S4 battery consists of two vehicles and has an operational range exceeding 300 kilometers. 🔸 Borshchevik The light mobile system is designed to detect and geolocate Starlink terminals within a 180-degree sector at ranges of up to 10 km, with a reported accuracy of five meters. Using direction-finding and biangulation algorithms, it can locate a target in less than three minutes at a single scanning position. The Borshchevik-2 airborne system hunts Starlink signals from the sky, with reported accuracy down to 0.4 m.

🇷🇺 Russia’s Starlink killers showcase new era of electronic battlefield warfare Russia has ramped-up EW use to detect and jam Elon Musk’s Starlink terminals and satellites, Ukrainian media reports. 👉 Meet Russia’s key counter-Starlink systems: 🔸 Volna Kupol Garant Russia’s latest electronic warfare system reportedly uses a directed high-frequency radio beam to disrupt Starlink operations. Rather than damaging satellites orbiting roughly 500 kilometers above Earth, the system blinds them – cutting their ability to connect with ground terminals while they remain under attack. According to reports, Volna is a mobile system built around six trailers. Each carries a pair of steerable satellite dishes mounted on rotating platforms. A single battery is reportedly capable of denying Starlink coverage across an area of up to 20 sq km. Some analysts say the system was previously referenced under the designation Peresvet-M, although this has not been independently confirmed. Ukrainian sources claim Volna was first deployed during Russia's offensive in the Kharkov region in 2024. They also say its use has increased significantly in recent months. 🔸 Tobol The secretive Russian EW complex is reportedly used to disrupt signals from NATO-linked satellite networks, including GPS, Galileo, and Starlink. Reports claim that Tobol attacks satellite communications on both ends of the link – jamming downlinks from satellites to ground receivers and uplinks from Earth to orbit. Its power and range also allegedly allow it to create an electromagnetic "umbrella." 🔸 Kalinka The system is designed to hunt down satellite communications signals, including those transmitted by Starlink terminals at distances of up to 15 km. It can reportedly track and lock onto even Starshield – SpaceX’s hardened military variant of Starlink. Western media warns that while Tobol disrupts GPS signals on a broad scale, the Kalinka’s precision-targeting capabilities could pose a more direct threat to specific military operations. 🔸 Krasukha The Krasukha-S4 is designed to neutralize reconnaissance satellites, ground-based radar installations, and airborne surveillance systems. It does so by emitting powerful electronic jamming signals that disrupt key radar bands and other radio-frequency emissions. A standard Krasukha-S4 battery consists of two vehicles and has an operational range exceeding 300 kilometers. 🔸 Borshchevik The light mobile system is designed to detect and geolocate Starlink terminals within a 180-degree sector at ranges of up to 10 km, with a reported accuracy of five meters. Using direction-finding and biangulation algorithms, it can locate a target in less than three minutes at a single scanning position. The Borshchevik-2 airborne system hunts Starlink signals from the sky, with reported accuracy down to 0.4 m.

Sputnik

25,528 просмотров • 1 месяц назад

During the 2020 lockdown, I was having a conversation with a tailor over the phone who worried about whether he would go out of business. You see, there's a reason tailors incur tremendous costs to fly overseas and meet with clients. It's hard to make a proper suit for someone without seeing them in person. You need to measure them, fit them, and press around their body to see whether the armhole is high enough. That can't be reliably done through a Zoom meeting. Sartoria Pastena is one of the few companies I've seen deliver good custom tailoring online. When I was on a menswear forum, some fellow members were sending their clothes to this Neapolitan tailor to have them copied. That, of course, is slightly different from starting new, but the results were surprisingly good. Using existing clothes for base measurements, Pastena was able to produce things for people in far-flung places without having ever seen them in person. Pastena eventually became so popular on the forum that one of the members arranged to fly them out to Minneapolis. That trip soon expanded to ten cities, which stretch across the United States. One of their clients is David Lane Design, who I think always looks great. Since they're based in Naples, Pastena specializes in a style characteristic of the region. That means a soft, natural shoulder teamed with an extended front dart that runs from the chest to the hem. It also means using softer canvases and minimal shoulder padding, and eliminating the layer of domette common in English tailoring. The result is the softest possible version of tailoring, with things being just a shirt jacket, making it particularly suitable for warmer climates. Over the years, I've been impressed by Pastena's ability to handle different body types and produce very clean-looking suits and sport coats. In the third slide, you can see how one of their jackets looks in motion (the video is from the IG menswearmemoir). The good news is that they're now touring through the US, so you don't have to use their remote services. But should you ever move to a city they don't visit, they're one of the few companies I would trust with a remote order. Finally, my usual disclosure: these are not paid tweets, as I don't do paid tweets. I don't get anything from making these announcements: no free clothes, discounted clothes, money, kickbacks, store credit, or whatever else. I make these announcements simply because I love craft-based clothing and it's my pleasure to tell people about tailors, so they can continue their craft. If you have questions, please contact the tailors directly, as I'm not their representative.

During the 2020 lockdown, I was having a conversation with a tailor over the phone who worried about whether he would go out of business. You see, there's a reason tailors incur tremendous costs to fly overseas and meet with clients. It's hard to make a proper suit for someone without seeing them in person. You need to measure them, fit them, and press around their body to see whether the armhole is high enough. That can't be reliably done through a Zoom meeting. Sartoria Pastena is one of the few companies I've seen deliver good custom tailoring online. When I was on a menswear forum, some fellow members were sending their clothes to this Neapolitan tailor to have them copied. That, of course, is slightly different from starting new, but the results were surprisingly good. Using existing clothes for base measurements, Pastena was able to produce things for people in far-flung places without having ever seen them in person. Pastena eventually became so popular on the forum that one of the members arranged to fly them out to Minneapolis. That trip soon expanded to ten cities, which stretch across the United States. One of their clients is David Lane Design, who I think always looks great. Since they're based in Naples, Pastena specializes in a style characteristic of the region. That means a soft, natural shoulder teamed with an extended front dart that runs from the chest to the hem. It also means using softer canvases and minimal shoulder padding, and eliminating the layer of domette common in English tailoring. The result is the softest possible version of tailoring, with things being just a shirt jacket, making it particularly suitable for warmer climates. Over the years, I've been impressed by Pastena's ability to handle different body types and produce very clean-looking suits and sport coats. In the third slide, you can see how one of their jackets looks in motion (the video is from the IG menswearmemoir). The good news is that they're now touring through the US, so you don't have to use their remote services. But should you ever move to a city they don't visit, they're one of the few companies I would trust with a remote order. Finally, my usual disclosure: these are not paid tweets, as I don't do paid tweets. I don't get anything from making these announcements: no free clothes, discounted clothes, money, kickbacks, store credit, or whatever else. I make these announcements simply because I love craft-based clothing and it's my pleasure to tell people about tailors, so they can continue their craft. If you have questions, please contact the tailors directly, as I'm not their representative.

derek guy

46,834 просмотров • 2 месяцев назад

Some microbes carry a protein, called SNIPE, that "chops up" phage DNA as it's being injected into the cell. This is a new mechanism for phage defense! CRISPR–Cas and restriction enzymes also evolved to fight against phages, but they work by recognizing sequences. SNIPE works, instead, by sensing "touch." SNIPE is a protein with about 500 amino acids. After it's made by the ribosome, it latches onto ManYZ, two proteins which sit on the cell's inner membrane. (ManYZ is an importer; it brings mannose and other sugars into the cell.) Once attached to ManYZ, SNIPE sits and waits for an invading phage. Some phages, including lambda, actually infect cells by pushing their DNA through this ManYZ channel. Lambda uses its "tail" to reach inside the protein channel, basically, and inject its DNA. When this physical touch happens, though, SNIPE is waiting. As soon as the phage DNA starts entering the cell, and passes through ManYZ and SNIPE, it gets immediately destroyed. This means that SNIPE is the first phage defense system discovered, so far, that uses spatial positioning at the injection site to destroy invaders. But there are caveats, of course. If you untether SNIPE from ManYZ, such that it can freely diffuse through the cell, it will chew up the bacterium's genome. It is not a highly discerning nuclease! Also, SNIPE is not found in most bacteria. A prior pangenome study, which sequenced lots of different microbes, found that roughly a third of well-studied bacterial lineages had at least one member with a SNIPE-like protein. (For this paper, they just ported one of those homologs into an E. coli laboratory strain.) And finally, because SNIPE's mechanism is tightly tied to ManYZ, it cannot be used to defend against phages that enter the cell through different routes. T4 phages, for example, inject their DNA straight through the cell membrane and into the cytoplasm, without interacting with ManYZ. This is a nice basic science paper. Applications TBD. (Just remember that scientists figured out that bacteria had a phage defense system, called CRISPR-Cas, many years before it was repurposed into a gene-editing tool.) P.S. The video below shows how cells with the SNIPE gene (middle row) kill invading phages, and thus continue growing and dividing. Empty vector (top row) refers to bacteria carrying a plasmid with no SNIPE gene; this is a control group. And SNIPE E414A refers to cells which received a mutated SNIPE gene, where the glutamate at position 414 has been changed to an alanine, thus destroying the protein's nuclease activity. These cells also die when they get infected with a phage.

Some microbes carry a protein, called SNIPE, that "chops up" phage DNA as it's being injected into the cell. This is a new mechanism for phage defense! CRISPR–Cas and restriction enzymes also evolved to fight against phages, but they work by recognizing sequences. SNIPE works, instead, by sensing "touch." SNIPE is a protein with about 500 amino acids. After it's made by the ribosome, it latches onto ManYZ, two proteins which sit on the cell's inner membrane. (ManYZ is an importer; it brings mannose and other sugars into the cell.) Once attached to ManYZ, SNIPE sits and waits for an invading phage. Some phages, including lambda, actually infect cells by pushing their DNA through this ManYZ channel. Lambda uses its "tail" to reach inside the protein channel, basically, and inject its DNA. When this physical touch happens, though, SNIPE is waiting. As soon as the phage DNA starts entering the cell, and passes through ManYZ and SNIPE, it gets immediately destroyed. This means that SNIPE is the first phage defense system discovered, so far, that uses spatial positioning at the injection site to destroy invaders. But there are caveats, of course. If you untether SNIPE from ManYZ, such that it can freely diffuse through the cell, it will chew up the bacterium's genome. It is not a highly discerning nuclease! Also, SNIPE is not found in most bacteria. A prior pangenome study, which sequenced lots of different microbes, found that roughly a third of well-studied bacterial lineages had at least one member with a SNIPE-like protein. (For this paper, they just ported one of those homologs into an E. coli laboratory strain.) And finally, because SNIPE's mechanism is tightly tied to ManYZ, it cannot be used to defend against phages that enter the cell through different routes. T4 phages, for example, inject their DNA straight through the cell membrane and into the cytoplasm, without interacting with ManYZ. This is a nice basic science paper. Applications TBD. (Just remember that scientists figured out that bacteria had a phage defense system, called CRISPR-Cas, many years before it was repurposed into a gene-editing tool.) P.S. The video below shows how cells with the SNIPE gene (middle row) kill invading phages, and thus continue growing and dividing. Empty vector (top row) refers to bacteria carrying a plasmid with no SNIPE gene; this is a control group. And SNIPE E414A refers to cells which received a mutated SNIPE gene, where the glutamate at position 414 has been changed to an alanine, thus destroying the protein's nuclease activity. These cells also die when they get infected with a phage.

Niko McCarty.

20,536 просмотров • 6 месяцев назад

🚨 SCIENTISTS JUST REPLACED EXPENSIVE PLATINUM CATALYSTS IN ZINC-AIR BATTERIES WITH CHEAP IRON AND IT WORKS BETTER. Zinc-air batteries are one of the most promising low-cost, high-energy-density alternatives to lithium-ion, but they’ve been held back by a slow and inefficient oxygen reduction reaction that usually requires precious metal catalysts. Researchers at Tohoku University engineered a simple iron oxide/samarium oxide interface that dramatically speeds up this reaction. The heterointerface changes how electrons behave at the surface, weakens excessive bonding with reaction intermediates, and delivers faster kinetics plus excellent durability all without any noble metals. The new catalyst performed strongly in both liquid and flexible solid-state zinc-air batteries, successfully powering LEDs and even charging a smartphone. Why this matters: • Zinc-air batteries use oxygen from the air, abundant zinc, and are much cheaper and safer than lithium-ion • Removing the need for platinum or other precious metals makes them far more scalable and affordable • The iron-based interface approach is simple, stable in alkaline conditions, and improves both performance and longevity • It was demonstrated in practical devices, not just lab tests The deeper implication: We’re getting closer to energy storage that doesn’t rely on scarce, expensive materials. Zinc-air technology has long been held back by catalyst limitations, but this work shows that clever interface engineering with cheap, abundant elements can unlock the performance needed for real-world applications from portable electronics to large-scale grid storage. It’s another step toward clean energy systems that are not only sustainable in operation, but also in the materials they use. The future of batteries may not depend on mining more rare metals… but on smarter chemistry with what we already have in abundance. How close do you think we are to zinc-air batteries becoming a mainstream alternative to lithium-ion? Follow for more frontier battery materials and clean energy storage research.

🚨 SCIENTISTS JUST REPLACED EXPENSIVE PLATINUM CATALYSTS IN ZINC-AIR BATTERIES WITH CHEAP IRON AND IT WORKS BETTER. Zinc-air batteries are one of the most promising low-cost, high-energy-density alternatives to lithium-ion, but they’ve been held back by a slow and inefficient oxygen reduction reaction that usually requires precious metal catalysts. Researchers at Tohoku University engineered a simple iron oxide/samarium oxide interface that dramatically speeds up this reaction. The heterointerface changes how electrons behave at the surface, weakens excessive bonding with reaction intermediates, and delivers faster kinetics plus excellent durability all without any noble metals. The new catalyst performed strongly in both liquid and flexible solid-state zinc-air batteries, successfully powering LEDs and even charging a smartphone. Why this matters: • Zinc-air batteries use oxygen from the air, abundant zinc, and are much cheaper and safer than lithium-ion • Removing the need for platinum or other precious metals makes them far more scalable and affordable • The iron-based interface approach is simple, stable in alkaline conditions, and improves both performance and longevity • It was demonstrated in practical devices, not just lab tests The deeper implication: We’re getting closer to energy storage that doesn’t rely on scarce, expensive materials. Zinc-air technology has long been held back by catalyst limitations, but this work shows that clever interface engineering with cheap, abundant elements can unlock the performance needed for real-world applications from portable electronics to large-scale grid storage. It’s another step toward clean energy systems that are not only sustainable in operation, but also in the materials they use. The future of batteries may not depend on mining more rare metals… but on smarter chemistry with what we already have in abundance. How close do you think we are to zinc-air batteries becoming a mainstream alternative to lithium-ion? Follow for more frontier battery materials and clean energy storage research.

TheNewPhysics

36,798 просмотров • 3 месяцев назад

When the government is the economy, your financial suffering is their fault. Retail interest rates are predicted to skyrocket. Severe pain is incoming as the sluggish economy is about to get winded by a sucker punch. This is all driven by inflation that has almost nothing to do with discretionary spending – illustrated by the increasing din of roller shutters slamming shut for the last time on the high-street. Restaurants, cafes and bars - gone forever. They’re following the exit of long-established family businesses dropping like flies. Iconic clothing brands, manufacturing companies, and construction companies struggling to keep up with the increasing costs and declining consumer spending. Just a more amplified version of households busting to stay afloat, food, electricity, fuel, insurance and housing all running out of reach. People are hurting. The irony is that the only string holding up the false economy is the very thing causing the inflation that is destroying the real economy. Government spending. More specifically – government borrowing. Governments borrow printed money and spend it with the recklessness of a child buying gems to advance in a game on Mum’s iPhone. Using Mum’s credit card, without her knowing. Like the money isn’t real - and to them it isn’t. But it is to the rest of us who have to live in the real world, it really is. It’s just cruel. It’s one thing to borrow and invest in assets that provide returns, but using the credit card to buy skittles and beer normally comes with a hangover at some point. Welcome to the hangover. It’s as if Canberra has a giant black credit card with a tap and go facility. Mark Butler, the minister in charge of the NDIS has probably racked up the most loyalty points with the way he spends. Who knows what he will pick out of the post parliamentary reward points catalogue when he leaves. Next up would surely be Penny Wong, as she runs around the world tapping our credit card and showering other countries with the gifts we pay for, on borrowed money. Funding regimes like the Taliban… Don’t get me wrong, foreign aid has its place – and I think that is exclusively for our various island neighbours, and only when that is in this Nation’s interest. All the rest is just a waste of money, and a betrayal of the Australian people. Albanese and his team are just feckless and reckless, and Chalmers clearly thinks that spending borrowed money is the economy. It isn’t. Because when borrowed money is created, it is created without the interest (nobody ever prints the interest). But the interest always falls due. All our money supply is printed fiat currency. It’s not backed by anything. But if you are one dollar short on an interest bill – your assets can fall into the hands of the lender. Printed money buys real assets, and real assets are lost on foreclosure, as insiders often swoop in for cents in the dollar. It’s like a giant asset laundering scheme. More is always owed than was minted in the first place, because interest must be paid. So, there must be losers – that much is baked into the game - and as more people lose, more people collapse and even more assets are pooled in the hands of fewer people… and there’s the rub – eventually it all falls into the hands of the money printers and their mates. The system must have been designed by an insane clown. The only way out of this mess is to get rid of this government debt and return to sound money. All government debt just inflates assets – and the cost to hold them. Everything else is just a sideshow. They want us fighting over the gender of a toothpick that never ceded ownership of its tutu, so we don’t look at the rapid collapse of everything in real time. It is government debt and waste that is ruining Australia. Almost everything else is a distraction from the fact that there’s no more free money. I just want Australia back.

When the government is the economy, your financial suffering is their fault. Retail interest rates are predicted to skyrocket. Severe pain is incoming as the sluggish economy is about to get winded by a sucker punch. This is all driven by inflation that has almost nothing to do with discretionary spending – illustrated by the increasing din of roller shutters slamming shut for the last time on the high-street. Restaurants, cafes and bars - gone forever. They’re following the exit of long-established family businesses dropping like flies. Iconic clothing brands, manufacturing companies, and construction companies struggling to keep up with the increasing costs and declining consumer spending. Just a more amplified version of households busting to stay afloat, food, electricity, fuel, insurance and housing all running out of reach. People are hurting. The irony is that the only string holding up the false economy is the very thing causing the inflation that is destroying the real economy. Government spending. More specifically – government borrowing. Governments borrow printed money and spend it with the recklessness of a child buying gems to advance in a game on Mum’s iPhone. Using Mum’s credit card, without her knowing. Like the money isn’t real - and to them it isn’t. But it is to the rest of us who have to live in the real world, it really is. It’s just cruel. It’s one thing to borrow and invest in assets that provide returns, but using the credit card to buy skittles and beer normally comes with a hangover at some point. Welcome to the hangover. It’s as if Canberra has a giant black credit card with a tap and go facility. Mark Butler, the minister in charge of the NDIS has probably racked up the most loyalty points with the way he spends. Who knows what he will pick out of the post parliamentary reward points catalogue when he leaves. Next up would surely be Penny Wong, as she runs around the world tapping our credit card and showering other countries with the gifts we pay for, on borrowed money. Funding regimes like the Taliban… Don’t get me wrong, foreign aid has its place – and I think that is exclusively for our various island neighbours, and only when that is in this Nation’s interest. All the rest is just a waste of money, and a betrayal of the Australian people. Albanese and his team are just feckless and reckless, and Chalmers clearly thinks that spending borrowed money is the economy. It isn’t. Because when borrowed money is created, it is created without the interest (nobody ever prints the interest). But the interest always falls due. All our money supply is printed fiat currency. It’s not backed by anything. But if you are one dollar short on an interest bill – your assets can fall into the hands of the lender. Printed money buys real assets, and real assets are lost on foreclosure, as insiders often swoop in for cents in the dollar. It’s like a giant asset laundering scheme. More is always owed than was minted in the first place, because interest must be paid. So, there must be losers – that much is baked into the game - and as more people lose, more people collapse and even more assets are pooled in the hands of fewer people… and there’s the rub – eventually it all falls into the hands of the money printers and their mates. The system must have been designed by an insane clown. The only way out of this mess is to get rid of this government debt and return to sound money. All government debt just inflates assets – and the cost to hold them. Everything else is just a sideshow. They want us fighting over the gender of a toothpick that never ceded ownership of its tutu, so we don’t look at the rapid collapse of everything in real time. It is government debt and waste that is ruining Australia. Almost everything else is a distraction from the fact that there’s no more free money. I just want Australia back.

Matthew Camenzuli

31,362 просмотров • 7 месяцев назад

With Nowhere Else to Turn, Niger Begs Nigeria for Fuel Amid Severe Shortages By: Zagazola Makama For nearly two weeks, Niger Republic has been crippled by a severe fuel crisis, bringing vehicular movement and economic activity to a grinding halt. Long queues stretched across cities, with desperate motorists and businesses struggling to obtain a few liters of petrol. The situation was so dire that the military junta, which once prided itself on rejecting external influence, had no choice but to swallow its pride and turn to Nigeria for help. Despite months of hostile rhetoric and diplomatic friction, Niger’s rulers quietly dispatched their Minister of Petroleum and Renewable Energy, along with top officials from the Niger Petroleum Company (SONIDEP), to beg Abuja for urgent fuel supplies. Nigeria, ever the regional big brother, obliged, approving the immediate delivery of 300 fuel trucks across the border to Niamey. Niger’s fuel crisis didn’t happen overnight. It was the direct consequence of a disastrous confrontation between the ruling junta and Chinese oil companies, which have long dominated Niger’s petroleum sector. The trouble began in March 2024, when China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) granted the Nigerien government a $400 million advance, using future crude oil deliveries as collateral. This deal was meant to help Niger cope with the crippling economic sanctions imposed by ECOWAS following the July 2023 coup. However, when it came time to repay the debt, the junta found itself strapped for cash. Rather than negotiating, the military rulers decided to strong-arm China. In a move that stunned industry insiders, they slapped an $80 billion tax demand on SORAZ (Zinder Refinery Company) despite the state-owned Sonidep already owing SORAZ a staggering $250 billion. When China refused to provide additional loans, the junta retaliated by expelling Chinese oil executives from the country and seizing SORAZ’s bank accounts. A Self-Inflicted Crisis This reckless decision backfired almost immediately. Niger’s entire petroleum sector which is heavily reliant on Chinese expertise and investment began to collapse. The SORAZ refinery, the lifeline of Niger’s fuel supply, ground to a halt, and fuel shortages spread like wildfire. This crisis could not have come at a worse time. The Niger-Benin oil pipeline, a project designed to boost Niger’s crude exports to 100,000 barrels per day by 2025, was also at risk. With Chinese engineers gone and no viable alternative in place, the junta’s decision plunged the country into economic uncertainty. Turning to Nigeria for Help For weeks, the military leadership refused to acknowledge the crisis publicly. State-controlled media was ordered to stay silent about the fuel shortage and the growing unrest among Nigeriens, who were forced to buy petrol at sky-high black-market prices. But as the situation worsened, the junta had no choice but to seek external help even if it meant approaching Nigeria, the very country they had repeatedly criticized since the coup. Without any public announcement, Niger quietly sent a delegation to Abuja, appealing for an emergency fuel supply. The irony was lost on no one this was the same junta that had openly defied ECOWAS sanctions, severed ties with France and the West, and aligned itself with Russia. Yet when faced with economic collapse, it was Nigeria that they turned to for salvation. Nigeria Plays the Good Neighbor Again Despite months of insults, false accusations, name calling, diplomatic snubs, and hostility, Nigeria once again stepped in to help. It was gathered that the Nigerian Government approved the release of 300 fuel trucks, which immediately began crossing into Niger to ease the crisis.

With Nowhere Else to Turn, Niger Begs Nigeria for Fuel Amid Severe Shortages By: Zagazola Makama For nearly two weeks, Niger Republic has been crippled by a severe fuel crisis, bringing vehicular movement and economic activity to a grinding halt. Long queues stretched across cities, with desperate motorists and businesses struggling to obtain a few liters of petrol. The situation was so dire that the military junta, which once prided itself on rejecting external influence, had no choice but to swallow its pride and turn to Nigeria for help. Despite months of hostile rhetoric and diplomatic friction, Niger’s rulers quietly dispatched their Minister of Petroleum and Renewable Energy, along with top officials from the Niger Petroleum Company (SONIDEP), to beg Abuja for urgent fuel supplies. Nigeria, ever the regional big brother, obliged, approving the immediate delivery of 300 fuel trucks across the border to Niamey. Niger’s fuel crisis didn’t happen overnight. It was the direct consequence of a disastrous confrontation between the ruling junta and Chinese oil companies, which have long dominated Niger’s petroleum sector. The trouble began in March 2024, when China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) granted the Nigerien government a $400 million advance, using future crude oil deliveries as collateral. This deal was meant to help Niger cope with the crippling economic sanctions imposed by ECOWAS following the July 2023 coup. However, when it came time to repay the debt, the junta found itself strapped for cash. Rather than negotiating, the military rulers decided to strong-arm China. In a move that stunned industry insiders, they slapped an $80 billion tax demand on SORAZ (Zinder Refinery Company) despite the state-owned Sonidep already owing SORAZ a staggering $250 billion. When China refused to provide additional loans, the junta retaliated by expelling Chinese oil executives from the country and seizing SORAZ’s bank accounts. A Self-Inflicted Crisis This reckless decision backfired almost immediately. Niger’s entire petroleum sector which is heavily reliant on Chinese expertise and investment began to collapse. The SORAZ refinery, the lifeline of Niger’s fuel supply, ground to a halt, and fuel shortages spread like wildfire. This crisis could not have come at a worse time. The Niger-Benin oil pipeline, a project designed to boost Niger’s crude exports to 100,000 barrels per day by 2025, was also at risk. With Chinese engineers gone and no viable alternative in place, the junta’s decision plunged the country into economic uncertainty. Turning to Nigeria for Help For weeks, the military leadership refused to acknowledge the crisis publicly. State-controlled media was ordered to stay silent about the fuel shortage and the growing unrest among Nigeriens, who were forced to buy petrol at sky-high black-market prices. But as the situation worsened, the junta had no choice but to seek external help even if it meant approaching Nigeria, the very country they had repeatedly criticized since the coup. Without any public announcement, Niger quietly sent a delegation to Abuja, appealing for an emergency fuel supply. The irony was lost on no one this was the same junta that had openly defied ECOWAS sanctions, severed ties with France and the West, and aligned itself with Russia. Yet when faced with economic collapse, it was Nigeria that they turned to for salvation. Nigeria Plays the Good Neighbor Again Despite months of insults, false accusations, name calling, diplomatic snubs, and hostility, Nigeria once again stepped in to help. It was gathered that the Nigerian Government approved the release of 300 fuel trucks, which immediately began crossing into Niger to ease the crisis.

Zagazola

327,792 просмотров • 1 год назад