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๐—›๐˜†๐—ฑ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—ด๐—ฒ๐—ป ๐—ฐ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐˜€ ๐—ธ๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐—ฝ ๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—บ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด ๐—ฏ๐—ฎ๐—ฐ๐—ธ ๐—ถ๐—ป๐˜๐—ผ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ๐—ฏ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ฒ. For years, most of the focus has been on battery EVs. But recently I came across something interesting: NamXโ€™s hydrogen SUV, developed with Pininfarina. Instead of relying on lithium batteries, the vehicle uses removable hydrogen capsules. A few things stand out:...

16,225 views โ€ข 4 months ago โ€ขvia X (Twitter)

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๐Ÿšจ BMW HAS SOLVED ONE OF HYDROGENโ€™S BIGGEST PACKAGING PROBLEMS. The company has developed a new โ€œHydrogen Flat Storageโ€ system for the iX5 that uses seven slim hydrogen tanks instead of two large ones. This flat design fits into the same space as the high-voltage battery pack used in the electric iX5. This is significant because it allows BMW to build the hydrogen-powered iX5 on the same production line as petrol, diesel, plug-in hybrid, and fully electric versions without major changes to the factory or vehicle architecture. The system stores 7kg of hydrogen at 700 bar and gives the iX5 an estimated range of 385 miles. BMW plans to start series production of the iX5 Hydrogen in 2028, using a fuel cell developed in partnership with Toyota. Why this matters: โ€ข One of the biggest barriers to hydrogen vehicles has been packaging the tanks without sacrificing interior space or requiring completely separate production lines โ€ข This modular โ€œflat storageโ€ approach makes hydrogen powertrains much more practical to manufacture at scale โ€ข It gives BMW flexibility to produce multiple powertrains on one platform depending on demand and regional infrastructure The deeper implication: While battery electric vehicles currently dominate, BMW is continuing to develop hydrogen as a parallel technology, particularly for larger vehicles and longer-range applications. Being able to build both BEVs and FCEVs on the same line is a pragmatic engineering step that could make hydrogen vehicles more commercially viable in the future if the refuelling infrastructure catches up. Follow for more frontier automotive and energy technology.

TheNewPhysics

2,071,461 views โ€ข 1 month ago

๐Ÿšจ A HYDROGEN FUEL CELL SUBMARINE DRONE JUST ACHIEVED WHAT BATTERY-POWERED AUVs HAVE FAILED AT FOR 15 YEARS LONG ENDURANCE, DEEP DEPTH, AND ACOUSTIC STEALTH ALL AT ONCE. The Envoy AUV from Cellula Robotics completed a fully submerged mission covering 2,023 km over 385 hours. Crucially, it did this with a realistic, punishing profile: more than 4,000 turns and maneuvers, not a simple straight-line test. It also operates at depths up to 3,000 meters and produces almost no acoustic signature. Powered by proton exchange membrane (PEM) hydrogen fuel cells, the only byproduct is water. This breaks the long-standing trade-off in autonomous underwater vehicle design where improving one capability (range, depth, or stealth) usually destroys the others. Why this matters: โ€ข Battery AUVs have been fundamentally limited by energy density adding more batteries increases weight and drag, which cancels out the gains โ€ข Hydrogen fuel cells deliver more than twice the energy density of lithium-ion batteries while enabling true long-endurance missions without frequent surfacing โ€ข The vehicle can loiter on the seabed using a suction anchor for days or weeks, dramatically changing operational concepts for pipeline inspection, cable monitoring, and naval surveillance โ€ข It is already in the hands of Defence Research and Development Canada The deeper implication: This is more than just an impressive endurance record. It represents a genuine shift in what is possible for persistent, covert subsea operations. For navies and offshore industries that have spent years compromising between mission duration, depth capability, and detectability, hydrogen fuel cells are now offering a practical way to stop making those trade-offs. As these systems mature and scale, we could see a new generation of autonomous underwater platforms that operate for weeks or months with minimal support fundamentally changing how we monitor critical infrastructure, conduct scientific surveys, and maintain undersea awareness. How do you think hydrogen-powered AUVs will change subsea operations compared to todayโ€™s battery-limited systems? Follow for more frontier robotics, energy, and defense technology.

TheNewPhysics

110,556 views โ€ข 27 days ago

๐Ÿšจ CATL SAYS LITHIUM-AIR BATTERIES COULD ONE DAY DELIVER 1600+ KM RANGE WITH ENERGY DENSITY APPROACHING PETROL. The worldโ€™s largest battery maker is pushing a radical โ€œbreathingโ€ battery technology that replaces heavy nickel, cobalt and manganese with lithium metal and oxygen pulled directly from the air. In early lab tests, researchers have already achieved around 1,200 Wh/kg more than four times todayโ€™s best lithium-ion cells. With further development, CATL believes the technology could theoretically reach ~12,000 Wh/kg, close to the energy density of petrol itself. Why this matters: โ€ข It could slash battery weight and cost dramatically โ€ข Small EVs might achieve 1,600+ km of real-world range โ€ข It removes dependence on scarce metals like nickel and cobalt โ€ข A 1,000-cycle prototype with 1,600 km range would theoretically last 1.6 million kilometres The deeper implication: Lithium-air represents one of the few battery chemistries that could genuinely match or exceed the convenience of petrol without massive compromises. If the enormous technical hurdles (moisture sensitivity, cycle life, and oxygen management) can be solved, it wouldnโ€™t just improve EVs it could fundamentally change whatโ€™s possible for electric aviation, long-haul transport, and portable power. Weโ€™re still very early. Current prototypes are far from commercial, and most experts expect mass production only after 2030 at the earliest. But the fact that the company producing over half the worldโ€™s high-voltage batteries is seriously pursuing this shows how transformative the payoff could be. Would you rather see solid-state batteries win the next decade, or do you think lithium-air could leapfrog them entirely? Follow for more frontier battery technology and energy breakthroughs.

TheNewPhysics

17,944 views โ€ข 1 month ago

As I sit here in DC this week, we are closer to something I was not sure I would ever see. I have been working in this industry since 2015. For most of those years, the defining feature of crypto in Washington was not policy. It was the absence of it. A gray zone where serious people built serious things under a constant cloud, never quite sure which rules applied or whether the ground would move beneath them. This week the CLARITY Act sits on the Senate calendar. A federal framework for digital asset market structure, the thing this industry has wanted for the better part of a decade, is closer than it has ever been. It is not law yet, and there are real hurdles left. But the distance between where we stood a few years ago and where we are sitting today is hard to put into words. I keep thinking about the work that got us here. Over the past year I watched Chainlink move from outside these conversations to inside them. Sergey at the White House for the signing of the GENIUS Act. The Department of Commerce putting government economic data onchain. Meetings with the SEC that became real interpretive guidance. Conversations with the lawmakers now writing the rules. None of that happens by accident. It happens because people keep showing up, year after year, and make the case in rooms where it is not yet obvious. And there is something fitting in it. The entire premise of what we build is verification. Making truth provable. Removing the question of what is real. The work here in DC is the same thing in a different form. Trading a decade of ambiguity for something the industry has never actually had. We are not at the finish line. But sitting here, it is hard not to feel the weight of it. The gray zone is ending. What comes next is something this industry has never had. Clarity.

Chris Barrett

14,798 views โ€ข 1 month ago

Astronomers just watched a star explode - and saw its insides exposed. For the first time in history, scientists got a direct look inside a star at the moment it went supernova - revealing inner layers that had, until now, only existed in theory. A massive star 2.2 billion light-years away reached the end of its life and exploded in a brilliant burst of light. But something was off. When researchers analyzed the spectrum of light from the explosion, they didn't see the usual lighter elements like hydrogen, helium, or oxygen. Instead, they saw silicon. Sulphur. Argon. Elements normally buried deep inside a star's core. This wasn't supposed to be possible. According to stellar models, massive stars - those at least eight times the mass of our Sun - are layered like onions. Their cores are packed with heavy elements like iron, while progressive lighter layers of silicon, oxygen, and carbon sit above. Hydrogen and helium form the outermost shells. These outer layers usually obscure everything underneath. Astronomers believe the star violently ejected its outer layers in the final stages of life โ€“ not just the hydrogen and helium, but even the middle shells that hide the deeper interior. Itโ€™s possible that extreme instability in stars more than 100 times the mass of our Sun could cause this kind of shedding. While similar โ€œpre-explosion outburstsโ€ have been seen in other stars, this is the first time theyโ€™ve exposed the inner structure so clearly. The supernova was first detected by the Zwicky Transient Facility in California. Within 24 hours, astronomers triggered rapid follow-up observations with Hawaiiโ€™s Keck Observatory and captured the light signature before the explosion faded. That speed was critical. Supernovae evolve quickly, sometimes over just a few hours, and once the starโ€™s material expands and cools, the deeper layers disappear from view. Read the study: Schulze, Steve, et al. โ€œExtremely Stripped Supernova Reveals a Silicon and Sulfur Formation Site.โ€ Nature Credit: Keck Observatory/Adam Makarenko

Black Hole

26,579 views โ€ข 11 months ago

The past year has seen me have a renaissance, in the truest senseโ€ฆ I wonโ€™t go into details now but will at some point before long. What has brought so much happiness to my life and those around me this past year has been my falling back in love with sport. Cycling has, and always will be, my number one. Yet Iโ€™d forgotten that I simply love sport, not for results but for the sheer joy of doing it, Iโ€™d completely forgotten that the health of my mind is intrinsically connected to the health of my body. Iโ€™ve rediscovered the love I had for sport that existed before the world of professional cycling took over in the way it did. Iโ€™ve been pushing myself and trying new things this past year, indifferent to the results, just out having fun and at times going deeper than I thought I was capable of anymore. Last week I got on a TT bike for the first time in a decade, Factor Bikes built me a bike, Iโ€™ve been looking at it for two years and decided it was time to get fitted, getting back on it felt like going home. Anyway, the long and the short of this is that itโ€™s inspired me to create a club to inspire and be inspired. A community for us to share our love for getting out there and doing it, because Iโ€™ve realized that although I spend most of my sporting life on my own I derive the most pleasure when feeling part of something. Itโ€™s in its early days, Iโ€™ve called it Sporting Club CHPT3 aka SCC3, Iโ€™d love you to check it out and join. Itโ€™s still in its infancy, but I hope itโ€™s going to grow into something that will inspire you as much as me.

David Millar

111,669 views โ€ข 2 years ago

This is cavitation inside a piston diaphragm pump. Most engineers spend their entire careers hearing this destructive phenomenon. Almost none ever get to see it with their own eyes. When pressure drops below a critical threshold, liquid instantly flashes into vapor, creating thousands of microscopic bubbles throughout the system. It happens in milliseconds, invisible to the naked eye in standard metal pumps. But when pressure rises again, those bubbles don't just disappear quietly. They collapse violently, sending shockwaves rippling through the metal components. The result is catastrophic. Valves get destroyed. Seals get shredded. Pump chambers get hollowed out from the inside, one microscopic implosion at a time. Cavitation is one of the most destructive forces in industrial fluid systems, responsible for equipment failures that cost thousands of dollars per incident. Engineers have studied it for decades through sensors, pressure readings, and the telltale sounds it makes. But they've never been able to watch it happen in real time. Until now. The clear plexiglass head on this LEWA pump changes everything. For the first time, pump engineers can observe cavitation as it occurs, watching the bubble formation and violent collapse that destroys their equipment. It's like finally seeing the invisible enemy that's been wreaking havoc on industrial systems. This is what happens when engineering innovation meets visualization technology. Sometimes the most powerful breakthroughs come from simply making the invisible visible.

Mechanical Knowledge

521,834 views โ€ข 28 days ago

More Batteries vs. Submarines Now that the German TKMS and the French Naval Group have massively adopted lithium-ion batteries, following the Japanese lead, this is consolidating as a major trend, just as I had predicted. The next stage will be solid-state batteries, and at that point, we'll essentially be discussing only speed and submerged endurance in comparison to nuclear submarines. Since solid-state batteries are lighter, they will allow for a greater number to be installed, freeing up space for more powerful propulsion systems. Naval Group has already sold a version of the Scorpรจne to Indonesia capable of remaining submerged for up to 80 days. That's with lithium-ion batteries. Imagine what this could exceed, more than double, with solid-state batteries. In practical terms, a more powerful engine combined with solid-state batteries in the proportions that Naval Group is now using in the Scorpรจne would provide three times the speed, meaning something like 10โ€“15 knots at constant speed while maintaining around 50 days submerged. This would give a range of 40,000โ€“50,000 km, requiring less than one hour on the surface for a fast recharge. For speeds above 25 knots, simply adding more batteries and a better engine would suffice, as the solid-state system has high power output. All this at 15โ€“20% of the cost of a nuclear submarine. And if the choice is to power the batteries with a micro-reactor, it would cost 25โ€“35% of a conventional nuclear one. Then someone will say: โ€œBut a nuclear sub can stay submerged for years.โ€ That makes no difference at all, since even with around 60 days of endurance, the crew still needs to surface to resupply provisions. The big advantages remain: battery-powered subs are superior in silence, and speed can be addressed with larger battery packs.

Patricia Marins

103,224 views โ€ข 7 months ago

When a spacecraft leaves Earth, it doesnโ€™t just fire its engines and head straight to its destination. In many missions, especially those going beyond low Earth orbit, thereโ€™s a more subtle and elegant strategy at play, one that uses gravity itself as part of the navigation system. This is often called a gravity assist, or a slingshot maneuver. But in the case of missions like #Artemis II, whatโ€™s being used is a closely related idea known as a free-return trajectory. At first glance, it might sound simple: the spacecraft goes to the Moon, loops around it, and comes back. But the physics behind it is anything but simple. Instead of relying on continuous propulsion, the spacecraft follows a carefully calculated path through the gravitational field of the Earthโ€“Moon system. It is launched with just the right speed and direction so that, as it approaches the Moon, the Moonโ€™s gravity bends its trajectory. The spacecraft is effectively flung around the Moon, redirected onto a path that naturally brings it back toward Earth. No major engine burn is needed for the return. Small trajectory corrections may still be required, but gravity does the heavy lifting. Thatโ€™s the key. This kind of trajectory is not just efficient, itโ€™s also safe. If something goes wrong with the spacecraftโ€™s engines or onboard systems, gravity itself ensures the return. Itโ€™s an inherent backup plan, built into the trajectory from the very beginning. The same fundamental idea appears in gravity assists used across the Solar System. When a spacecraft flies past a planet, it can gain or lose speed by exchanging momentum with that planet. From the spacecraftโ€™s point of view, itโ€™s as if it has been accelerated without using fuel. In reality, it has borrowed a tiny amount of orbital energy from the planet itself. Thatโ€™s how missions like Voyager reached the outer planets, and how probes continue to explore regions far beyond what their onboard fuel alone would allow. But thereโ€™s an important distinction. An interplanetary gravity assist is typically used to change speed and direction, often increasing the spacecraftโ€™s energy. A free-return trajectory, like the one used in Artemis II, is designed for something more specific: a path that naturally loops back to Earth without requiring additional propulsion. Itโ€™s less about gaining energy, and more about shaping a trajectory that guarantees a return. To understand why this works, it helps to stop thinking in straight lines. In space, motion follows curves defined by gravity. The spacecraft is constantly falling, first toward Earth, then toward the Moon, and then back toward Earth again. What looks like a loop is really a continuous free fall through a changing gravitational landscape. This way of navigating space reveals something deeper. We tend to think of engines as the drivers of motion, but once a spacecraft is on its way, gravity does most of the work. The art of spaceflight is not just about thrust. Itโ€™s about knowing when not to use it. #GoodLuck #Artemis NASA Artemis

Erika ๎จ€

234,886 views โ€ข 3 months ago

๐Ÿšจ RESEARCHERS JUST MADE WATER-BASED BATTERIES LAST OVER 2,800 HOURS WITH RECORD CAPACITY. A team in South Korea has developed a simple zwitterionic electrolyte additive that dramatically improves the performance of aqueous (water-based) batteries a technology long seen as a safer, cheaper, and more environmentally friendly alternative to lithium-ion. The additive forms tiny nanostructures that guide zinc to deposit evenly on the electrode and create a protective layer that prevents corrosion and unwanted side reactions with water. This solves two of the biggest problems that have limited aqueous batteries: uneven metal buildup and rapid capacity fade. In testing, the modified batteries achieved a world-leading areal capacity of 8.10 mAh cmโปยฒ and ran stably for more than 2,800 hours. Why this matters: โ€ข Aqueous batteries are non-flammable and use abundant, low-cost materials, but have historically suffered from poor lifespan and performance โ€ข This approach improves both cycle life and capacity at the same time โ€” something many previous solutions struggled to achieve together โ€ข It uses a simple additive rather than requiring expensive new materials or complex manufacturing changes โ€ข The technology is particularly relevant for large-scale energy storage needed for renewables and AI data centers The deeper implication: Weโ€™re getting closer to making safe, scalable, and affordable grid storage a reality. While lithium-ion still dominates, aqueous batteries could become a strong contender for stationary storage where safety, cost, and longevity matter more than energy density. A small molecular tweak unlocking major performance gains shows how materials engineering at the nanoscale can have outsized real-world impact. This is the kind of incremental but meaningful progress that compounds over time. How important do you think safer, water-based batteries will be for the future energy grid compared to improving lithium-ion or other alternatives? Follow for more frontier energy storage and battery materials research.

TheNewPhysics

22,736 views โ€ข 1 month ago

This Kharjit caveman, known as Commander Shinia, is saying in the local language: "Kill Pakistanโ€™s army and police." Worse, he claims that Allah Himself ordered this killing. People with this kind of thinking and ideology have caused severe damage to Islam and Pakistan. He acts as someoneโ€™s facilitator, yet still uses the name of Islam. Itโ€™s very possible he works for a foreign intelligence agency, because no Pakistani or Muslim could even think of doing what this long-haired commander is calling for, let alone act on it. Our only request is this: He is a local resident of Thor and for years has been sitting comfortably, issuing such announcements and fatwas with his group. This gang has martyred many travelers, Pakistan Army soldiers, and police officers. Sometimes they call themselves Taliban, sometimes Al-Qaeda, sometimes Fitnat-ul-Khawarij, sometimes just โ€œcommanders.โ€ Their names and organizations keep changing, but the place and the people stay the same. Itโ€™s a strange story. Weโ€™ll just say this: Because of them, Diamerโ€™s education, progress, peace, and stability have been destroyed. The areaโ€™s reputation is ruined, and largely because of them, Diamer suffers the highest poverty and unemployment. The time has come to eliminate them completely, in every sense. Whatever sacrifice is needed, the people of Diamer must make it and must cooperate with the government in every way. The government should also realize that these groups must be fully wiped out from Diamer to gain the trust of people. The tourism and business season has already started. By releasing videos like this, they create fear inside and outside Pakistan, blocking trade, tourism, and development. By spreading terrorism and panic on the Karakoram Highway, they want to inflict heavy damage on the nation and the country.

War Analyst

15,445 views โ€ข 2 months ago

๐Ÿšจ MERCEDES JUST PUT A MOTOR ONLY 8 CM THICK INTO A CAR THAT CAN HIT 62 MPH IN 2.1 SECONDS. Instead of conventional radial flux motors, Mercedes is betting big on axial flux technology. In these motors, the electromagnetic force flows parallel to the axle, allowing two magnetic rotors to sandwich a central stator in a flat, disc-like layout. The result is dramatically smaller and more powerful. The front motor in the new all-electric Mercedes-AMG GT 4-door Coupe is just 9 cm wide. The rear motors are even thinner at roughly 8 cm each. Despite their tiny size, they help launch the heavy performance car from 0-62 mph in just 2.1 seconds, with a top speed of up to 186 mph. Why this matters: โ€ข Axial flux motors are significantly more power-dense and can be up to 50% lighter than traditional designs โ€ข Their extreme thinness frees up packaging space in the vehicle for better weight distribution, aerodynamics, or interior room โ€ข Mercedes acquired YASA in 2021 and has spent years developing the complex manufacturing processes needed to build them at scale โ€ข The technology is debuting in a high-performance AMG model, showing Mercedes is serious about using it in its most demanding cars The deeper implication: While most of the EV conversation focuses on batteries and software, the electric motor itself is undergoing a quiet revolution. Axial flux designs have long been seen as theoretically superior but extremely difficult to manufacture at scale. By solving the production challenges and putting these motors into a real high-performance car, Mercedes is pushing the entire industry forward. The next generation of electric performance cars may not just have bigger batteries they may have fundamentally better motors. Weโ€™re watching the physical hardware of EVs evolve as dramatically as the software has. How important do you think motor technology (rather than just battery size) will be for the future of electric performance cars? Follow for more frontier automotive engineering and electric vehicle technology.

TheNewPhysics

399,616 views โ€ข 1 month ago