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The quantum-mitigation question on every cryptographer's mind: to use hash-based or Lattice-based signatures in Bitcoin? Hash-based signature schemes—e.g. SHRINCs/SHRIMPS by Blockstream's Jonas Nick—have been called "the conservative choice" by Adam Back while Dan Boneh makes a push for lattice-based signatures. "Hash-based signatures are combinatorial in nature—and that limits a... show more

Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️

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14,169 Aufrufe • vor 1 Monat •via X (Twitter)

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Director of Blockstream Research, Jonas Nick, explains the case for hash-based post-quantum signatures in Bitcoin in one minute:

Director of Blockstream Research, Jonas Nick, explains the case for hash-based post-quantum signatures in Bitcoin in one minute:

Blockstream

60,199 Aufrufe • vor 2 Monaten

Hash-based signatures for Bitcoin's post-quantum future? with Jonas Nick | SLP713 Bitcoin researcher Blockstream and bitcoin/secp256k1 contributor, Jonas Nick joins me to discuss how quantum computing could impact Bitcoin’s security. We explore post-quantum cryptography, hash-based signatures, impact on hardware wallets, the controversial block size trade-offs and more. (00:00) - Intro (01:49) - How real is quantum risk to Bitcoin? (04:39) - When could quantum pose a threat to Bitcoin’s cryptography? (09:56) - Long range vs Short range attacks (12:37) - How many coins are vulnerable to Long range attacks? (14:12) - Different types of cryptography and exploring Hash-based signature schemes (17:00) - Categories of Hash-based signature scheme and their pros & cons (23:42) - How do Hash-based signatures work? (32:14) - Would Lightning, Multi-sig, Taproot, Silent Payments, Atomic swaps work in a post-quantum world? (38:50) - What are Adaptor signatures & how do they affect atomic swapping? (41:27) - Will we need new Bitcoin hardware wallets?; Signature production & verification (44:41) - Signature size and Bitcoin block capacity implications (46:52) - Should we revisit the block size conversation? (54:57) - Overview of SPHINCS+ & SHRINCS (59:49) - Transitioning to post-quantum signature schemes; Overview of BIP 360 (1:09:06) - Closing thoughts

Hash-based signatures for Bitcoin's post-quantum future? with Jonas Nick | SLP713 Bitcoin researcher Blockstream and bitcoin/secp256k1 contributor, Jonas Nick joins me to discuss how quantum computing could impact Bitcoin’s security. We explore post-quantum cryptography, hash-based signatures, impact on hardware wallets, the controversial block size trade-offs and more. (00:00) - Intro (01:49) - How real is quantum risk to Bitcoin? (04:39) - When could quantum pose a threat to Bitcoin’s cryptography? (09:56) - Long range vs Short range attacks (12:37) - How many coins are vulnerable to Long range attacks? (14:12) - Different types of cryptography and exploring Hash-based signature schemes (17:00) - Categories of Hash-based signature scheme and their pros & cons (23:42) - How do Hash-based signatures work? (32:14) - Would Lightning, Multi-sig, Taproot, Silent Payments, Atomic swaps work in a post-quantum world? (38:50) - What are Adaptor signatures & how do they affect atomic swapping? (41:27) - Will we need new Bitcoin hardware wallets?; Signature production & verification (44:41) - Signature size and Bitcoin block capacity implications (46:52) - Should we revisit the block size conversation? (54:57) - Overview of SPHINCS+ & SHRINCS (59:49) - Transitioning to post-quantum signature schemes; Overview of BIP 360 (1:09:06) - Closing thoughts

Stephan Livera

45,684 Aufrufe • vor 4 Monaten

Provable SHRIMPS: Post-quantum hash-based signatures verified in Cairo with STARK proofs. As usual Blockstream Research is killing it on the post quantum bitcoin research. SHRIMPS 🦐 is so cool that I made provable shrimps, it could be useful to for batch shrimps signature verification. Don't panic, as Adam Back said: "SHRIMPS & bitcoin quantum readiness > quantum FUD."

Provable SHRIMPS: Post-quantum hash-based signatures verified in Cairo with STARK proofs. As usual Blockstream Research is killing it on the post quantum bitcoin research. SHRIMPS 🦐 is so cool that I made provable shrimps, it could be useful to for batch shrimps signature verification. Don't panic, as Adam Back said: "SHRIMPS & bitcoin quantum readiness > quantum FUD."

abdel

25,494 Aufrufe • vor 2 Monaten

BITCOIN RAILS #59: Post-Quantum Bitcoin Signatures (+ their tradeoffs) | with BIP 360 co-author Ethan ✨ is on BlueSky✨ Heilman 🐱 and Blockstream Head of Research Jonas Nick 🔗 YOUTUBE: 🌿 SPOTIFY: According to BIP 360 co-author Ethan Heilman, Bitcoin needs a minimum of two soft forks to become quantum resistant: P2MR (or an output type that can safely execute PQ signatures) + a post-quantum checksig (signature scheme). Ethan and the BIP 360 team (including myself and Hunter Beast 🕯️) introduced the P2MR part via a BIP 360 update late last year—but the question remains, what’s the most appropriate PQ signature scheme for Bitcoin? They all have substantive tradeoffs, but hash-based signatures seem to be leading technical discourse—likely due to recent optimizations by Jonas Nick and the broader Blockstream research team. It was an honor to sit down with both of these men - arguably the two most influential and productive cryptographers in Bitcoin quantum mitigation right now - for an in-depth review of the leading PQ signature schemes and a temperature check on Bitcoin’s post-quantum planning process. TBH, if you want to skip the noise and jump straight to the signal on quantum, this is the interview to watch. In this episode, we discuss: - What needs to happen at the soft fork, infra, and mitigation levels to fully quantum-harden Bitcoin - Recent updates to BIP 360 + breakdown of the leading hash-based signatures schemes for Bitcoin (SHRINCS + SHRIMPS) - Why we may actually get consensus around a stateful scheme for Bitcoin - Comparisons of hash-based signatures vs Lattice and Isogeny-based schemes - Assessing the risks of both waiting too long and acting too fast (and why quantum is a better threat to be facing than a potential classical attack) This episode of Bitcoin Rails is brought to you by my NEW sponsors: - LayerTwo Labs LayerTwo Labs — developing research, software, and technologies for scaling Bitcoin via the integration of Drivechains (BIP 300/301) - Hashi on Sui — a primitive for executing Bitcoin Defi transactions, without having to trust a federated bridge or other centralized entity - BitBox BitBox — an open-source Bitcoin-only hardware wallet, with smooth UX and no compromises on security. Check out Bitbox [dot] swiss and use code BITCOINRAILS to get a discount TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Intro 02:18 Ethan’s Quantum Wakeup 05:18 How Blockstream Enters Post Quantum 09:25 BIP 360 Explained 12:11 How Bitcoin Transitions to PQ 17:35 Choosing Post Quantum Signatures 23:20 How Blockstream Created SHRINCS 27:22 Signature Budgets Importance Explained 41:13 What are SHRIMPS? 44:51 SHRIMPS vs SHRINCS 47:48 Why SLH-DSA Alone Won’t Cut It 49:24 Is a SHRIMPS + SHRINCS BIP Coming? 51:51 Blockstream’s Big Plans for Liquid 59:04 Quantum Readiness Roadmap 01:02:22 Importance of a PQ Recovery Plan 01:05:35 How Long Would a PQ Migration Take 01:11:17 Quantum Watchlist Recommendations

BITCOIN RAILS #59: Post-Quantum Bitcoin Signatures (+ their tradeoffs) | with BIP 360 co-author Ethan ✨ is on BlueSky✨ Heilman 🐱 and Blockstream Head of Research Jonas Nick 🔗 YOUTUBE: 🌿 SPOTIFY: According to BIP 360 co-author Ethan Heilman, Bitcoin needs a minimum of two soft forks to become quantum resistant: P2MR (or an output type that can safely execute PQ signatures) + a post-quantum checksig (signature scheme). Ethan and the BIP 360 team (including myself and Hunter Beast 🕯️) introduced the P2MR part via a BIP 360 update late last year—but the question remains, what’s the most appropriate PQ signature scheme for Bitcoin? They all have substantive tradeoffs, but hash-based signatures seem to be leading technical discourse—likely due to recent optimizations by Jonas Nick and the broader Blockstream research team. It was an honor to sit down with both of these men - arguably the two most influential and productive cryptographers in Bitcoin quantum mitigation right now - for an in-depth review of the leading PQ signature schemes and a temperature check on Bitcoin’s post-quantum planning process. TBH, if you want to skip the noise and jump straight to the signal on quantum, this is the interview to watch. In this episode, we discuss: - What needs to happen at the soft fork, infra, and mitigation levels to fully quantum-harden Bitcoin - Recent updates to BIP 360 + breakdown of the leading hash-based signatures schemes for Bitcoin (SHRINCS + SHRIMPS) - Why we may actually get consensus around a stateful scheme for Bitcoin - Comparisons of hash-based signatures vs Lattice and Isogeny-based schemes - Assessing the risks of both waiting too long and acting too fast (and why quantum is a better threat to be facing than a potential classical attack) This episode of Bitcoin Rails is brought to you by my NEW sponsors: - LayerTwo Labs LayerTwo Labs — developing research, software, and technologies for scaling Bitcoin via the integration of Drivechains (BIP 300/301) - Hashi on Sui — a primitive for executing Bitcoin Defi transactions, without having to trust a federated bridge or other centralized entity - BitBox BitBox — an open-source Bitcoin-only hardware wallet, with smooth UX and no compromises on security. Check out Bitbox [dot] swiss and use code BITCOINRAILS to get a discount TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Intro 02:18 Ethan’s Quantum Wakeup 05:18 How Blockstream Enters Post Quantum 09:25 BIP 360 Explained 12:11 How Bitcoin Transitions to PQ 17:35 Choosing Post Quantum Signatures 23:20 How Blockstream Created SHRINCS 27:22 Signature Budgets Importance Explained 41:13 What are SHRIMPS? 44:51 SHRIMPS vs SHRINCS 47:48 Why SLH-DSA Alone Won’t Cut It 49:24 Is a SHRIMPS + SHRINCS BIP Coming? 51:51 Blockstream’s Big Plans for Liquid 59:04 Quantum Readiness Roadmap 01:02:22 Importance of a PQ Recovery Plan 01:05:35 How Long Would a PQ Migration Take 01:11:17 Quantum Watchlist Recommendations

Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️

23,783 Aufrufe • vor 1 Monat

Of course they got enough signatures for this ballot majority all the signatures that they have are false signatures

Of course they got enough signatures for this ballot majority all the signatures that they have are false signatures

jj smith

41,178 Aufrufe • vor 1 Monat

Could Simplicity enable Bitcoin ossification while leaving the door open for future innovations like post-quantum signatures? Adam Back explores.

Could Simplicity enable Bitcoin ossification while leaving the door open for future innovations like post-quantum signatures? Adam Back explores.

Blockstream

20,639 Aufrufe • vor 1 Jahr

Signature Gate… Both the State Auditor and the Legislative Audit found that Cox was short hundreds of valid signatures. They said he had extra valid signatures to backfill the missing signatures But no one can produce a list of these “extra signatures” - including the Lt Gov’s Office, State Auditor and Davis County Clerk Where are these “extra signatures”? #exposecorruption #electiontransparency #signaturegate #utpol

Signature Gate… Both the State Auditor and the Legislative Audit found that Cox was short hundreds of valid signatures. They said he had extra valid signatures to backfill the missing signatures But no one can produce a list of these “extra signatures” - including the Lt Gov’s Office, State Auditor and Davis County Clerk Where are these “extra signatures”? #exposecorruption #electiontransparency #signaturegate #utpol

Natalie Clawson

14,026 Aufrufe • vor 1 Jahr

BITCOIN RAILS #61: QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY FOR BITCOIN | with Dan Boneh Dan Boneh 🔗 YOUTUBE: 🌿 SPOTIFY: One of the most prolific and influential cryptographers in the world, it’s difficult to fully quantify the impact that Dan Boneh has had on Bitcoin and digital assets more broadly. Through both his own research and his mentorship of some of the space’s most important contributors — e.g. Andrew Poelstra, Benedikt Bünz ☕️, and Robin Linus — few people have done more to shape the cryptographic foundations underlying modern blockchains and digital finance. More recently, Dan co-authored Google's widely discussed paper, “Securing Elliptic Curve Cryptocurrencies against Quantum Vulnerabilities,” which reduced prior estimates of the resources required to run Shor’s algorithm against the elliptic-curve cryptography used by Bitcoin. The paper reignited debate around quantum computing timelines and the long-term security assumptions behind modern cryptocurrencies. In this episode of Bitcoin Rails, Dan and I discuss the current state of quantum computing, its potential implications for Bitcoin, and how he believes the Bitcoin community should think about preparing for a post-quantum future over the coming decade and beyond. And yes, Dan shares his take on the “when quantum” question in the interview, among other key perspectives. This episode of Bitcoin Rails is brought to you by my NEW sponsors: LayerTwo Labs LayerTwo Labs — developing research, software, and technologies for scaling Bitcoin via the integration of Drivechains (BIP 300/301) Hashi on Sui — a primitive for executing Bitcoin Defi transactions, without having to trust a federated bridge or other centralized entity BitBox BitBox — an open-source Bitcoin-only hardware wallet, with smooth UX and no compromises on security. Check out Bitbox [dot] swiss and use code BITCOINRAILS to get a discount TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 — Intro and Dan’s history with cryptography and Bitcoin 11:44 — Shor's algorithm: how a 1994 paper became cryptography's most important threat 16:39 — Building a quantum computer: superconducting qubits vs neutral atoms 25:37 — When should we start worrying about quantum computers? The timeline debate 31:51 — Have we already reached quantum computing's “ahá” moment? 39:09 — Inside the Google paper: how Shor's algorithm was optimized 49:57 — The Bitcoin mempool attack and the 10-minute window 59:21 — Mitigation: what should Bitcoin do to prepare for quantum? 1:11:54 — Hash-based vs lattice-based signatures: Dan's case for lattice 1:23:15 — ZK proofs, BIP361, and what to do with Satoshi's coins 1:31:52 — Encrypted mempools and MEV 1:38:29 — Why Bitcoin will survive quantum and Dan's message to Bitcoin builders

BITCOIN RAILS #61: QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY FOR BITCOIN | with Dan Boneh Dan Boneh 🔗 YOUTUBE: 🌿 SPOTIFY: One of the most prolific and influential cryptographers in the world, it’s difficult to fully quantify the impact that Dan Boneh has had on Bitcoin and digital assets more broadly. Through both his own research and his mentorship of some of the space’s most important contributors — e.g. Andrew Poelstra, Benedikt Bünz ☕️, and Robin Linus — few people have done more to shape the cryptographic foundations underlying modern blockchains and digital finance. More recently, Dan co-authored Google's widely discussed paper, “Securing Elliptic Curve Cryptocurrencies against Quantum Vulnerabilities,” which reduced prior estimates of the resources required to run Shor’s algorithm against the elliptic-curve cryptography used by Bitcoin. The paper reignited debate around quantum computing timelines and the long-term security assumptions behind modern cryptocurrencies. In this episode of Bitcoin Rails, Dan and I discuss the current state of quantum computing, its potential implications for Bitcoin, and how he believes the Bitcoin community should think about preparing for a post-quantum future over the coming decade and beyond. And yes, Dan shares his take on the “when quantum” question in the interview, among other key perspectives. This episode of Bitcoin Rails is brought to you by my NEW sponsors: LayerTwo Labs LayerTwo Labs — developing research, software, and technologies for scaling Bitcoin via the integration of Drivechains (BIP 300/301) Hashi on Sui — a primitive for executing Bitcoin Defi transactions, without having to trust a federated bridge or other centralized entity BitBox BitBox — an open-source Bitcoin-only hardware wallet, with smooth UX and no compromises on security. Check out Bitbox [dot] swiss and use code BITCOINRAILS to get a discount TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 — Intro and Dan’s history with cryptography and Bitcoin 11:44 — Shor's algorithm: how a 1994 paper became cryptography's most important threat 16:39 — Building a quantum computer: superconducting qubits vs neutral atoms 25:37 — When should we start worrying about quantum computers? The timeline debate 31:51 — Have we already reached quantum computing's “ahá” moment? 39:09 — Inside the Google paper: how Shor's algorithm was optimized 49:57 — The Bitcoin mempool attack and the 10-minute window 59:21 — Mitigation: what should Bitcoin do to prepare for quantum? 1:11:54 — Hash-based vs lattice-based signatures: Dan's case for lattice 1:23:15 — ZK proofs, BIP361, and what to do with Satoshi's coins 1:31:52 — Encrypted mempools and MEV 1:38:29 — Why Bitcoin will survive quantum and Dan's message to Bitcoin builders

Isabel Foxen Duke⚡️

111,919 Aufrufe • vor 1 Monat

Shelby Busch of We the People AZ Alliance exposes MASSIVE election/voter fraud in Arizona's 2020 and 2022 elections. 2020 Signature Failures: 420,987 failed signatures. Blank Envelopes: 1,800 invalid or fraudulent signatures. 2022 Signature Issues: 290,644 failed signatures. 2022 Tabulator Rejections: Machines rejected over 7,000 ballots every 30 minutes, leading to 217,000 insertions amid 248,000 votes cast. The county was also accepting fraudulent signatures and generating labels, illegally placing them over the original name and info on ballot envelopes, changing it to match the fraudulent signatures, which alters the ballot, concealing voter fraud.

Shelby Busch of We the People AZ Alliance exposes MASSIVE election/voter fraud in Arizona's 2020 and 2022 elections. 2020 Signature Failures: 420,987 failed signatures. Blank Envelopes: 1,800 invalid or fraudulent signatures. 2022 Signature Issues: 290,644 failed signatures. 2022 Tabulator Rejections: Machines rejected over 7,000 ballots every 30 minutes, leading to 217,000 insertions amid 248,000 votes cast. The county was also accepting fraudulent signatures and generating labels, illegally placing them over the original name and info on ballot envelopes, changing it to match the fraudulent signatures, which alters the ballot, concealing voter fraud.

The SCIF

15,109 Aufrufe • vor 3 Monaten

introducing: Image Sniper Automatically buys the token when a specific user posts or interacts with a specific image. Detects based off perpetual hash, allowing the detection for similar, modified, and resized versions of the image.

introducing: Image Sniper Automatically buys the token when a specific user posts or interacts with a specific image. Detects based off perpetual hash, allowing the detection for similar, modified, and resized versions of the image.

uxento

13,532 Aufrufe • vor 2 Monaten

Blockstream’s SHRINCS brings post-quantum cryptography to Bitcoin by enabling quantum-resistant signatures. It offers a path to protect BTC from future quantum attacks without requiring immediate changes to Bitcoin’s core protocol.

Blockstream’s SHRINCS brings post-quantum cryptography to Bitcoin by enabling quantum-resistant signatures. It offers a path to protect BTC from future quantum attacks without requiring immediate changes to Bitcoin’s core protocol.

Bitcoin News

13,484 Aufrufe • vor 10 Tagen

If at least 5 signatures are required to use the autopen, and none of those signature records exist, not one of those autopen signatures is valid. Where TF are the indictments?!?!

If at least 5 signatures are required to use the autopen, and none of those signature records exist, not one of those autopen signatures is valid. Where TF are the indictments?!?!

Krista Monroe

1,912,936 Aufrufe • vor 1 Jahr

For optimization, I don't want to simulate water in a steady state (e.g. this lake), but a flat water surface is boring. So I made the vertex shader add random periodic offsets based on vertex pos hash and it seems to do the trick 🥰 #indiedev #gamedev #indiegames

For optimization, I don't want to simulate water in a steady state (e.g. this lake), but a flat water surface is boring. So I made the vertex shader add random periodic offsets based on vertex pos hash and it seems to do the trick 🥰 #indiedev #gamedev #indiegames

Nikita Lisitsa

19,194 Aufrufe • vor 4 Monaten

Sen. Akpoti-Uduaghan's Recall: Verification Process Would Have Begun if Petitioners' Signatures Reached Threshold - Eta-Messi INEC cannot rely on information from social media. The law clearly outlines the processes required for a recall to be valid. The first step we took was to verify whether the signatures met the threshold, regardless of whether they were forged or genuine. At that stage, we realised the signatures fell short of the stipulated threshold. Had they met the threshold, we would have proceeded to the next step of verification. Victoria Eta-Messi, INEC Director of Voter Education and Publicity

Sen. Akpoti-Uduaghan's Recall: Verification Process Would Have Begun if Petitioners' Signatures Reached Threshold - Eta-Messi INEC cannot rely on information from social media. The law clearly outlines the processes required for a recall to be valid. The first step we took was to verify whether the signatures met the threshold, regardless of whether they were forged or genuine. At that stage, we realised the signatures fell short of the stipulated threshold. Had they met the threshold, we would have proceeded to the next step of verification. Victoria Eta-Messi, INEC Director of Voter Education and Publicity

ARISE NEWS

51,598 Aufrufe • vor 1 Jahr

L.A. mail-in ballot signature verification is done by a machine that can be altered to let mismatched signatures pass, just like in the Arizona 2020 election, when election workers testified that they were told to ignore the flashing warnings on computers alerting that the signatures on ballots did NOT match. The homeless in L.A. stated that they were using other people's names, and addresses, and filling out 3 to 5 fraudulent ballots a day, and ballot mules would come at least 3x a week to pay them to fill out ballots. The signatures obviously didn't match because the homeless were using other people's information. Turning down the accuracy for signature verification is EXACTLY how they pass the fake signatures through the machines, if they really even check signatures on the fraudulent ballots at all.

L.A. mail-in ballot signature verification is done by a machine that can be altered to let mismatched signatures pass, just like in the Arizona 2020 election, when election workers testified that they were told to ignore the flashing warnings on computers alerting that the signatures on ballots did NOT match. The homeless in L.A. stated that they were using other people's names, and addresses, and filling out 3 to 5 fraudulent ballots a day, and ballot mules would come at least 3x a week to pay them to fill out ballots. The signatures obviously didn't match because the homeless were using other people's information. Turning down the accuracy for signature verification is EXACTLY how they pass the fake signatures through the machines, if they really even check signatures on the fraudulent ballots at all.

The SCIF

47,565 Aufrufe • vor 7 Tagen

Karl: Was there an imminent threat posed by those people that were clinging to the wreckage of a boat that had already been struck? Noem: That entire story is based on anonymous sources. We see the press and we see that rag use anonymous sources to print things that aren't true, that are lies, not based in reality.

Karl: Was there an imminent threat posed by those people that were clinging to the wreckage of a boat that had already been struck? Noem: That entire story is based on anonymous sources. We see the press and we see that rag use anonymous sources to print things that aren't true, that are lies, not based in reality.

Acyn

149,085 Aufrufe • vor 6 Monaten

“Based on the cyclical nature of bitcoin.” 📺

“Based on the cyclical nature of bitcoin.” 📺

Into The Cryptoverse

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Was Trump DUPED by Israel into attacking Iran? Lara Trump tells me that's ridiculous: "The ONLY person who makes decisions for Donald Trump is Donald Trump...based on the intelligence, based on his assessment of things, based on the fact that he wants to put America first."

Was Trump DUPED by Israel into attacking Iran? Lara Trump tells me that's ridiculous: "The ONLY person who makes decisions for Donald Trump is Donald Trump...based on the intelligence, based on his assessment of things, based on the fact that he wants to put America first."

Glenn Beck

122,838 Aufrufe • vor 3 Monaten