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Your DNA is like a computer program according to Blaise Agüera (@blaiseaguera.bsky.social). Von Neumann figured this out before scientists even discovered how DNA works -- that for anything to make a copy of itself, it needs: * Instructions (the code/DNA) * A machine to read those instructions (ribosomes) *...

15,815 次观看 • 1 年前 •via X (Twitter)

12 条评论

Machine Learning Street Talk 的头像
Machine Learning Street Talk1 年前

Can purpose emerge from "pure randomness"? Blaise started with completely random code i.e. no intelligence, "no design" (other than the instantiation and language). Just by having random programs interact with each other millions of times, self-replicating programs "spontaneously emerge". This is potentially significant; because it shows how life could have arisen from chemistry i.e. purpose materialises when you have the right conditions.

Machine Learning Street Talk 的头像
Machine Learning Street Talk1 年前

Cooperation requires consciousness. Consciousness might exist because we need to cooperate with others. To work together, you need to: * Model what's in someone else's head (theory of mind) * Model what's in your own head (self-awareness) Blaise says this creates a "strange loop i.e. you need consciousness to predict other conscious beings, which means consciousness is "fundamentally social".

Machine Learning Street Talk 的头像
Machine Learning Street Talk1 年前

The "self" is more fluid than we think. Blaise goes against the notion that there's one unified "you" Pointing to - * Those who can have two separate consciousnesses [choice blindness experiments] where people confidently justify choices they never made. * How we're really collections of competing processes with an "inner lawyer" narrating it all

Machine Learning Street Talk 的头像
Machine Learning Street Talk1 年前

Evolution works more like software merging than random bugs. The standard story: evolution = random mutations + natural selection. Blaise says that merging (combining two existing things) creates complexity way faster than mutation. Examples: * Complex cells (eukaryotes) came from bacteria merging * Your placenta came from a virus that merged into our genome * Technology evolves the same way (lightbulb = glass + filament + vacuum) He argues that means technology is geared towards increasingly complexity through combination, more so than natural evolution.

Machine Learning Street Talk 的头像
Machine Learning Street Talk1 年前

Highly recommend checking out his (BRILLIANT) book Or free online / rich media version:

@Nick_Haflinger 的头像
@Nick_Haflinger1 年前

@blaiseaguera Just another one of those DNA-centered misconceptions. DNA is a collection of switches and blueprints for amino acid sequences, nothing more.

Gargantua 的头像
Gargantua1 年前

@Plinz @blaiseaguera Read "The Selfish Gene" by Richard Dawkins.

Machine Learning Street Talk 的头像
Machine Learning Street Talk1 年前

@Plinz @blaiseaguera lol, good one 😃

Recursifist 的头像
Recursifist1 年前

@blaiseaguera Blaise's dismissive view on Superintelligence risk does not seem logically consistent with his other views. He's essentially suggesting humanity as a whole is a superintelligence and therefore ASI is not a risk.

Henning 的头像
Henning1 年前

@blaiseaguera He’s mistaking metaphor for science. Cells don’t compute, they react. Chemistry, not code, builds life. Biology isn’t software running on hardware — it’s hardware rewriting itself through chemistry and history. Evolution didn’t engineer life. It’s not math. It’s matter.

Mark Heyer 的头像
Mark Heyer1 年前

Yes, but biological computation takes place in hundreds of multi-dimensional information substrates. Binary computers are the most primitive and least efficient form of computation possible. Von Neumann, Turing, etc. were obsessed with making programmable calculators and completely missed the big picture.

Algomash 的头像
Algomash1 年前

@blaiseaguera This perspective on biological systems as computational lays a foundation for silicon-based systems to potentially achieve consciousness, blurring the line between life and code.

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We've been told since childhood that evolution can explain everything in Life. But here is something that evolution cannot explain - something which only makes sense if it was designed: DNA folding. One strand of DNA is ~2m or 6.5ft long. That 2 meter strand is folded tightly into a precise package smaller than the tiniest speck of dust. And it's not folded randomly. It is folded with purpose. Because how DNA is folded determines which instructions are read. And the instructions that are read determine which program runs. And which program runs determines which type of cell will develop. Because not every cell needs all the instructions. Skin cells only need skin cell instructions. The rest is unnecessary. So the DNA for skin cells is folded so that only the skin cell instructions are accessible by the protein nanomachines that build the cells. The DNA fold is actually a precise 3D map that decides which genes turn on at precise moments of development. Without this precise map, a complex multicell organism could not develop properly. It would be utter chaos and death. Imagine trying to build a massive skyscraper where all the plans for every system - foundation, support structures, floor designs, room layouts, electrical, plumbing, air, windows, etc. - were all mixed together on one page. It would be impossible to read. But if you separate out each different system onto its own page, then it becomes possible to distinguish them and plan the construction. There is no evolutionary mechanism that can explain how the DNA code for new cells originated at the same time as the DNA folding capability to guide those different cell types during development. Without the folding, development is impossible. Without development, evolution is impossible. DNA programs and folding must exist together, from the start. This is an example of foresight and planning. Something only intelligence does. DNA folding is proof that Life was Divinely Designed.

Divinely Designed

23,735 次观看 • 13 天前

Have you ever seen how DNA is organized? It's astounding. A single strand of your DNA, when stretched out, is ~2 meters, or ~6.5 feet long. If you stretched out all the DNA in your body end to end, it could cross the entire solar system, from the sun to Pluto, 17 times. You could wrap all your DNA around the Earth like a rubber band ball almost 2 million times. The storage capacity of DNA is so high that all the world’s digital data (estimated around 175 zettabytes by 2025) could theoretically be stored in just 178lbs of DNA. Imagine, one single server that could handle the entire world's annual data needs. And yet, all of this fits inside the nucleus of a cell, invisible to the naked eye. How is that even possible? To prevent DNA from becoming an tangled mess, unusable for anything, it is organized and packed very specifically. If not for this organization, DNA would be completely unusable for any of Life's processes. It would clump together, unable to be pulled apart to be read by the many interacting molecular systems. To start, smaller segments of DNA are coiled tightly around a special protein called a Histone, whose sole job is to keep DNA organized. This coiled product is called a Nucleosome, which are then further coiled and packed together into long fibers call Chromatin. Chromatin then is further coiled into larger structures called Chromosomes. This organization is not only incredibly efficient, but it also provides functionality to the DNA itself. Chromosome and Chromatin architecture actually effects how DNA functions and communicates with the different systems in the cell, and the number of chromosomes is important to overall function of the DNA in an organism. Without this specific organization, Life could not exist. What does this mean? This means DNA could not have evolved and functioned without simultaneous organization. And DNA can't be organized without the proteins and systems that hold it all together. On top of that, the fact that how DNA is organized affects its function is a clear sign of foresight and planning - all clear signs of intelligent design. The more we learn about molecular biology, the more obvious it is that this was all Created intelligently.

Divinely Designed

78,817 次观看 • 9 个月前

Evolution says you can turn anything into anything if you tweak it long enough. But that house of cards collapses immediately when you realize what it takes to make even a single cell. They say new cell types arise one mutation at a time. Is that plausible? Here is the issue: Different cell types are created through a massive coordinated stack of genetic information, and it's not all just about DNA sequences. First you need a whole suite of new genetic systems related to the cell: new genes for the cell’s internal systems, instructions for its specific functional role in the body, the regulators that coordinate everything, markers to tell them where to go and when, and the controls that keep the wrong programs off. But the DNA structure itself must also be manipulated. You see, every cell in your body contains the DNA instructions to make any other cell. So how does a bone cell become a bone cell instead of a skin cell? Because of how the DNA is folded. DNA is folded in certain ways for different cell types, so that only the "bone cell instructions" are able to be read by the "cell construction program." The DNA fold decides which programs are open for each cell type. This is critical. If DNA is not folded properly so that specific cell-type information can be read, catastrophe ensues. Then you need placement blueprints, so the cells form in the right place, in the right number, and lock together to form a functional tissue. These developmental instructions are passed from parent to offspring - but research shows that tweaking these master developmental programs ends badly for the child. One mutation at a time cannot invent that entire programming stack and keep it coordinated. Research has confirmed this. To convert one cell type into another in the lab, researchers have to force many changes to happen at the same time in coordination. And even when directed by the researcher, cell conversion almost always fails. Change the sequence without the fold and you cannot get a new cell type. Fold the DNA without the new systems and you can only rearrange old programs. Make the cell without the map and it shows up in the wrong place. Break one layer in the stack and the others do not patiently wait - they fail. So creating a new cell type is not simply "tweak a gene one at a time." It requires a coordinated stack of entirely new programmed instructions: > New suite of internal systems, programmed into the DNA > New functional DNA fold so only the right systems are activated > New mapping blueprints so everything goes where it's needed Step-by-step mutation does not coordinate those layers. It produces broken cells before it produces new ones. Coordination of this level of complexity has only ever been known to come from one place: Intelligence.

Divinely Designed

23,703 次观看 • 2 个月前

This is how DNA turns coded information into functional proteins - the building blocks of the nanomachines that keep the cells in your body alive. This complex process highlights the sophisticated interconnected systems of Life which must all exist together from the beginning, or Life doesn't happen. First, an RNA molecule is copied from a short segment of DNA. Without the specifically ordered DNA information, RNA cannot form, proteins cannot be built, cells stop working, and life ceases to exist. Life is information first. Once the RNA Molecule is created, it gets ejected from the Polymerase where it was built, and it travels through a complex molecular machine called a Nuclear Pore Complex (NPC), which is an information recognition device that controls the flow of information in and out of a cell's nucleus. The NPC is highly complex - composed of about 500-1,000 protein subunits, derived from a set of about 35 distinct proteins. Without this molecular machine, there is no regulation for what goes in and out of the cell's nucleus, which would lead to catastrophic death for the cell. It must exist for cells to exist. Once the RNA Molecule passes through the NPC, it travels to the Ribosome, a 2-part chemical factory which reads the information on RNA and uses it to construct functional proteins using a specifically sequenced chain of amino acids. Once complete, this protein will then be sent to the section of the cell it belongs to integrate into another molecular machine and do its job. The Ribosome is another highly complex molecular machine - consisting of between 56-80 proteins. Without this molecular machines, proteins cannot be built. Proteins are the building blocks of every cell in every organism on Earth. Without Ribosomes, Life doesn't exist. If you're paying attention, you'll start to realize that Life relies on a highly sophisticated interdependent network of complex machines, which all rely on each other for the function of the system. DNA requires the cell for stability, but the cell requires the proteins for its structure and function, but those proteins require DNA and RNA to be built - it's a circle of necessary interdependence. Systems like this cannot be built by evolutionary processes, which requires that each piece of the process is built by gradual incremental means over lots of time. Without all the pieces there, from the beginning, none of it works. There is only one known source of complex & interdependent informational systems like those we find in life: and that is from Intelligence. Molecular Biology is the best and most obvious evidence of the Intelligent Design in Life.

Divinely Designed

62,743 次观看 • 10 个月前

Proof that Life is Intelligently Designed: Proteins. They do everything in your cells that keeps you alive. These microscopic molecules must have been created. Here is why: Proteins are the building blocks of all the little nano-machines that make up your cells. They do all the major work in your body - from creating energy to recycling waste. Proteins are made from amino acids connected into a specific sequence and then folded into a functional shape. You can think of a protein like a paragraph, and amino acids as the individual letters that spell out the words. Here is where it gets interesting... There are just 20 amino acids used in all of Life. Just 20 amino acids. Responsible for ~200 million unique proteins making up tens of thousands of cell types across Life. And scientists are constantly finding new ones. Scientists categorize proteins into Families. Protein Families are groups of proteins that share amino acid sequence similarities. There are ~22,000 Protein Families. Here's the part that screams they are designed... Protein Families have no evolutionary history. Even evolutionist scientists agree - they are absolutely unique. It's been said that proteins are like stars in a galaxy, and families are like galaxies, with vast empty space between them. Evolution is supposed to build by tweaking things that already exist. But no evolutionary history connects fundamentally distinct protein families. Experiments have been done to intentionally evolve one protein family into another. They fail every time. One protein family cannot be evolved into another. They cannot arise through evolution. But the math really makes it impossible... The odds of evolution finding even a single functional protein family is 1 chance in 10^77 possible amino acid sequences. That's a 1 with 77 zeroes. The odds of evolution finding 22,000 distinct protein families? Roughly 1 chance in 10^1,694,000. You don't need to be a mathematician to understand that this is impossible. Evolution works by random mutations tweaking what's already there. But protein families can't evolve from one another. And the math makes it absolutely absurd to believe. Monkeys banging on keyboards will never type out Shakespeare. And random mutations in sequences of amino acids could never create a single functional protein family. There is only one thing we know of that creates functionally specified sequences: Intelligence. Now here is the final cherry on top: Proteins are built by other proteins, assembled into a complex machine to do a job in cells. The assembly instructions for those proteins and the machines are found in DNA. But DNA requires protein machines for replication & repair. So DNA is required to make Proteins... ...but Proteins are required to make DNA *and* more Proteins. You can't have one without the other. They rely on each other. Which means one couldn't have evolved and then waited for the other. They couldn't do anything without each other. They had to be created at the same time to function together. Life was Divinely Designed. Proteins prove it.

Divinely Designed

18,886 次观看 • 4 个月前