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Some rare and remarkable processes are taking place this week, that we are not likely to observe for a long time! These 2 Atlantic hurricanes are closer than any since at least the 1960s. They are now connected - in each other’s orbit, pivoting. Stop 1. Notice the calm...

524,170 просмотров • 11 месяцев назад •via X (Twitter)

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Contrail lesson! 1. “Chemtrails” don’t exist. Just to get that out of the way. 2. Observe the satellite loop and Skew-T chart. In the IR satellite loop you can see yesterday, the West Coast had a decent short wave ridge suppressing moisture over California and Nevada. Today, you can see moisture from a low pressure over the Pacific spilling over the ridge that is now moving east of California. This is upper level moisture ADVECTING into the area. This upper level moisture is mainly above the 500mb level, or 20,000ft. 3. Now observe the Skew-T chart. Particularly clue into the 300mb level. This is a perfect example of what I talk about all the time, and why it’s important to pay attention to the 300mb level. This moisture layer is advecting particularly at the 300mb level, and synoptic scale cirrus development, and advection, typically occurs at 300mb. This is key because aircraft are flying at and above the 300mb level. 4. So, lastly, observe the pictures that I took of the sky over northern Nevada at the time of this post. You can see the layer of cirrus as well as contrails persisting in that moisture layer, exactly as depicted in the satellite shot AND confirmed by the Skew-T chart. Keep in mind that temperatures at this level of the atmosphere are typically -20 to -50°C. In this case, you can see that the temperature at 300mb is -40°C and relative humidities at this level are far different than what you experience at the surface. Any decrease in the gap between temperature and dewpoint at this level can significantly increase the relative humidity. This is why it’s referred to as “relative”because it’s far different than temperatures and dew points at the surface. So, to bring it all together, aircraft flying at these altitudes, which most commercial and military aircraft do, injecting warm, moist air from the engines rapidly into the super cooled environment, not only instantly form contrails, but when relative humidities are as depicted in this example, will enable contrails to persist for hours at a time supported by the moisture existing in that layer. This is what causes persistent contrails. These ARE NOT “chemtrails” and because they persist, does not, and will not ever, make them “chemtrails.” Now that you all needed your government to tell you that climate change was a hoax and I’ve been telling you for years that the “Geoengineering” and “chemtrail” nonsense are propaganda directly related to the climate change hoax, hopefully you can take some time to learn the basics of the atmosphere and understand what I’m showing you here, and how it works, so you’re not fooled by climate propaganda going forward. Thank you for your attention to this matter. 💪🏼🇺🇸

Dylan Tucker

26,804 просмотров • 10 месяцев назад

Batch Normalization by hand ✍️ ~ 7 steps walkthrough below Batch normalization is common practice for improving training and achieving faster convergence. It sounds simple. But it is often misunderstood. 🤔 Does batch normalization involve trainable parameters, tunable hyper-parameters, or both? 🤔 Is batch normalization applied to inputs, features, weights, biases, or outputs? 🤔 How is batch normalization different from layer normalization? So I drew and calculated one entirely by hand. Goal: normalize a mini-batch of 4 examples to mean 0 and variance 1, then let the network scale it back. = 1. Given = A mini-batch of 4 training examples, each with 3 features. = 2. Linear layer = Let us multiply by the weights and add the biases. Batch norm sits after this, which answers the second question: what gets normalized is features, not inputs, weights or biases. = 3. ReLU = We apply the activation, and -2 becomes 0. Negative values are suppressed before any statistic is taken. = 4. Batch statistics = Let us compute the sum, mean, variance and standard deviation, one row at a time. A row is a feature and the four columns are the four examples, so every number here measures one feature against the rest of the batch. That is the "batch" in batch normalization, and it is exactly what layer normalization does not do. The statistics are rounded to whole numbers, which is what keeps the rest of the page doable in pen. = 5. Shift to mean 0 = We subtract the mean, in green. The four values in each feature now average to zero. = 6. Scale to variance 1 = Let us divide by the standard deviation, in orange. Each feature now has variance one, whatever scale it arrived at. = 7. Scale and shift = We multiply by a linear transformation and pass the result on. The diagonal and the last column are trainable, so having just forced every feature to mean 0 and variance 1, we hand the network the means to undo it. The outputs: Mean of each feature = [2, 1, 2] Std dev of each feature = [1, 1, 2] To the next layer = [2, -2, 2, 0], [-3, 3, 6, -3], [2, 0, 1, 2] The answers: 🤔 Both. The scale and shift are trainable, the statistics are not. Epsilon and the momentum on the running statistics are the hyper-parameters, and one mini-batch by hand needs neither. 🤔 Features, after the linear layer, not inputs, weights or biases. 🤔 Batch norm measures across the batch, one feature at a time. Layer norm measures across the features, one example at a time. 💾 Save this post!

Tom Yeh

20,848 просмотров • 1 месяц назад

I have not seen enough about the decision from Mike Vrabel and Tim Kelly to go for 2 down by 8 last night. Here’s why I loved it: 1) NFL teams this season have been successful on 55% of two-point conversion attempts. The odds were in the Titans’ favor. 2) Will Levis was dealing in the 2nd half. 3) Titans still had all three timeouts and the two-minute warning. 4) Miami struggled to move the ball on offense all night. Their three scoring drives went for 12, 7, and 59 yards. 5) If successful on the two-point conversion, a stop on defense and a TD wins the game. If unsuccessful, you can still send it to OT. 6) Titans offense marched down the field, scored the TD to make it a one possession game and essentially told Miami, “we are going for two because we know you cannot stop us right now.” The odds are in your favor. It’s a good mathematical decision. You want to psych out an opposing offense? Give them the ball knowing they need to run the clock out, or you are going to have a chance to WIN the game, not send it to overtime. They saw what your offense just did to their defense. They saw your QB on the sideline screaming and hyping everyone up. Cutting the lead to six put WAY more pressure on the Dolphins offense. You want to hype up your defense? Put them back on the field knowing your offense just did their job. Put them back on the field knowing a stop and a TD wins it. At that point, they aren’t in the mindset of “we need a stop to have a chance to go to OT.” They are thinking, “let’s go out here, get a stop, and give our offense a chance to WIN.” There’s a fundamental difference in playing to WIN and playing NOT to LOSE. This was a decision by a coaching staff that was playing to WIN. Brilliant game by Vrabel and Kelly. Brilliant execution late in the game by the offense and the defense. Completely out-coached one of the best offensive minds in the game. #Titans

Jake!

36,853 просмотров • 2 лет назад

Look closely at a roughly $109 million F-35B and the remarkable feature is what you barely see, fastener heads, wide panel gaps or steps between sections. That apparent single shell contains more than 40,000 threaded fasteners and over 1,000 measured seams in between panels. Despite weighing up to 27 tons and measuring 15.6 m long with a 10.7 m wingspan, the F-35B has an estimated frontal radar cross section of just 0.001 m², roughly a metal golf ball once in the air. Even advanced airborne AESA fighter radars and ground based long range SAM engagement radars like the S400 system, typically cannot detect or lock it until within 25-40 km, making long range air-to-air or surface to air missiles extremely hard to employ against it. Radar does not see a “smooth”surface as we do. The aircraft’s shape redirects energy away, while low observable materials absorb part of it. But a single raised fastener head, open or uneven panel gap or small step becomes a new edge or cavity that creates a radar signature. It disrupts electrical currents across the surface and can scatter energy back which advanced radar can pick up. Composite skins are formed on precision tools that set the exterior contour, then drilled to fit the structure beneath. The fasteners are not hidden inside, countersunk heads pass through the skin, are set flush or recessed, measured, filled until the curve is restored, and measured again. Exact F-35 tolerance limits are not public, but the inspection tool repeats to better than 0.001 inch, about 25 micrometres. Seams are separately checked for gap and vertical mismatch, conductive gap fillers and low-observable coatings help stop those transitions becoming strong reflectors points. Fourth-generation fighters already used flush fasteners for reducing aero drag. The real fifth-generation leap is treating every minute seam, material change and removable panel as radar geometry, then reproducing that finish across a fleet. At sea, salt, moisture, fluids and panel removal make preserving it a permanent maintenance discipline. A stealth outline can be copied from a photograph. The real manufacturing capability is making tens of thousands of parts and panels behave like one electromagnetic surface and restoring it for decades. Source, Pacific Airshow

Ammanichanda

47,755 просмотров • 8 дней назад

They started with 50. Now they say they’re 18,000 In 1996 there were fewer than 50 of them. Today, according to the organizers, up to 18,000 walked through Copenhagen. From Dronning Louises Bro to the Imam Ali Mosque. Look at the curve. This is how it happens. First a handful. Then a few hundred. Then it fills a bridge, a district, a capital. A little at a time, until it is no longer a little. And let me be fair, because fairness is the point. There is nothing strange about them holding this mourning procession. They have done it as part of their faith for more than a thousand years. It is theirs, and they believe in it. There is nothing strange about that at all. What should stop us is the other half. There is nothing strange about Europe allowing it either, and that is exactly the problem. Europe allows it because Europe has forgotten who it is. A people that remembers what it stands for does not need to ban anything, it simply knows where its own line runs. We have lost that. And so the issue was never them. The issue is us. Now look at what actually moved through the streets. Men in front. Women in the second row. That is not a detail, that is the whole point. It is a view of women set into a system and marched out into the public square, in a city where generations fought for women and men to stand as equals. The real question is not whether people may believe what they want. They may. The question is why our capital should cultivate a political law-religion that commemorates a 7th-century power struggle by dividing people by sex on Nørrebrogade. One of the organizers is the Imam Ali Mosque, repeatedly described as the Iranian regime’s extended arm in Denmark. The same regime that hangs women and young men from cranes. We are not importing culture. We are importing a system. And we let it grow, not because they are strong, but because we forgot why we were. First a little. Then a lot. Then too late.

Krisztina Maria

38,814 просмотров • 2 месяцев назад

Did you know that in 1947, GE (General Electric) scientists were involved in a secret government program called Project Cirrus that seeded hurricanes to steer them? After seeding, the hurricane took an immediate sharp turn towards the southeast US. They did this 80 years ago... Did you also know there was another program called Project Stormfury from 1962-1983 that seeded hurricanes to a substantially higher degree to "learn whether the force of the storms can be diminished"? It's completely rational to think that they also learned more about how they can impact their trajectory towards landmass and increase it's destructive power. What if the government is just creating a human trauma farm and disaster economy so they can continue to make you more and more reliant on them and profit from it at the time? If still you're struggling to comprehend that kind of malice from these orgs, you must have been dead asleep for the past 4 years. To quote Richard Spinrad from a 2009 memo to HSARPA, who was the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) assistant administrator for the Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR). "While OAR recognizes that weather modification, in general, is occurring through the funding of private enterprises, NOAA does not support research that entails efforts to modify hurricanes" Read this part very slowly - "is occurring through the funding of private enterprises" Geoengineering and weather modification is reality and you have to be blind or dishonest not to believe it at this point. The government can create, diminish, and steer hurricanes, and they've had the capacity to do so for decades. So yet again, you must now ask yourself... Would they do such a thing and willfully cause destruction and harm to their own citizens for a nefarious or profit motivated purpose? The answer is a resounding and undeniable YES, they would.

Inversionism

1,579,977 просмотров • 1 год назад

10th of July - Israeli War on South Lebanon update: Israeli killer drones have carried out 5 attacks since morning, including at least 2 civilian cars in areas that are not even included in their proclaimed yellow zone (area occupied by drone strikes and surveillance). Israeli Hermes 450 drone attacked a pickup truck by 2 missiles this morning on Kfardajjal road, linking Nabatieh to Kfarsir and central Litani area. The pickup was for a contractor with the municipal council and carrying garbage from a nearby town to be dropped in a location their. The road is used by most of the people returning to towns of Qsaybeh, Adsheet, Kfarsir and Qaqaaiyet al-Jeser and others. 2 men who were municipality workers, were seriously injured and taken to hospital. At noon, Israeli drones targeted a civilian SUV on the outskirts of Kfarromman. The terrorist attack was carried out by 2 missiles also, as video shows, and until now we have unconfirmed information about 1 man who was murdered. Other Israeli drone strikes were reported since morning, including 1 on Ali Taher hill, 1 on Zawtar and another one Qaqaaiyet al-Jeser. These 3 are still being investigated and it is hard to reach any of those areas by civil defense or any first responders team. This is happening while the Lebanese current authorities are insisting on continuing their negotiation process with Israeli enemy, and not even condemn any of these daily agressions, according to the "good intentions" paper they signed some weeks ago in Washington.

Hadi Hoteit | هادي حطيط

35,613 просмотров • 1 месяц назад

*Long sigh* Here we go again. E-bikes. Or in this case, what are actually electric dirt bikes. Have you seen these two individuals? We know some of you are tired of hearing about this topic, but we’re determined to keep our community safe, and part of that means identifying the people putting others at risk. This video was taken yesterday around midday near Southlands Mall. One of our officers was patrolling the area when he spotted these two doubled up on what appears to be a modified electric dirt bike. These types of vehicles are not street legal in the City of Aurora and are classified as off-highway vehicles, similar to traditional dirt bikes, ATVs and side-by-sides. Only pedal-assist e-bikes are allowed on roadways and they must follow the same traffic laws as bicycles. These two were not. According to officers and security staff, the pair have repeatedly ridden recklessly through the Southlands area over the past several weeks. They’ve blown through stop signs and red lights, refused to stop for law enforcement and used sidewalks as their personal racetrack. As seen in this video, they eventually fled from officers onto a nearby path. One thing that makes this bike stand out: • The driver wears goggles strapped backward around the helmet • The passenger never wears a helmet • The bike is missing a front fender, which is unusual compared to similar bikes we’ve seen. This behavior creates a serious danger for pedestrians, drivers and everyone trying to safely enjoy the area. We wish this was rare, but incidents involving illegal and reckless e-bike riding continue to increase. Another reminder to parents: Know where your kids are riding. Make sure they understand the rules of the road and the risks that come with these vehicles. Ensure they are wearing the proper safety gear too- including a helmet. If you recognize these individuals or have information, please contact our officer via email at [email protected]. [Media Description: Two individuals riding a e-bike on a sidewalk eluding from police.]

Aurora Police Dept

32,504 просмотров • 3 месяцев назад