🚨 ROLLS-ROYCE JUST RAN A JET ENGINE ON 100%... HYDROGEN AND IT REACHED FULL TAKE-OFF POWER. In a landmark test, a Rolls-Royce jet engine successfully operated at full thrust using only hydrogen fuel for the first time in history. The engine was tested across a complete simulated flight cycle, including fault scenarios, proving that hydrogen can not only burn inside a modern aero gas turbine but can deliver the power needed for real commercial flight. Why this matters: • Aviation is one of the hardest sectors to decarbonize • Hydrogen produces zero CO₂ when burned — only water • This test validates that hydrogen combustion, fuel systems, and engine controls can work together at full power • It moves hydrogen aviation from theory into practical engineering reality The deeper implication is huge: We are now seeing the first real proof that large commercial aircraft could one day fly on hydrogen instead of kerosene. While many challenges remain (especially hydrogen storage and airport infrastructure), this test removes one of the biggest technical doubts: whether a jet engine can actually deliver full power on hydrogen. The race toward zero-emission flight just took a major step forward. What do you think will hydrogen or battery-electric eventually power most commercial flights? Follow for more frontier energy and sustainable technology.show more

News alert: It’s electric⚡ GE Aerospace has successfully demonstrated... a commercial narrowbody hybrid electric engine system as part of NASA’s Turbofan Engine Power Extraction program. Testing advanced our understanding of turbofan engine and electric system integration and controls, that can work with or without energy storage like batteries, helping pave the way for a more electric future of flight. ✈️ Learn more in the press release about how this architecture could benefit customers and make hybrid electric commercial aviation more viable: #GEAerospace NASA's Glenn Research Center #HybridElectric #NASA #FutureOfFlightshow more

GE9X Water Ingestion Test - Proving the World's Largest... Jet Engine Can Survive Extreme Rain The General Electric GE9X, built for the Boeing 777X, must pass brutal certification tests before entering service. One of the toughest is the water ingestion test. What Is the Water Ingestion Test? This test checks if the engine can continue operating safely during extremely heavy rain. During the test: Large amounts of water are sprayed directly into the engine intake The engine runs at high power Engineers monitor performance and stability How the Test Is Performed In a specialized test facility: Water nozzles simulate intense rainfall Thousands of liters of water are injected into the airflow The engine operates at different thrust levels Sensors monitor: Combustion stability Compressor performance Temperature and pressure changes ▲ What Engineers Are Checking The engine must prove that: No flameout occurs No compressor stall happens Thrust remains stable Internal components are not damaged Even with massive water flow, the engine must keep running smoothly.show more

Is Using a Nebulizer with Food Grade Hydrogen Peroxide... preventive and healing for upper respiratory symptoms? The earlier you get this in the better, so if you start feeling run down or stuffy take action sooner. ***THIS IS NOT MEDICAL ADVICE. Not only can nebulizing save you money, but also time from healing and potentially from the damage/side effects that antibiotics can have. I used a nasal mist sprayer with a 50/50 mix of 3% HP to distilled water and ate raw chopped garlic too when I had pneumonia and I relieved congestion, coughing or anything chest related. Just aches and pains. I’m all about prevention and using natural medicines first! “The inhalation of HP by nebulization has been shown to be extremely effective for the rapid elimination of any pathogen presence in the sinuses, nose, throat, and deep into the lungs.” -Dr. Levy HOW TO PREPARE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE FOR NEBULIZING 1. Add 2 tsp of 3% food grade hydrogen peroxide to 8 oz of saline water (this makes.1% dilution), if you are starting with 12% hydrogen peroxide, add 1/2 tsp to 8 oz of saline water. 2. Transfer this mix to a glass dropper bottle. 3. Use about 2-3 mL or (1/2 tsp) of this mix for each nebulizing session. 4. You can keep this solution refrigerated for a long time and continue to reuse it. Praying for your health and abundance of goodness 🙌🏼show more

Did you know that electric vehicles can go back... into Thermal Runaway weeks later? The ‘smoke’ you see isn’t actually smoke, it is a highly flammable, toxic and explosive vapour. Some of the key components are: HCN - Hydrogen Cyanide C6H6 - Benzene C7H8 - Toluene C2H4 - Ethylene H2 - Hydogen O2 - Oxygen CO - Carbon Monoxide CO2 - Carbon Dioxide HF - Hydrogen Fluoride NO2 - Nitrogen Dioxide HCI - Hydrogen Chloride CH4 - Methane It is important to note I’m not against Lithium Ion Batteries (or EVs), they can be a good thing and will no doubt change lives and innovation for years to come, however the technology currently is way ahead of the solution in the event of an incident. We need urgent legislation, education, training and operational guidance for dealing with these incidents. For more information on Thermal Runaway, and the dangers of Lithium Ion Batteries please see the link below (and please check your smoke alarms):show more

You are looking at the most advanced rocket engine... ever built SpaceX’s next-generation Raptor 3 engine is not just an upgrade, it is a complete redesign of what a rocket engine can be Compared to the original Raptor 1, Raptor 3 is expected to deliver nearly 2x more thrust, around 4x lower cost, a much lighter design saving about 42.9 tons per launch, no external heat shield required, and cleaner, simpler, more integrated hardware This is not just an engine upgrade. It is a major step toward making Starship cheaper, lighter, more reusable, and capable of launching at a scale humanity has never seen before The first flight of Starship V3, powered by Raptor 3, is currently targeted for mid-May 2026 SpaceX is building the future of spaceflight in real timeshow more

What is the RAT? The RAT is a small... wind turbine stowed within the aircraft fuselage and deployed automatically when certain failure conditions are met. Once extended into the airstream, it uses the forward motion of the aircraft to spin and generate power—mechanical, hydraulic, or electrical. Primary Functions of the RAT on the 787-8 1. Hydraulic Backup Power On deployment, the RAT drives a variable displacement inline hydraulic pump. It pressurizes the center hydraulic system, enabling continued operation of critical flight control surfaces such as the ailerons, elevators, and rudder. This is vital in maintaining aircraft controllability if normal hydraulic sources are lost. 2. Supplementary Electrical Power While the RAT is primarily a hydraulic power source on the 787-8, it can also, in some configurations, drive an emergency generator. This generator provides sufficient AC and DC power to support essential avionics, flight displays, and communications systems. Deployment Scenarios: When Does the RAT Automatically Deploy? The RAT on the Boeing 787-8 deploys automatically—without crew input—under the following emergency conditions: 1. Dual Engine Failure If both engines fail, resulting in the loss of engine-driven electrical and hydraulic generation, the RAT deploys to maintain critical flight control power. 2. Complete Electrical Loss to Flight Instruments If there’s a total loss of electrical power to both the captain’s and first officer’s primary flight instruments, the RAT ensures these systems remain powered. 3. Low Pressure in All Three Hydraulic Systems If all three systems—Left, Center, and Right—lose hydraulic pressure, the RAT provides emergency hydraulic power through the center system. 4. EMP Failure + Engine Loss During Takeoff or Landing If all four Electric Motor Pumps (EMPs) fail and an engine fails during takeoff or landing, the RAT deploys to sustain flight control power during these critical phases. Automatic and Autonomous Operation One of the RAT’s key advantages is its fully autonomous activation. Pilots do not need to manually deploy it; the system is designed to react immediately to predefined failure logic, reducing workload and ensuring flight-critical systems remain powered. In Summary The Ram Air Turbine (RAT) on the Boeing 787-8 is not just a backup—it's a lifesaving last resort. It deploys automatically to supply hydraulic and limited electrical power when all other power sources fail. Designed with layered redundancy in mind, it is one of the unsung heroes of modern aircraft systems, ensuring that even in worst-case scenarios, pilots retain control to guide the aircraft—and its passengers—safely to the ground.show more

Our first test flight is just the beginning! Behind... the scenes, we are focused on up-scaling and improving our technology. We are excited to announce that we have successfully tested the central subsystem of our Helix 2.0 oxygen-rich staged-combustion engine: the powerpack. We have performed two successful hot-fire tests in which we have shown steady-state operation and cavitation limits. The powerpack incorporates the turbopump and pre-burner(s). It is the most complex as well as the most mechanically and thermally stressed subsystem of a staged-combustion engine. This milestone validated key technological challenges, such as the simultaneous ignition of multiple pre-burners and turbopump cavitation performance. The results are in-line with the predictions from our design models. The closed-cycle architecture of Helix allows us to push the performance envelope further: Helix 2.0 is designed to deliver double the thrust (200kN), while mass, production technology and costs remain comparable to Helix 1.0. The result for our customers: more payload for a lower budget! Excited about this news? Check out our career portal for employment opportunities and help us to elevate our Helix staged-combustion engine technology to the next level! ➡️show more

:Scientists Capture the Birth of Water, Atom by AtomFor... the first time ever, researchers have directly observed hydrogen and oxygen atoms combining in real time to form tiny nanoscale bubbles of water—essentially witnessing one of chemistry’s most fundamental reactions at the molecular early 2024, a team from Northwestern University unveiled a groundbreaking imaging technique that traps gas molecules inside tiny, honeycomb-shaped nanoreactors sealed by ultra-thin glassy membranes. This innovation allows scientists to observe chemical processes in real time using high-vacuum transmission electron microscopes, something previously impossible for gaseous reactions.The team, led by Professor Vinayak Dravid and including first author Yukun Liu, turned their attention to a century-old puzzle: how palladium—a rare metallic element—acts as a powerful catalyst to rapidly combine hydrogen and oxygen into water As Yukun Liu explained: “It’s a known phenomenon, but it was never fully understood. You really need both direct visualization of the reaction and atomic-level structural analysis to figure out exactly what’s happening.”What they saw was astonishing.Using their nanoreactor platform, the researchers watched hydrogen atoms diffuse into a palladium nanocube, causing its crystal lattice to expand slightly. Then, when oxygen was introduced, the gases reacted at the surface. Suddenly, tiny water bubbles began to nucleate and grow right before their eyes on the palladium surface.“We think it might be the smallest bubble ever formed that has been directly viewed,” said Liu. “It’s not what we were expecting. Luckily, we were recording it—so we could prove to others that we weren’t crazy.” The bubbles were confirmed to be water using electron energy-loss spectroscopy and heating experiments. Remarkably, the reaction occurs efficiently at room temperature, and palladium itself is recyclable—it doesn’t get consumed in the process. The order in which the gases are introduced also plays a key role in the speed of water formation.This direct, atomic-scale observation not only solves a long-standing mystery in catalysis but could also inspire new technologies: from more efficient ways to generate clean water in remote or arid environments to improved hydrogen fuel cells and even systems for producing water in space.What once seemed like “water from thin air” is now literally visible—captured in stunning detail at the nanoscale. This breakthrough highlights how advanced imaging tools are unlocking secrets of matter that have remained hidden for generations.The study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) in 2024.show more

Enhanced video of the moment AI171 crashed appears on... social media and gives a clearer indication that the aircraft's Ram Air Turbine was deployed shortly after take off from Ahmedabad. The new video is sharper and with better audio than the one widely circulated on the day of the accident. The RAT can clearly be heard at the beginning of the 18 second clip. Aviation experts say the deployment of the ram air turbine (RAT) on the Air India Dreamliner that crashed on June 12 is compelling evidence of a catastrophic dual engine failure. The ram air turbine (RAT) is a last-resort device designed to deploy automatically on aircraft like the Boeing 787 Dreamliner when both engines fail or there is a total loss of electrical or hydraulic power. “It’s not designed for an airplane at 400 or 500 feet to lose all power,” he says. “But it gives you the minimum needed to fly and communicate.”show more

In 1909, the Gnome Omega became the first mass-produced... rotary engine, marking a major step forward in early aviation. At a time when aircraft struggled with heavy, overheating powerplants, the Gnome Omega introduced a radical solution: the cylinders and engine block rotated around a fixed crankshaft, improving cooling and reducing weight. This unusual design allowed air to flow directly over the spinning cylinders, eliminating the need for bulky radiators. The high power-to-weight ratio made it ideal for pioneering aircraft, including those used by Louis Blériot during his historic 1909 crossing of the English Channel. Although rotary engines were eventually replaced by more efficient designs, the Gnome Omega remains a symbol of the experimental ingenuity that defined the birth of powered flight.show more

An airplane radial engine is a powerful internal combustion... engine where cylinders are arranged in a circle around a central crankshaft, resembling the spokes of a wheel. Renowned for their exceptional power-to-weight ratio and reliable air cooling, they were the dominant powerhouses of early aviation and World War II. An aeroplane radial engine operates by converting fuel into mechanical rotation through a unique circular piston arrangement. The cylinders are positioned in a circle around a central crankcase, resembling the spokes of a wheel. Inside the hub, only one "master" connecting rod attaches directly to the crankshaft, while all other rods anchor to the base of that master rod. As fuel ignites inside the cylinders, the pistons fire in a specific "skip-one" sequence-such as 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8-to distribute power evenly around the hub. This sequential pushing motion turns the master rod assembly, which rotates the crankshaft and spins the aircraft propeller. Finally, because the cylinders face forward into the oncoming wind, the engine cools itself naturally using direct airflow instead of heavy liquid radiators.show more

Astronomers just watched a star explode - and saw... its insides exposed. For the first time in history, scientists got a direct look inside a star at the moment it went supernova - revealing inner layers that had, until now, only existed in theory. A massive star 2.2 billion light-years away reached the end of its life and exploded in a brilliant burst of light. But something was off. When researchers analyzed the spectrum of light from the explosion, they didn't see the usual lighter elements like hydrogen, helium, or oxygen. Instead, they saw silicon. Sulphur. Argon. Elements normally buried deep inside a star's core. This wasn't supposed to be possible. According to stellar models, massive stars - those at least eight times the mass of our Sun - are layered like onions. Their cores are packed with heavy elements like iron, while progressive lighter layers of silicon, oxygen, and carbon sit above. Hydrogen and helium form the outermost shells. These outer layers usually obscure everything underneath. Astronomers believe the star violently ejected its outer layers in the final stages of life – not just the hydrogen and helium, but even the middle shells that hide the deeper interior. It’s possible that extreme instability in stars more than 100 times the mass of our Sun could cause this kind of shedding. While similar “pre-explosion outbursts” have been seen in other stars, this is the first time they’ve exposed the inner structure so clearly. The supernova was first detected by the Zwicky Transient Facility in California. Within 24 hours, astronomers triggered rapid follow-up observations with Hawaii’s Keck Observatory and captured the light signature before the explosion faded. That speed was critical. Supernovae evolve quickly, sometimes over just a few hours, and once the star’s material expands and cools, the deeper layers disappear from view. Read the study: Schulze, Steve, et al. “Extremely Stripped Supernova Reveals a Silicon and Sulfur Formation Site.” Nature Credit: Keck Observatory/Adam Makarenkoshow more

Jet Fuel is a fascinating story. We don’t measure... it in litres, we measure it in weight, because fuel expands/contracts with temperature while weight stays constant. Jet fuel’s specific gravity is ~0.8, so 1 litre ≈ 0.8 kg (lighter than water). It’s also worth noting that jet fuel is essentially a highly refined kerosene, far less volatile than gasoline, which makes it safer to handle in large quantities. On a long-haul, fuel can be close to half the aircraft’s total weight at departure. On the A350-1000, that can be ~129 tonnes. At most major international airports, this much fuel doesn’t turn up in a tanker. It’s stored in a depot and delivered through a network of underground hydrant pipes to each stand. The “tanker” you see is really a pump truck connecting the hydrant to the aircraft and metering the exact uplift. When I moved from the A340-600 to the A350-1000, one of the things that struck me most was just how much simpler and smarter the fuel system became and how much less fuel we required for the same journeys. On the A340-600, we needed a rear trim tank in the tail to keep the aircraft in balance during cruise. It worked beautifully, but it added complexity. The A350 doesn’t need that, instead, it uses tiny fractions of flap in cruise, together with the latest wing aerodynamics, to keep perfectly in trim. London → New York comparison (typical figures): - A340-600: ~80–90 tonnes of trip fuel - A350-1000: ~50–60 tonnes of trip fuel That’s roughly 30–40% less fuel, saving ~25–30 tonnes on a single flight, which also means about 80–95 tonnes less CO₂ (rule of thumb: 1 tonne of jet fuel ≈ 3.16 tonnes CO₂) 📸 by ig/captainchrisshow more

Today, New York City takes a huge step forward... toward less traffic, cleaner air, and better transit. A generation of straphangers, advocates, and public servants fought tirelessly to make #congestionpricing a reality. I’ve been honored to be part of that team, including organizing the litigation that helped end the pause and get the system started before Trump becomes President. What’s essential now is that the MTA, the Governor, and the Mayor deliver on the promises. The only way to bring doubters on board is to show real, concrete improvements, and to do it quickly and transparently. Today is a day to celebrate, but we can’t rest on our laurels. This is a big opportunity, and we must seize it. If we get congestion pricing right – not just turning on the cameras, but delivering on the promises – we can secure the future of our public transit system, take a big step forward toward a thriving and sustainable future for the whole New York City metropolitan region, and show that government can actually work. Read my full statement:show more

NEWS: SpaceX has released a statement after today's successful... 11th Starship test flight. "Every major objective of the flight test was achieved, providing valuable data as we prepare the next generation of Starship and Super Heavy. The flight test began with Super Heavy igniting all 33 Raptor engines and ascending over the Gulf. The successful first-stage ascent was followed by a hot-staging maneuver, with Starship’s upper stage igniting its six Raptor engines to continue its flight to space. Following stage separation, the Super Heavy booster completed its boostback burn to put it on a course to a pre-planned splashdown zone off the coast of Texas using 12 of the 13 planned engines. Under the same angle of attack tested on the previous flight, the booster descended until successfully igniting all 13 planned engines (including one that did not relight during the boostback burn) for the high-thrust portion of the landing burn. The booster successfully executed a unique landing burn planned for use on the next generation booster. Super Heavy hovered above the water before shutting down its engines and splashing down. After completing a full-duration ascent burn, Starship achieved its planned velocity and trajectory. During flight, Starship successfully deployed eight Starlink simulators and executed the third in-space relight of a Raptor engine, demonstrating a critical capability for future deorbit burns. Starship re-entered the Earth’s atmosphere and was able to gather extensive data on the performance of its heatshield as it was intentionally stressed to test the limits of the vehicle’s capabilities. In the final minutes of flight, Starship performed a dynamic banking maneuver to mimic the trajectory that future missions returning to Starbase will fly. Starship then guided itself using its four flaps to the pre-planned splashdown zone in the Indian Ocean, successfully executing a landing flip, landing burn, and soft splashdown. Focus now turns to the next generation of Starship and Super Heavy, with multiple vehicles currently in active build and preparing for tests. This next iteration will be used for the first Starship orbital flights, operational payload missions, propellant transfer, and more as we iterate to a fully and rapidly reusable vehicle with service to Earth orbit, the Moon, Mars, and beyond."show more

A Change of Plan…🌍 A little insight into the... realities of airline flying: sometimes the route you see on your flight tracker isn’t the one we originally planned. That’s because flight planning is a mix of science, safety, and flexibility. 🌐 One reason for changes is ATC flow management. Think of it like traffic lights in the sky, with thousands of aircraft moving through shared corridors, air traffic control sometimes adjusts our routes to keep the system flowing smoothly and safely. But today’s change wasn’t about traffic. It was about performance planning. Departing Delhi, our A350 was heavy with fuel and passengers, and the original routing led straight into an area of very high terrain. With a twin-engine aircraft, we always consider the “what if”: if one engine were to fail, how would the aircraft perform? Safety means ensuring we can still fly clear of terrain even under those conditions. That’s where ETOPS (Extended-range Twin-engine Operations) and drift down procedures come in. ETOPS rules let two-engine aircraft fly long oceanic and remote routes, but only with strict planning to guarantee diversion options. Drift down is the scenario where, after losing one engine, we calculate how the aircraft can descend to a level where it can safely continue flight and clear terrain. These are baked into every flight plan, and sometimes, the numbers don’t add up and they mean taking the longer way around. So today, instead of climbing northwest out of India, we turned south. The routing took us over Oman and the UAE, up the length of the Gulf, across Iraq, and back into our original track over western Turkey. That’s also where we passed one of my favourite places: the airfield named Batman 🦇. 👨‍✈️ It’s a great reminder that flying isn’t just point-to-point. Every route is carefully designed with safety, performance, and the flow of global air traffic in mind. It also means that we had a great opportunity to get some air-to-air pics of other aircraft. Will share these during the week 🙌🏻 #AvGeek #PilotLife #AirbusA350 #FlightDeckLife #ETOPS #FlightOps #AirlinePilot #AviationSafety #ProfessionalPilot #FromTheFlightDeck #FlyingTheWorld #SingleEngineDriftDown #AviationDaily #AvgeekCommunity #SkyHighViewsshow more

More Batteries vs. Submarines Now that the German TKMS... and the French Naval Group have massively adopted lithium-ion batteries, following the Japanese lead, this is consolidating as a major trend, just as I had predicted. The next stage will be solid-state batteries, and at that point, we'll essentially be discussing only speed and submerged endurance in comparison to nuclear submarines. Since solid-state batteries are lighter, they will allow for a greater number to be installed, freeing up space for more powerful propulsion systems. Naval Group has already sold a version of the Scorpène to Indonesia capable of remaining submerged for up to 80 days. That's with lithium-ion batteries. Imagine what this could exceed, more than double, with solid-state batteries. In practical terms, a more powerful engine combined with solid-state batteries in the proportions that Naval Group is now using in the Scorpène would provide three times the speed, meaning something like 10–15 knots at constant speed while maintaining around 50 days submerged. This would give a range of 40,000–50,000 km, requiring less than one hour on the surface for a fast recharge. For speeds above 25 knots, simply adding more batteries and a better engine would suffice, as the solid-state system has high power output. All this at 15–20% of the cost of a nuclear submarine. And if the choice is to power the batteries with a micro-reactor, it would cost 25–35% of a conventional nuclear one. Then someone will say: “But a nuclear sub can stay submerged for years.” That makes no difference at all, since even with around 60 days of endurance, the crew still needs to surface to resupply provisions. The big advantages remain: battery-powered subs are superior in silence, and speed can be addressed with larger battery packs.show more

Breaking: Hubble Telescope Opens a "Window" into the Dark... Universe — First-Ever Detection of a Starless Dark Matter Cloud! In a groundbreaking discovery announced by NASA, the Hubble Space Telescope has revealed an entirely new class of cosmic object: a vast, starless cloud dominated by dark matter, rich in gas but completely devoid of stars. Nicknamed Cloud-9, this enigmatic structure lies about 14 million light-years away, on the outskirts of the spiral galaxy Messier 94 (M94).This is the first confirmed observation of such a "failed galaxy" or relic from the early universe — a massive dark matter halo that gathered hydrogen gas but never triggered star formation. Hubble's deep imaging ruled out any hidden faint stars, confirming it's truly dark and star-free.Key highlights from the discovery:Massive dark matter core — estimated at around 5 billion solar masses, anchoring a compact reservoir of gas. A cosmic fossil — likely a survivor from the universe's infancy, halted during reionization (when the first stars and galaxies lit up and ionized surrounding gas). Implications — This "phantom" object provides direct evidence for the existence of low-mass dark matter halos that never evolved into full galaxies. It suggests the universe could be filled with similar invisible structures, offering a major boost to our understanding of dark matter and galaxy formation. For decades, theorists predicted these "dark galaxies" or RELHICs (Reionization-Limited Hydrogen Clouds), but Cloud-9 marks the first solid proof caught in the act.Scientists are buzzing — this rare "wow" moment could rewrite parts of cosmic history and hint at countless other hidden building blocks of the universe lurking in the shadows.(Source: NASA/ESA Hubble release, Januaryshow more

Quick testing on the jet engine : The system... upgrade worked perfectly✅ Before now, the jet prototype could never move on rough sand without the Afterburner mode ON, now it's just cruising through the rough terrain, with little rolling resistance, showing a significant increase in engine power, my welder wouldn't dare try to catch it if the Afterburner mode was ON🤣 I'm just imagining the rocket speed on a paved runway 👀 The entire vehicle weighs about 50kg⚠️ With an 8ft delta wingspan There's a huge possibility that this beast may Fly if pushed hard enough😅 The turbo core is actually very weak now due to rust & oil caking while lying dormant for weeks and I will need to change it to a new one🤦🏻‍♂️ We are locally challenging the likes of Lockheed Martin, Anduril, Boeing etc😂 If we could build this with crude tools, Just imagine what we would do with high end machinery & resources It was great to hear the roaring sound again after lying dormant for long I am planning for another runway test✅ Nigeria can be great too mahn Our international colleagues do not have 2 heads⚠️ We'll keep building, testing and pushing Mtcheew.......🚶 #Zedorashow more