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Pakistan’s resolute response has debunked the idea that there is space for war in South Asia. India’s continued militarisation, hostile rhetoric and weak crisis-management mechanisms continue to undermine regional stability. South Asia’s strategic equilibrium now depends on escalation control and effective crisis communication. Lieutenant General Nauman Zakria at the...

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Technological Evolution and Military Development Must be Governed by Ethics and Responsibility: Gen Zakria Addresses Shangri-La Dialogue SINGAPORE: Lieutenant General Nauman Zakria has emphasised that rapid technological advancements and military modernisation must be guided by ethics, responsibility and international cooperation, warning that emerging technologies are reshaping the global security landscape and creating new risks to strategic stability. Addressing delegates at the Shangri-La Dialogue 2026 in Singapore, Gen Zakria said the growing integration of artificial intelligence, autonomous systems, cyber capabilities, quantum technologies and multi-domain operations was transforming military decision-making and strategic competition while introducing new vulnerabilities and risks of miscalculation. South Asia’s Strategic Environment Referring to South Asia, Gen Zakria said the region’s strategic stability continued to be shaped by nuclear deterrence, conventional asymmetry, enduring political tensions and unresolved disputes between Pakistan and India. He described China as a constructive and stabilising factor that contributes to strategic balance, regional connectivity and economic cooperation. Commenting on the May 2025 conflict between Pakistan and India, Gen Zakria said Pakistan’s response demonstrated effective multi-domain operations supported by tri-service coordination and the integrated use of cyber, electronic warfare, intelligence, surveillance and space-based capabilities. According to him, the conflict reinforced the importance of escalation control and crisis communication mechanisms in maintaining regional stability. He warned that continued militarisation and adversarial rhetoric in South Asia, combined with the absence of robust crisis management frameworks, could undermine long-term peace and security. Call for Global Cooperation Gen Zakria stressed that technological innovation should not be separated from ethical responsibility and strategic accountability. He called for internationally accepted norms governing the military use of artificial intelligence, autonomous systems, cyber operations and space technologies, arguing that human oversight must remain central in decisions involving the use of force. The senior military official also advocated confidence-building measures, transparency mechanisms and technical dialogue among states to reduce misunderstandings and prevent destabilising arms races. He further urged countries to strengthen direct communication channels, saying dialogue must continue even during periods of geopolitical rivalry. “Strategic stability is preserved not only through deterrence, but through communication as well,” he said. Concluding his remarks, Gen Zakria underscored the need for stronger international cooperation on cyber governance, responsible AI development, space security and digital ethics. He said peace and stability have never been automatic outcomes of technological progress, but rather depend on political responsibility, strategic restraint and sustained international engagement.

Pakistan Defence🇵🇰

11,283 views • 2 months ago

The speech by Air Chief Marshal Zaheer Ahmed Babar Sidhu offers a rare public articulation of how future conflicts may no longer remain confined to conventional domains. What stands out is not just the emphasis on airpower, but the integration of cyber operations, electronic warfare, unmanned systems, long-range precision capabilities, and information dominance into a single operational framework. This reflects the growing reality that future crises in South Asia will unfold simultaneously across physical, digital, cognitive, and narrative spaces. For scholars of deterrence and strategic stability, this matters deeply. The May 2025 crisis reinforced an important lesson: emerging and disruptive technologies are compressing decision-making timelines while amplifying uncertainty, misperception, and escalation risks between nuclear-armed rivals. Claims surrounding cyber disruption, AI-enabled surveillance, offensive drone campaigns, and network-centric warfare indicate that the character of conflict in South Asia is rapidly evolving beyond traditional understandings of deterrence. At the same time, the speech repeatedly underscores calibrated restraint and controlled escalation. That dimension deserves equal attention. In nuclearized environments, the difference between signaling, coercion, and uncontrolled escalation can become dangerously thin. The challenge for policymakers moving forward is not simply technological adaptation, but ensuring that strategic maturity evolves alongside technological capability. As we reflect on one year since the May 2025 crisis, the region must ask harder questions: -How do we prevent emerging technologies from eroding crisis stability? -How do states communicate intent in highly digitized battle environments? -And how do we ensure that narrative warfare does not become as destabilizing as kinetic warfare itself? The future of deterrence in South Asia may well depend on how these questions are addressed.

Rabia Akhtar

14,191 views • 2 months ago

As we celebrate and reflect on Africa Day today, it is important to qualify the intervention by South Africa’s Minister of International Relations and Cooperation, Ronald Lamola. What he says is correct, the issue of immigration in South Africa is indeed a crisis, and instead of focusing on peripheral issues, attention should be directed at the root causes, the push factors driving African migrants from countries such as Zimbabwe and Mozambique into South Africa, both legally and illegally. The fact of the matter is that we all know what the problem is: misgovernance. And the African National Congress, which has governed South Africa since 1994, is fully aware of this reality. Yet it has continued politically supporting the regimes in the region that have contributed to creating this crisis inside South Africa itself. We all know that ZANUPF rigs elections. We all know that it presides over a deeply corrupt system. We also know that some within the ANC benefit politically and materially from relationships with ZANUPF. So while Minister Lamola’s comments sound correct in principle, many people across the region have become sceptical because statements are repeatedly made, yet very little changes in practice. As we saw during the recent Southern African Development Community (SADC) foreign ministers’ meeting held in South Africa, Zimbabwe’s Foreign Minister, Dr Amon Murwira, was effectively in denial, insisting there is no immigration crisis affecting Southern Africa or South Africa. As long as leaders continue issuing statements without confronting the underlying governance failures driving migration, this crisis will persist. This is fundamentally a crisis of failed leadership. That is why other parts of Africa, and indeed other regions of the world, often look at Southern Africa with disbelief. We know what the problem is, and we know what needs to be done, yet we refuse to act. Worse still, regional leaders continue defending and embracing the very political systems that are producing the collapse, namely ZANUPF in Zimbabwe and FRELIMO in Mozambique, even after disputed elections, corruption scandals, and institutional decay. It is not rocket science why Zimbabweans cross into South Africa to seek medical treatment. It is not rocket science why a significant number of women giving birth at Musina Hospital are Zimbabwean. It is because Zimbabwe’s public healthcare system has collapsed under corruption and decades of misgovernance. Zimbabwe’s largest public hospital still relies on a single maternity theatre built in 1977. The country’s public health sector has, for years, lacked a functioning radiotherapy cancer treatment machine for the entire nation. Under such conditions, desperate citizens will inevitably cross borders, legally and illegally, in search of survival and dignity. Tragically, it is ordinary poor Africans who now become pawns in political battles. Politicians exploit immigration to whip up emotions and win votes, while many of those same political actors continue protecting, legitimising, and enabling the governance failures that created the migration crisis in the first place. The Southern African Development Community (SADC) issued a scathing report on Zimbabwe’s 2023 election. Yet the first president to go and celebrate that disputed victory was South African President Cyril Ramaphosa. It therefore does not make sense for South Africa’s Minister of International Relations and Cooperation, Ronald Lamola, to correctly speak about the root causes of the immigration crisis while his own government continues supporting and legitimising the very systems creating those root causes. After the SADC report was released, the Secretary-General of the African National Congress openly declared “Viva Mnangagwa.” That kind of duplicitous behaviour does not build confidence among citizens in South Africa or across Southern Africa.

Hopewell Chin’ono

27,308 views • 2 months ago