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People say there’s a huge gap between simulation and reality—especially when you run the simulation for a long time. That’s generally true… but we’re excited to share that we’ve taken a solid step toward closing that gap. We can now accurately simulate a robot folding boxes in real time—for...

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Peter Yichen Chen

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16,911 просмотров • 11 месяцев назад •via X (Twitter)

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Introducing a new look, for a new world. At Verse, we’re on a mission to redefine digital environments. We aim to bridge the gap between the physical and digital worlds by providing our users with an experience that closely mimics real-life interactions. This is a world built for players, brands and communities to thrive in a new era of experiential gameplay and engagement. Welcome to the Internet of Reality. Welcome to Verse World.
1:02

Introducing a new look, for a new world. At Verse, we’re on a mission to redefine digital environments. We aim to bridge the gap between the physical and digital worlds by providing our users with an experience that closely mimics real-life interactions. This is a world built for players, brands and communities to thrive in a new era of experiential gameplay and engagement. Welcome to the Internet of Reality. Welcome to Verse World.

Verse World

64,601 просмотров • 1 год назад

ELON: TESLA’S ROBOTS ARE MOVING FROM SIMULATIONS TO REALITY “For the robot, we’re going to need to build a lot of them and put them in an Optimus Academy so they can do self-play in reality and test different tasks. Tesla has quite a good, physics accurate, reality-generator, and we’re doing that for the robots. So you can do millions of robots in a simulated world, and then 10k in the real world to close the simulation to reality gap. Grok would orchestrate the behavior of the Optimus robots.” Source: Cheeky Pint Podcast, Elon Musk
1:39

ELON: TESLA’S ROBOTS ARE MOVING FROM SIMULATIONS TO REALITY “For the robot, we’re going to need to build a lot of them and put them in an Optimus Academy so they can do self-play in reality and test different tasks. Tesla has quite a good, physics accurate, reality-generator, and we’re doing that for the robots. So you can do millions of robots in a simulated world, and then 10k in the real world to close the simulation to reality gap. Grok would orchestrate the behavior of the Optimus robots.” Source: Cheeky Pint Podcast, Elon Musk

Mario Nawfal

19,289 просмотров • 7 месяцев назад

🧵 Evaluating robot policies in the real world is slow, expensive, and hard to scale. During my internship at SceniX this summer, we had many discussions around the two key questions: how accurate must a simulator be for evaluation to be meaningful, and how do we get there? Our new framework, Real2Sim-Eval, takes a step toward that answer. By combining Gaussian Splatting for photorealistic rendering and soft-body digital twins for realistic dynamics, we make simulation predictive of real-world performance. 👉
1:26

🧵 Evaluating robot policies in the real world is slow, expensive, and hard to scale. During my internship at SceniX this summer, we had many discussions around the two key questions: how accurate must a simulator be for evaluation to be meaningful, and how do we get there? Our new framework, Real2Sim-Eval, takes a step toward that answer. By combining Gaussian Splatting for photorealistic rendering and soft-body digital twins for realistic dynamics, we make simulation predictive of real-world performance. 👉

Kaifeng Zhang

67,291 просмотров • 10 месяцев назад

📢 Announcing one of the most exciting works from us this year on **scalable robot policy evaluation through real-to-sim transfer**, moving toward a scalable evaluation engine with structured world models that capture the appearance, geometry, and dynamics of environments involving deformable objects. 🤖 Evaluation remains one of the biggest bottlenecks in building general-purpose robots. Today, robots are still evaluated only in the real world, which is **orders of magnitude slower** than the development of language agents. We propose a new framework where simulation performance **strongly correlates** with the real world (r > 0.9), even for deformable objects. The key difference from existing work lies in the correlation between simulation and reality: if a robot model performs better in the digital world, does it also perform better in the real world? This question has long made people hesitant about simulation-based evaluation — especially for deformable objects. We are changing that. Our pipeline achieves effective real-to-sim transfer, establishing **state-of-the-art correlation** between simulation and reality for deformable object manipulation. It provides a **scalable and reproducible evaluation engine** for robot learning. 🌐
3:04

📢 Announcing one of the most exciting works from us this year on **scalable robot policy evaluation through real-to-sim transfer**, moving toward a scalable evaluation engine with structured world models that capture the appearance, geometry, and dynamics of environments involving deformable objects. 🤖 Evaluation remains one of the biggest bottlenecks in building general-purpose robots. Today, robots are still evaluated only in the real world, which is **orders of magnitude slower** than the development of language agents. We propose a new framework where simulation performance **strongly correlates** with the real world (r > 0.9), even for deformable objects. The key difference from existing work lies in the correlation between simulation and reality: if a robot model performs better in the digital world, does it also perform better in the real world? This question has long made people hesitant about simulation-based evaluation — especially for deformable objects. We are changing that. Our pipeline achieves effective real-to-sim transfer, establishing **state-of-the-art correlation** between simulation and reality for deformable object manipulation. It provides a **scalable and reproducible evaluation engine** for robot learning. 🌐

Yunzhu Li

39,960 просмотров • 10 месяцев назад

We RL'ed humanoid robots to Cristiano Ronaldo, LeBron James, and Kobe Byrant! These are neural nets running on real hardware at our GEAR lab. Most robot demos you see online speed videos up. We actually *slow them down* so you can enjoy the fluid motions. I'm excited to announce "ASAP", a "real2sim2real" model that masters extremely smooth and dynamic motions for humanoid whole body control. We pretrain the robot in simulation first, but there is a notorious "sim2real" gap: it's very difficult for hand-engineered physics equations to match real world dynamics. Our fix is simple: just deploy a pretrained policy on real hardware, collect data, and replay the motion in sim. The replay will obviously have many errors, but that gives a rich signal to compensate for the physics discrepancy. Use another neural net to learn the delta. Basically, we "patch up" a traditional physics engine, so that the robot can experience almost the real world at scale in GPUs. The future is hybrid simulation: combine the power of classical sim engines refined over decades and the uncanny ability of modern NNs to capture a messy world.
0:50

We RL'ed humanoid robots to Cristiano Ronaldo, LeBron James, and Kobe Byrant! These are neural nets running on real hardware at our GEAR lab. Most robot demos you see online speed videos up. We actually *slow them down* so you can enjoy the fluid motions. I'm excited to announce "ASAP", a "real2sim2real" model that masters extremely smooth and dynamic motions for humanoid whole body control. We pretrain the robot in simulation first, but there is a notorious "sim2real" gap: it's very difficult for hand-engineered physics equations to match real world dynamics. Our fix is simple: just deploy a pretrained policy on real hardware, collect data, and replay the motion in sim. The replay will obviously have many errors, but that gives a rich signal to compensate for the physics discrepancy. Use another neural net to learn the delta. Basically, we "patch up" a traditional physics engine, so that the robot can experience almost the real world at scale in GPUs. The future is hybrid simulation: combine the power of classical sim engines refined over decades and the uncanny ability of modern NNs to capture a messy world.

Jim Fan

567,404 просмотров • 1 год назад

Elon just dropped a MAJOR nugget on how Tesla is going to be training Optimus to do real world tasks. They are building an Optimus Academy, which is a large scale, dedicated real-world training facility to accelerate the development of Optimus. The Academy will deploy thousands of Optimus units, potentially 10,000 to 30,000 robots, in a controlled realistic environment where they perform self-play, experiment with tasks, iterate on behaviors, and continuously generate training data through trial and error. The Tesla bots will also run millions of simulations in Tesla’s high-fidelity physics-accurate engine, allowing Optimus to close the “sim-to-real gap” by using these real-world observations to refine and validate the simulations! “You’re actually highlighting an important limitation and difference from cars. We’ll soon have 10 million cars on the road. It’s hard to duplicate that massive training flywheel. For the robot, what we’re going to need to do is build a lot of robots and put them in kind of an Optimus Academy so they can do self-play in reality. We’re actually building that out. We can have at least 10,000 Optimus robots, maybe 20-30,000, that are doing self-play and testing different tasks. Tesla has quite a good reality generator, a physics-accurate reality generator, that we made for the cars. We’ll do the same thing for the robots. We actually have done that for the robots. So you have a few tens of thousands of humanoid robots doing different tasks. You can do millions of simulated robots in the simulated world. You use the tens of thousands of robots in the real world to close the simulation to reality gap. Close the sim-to-real gap.”
1:20

Elon just dropped a MAJOR nugget on how Tesla is going to be training Optimus to do real world tasks. They are building an Optimus Academy, which is a large scale, dedicated real-world training facility to accelerate the development of Optimus. The Academy will deploy thousands of Optimus units, potentially 10,000 to 30,000 robots, in a controlled realistic environment where they perform self-play, experiment with tasks, iterate on behaviors, and continuously generate training data through trial and error. The Tesla bots will also run millions of simulations in Tesla’s high-fidelity physics-accurate engine, allowing Optimus to close the “sim-to-real gap” by using these real-world observations to refine and validate the simulations! “You’re actually highlighting an important limitation and difference from cars. We’ll soon have 10 million cars on the road. It’s hard to duplicate that massive training flywheel. For the robot, what we’re going to need to do is build a lot of robots and put them in kind of an Optimus Academy so they can do self-play in reality. We’re actually building that out. We can have at least 10,000 Optimus robots, maybe 20-30,000, that are doing self-play and testing different tasks. Tesla has quite a good reality generator, a physics-accurate reality generator, that we made for the cars. We’ll do the same thing for the robots. We actually have done that for the robots. So you have a few tens of thousands of humanoid robots doing different tasks. You can do millions of simulated robots in the simulated world. You use the tens of thousands of robots in the real world to close the simulation to reality gap. Close the sim-to-real gap.”

Teslaconomics

42,563 просмотров • 7 месяцев назад

We trained a robot dog to balance and walk on top of a yoga ball purely in simulation, and then transfer zero-shot to the real world. No fine-tuning. Just works. I’m excited to announce DrEureka, an LLM agent that writes code to train robot skills in simulation, and writes more code to bridge the difficult simulation-reality gap. It fully automates the pipeline from new skill learning to real-world deployment. The Yoga ball task is particularly hard because it is not possible to accurately simulate the bouncy ball surface. Yet DrEureka has no trouble searching over a vast space of sim-to-real configurations, and enables the dog to steer the ball on various terrains, even walking sideways! Traditionally, the sim-to-real transfer is achieved by domain randomization, a tedious process that requires expert human roboticists to stare at every parameter and adjust by hand. Frontier LLMs like GPT-4 have tons of built-in physical intuition for friction, damping, stiffness, gravity, etc. We are (mildly) surprised to find that DrEureka can tune these parameters competently and explain its reasoning well. DrEureka builds on our prior work Eureka, the algorithm that teaches a 5-finger robot hand to do pen spinning. It takes one step further on our quest to automate the entire robot learning pipeline by an AI agent system. One model that outputs strings will supervise another model that outputs torque control. We open-source everything! Welcome you all to check out the paper, more videos, and try the codebase today: Code:
0:24

We trained a robot dog to balance and walk on top of a yoga ball purely in simulation, and then transfer zero-shot to the real world. No fine-tuning. Just works. I’m excited to announce DrEureka, an LLM agent that writes code to train robot skills in simulation, and writes more code to bridge the difficult simulation-reality gap. It fully automates the pipeline from new skill learning to real-world deployment. The Yoga ball task is particularly hard because it is not possible to accurately simulate the bouncy ball surface. Yet DrEureka has no trouble searching over a vast space of sim-to-real configurations, and enables the dog to steer the ball on various terrains, even walking sideways! Traditionally, the sim-to-real transfer is achieved by domain randomization, a tedious process that requires expert human roboticists to stare at every parameter and adjust by hand. Frontier LLMs like GPT-4 have tons of built-in physical intuition for friction, damping, stiffness, gravity, etc. We are (mildly) surprised to find that DrEureka can tune these parameters competently and explain its reasoning well. DrEureka builds on our prior work Eureka, the algorithm that teaches a 5-finger robot hand to do pen spinning. It takes one step further on our quest to automate the entire robot learning pipeline by an AI agent system. One model that outputs strings will supervise another model that outputs torque control. We open-source everything! Welcome you all to check out the paper, more videos, and try the codebase today: Code:

Jim Fan

909,210 просмотров • 2 лет назад

Elon Musk in new interview on how Tesla’s Optimus robot will learn more quickly: "What we're going to need to do is build a lot of robots and put them in a kind of like a "Optimus Academy" so they can do self-play in reality. We're actually building that out. We're gonna have at least 10,000 Optimus robots, maybe 20,000 or 30,000, that are doing self-play and testing different tasks. Tesla has quite a good reality generator. A physics-accurate reality generator that we made for the cars. We'll do the same things for the robots, and actually have done that for the robots. You can do millions of simulated robots in a simulated world, and you use the tens of thousands in the real world to close the simulation to reality gap.”
0:59

Elon Musk in new interview on how Tesla’s Optimus robot will learn more quickly: "What we're going to need to do is build a lot of robots and put them in a kind of like a "Optimus Academy" so they can do self-play in reality. We're actually building that out. We're gonna have at least 10,000 Optimus robots, maybe 20,000 or 30,000, that are doing self-play and testing different tasks. Tesla has quite a good reality generator. A physics-accurate reality generator that we made for the cars. We'll do the same things for the robots, and actually have done that for the robots. You can do millions of simulated robots in a simulated world, and you use the tens of thousands in the real world to close the simulation to reality gap.”

Sawyer Merritt

250,956 просмотров • 7 месяцев назад

The coolest part of Microduck might not be the robot. It's how it learns to move. This repo shows the full reinforcement learning pipeline behind Microduck. The robot learns in simulation using MuJoCo, PPO and GPU-based training, then the trained policy is exported to ONNX and deployed on the real robot. But the real challenge is sim-to-real. The simulation models things like actuator behavior, battery voltage, command delays, friction and even gear backlash. That helps make the learned policy work when it moves from simulation to the physical robot. The repo includes policies for walking, fall recovery, sitting, standing, kicking, ground picking and even roller skating. Train in simulation. Test the behavior. Export the policy. Run it on a real robot.
1:01

The coolest part of Microduck might not be the robot. It's how it learns to move. This repo shows the full reinforcement learning pipeline behind Microduck. The robot learns in simulation using MuJoCo, PPO and GPU-based training, then the trained policy is exported to ONNX and deployed on the real robot. But the real challenge is sim-to-real. The simulation models things like actuator behavior, battery voltage, command delays, friction and even gear backlash. That helps make the learned policy work when it moves from simulation to the physical robot. The repo includes policies for walking, fall recovery, sitting, standing, kicking, ground picking and even roller skating. Train in simulation. Test the behavior. Export the policy. Run it on a real robot.

Praveen Kumar Verma

138,017 просмотров • 1 месяц назад

It’s long been a dream of roboticists to be able to teach a robot in simulation so as to skip the long and expensive process of collecting large amounts of real-world training data. However, building simulations for robot tasks is extremely hard. Ideally, we could go from real data to a useful simulation. This is exactly what Guangqi Jiang and his co-authors do. they use 3d Gaussian splatting to reconstructed scenes which let them create interactive environments that, when combined with a physcs engine, allow for training robot policies that show zero-shot sim-to-real transfer (i.e., using no real-world demonstrations). To learn more, watch Episode 56 of Robopapers with Michael Cho - Rbt/Acc and Chris Paxton now!
46:05

It’s long been a dream of roboticists to be able to teach a robot in simulation so as to skip the long and expensive process of collecting large amounts of real-world training data. However, building simulations for robot tasks is extremely hard. Ideally, we could go from real data to a useful simulation. This is exactly what Guangqi Jiang and his co-authors do. they use 3d Gaussian splatting to reconstructed scenes which let them create interactive environments that, when combined with a physcs engine, allow for training robot policies that show zero-shot sim-to-real transfer (i.e., using no real-world demonstrations). To learn more, watch Episode 56 of Robopapers with Michael Cho - Rbt/Acc and Chris Paxton now!

RoboPapers

20,434 просмотров • 9 месяцев назад

AN OXFORD STUDENT IS RUNNING A PARTICLE SIMULATION WITH REAL PEOPLE'S NAMES AND CLAIMS CERN IS TAUNTING HIM THROUGH THE CODE Thousands of particles on a black screen - each one labeled with a real person's name - moving according to the laws of physics in real time and he is completely convinced this is not a simulation but a personal message from CERN directed at him specifically. Particle simulation with collision detection, velocity vectors and brownian motion - technically flawless code that tracks every particle individually and renders trajectories at 60 fps. CERN operates a 17km collider that accelerates protons to 99.9999991% the speed of light and generates a petabyte of data every single day - and apparently found the time to encode Oxford student names into a simulation. The code is real. The physics is correct. The conclusions are a separate conversation.
0:21

AN OXFORD STUDENT IS RUNNING A PARTICLE SIMULATION WITH REAL PEOPLE'S NAMES AND CLAIMS CERN IS TAUNTING HIM THROUGH THE CODE Thousands of particles on a black screen - each one labeled with a real person's name - moving according to the laws of physics in real time and he is completely convinced this is not a simulation but a personal message from CERN directed at him specifically. Particle simulation with collision detection, velocity vectors and brownian motion - technically flawless code that tracks every particle individually and renders trajectories at 60 fps. CERN operates a 17km collider that accelerates protons to 99.9999991% the speed of light and generates a petabyte of data every single day - and apparently found the time to encode Oxford student names into a simulation. The code is real. The physics is correct. The conclusions are a separate conversation.

Noisy

5,726,175 просмотров • 4 месяцев назад

Historically, RL policies for robots have been trained in synthetic, untextured environments, limiting perceptive policies to depth images where the sim-to-real gap is manageable. RGB has always had more potential, but leveraging it to train policies in simulation remained an open problem. Partnering with Niantic Spatial 🌎 and NVIDIA Robotics, we built a pipeline that addresses exactly that. We can now scan a real deployment site with off-the-shelf hardware, reconstruct it into a photorealistic Gaussian splat, and run massively parallel RL training. The policies trained in our Gym environment then transfer zero-shot to the real robot and environments they were trained for. This enables faster deployment of more capable and robust policies for the end user. The new resulting capabilities are a big step towards solving sim-to-real and also apply well beyond navigation. Read the full technical breakdown on our blog; link in the comments. #HumanoidRobots #Flexion #NianticSpatial #NVIDIA
1:21

Historically, RL policies for robots have been trained in synthetic, untextured environments, limiting perceptive policies to depth images where the sim-to-real gap is manageable. RGB has always had more potential, but leveraging it to train policies in simulation remained an open problem. Partnering with Niantic Spatial 🌎 and NVIDIA Robotics, we built a pipeline that addresses exactly that. We can now scan a real deployment site with off-the-shelf hardware, reconstruct it into a photorealistic Gaussian splat, and run massively parallel RL training. The policies trained in our Gym environment then transfer zero-shot to the real robot and environments they were trained for. This enables faster deployment of more capable and robust policies for the end user. The new resulting capabilities are a big step towards solving sim-to-real and also apply well beyond navigation. Read the full technical breakdown on our blog; link in the comments. #HumanoidRobots #Flexion #NianticSpatial #NVIDIA

Flexion

72,909 просмотров • 2 месяцев назад

Are We In a Simulation? Well, it does work as if we are. So for all intents and purposes you should adopt this mentality! Life responds to you, primarily your thoughts, beliefs, energy and actions. Whether or not there's a giant computer doesn't matter; simulation can simply be an allegory for how this reality operates. As such, we can work with this simulation to create the reality that we desire, and improve our lives. Becoming conscious is the goal. Then, work to understand WHY we are in this "simulation", and what our aims should be...
1:50

Are We In a Simulation? Well, it does work as if we are. So for all intents and purposes you should adopt this mentality! Life responds to you, primarily your thoughts, beliefs, energy and actions. Whether or not there's a giant computer doesn't matter; simulation can simply be an allegory for how this reality operates. As such, we can work with this simulation to create the reality that we desire, and improve our lives. Becoming conscious is the goal. Then, work to understand WHY we are in this "simulation", and what our aims should be...

⚡️🌞 Sol Brah 🌞🐬

19,309 просмотров • 1 год назад

People who've never set foot in a factory will never understand... I watched this three times. For decades, robotics simulation has promised faster deployment. But factories still had to build the real cell to see if it actually worked. Which meant expensive physical prototypes, weeks or months!!! of commissioning, constant surprises between simulation and reality That “sim-to-real gap” has quietly been one of the biggest bottlenecks in manufacturing automation. And it’s exactly what is changing. Today, ABB Robotics announced a partnership with NVIDIA Robotics aimed at closing this gap through the new RobotStudio HyperReality platform: Simulation and real robot behavior can match with near-perfect accuracy. That means manufacturers can design, test, and validate entire production lines before a single robot is installed on the factory floor. The implications are massive: • up to 80% faster setup and commissioning • roughly 40% lower costs by removing physical prototypes • about 50% faster time-to-market for new production lines In other words: Factories can move from trial-and-error engineering to software-driven manufacturing design. Production lines become something you build and validate digitally first. Then deploy physically once everything already works. For an industry that still measures deployment timelines in months or years, this is a major shift. It changes how automation projects are planned, how factories are designed, and how fast manufacturing can adapt to new products. Physical AI actually becomes deployable at an industrial scale. I’ll be at GTC in San Jose next week to see and talk to manufacturers and robotics engineers. If you are into manufacturing like I am, hit me up; my DMs are open!
0:31

People who've never set foot in a factory will never understand... I watched this three times. For decades, robotics simulation has promised faster deployment. But factories still had to build the real cell to see if it actually worked. Which meant expensive physical prototypes, weeks or months!!! of commissioning, constant surprises between simulation and reality That “sim-to-real gap” has quietly been one of the biggest bottlenecks in manufacturing automation. And it’s exactly what is changing. Today, ABB Robotics announced a partnership with NVIDIA Robotics aimed at closing this gap through the new RobotStudio HyperReality platform: Simulation and real robot behavior can match with near-perfect accuracy. That means manufacturers can design, test, and validate entire production lines before a single robot is installed on the factory floor. The implications are massive: • up to 80% faster setup and commissioning • roughly 40% lower costs by removing physical prototypes • about 50% faster time-to-market for new production lines In other words: Factories can move from trial-and-error engineering to software-driven manufacturing design. Production lines become something you build and validate digitally first. Then deploy physically once everything already works. For an industry that still measures deployment timelines in months or years, this is a major shift. It changes how automation projects are planned, how factories are designed, and how fast manufacturing can adapt to new products. Physical AI actually becomes deployable at an industrial scale. I’ll be at GTC in San Jose next week to see and talk to manufacturers and robotics engineers. If you are into manufacturing like I am, hit me up; my DMs are open!

Ilir Aliu

69,120 просмотров • 6 месяцев назад

Today, we're joined by Nikita Rudin, co-founder and CEO of Flexion to discuss the gap between current robotic capabilities and what’s required to deploy fully autonomous robots in the real world. Nikita explains how reinforcement learning and simulation have driven rapid progress in robot locomotion—and why locomotion is still far from “solved.” We dig into the sim2real gap, and how adding visual inputs introduces noise and significantly complicates sim-to-real transfer. We also explore the debate between end-to-end models and modular approaches, and why separating locomotion, planning, and semantics remains a pragmatic approach today. Nikita also introduces the concept of "real-to-sim", which uses real-world data to refine simulation parameters for higher fidelity training, discusses how reinforcement learning, imitation learning, and teleoperation data are combined to train robust policies for both quadruped and humanoid robots, and introduces Flexion's hierarchical approach that utilizes pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for high-level task orchestration with Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models and low-level whole-body trackers. Finally, Nikita shares the behind-the-scenes in humanoid robot demos, his take on reinforcement learning in simulation versus the real world, the nuances of reward tuning, and offers practical advice for researchers and practitioners looking to get started in robotics today. 🗒️ For the full list of resources for this episode, visit the show notes page: 📖 CHAPTERS =============================== 00:00 - Introduction 04:07 - Is robot locomotion solved? 06:04 - Sim-to-real gap 08:58 - Adding semantics to policies 09:42 - Modular vs end-to-end architectures 10:29 - Planner model 12:21 - Adapting RL techniques from quadrupeds to humanoids 15:39 - Behind robot demos 18:09 - Humanoid robots in home environments 22:03 - Training approach 23:56 - VLA models 27:59 - Closing the sim-to-real gap 32:55 - Task orchestration using VLMs 36:38 - Tool use 38:10 - Model hierarchy 43:37 - Simulator versus simulation environment 44:57 - Combining imitation learning and reinforcement learning 46:42 - RL in real world versus RL in simulation 52:58 - Reward tuning and value functions in robotics 56:38 - Predictions 1:00:10 - Humanoids, quadropeds, and wheeled platforms 1:02:45 - Advice, recommended robot kits, and community pla
1:06:07

Today, we're joined by Nikita Rudin, co-founder and CEO of Flexion to discuss the gap between current robotic capabilities and what’s required to deploy fully autonomous robots in the real world. Nikita explains how reinforcement learning and simulation have driven rapid progress in robot locomotion—and why locomotion is still far from “solved.” We dig into the sim2real gap, and how adding visual inputs introduces noise and significantly complicates sim-to-real transfer. We also explore the debate between end-to-end models and modular approaches, and why separating locomotion, planning, and semantics remains a pragmatic approach today. Nikita also introduces the concept of "real-to-sim", which uses real-world data to refine simulation parameters for higher fidelity training, discusses how reinforcement learning, imitation learning, and teleoperation data are combined to train robust policies for both quadruped and humanoid robots, and introduces Flexion's hierarchical approach that utilizes pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for high-level task orchestration with Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models and low-level whole-body trackers. Finally, Nikita shares the behind-the-scenes in humanoid robot demos, his take on reinforcement learning in simulation versus the real world, the nuances of reward tuning, and offers practical advice for researchers and practitioners looking to get started in robotics today. 🗒️ For the full list of resources for this episode, visit the show notes page: 📖 CHAPTERS =============================== 00:00 - Introduction 04:07 - Is robot locomotion solved? 06:04 - Sim-to-real gap 08:58 - Adding semantics to policies 09:42 - Modular vs end-to-end architectures 10:29 - Planner model 12:21 - Adapting RL techniques from quadrupeds to humanoids 15:39 - Behind robot demos 18:09 - Humanoid robots in home environments 22:03 - Training approach 23:56 - VLA models 27:59 - Closing the sim-to-real gap 32:55 - Task orchestration using VLMs 36:38 - Tool use 38:10 - Model hierarchy 43:37 - Simulator versus simulation environment 44:57 - Combining imitation learning and reinforcement learning 46:42 - RL in real world versus RL in simulation 52:58 - Reward tuning and value functions in robotics 56:38 - Predictions 1:00:10 - Humanoids, quadropeds, and wheeled platforms 1:02:45 - Advice, recommended robot kits, and community pla

The TWIML AI Podcast

22,592 просмотров • 8 месяцев назад

Evaluating robot policies is hard. Ideally, instead of testing every new policy on a real robot, you could test in simulation; but simulations rarely correlate well with real-world performance. In order to make good, useful simulations, you need to spend a great deal of time and effort. That’s where PolaRiS comes in: it’s a toolkit that lets you take a short video of a real scene and turn it into a high-fidelity simulation. It provides what you need to build a good evaluation environment, and it “ships” with off-the-shelf environments that already show strong sim-to-real correlation, meaning that they can be used to inform policy performance. Arhan Jain and Karl Pertsch join us to talk about what they have built, why, and how you can use it. Watch Episode #62 of RoboPapers, with Chris Paxton and Jiafei Duan, now!
59:36

Evaluating robot policies is hard. Ideally, instead of testing every new policy on a real robot, you could test in simulation; but simulations rarely correlate well with real-world performance. In order to make good, useful simulations, you need to spend a great deal of time and effort. That’s where PolaRiS comes in: it’s a toolkit that lets you take a short video of a real scene and turn it into a high-fidelity simulation. It provides what you need to build a good evaluation environment, and it “ships” with off-the-shelf environments that already show strong sim-to-real correlation, meaning that they can be used to inform policy performance. Arhan Jain and Karl Pertsch join us to talk about what they have built, why, and how you can use it. Watch Episode #62 of RoboPapers, with Chris Paxton and Jiafei Duan, now!

RoboPapers

14,802 просмотров • 7 месяцев назад

Fei-Fei Li on what simulation can do for robotics that real-world data can't: "You play out events that haven't happened, or cannot happen... And while you play it out, you learn how to act in it." "That's really important in robotics, because we cannot possibly have enough real-world data for that." "Here is a real life example: the industry of self-driving cars. Waymo has officially said they use billions of hours of simulation." "Cars are the simplest kind of robots. So clearly simulation plays a huge role in robotic learning." Fei-Fei Li Yunzhu Li World Labs martin_casado
1:30

Fei-Fei Li on what simulation can do for robotics that real-world data can't: "You play out events that haven't happened, or cannot happen... And while you play it out, you learn how to act in it." "That's really important in robotics, because we cannot possibly have enough real-world data for that." "Here is a real life example: the industry of self-driving cars. Waymo has officially said they use billions of hours of simulation." "Cars are the simplest kind of robots. So clearly simulation plays a huge role in robotic learning." Fei-Fei Li Yunzhu Li World Labs martin_casado

a16z

35,794 просмотров • 2 месяцев назад

Claude and I got a live sodium atom simulation! lightcell energy 🔆 I've long wanted to be able to visualize what is really happening when a neutral sodium atom is excited in a flame or a bulb. Classical theory teaches that the single outer electron orbits the nucleus and full shells, and forms a dipole when this gets "wanged" but, physicists have long wondered, what does it look like when the electron gets wanged? is it like ringing a bell? i thought that this was the perfect time to really push what is capable of, in terms of building artifacts. grabbed zig to compile wasm and webgpu to make it super performant, and work with it for a bit and ran the REAL TIME-DEPENDENT Schrödinger equation on a 3D grid in a potential in the browser. and you can kick it! what!! it's soo beautiful... this is going on the website overhaul for sure here is the artifact. i don't endorse that it's exactly right, but i feel it is probably spiritually a good sodium simulation. it certainly rings my dipole!
4:11

Claude and I got a live sodium atom simulation! lightcell energy 🔆 I've long wanted to be able to visualize what is really happening when a neutral sodium atom is excited in a flame or a bulb. Classical theory teaches that the single outer electron orbits the nucleus and full shells, and forms a dipole when this gets "wanged" but, physicists have long wondered, what does it look like when the electron gets wanged? is it like ringing a bell? i thought that this was the perfect time to really push what is capable of, in terms of building artifacts. grabbed zig to compile wasm and webgpu to make it super performant, and work with it for a bit and ran the REAL TIME-DEPENDENT Schrödinger equation on a 3D grid in a potential in the browser. and you can kick it! what!! it's soo beautiful... this is going on the website overhaul for sure here is the artifact. i don't endorse that it's exactly right, but i feel it is probably spiritually a good sodium simulation. it certainly rings my dipole!

Danielle Fong 🔆

17,231 просмотров • 4 месяцев назад