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Most video-action robot models are a content-creation video generator with an action module attached. LingBot-VA 2.0 from Robbyant, a video-action foundation model, throws that starting point out and trains the whole stack natively for control. And it runs closed-loop at a peak 225 Hz. It's so important because A... robot cannot move responsively when its controller pauses to imagine the next few frames. LingBot-VA 2.0 predicts during execution, then corrects using each real observation. And it carries only about 13B video parameters while activating roughly 1.9B per token. Bigger robot models usually mean slower reactions, creating a direct conflict between intelligence and control. LingBot-VA 2.0 is trained from scratch for robot control rather than adapted from a video generator built for content creation. Robbyant, an embodied AI company under Ant Group, built it to learn how scenes change under actions, predict what should happen next, and turn those predictions into real-time robot movements. Most video-action systems inherit a tokenizer and video backbone trained mainly to reproduce visual appearance. LingBot-VA 2.0 rebuilds both parts around physical control. Its semantic visual-action tokenizer maps observations toward features from a frozen vision foundation model and learns compact latent actions from frame-to-frame changes using self-supervised inverse and forward dynamics. Unlabeled web video can therefore carry action-relevant training signals without robot action labels. The policy is causal from the start, so every prediction can use only past observations. Its sparse Mixture-of-Experts video backbone has about 13B total parameters, while about 1.9B are active per token, keeping the compute lower during each step. A high-level vision-language planner breaks long tasks into smaller instructions, while the low-level video-action policy handles continuous movement. Foresight Reasoning predicts future visual states while the robot is already acting, then replaces imagined states with every new real observation. Combined with few-step distillation and systems acceleration, the paper reports a peak asynchronous execution frequency of 225 Hz. The model adapts from 10–15 demonstrations, transfers across robot embodiments, and handles some new tasks zero-shot. In the paper’s own evaluations, it reaches 93.6 average on RoboTwin 2.0 and reports stronger real-world results than LingBot-VA and π0.5 across the tested tasks. 🧵 1.show more

Rohan Paul

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🚀 We’re excited to announce LingBot-VA, a new state-of-the-art robot policy model from Robbyant ! LingBot-VA is built on a causal, autoregressive video-action world model for generalist robot control. Highlights: (1) First unified autoregressive video-action world model for robot control (2) Low-latency inference with a new asynchronous execution pipeline (3) SOTA on RoboTwin (92.9%, firstever > 90%) and LIBERO (98.5%) (4) +20% over π0.5 on challenging real-world long-horizon & high-precision tasks

🚀 We’re excited to announce LingBot-VA, a new state-of-the-art robot policy model from Robbyant ! LingBot-VA is built on a causal, autoregressive video-action world model for generalist robot control. Highlights: (1) First unified autoregressive video-action world model for robot control (2) Low-latency inference with a new asynchronous execution pipeline (3) SOTA on RoboTwin (92.9%, firstever > 90%) and LIBERO (98.5%) (4) +20% over π0.5 on challenging real-world long-horizon & high-precision tasks

Yinghao Xu

46,962 views • 7 months ago

🦾 From seeing to doing. We're closing the loop between video prediction and real-world action. On the final day of Robbyant Open Source Week, we bring you LingBot-VA—the world's first causal video-action world model for generalist robot control. 🔥 Key Highlights: 🤖 Predicts & Acts: A single model generates both future video and the actions to make it real. 🧠 Remembers the Past: True long-term memory for complex, sequential tasks. ⚡ Learns in a Snap: Masters new skills with just 30-50 real-world demos. The result? 📈 SOTA on RoboTwin (92.9%) and LIBERO (98.5%), +20% over π0.5 on challenging real-world long-horizon & high-precision tasks. More below 👇 #AI #Robotics #EmbodiedAI #WorldModel #OpenSource

🦾 From seeing to doing. We're closing the loop between video prediction and real-world action. On the final day of Robbyant Open Source Week, we bring you LingBot-VA—the world's first causal video-action world model for generalist robot control. 🔥 Key Highlights: 🤖 Predicts & Acts: A single model generates both future video and the actions to make it real. 🧠 Remembers the Past: True long-term memory for complex, sequential tasks. ⚡ Learns in a Snap: Masters new skills with just 30-50 real-world demos. The result? 📈 SOTA on RoboTwin (92.9%) and LIBERO (98.5%), +20% over π0.5 on challenging real-world long-horizon & high-precision tasks. More below 👇 #AI #Robotics #EmbodiedAI #WorldModel #OpenSource

Robbyant

704,157 views • 7 months ago

Chinese robotics company Astribot released their latest World-Action Model (WAM), Lumo-2. Technical breakdown: - based on a frozen 🥶 Qwen-3.5 4B VLM - trained in 3 progressive stages: 1. Action is aligned with latent world dynamics (an abstract representation of action). Real-world actions are anchored to physical constraints, while the latent space is guided to focus on motion-relevant changes. This bidirectional relationship makes the model physically grounded -> critical for a world model. 2. Action is aligned with vision and language. Reusing the vision backbone and action encoder from the frozen VLM, the authors add a custom vocabulary (for new actions), a semantic module, an action decoder, and an action projector. This aligns the (new) action representations with the (existing) vision-language semantic space. Most importantly: it builds a direct mapping from natural-language instructions to motor execution. 3. End-to-end training on language, video, and robot data. Only the new modules (everything outside the frozen backbone) are trained end-to-end across temporal reasoning, physical understanding, long-horizon, and dexterous manipulation. At the end of the day, Lumo-2 is not the best on benchmarks, but that's not the point. What's genuinely new: - a way to combine latent world modeling and action generation through progressive alignment - a physically-grounded latent dynamics space - it lifts performance on unseen objects using un-annotated human egocentric video + Vision Pro captures, no special transfer algorithm needed Why it matters: - the whole model is thin trainable adapters (semantic module, action decoder/projector) on a frozen 4B backbone (cheap) - that scale is suited for real-time embedded inference (~2.71× decode speedup, no accuracy loss) - its real moat is long-horizon execution, where the added temporal memory pays off far more than on any other task As a result, this robot can now make your latte (5x sped up video):

Chinese robotics company Astribot released their latest World-Action Model (WAM), Lumo-2. Technical breakdown: - based on a frozen 🥶 Qwen-3.5 4B VLM - trained in 3 progressive stages: 1. Action is aligned with latent world dynamics (an abstract representation of action). Real-world actions are anchored to physical constraints, while the latent space is guided to focus on motion-relevant changes. This bidirectional relationship makes the model physically grounded -> critical for a world model. 2. Action is aligned with vision and language. Reusing the vision backbone and action encoder from the frozen VLM, the authors add a custom vocabulary (for new actions), a semantic module, an action decoder, and an action projector. This aligns the (new) action representations with the (existing) vision-language semantic space. Most importantly: it builds a direct mapping from natural-language instructions to motor execution. 3. End-to-end training on language, video, and robot data. Only the new modules (everything outside the frozen backbone) are trained end-to-end across temporal reasoning, physical understanding, long-horizon, and dexterous manipulation. At the end of the day, Lumo-2 is not the best on benchmarks, but that's not the point. What's genuinely new: - a way to combine latent world modeling and action generation through progressive alignment - a physically-grounded latent dynamics space - it lifts performance on unseen objects using un-annotated human egocentric video + Vision Pro captures, no special transfer algorithm needed Why it matters: - the whole model is thin trainable adapters (semantic module, action decoder/projector) on a frozen 4B backbone (cheap) - that scale is suited for real-time embedded inference (~2.71× decode speedup, no accuracy loss) - its real moat is long-horizon execution, where the added temporal memory pays off far more than on any other task As a result, this robot can now make your latte (5x sped up video):

Léo

32,331 views • 1 month ago

Robots might learn better from video than from language! 📼 Most Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models learn what to do from text, but still struggle with how things move in the real world. That makes them data-hungry and slow to train. mimic video takes a different route. Instead of grounding robot control in text, it grounds it in video, using large pre-trained video models that already capture physical motion and dynamics. The idea is straightforward: let the video model handle “what will happen next,” and let a smaller control model focus only on turning that visual plan into robot actions. The result is big gains in practice. Robots trained this way need 10× less data, converge twice as fast, and perform better on both simulated benchmarks and real bimanual manipulation tasks. If robots can “imagine” motion using video, control becomes a much simpler problem. Shoutout to Jonas Pai, Liam Achenbach, Oier Mees, Elvis Nava and the rest of the team! Here's the project page: ~~ ♻️ Join the weekly robotics newsletter, and never miss any news →

Robots might learn better from video than from language! 📼 Most Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models learn what to do from text, but still struggle with how things move in the real world. That makes them data-hungry and slow to train. mimic video takes a different route. Instead of grounding robot control in text, it grounds it in video, using large pre-trained video models that already capture physical motion and dynamics. The idea is straightforward: let the video model handle “what will happen next,” and let a smaller control model focus only on turning that visual plan into robot actions. The result is big gains in practice. Robots trained this way need 10× less data, converge twice as fast, and perform better on both simulated benchmarks and real bimanual manipulation tasks. If robots can “imagine” motion using video, control becomes a much simpler problem. Shoutout to Jonas Pai, Liam Achenbach, Oier Mees, Elvis Nava and the rest of the team! Here's the project page: ~~ ♻️ Join the weekly robotics newsletter, and never miss any news →

Lukas Ziegler

50,090 views • 8 months ago

Learning from robot data? Standard. Direct Video-Action Models (DVA) is different: treat robot control as video generation, then translate the generated video into actions. Built by , the system pre-trains causal video models from scratch and can run complex production tasks for hours using only ~10 hours of robot data. • hundreds of frames of visual context • real-time control via causal video prediction More: The team behind it just exited 18 months of stealth with a $450M Series A at a $1.7B valuation. Founded by Jagdeep Singh (ex-QuantumScape) with a Stanford-heavy science team: CSO Eric Ryan Chan (ex-WorldLabs) and Prof. Gordon Wetzstein. Already running in large-scale automotive production environments. Backed by Vinod Khosla Ventures, Temasek, Premji Invest, and John Doerr. Thanks for sharing, Tongzhou Mu 🤖🦾🦿 👋

Learning from robot data? Standard. Direct Video-Action Models (DVA) is different: treat robot control as video generation, then translate the generated video into actions. Built by , the system pre-trains causal video models from scratch and can run complex production tasks for hours using only ~10 hours of robot data. • hundreds of frames of visual context • real-time control via causal video prediction More: The team behind it just exited 18 months of stealth with a $450M Series A at a $1.7B valuation. Founded by Jagdeep Singh (ex-QuantumScape) with a Stanford-heavy science team: CSO Eric Ryan Chan (ex-WorldLabs) and Prof. Gordon Wetzstein. Already running in large-scale automotive production environments. Backed by Vinod Khosla Ventures, Temasek, Premji Invest, and John Doerr. Thanks for sharing, Tongzhou Mu 🤖🦾🦿 👋

Ilir Aliu

26,391 views • 5 months ago

Not the flashiest demos, but what’s under the hood represents a foundational shift for general-purpose robotics. World models are the next-gen foundation of Physical AI, not the VLM backbones found in typical VLAs. DreamZero is a 14B-parameter World Action Model (WAM) by NVIDIA that treats robotics as a joint video-and-action prediction task. Unlike traditional Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models that map images directly to motor commands, DreamZero leverages a pretrained video diffusion backbone to predict future world states and actions simultaneously. - achieves 2× better zero-shot generalization to unseen tasks and environments compared to state-of-the-art VLAs. - learns effectively from heterogeneous, non-repetitive data (500 hours), breaking the need for thousands of repeated demonstrations. - adapts to new robot embodiments with just 30 minutes of play data. - enables 7Hz closed-loop control via system optimizations and "DreamZero-Flash," making high-capacity diffusion models viable for real-time use.

Not the flashiest demos, but what’s under the hood represents a foundational shift for general-purpose robotics. World models are the next-gen foundation of Physical AI, not the VLM backbones found in typical VLAs. DreamZero is a 14B-parameter World Action Model (WAM) by NVIDIA that treats robotics as a joint video-and-action prediction task. Unlike traditional Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models that map images directly to motor commands, DreamZero leverages a pretrained video diffusion backbone to predict future world states and actions simultaneously. - achieves 2× better zero-shot generalization to unseen tasks and environments compared to state-of-the-art VLAs. - learns effectively from heterogeneous, non-repetitive data (500 hours), breaking the need for thousands of repeated demonstrations. - adapts to new robot embodiments with just 30 minutes of play data. - enables 7Hz closed-loop control via system optimizations and "DreamZero-Flash," making high-capacity diffusion models viable for real-time use.

The Humanoid Hub

35,204 views • 6 months ago

An interactive world model developed by NVIDIA in collaboration with academic partners. - DreamDojo turns egocentric human video data into physical intelligence. - Human data is more scalable than robotics data but lacks action labels. - To solve this, a dedicated action model extracts latent actions by identifying physics and motion deltas between frames. Training - A massive 44k hours of video data are used for pre-training. - Post-training on small-scale robot datasets maps human physics to specific robot embodiments. - An additional distillation stage converts the model into an autoregressive, few-step diffusion model, enabling real-time, action-controllable simulation. Primary Use Cases - Live Teleoperation: Controlling a robot inside a world simulation in real-time. - Model-based Planning: Previewing and curating the best actions for improved success. - Policy Evaluation: Testing robot policies in realistic, out-of-distribution scenarios. Everything that's open-sourced: weights, code, post-training dataset, eval set, and details to reproduce.

An interactive world model developed by NVIDIA in collaboration with academic partners. - DreamDojo turns egocentric human video data into physical intelligence. - Human data is more scalable than robotics data but lacks action labels. - To solve this, a dedicated action model extracts latent actions by identifying physics and motion deltas between frames. Training - A massive 44k hours of video data are used for pre-training. - Post-training on small-scale robot datasets maps human physics to specific robot embodiments. - An additional distillation stage converts the model into an autoregressive, few-step diffusion model, enabling real-time, action-controllable simulation. Primary Use Cases - Live Teleoperation: Controlling a robot inside a world simulation in real-time. - Model-based Planning: Previewing and curating the best actions for improved success. - Policy Evaluation: Testing robot policies in realistic, out-of-distribution scenarios. Everything that's open-sourced: weights, code, post-training dataset, eval set, and details to reproduce.

The Humanoid Hub

11,575 views • 6 months ago

Introducing FLUX-mimic, a next-generation Video-Action Model for general purpose dexterity, developed in partnership with Black Forest Labs. Late last year we published mimic-video and introduced Video-Action Models (VAM): a new family of robotics foundation models built on top of video generation models. We showed that robot control reduces to visual prediction, and that robot capability is downstream of improvements in video modeling accuracy. The obvious implication was that advances in the video modeling frontier would directly translate to increased capabilities in end-to-end robot learning. FLUX-mimic is that thesis at frontier scale: We've applied our VAM architecture to the strongest video backbone available today, FLUX 3 from Black Forest Labs, and trained it on data from our own robots and wearables. General-purpose dexterity, running on a single GPU on premises. Because the model already understands world dynamics, it needs far fewer demonstrations to learn a new task. This is game-changing for our mission to deploy robots to factory floors, where industrial robot data is scarce and expensive to collect. We're now testing and deploying FLUX-mimic with manufacturing leaders like Audi USA, on complex, multi-step manipulation long considered impossible for conventional automation.

Introducing FLUX-mimic, a next-generation Video-Action Model for general purpose dexterity, developed in partnership with Black Forest Labs. Late last year we published mimic-video and introduced Video-Action Models (VAM): a new family of robotics foundation models built on top of video generation models. We showed that robot control reduces to visual prediction, and that robot capability is downstream of improvements in video modeling accuracy. The obvious implication was that advances in the video modeling frontier would directly translate to increased capabilities in end-to-end robot learning. FLUX-mimic is that thesis at frontier scale: We've applied our VAM architecture to the strongest video backbone available today, FLUX 3 from Black Forest Labs, and trained it on data from our own robots and wearables. General-purpose dexterity, running on a single GPU on premises. Because the model already understands world dynamics, it needs far fewer demonstrations to learn a new task. This is game-changing for our mission to deploy robots to factory floors, where industrial robot data is scarce and expensive to collect. We're now testing and deploying FLUX-mimic with manufacturing leaders like Audi USA, on complex, multi-step manipulation long considered impossible for conventional automation.

mimic

117,541 views • 1 month ago

How well do egocentric human videos scale? Apparently, really well. Dyna Robotics has introduced Dyna-2, a world-action model (WAM) pre-trained on more than 1 million hours of real egocentric human video. It learns by jointly predicting the next video frames and the actions, and that video prediction (world modeling) is what carries learning from humans to robots. • More human video predictably improves action prediction. • Task accuracy improves across embodiments (bimanual arms and a humanoid) with zero robot data in pre-training. • Post-trained on just a few hours of robot data, mean task performance rose 20% to 53% as human pre-training scaled 1k to 1M hours. WAM vs VLA, matched apple-to-apple: the WAM hit 1.55x the VLA's success rate and won 65% of head-to-heads. Deployed zero-shot at unseen customer sites, it passed 87% vs the VLA's 46%.

How well do egocentric human videos scale? Apparently, really well. Dyna Robotics has introduced Dyna-2, a world-action model (WAM) pre-trained on more than 1 million hours of real egocentric human video. It learns by jointly predicting the next video frames and the actions, and that video prediction (world modeling) is what carries learning from humans to robots. • More human video predictably improves action prediction. • Task accuracy improves across embodiments (bimanual arms and a humanoid) with zero robot data in pre-training. • Post-trained on just a few hours of robot data, mean task performance rose 20% to 53% as human pre-training scaled 1k to 1M hours. WAM vs VLA, matched apple-to-apple: the WAM hit 1.55x the VLA's success rate and won 65% of head-to-heads. Deployed zero-shot at unseen customer sites, it passed 87% vs the VLA's 46%.

The Humanoid Hub

15,837 views • 20 days ago

New model: your robot can now pack your suitcase 🧳 Xiaomi has released a new robot foundation model. Called Xiaomi-Robotics-1, it is designed to have a robot pick things up and move them around. But first, DEFINITIONS: - Mixture-of-Transformers (MoT): An architecture where separate transformer "experts" (e.g., one for vision-language, one for actions) share a single attention stream, so each modality gets specialized parameters without losing joint reasoning. - Vision-language model (VLM): A model that jointly understands images and text. - Diffusion transformer: A transformer trained to turn noise into structured outputs by iterative denoising, here generating robot actions rather than images. - Action chunks: Short sequences of future actions (e.g., the next ~50 motor commands) predicted in one shot instead of one step at a time. - Flow matching: A faster version of diffusion. The model learns a straight-line velocity field from noise to the target action, so it needs only a few integration steps instead of many denoising ones. Its peculiarity comes from its two stage training: 1. 100,000 hours of video shot through a UMI rig: a handheld 3D-printed gripper with a camera, worn by humans doing ordinary tasks in homes, shops, factories and offices. 2. Adapt to actual robot bodies with ~10,000 hours of real-robot data. It replaces the standard approach of teleoperating a real robot for every hour of training data. Its architecture is a Mixture-of-Transformers pairing a pre-trained Qwen3-VL vision-language model with a diffusion transformer that emits action chunks via flow matching, released in 2.6B, 5.1B and 10.5B parameter variants. However, if you read the entire paper ("Scaling VLA Models with over 100K Hours"), you realize that all of the scaling experiments on 20k hours. Therefore the headline "out-of-the-box success climbing 26% → 75% as pre-training data grows" tops out at 100% of 20k hours! What the full corpus does to that curve is never shown -> and this where things would become interesting! Xiaomi's own conclusion is that model size has stopped mattering and data is the binding constraint. The performance gap among different model sizes are less pronounced than those observed across different data scales. This result suggests that model capacity at the billions-parameter scale may already be sufficient to capture the current dataset's distribution. Which further asks the same question: why not use the 100k video hours? Anyway, I would definitely love to have a couple robots at home that can cooperate to pack my suitcase with items relevant to my next destination:

New model: your robot can now pack your suitcase 🧳 Xiaomi has released a new robot foundation model. Called Xiaomi-Robotics-1, it is designed to have a robot pick things up and move them around. But first, DEFINITIONS: - Mixture-of-Transformers (MoT): An architecture where separate transformer "experts" (e.g., one for vision-language, one for actions) share a single attention stream, so each modality gets specialized parameters without losing joint reasoning. - Vision-language model (VLM): A model that jointly understands images and text. - Diffusion transformer: A transformer trained to turn noise into structured outputs by iterative denoising, here generating robot actions rather than images. - Action chunks: Short sequences of future actions (e.g., the next ~50 motor commands) predicted in one shot instead of one step at a time. - Flow matching: A faster version of diffusion. The model learns a straight-line velocity field from noise to the target action, so it needs only a few integration steps instead of many denoising ones. Its peculiarity comes from its two stage training: 1. 100,000 hours of video shot through a UMI rig: a handheld 3D-printed gripper with a camera, worn by humans doing ordinary tasks in homes, shops, factories and offices. 2. Adapt to actual robot bodies with ~10,000 hours of real-robot data. It replaces the standard approach of teleoperating a real robot for every hour of training data. Its architecture is a Mixture-of-Transformers pairing a pre-trained Qwen3-VL vision-language model with a diffusion transformer that emits action chunks via flow matching, released in 2.6B, 5.1B and 10.5B parameter variants. However, if you read the entire paper ("Scaling VLA Models with over 100K Hours"), you realize that all of the scaling experiments on 20k hours. Therefore the headline "out-of-the-box success climbing 26% → 75% as pre-training data grows" tops out at 100% of 20k hours! What the full corpus does to that curve is never shown -> and this where things would become interesting! Xiaomi's own conclusion is that model size has stopped mattering and data is the binding constraint. The performance gap among different model sizes are less pronounced than those observed across different data scales. This result suggests that model capacity at the billions-parameter scale may already be sufficient to capture the current dataset's distribution. Which further asks the same question: why not use the 100k video hours? Anyway, I would definitely love to have a couple robots at home that can cooperate to pack my suitcase with items relevant to my next destination:

Léo

15,662 views • 25 days ago

What would a World Model look like if we start from a real embodied agent acting in the real world? It has to have: 1) A real, physically grounded and complex action space—not just abstract control signals. 2) Diverse, real-life scenarios and activities. Or in short: It has to be annoyingly complex—in both the action and vision space—to even get close to real life. We did an initial attempt: Whole-Body Conditioned Egocentric Video Prediction. In collaboration with @dans_t123 , Amir Bar, Yann LeCun , trevordarrell and Jitendra MALIK. (For more details, check: What we did is very simple: Predict Egocentric Video from human Actions (PEVA) - Given the past video and a future action represented by relative 3D body pose, PEVA predicts how the world looks next—from the first-person view. By conditioning on kinematic pose trajectories, structured by the joint hierarchy of the body, it learns how physical actions shape perception.

What would a World Model look like if we start from a real embodied agent acting in the real world? It has to have: 1) A real, physically grounded and complex action space—not just abstract control signals. 2) Diverse, real-life scenarios and activities. Or in short: It has to be annoyingly complex—in both the action and vision space—to even get close to real life. We did an initial attempt: Whole-Body Conditioned Egocentric Video Prediction. In collaboration with @dans_t123 , Amir Bar, Yann LeCun , trevordarrell and Jitendra MALIK. (For more details, check: What we did is very simple: Predict Egocentric Video from human Actions (PEVA) - Given the past video and a future action represented by relative 3D body pose, PEVA predicts how the world looks next—from the first-person view. By conditioning on kinematic pose trajectories, structured by the joint hierarchy of the body, it learns how physical actions shape perception.

Yutong Bai

179,361 views • 1 year ago

Excited to announce GR00T N1, the world’s first open foundation model for humanoid robots! We are on a mission to democratize Physical AI. The power of general robot brain, in the palm of your hand - with only 2B parameters, N1 learns from the most diverse physical action dataset ever compiled and punches above its weight: - Real humanoid teleoperation data. - Large-scale simulation data: we are open-sourcing 300K+ trajectories! - Neural trajectories: we apply SOTA video generation models to “hallucinate” new synthetic data that features accurate physics in pixels. Using Jensen’s words, “systematically infinite data”! - Latent actions: we develop novel algorithms to extract action tokens from in-the-wild human videos and neural generated videos. GR00T N1 is a single end-to-end neural net, from photons to actions: - Vision-Language Model (System 2) that interprets the physical world through vision and language instructions, enabling robots to reason about their environment and instructions, and plan the right actions. - Diffusion Transformer (System 1) that “renders” smooth and precise motor actions at 120 Hz, executing the latent plan made by System 2. We deploy N1 on GR1 robot, 1X Neo robot, and a large collection of simulation benchmarks. N1 achieves up to +30% boost in diverse manipulation tasks for household and industrial settings. While humanoid robots are the main focus of N1, our model also supports cross-embodiment. We finetune it to work on the $110 HuggingFace LeRobot SO100 robot arm! Open robot brain runs on open hardware. Sounds just right. Let’s solve robotics, together, one token at a time. Links to our Whitepaper, Github repo, HuggingFace model, and open dataset page in the thread: 🧵

Excited to announce GR00T N1, the world’s first open foundation model for humanoid robots! We are on a mission to democratize Physical AI. The power of general robot brain, in the palm of your hand - with only 2B parameters, N1 learns from the most diverse physical action dataset ever compiled and punches above its weight: - Real humanoid teleoperation data. - Large-scale simulation data: we are open-sourcing 300K+ trajectories! - Neural trajectories: we apply SOTA video generation models to “hallucinate” new synthetic data that features accurate physics in pixels. Using Jensen’s words, “systematically infinite data”! - Latent actions: we develop novel algorithms to extract action tokens from in-the-wild human videos and neural generated videos. GR00T N1 is a single end-to-end neural net, from photons to actions: - Vision-Language Model (System 2) that interprets the physical world through vision and language instructions, enabling robots to reason about their environment and instructions, and plan the right actions. - Diffusion Transformer (System 1) that “renders” smooth and precise motor actions at 120 Hz, executing the latent plan made by System 2. We deploy N1 on GR1 robot, 1X Neo robot, and a large collection of simulation benchmarks. N1 achieves up to +30% boost in diverse manipulation tasks for household and industrial settings. While humanoid robots are the main focus of N1, our model also supports cross-embodiment. We finetune it to work on the $110 HuggingFace LeRobot SO100 robot arm! Open robot brain runs on open hardware. Sounds just right. Let’s solve robotics, together, one token at a time. Links to our Whitepaper, Github repo, HuggingFace model, and open dataset page in the thread: 🧵

Jim Fan

466,814 views • 1 year ago

This is THE moment of Physical AI! We are officially announcing Cosmos 3: Omnimodal World Models for Physical AI 🚀 - Cosmos 3 is an omnimodal world model: within a unified architecture, it can understand and generate language, images, video, audio, and actions. - It is not just a VLM, not just a video generator, not just an audio-visual generative model, and not just a physics simulator / world-action model. It can understand images and videos, generate images, videos, and audio, simulate future worlds, predict actions, and generate robot policies—enabling models to truly begin to “touch the world.” - Cosmos 3 is the #1 open-weight reasoner / T2I / I2V / robot policy across many benchmarks. Huge thanks to every teammate who fought side by side on this journey—from architecture, data, training, infra, serving, and evaluation to post-training. Every part of this project carries an incredible amount of hard work. This was my first time leading a project as Tech Lead, and I feel truly fortunate. The future of Physical AI needs models that can not only “see” and “describe” the world, but also “imagine,” “simulate,” and “act”—and eventually close the loop with the real world. I hope Cosmos 3 can become an important starting point for this direction, and I’m excited to push Physical AI into its next stage together with the open-source community. Welcome to the era of Physical AI. HuggingFace: Project Website: Code:

This is THE moment of Physical AI! We are officially announcing Cosmos 3: Omnimodal World Models for Physical AI 🚀 - Cosmos 3 is an omnimodal world model: within a unified architecture, it can understand and generate language, images, video, audio, and actions. - It is not just a VLM, not just a video generator, not just an audio-visual generative model, and not just a physics simulator / world-action model. It can understand images and videos, generate images, videos, and audio, simulate future worlds, predict actions, and generate robot policies—enabling models to truly begin to “touch the world.” - Cosmos 3 is the #1 open-weight reasoner / T2I / I2V / robot policy across many benchmarks. Huge thanks to every teammate who fought side by side on this journey—from architecture, data, training, infra, serving, and evaluation to post-training. Every part of this project carries an incredible amount of hard work. This was my first time leading a project as Tech Lead, and I feel truly fortunate. The future of Physical AI needs models that can not only “see” and “describe” the world, but also “imagine,” “simulate,” and “act”—and eventually close the loop with the real world. I hope Cosmos 3 can become an important starting point for this direction, and I’m excited to push Physical AI into its next stage together with the open-source community. Welcome to the era of Physical AI. HuggingFace: Project Website: Code:

Max Zhaoshuo Li 李赵硕

1,078,418 views • 3 months ago

Google DeepMind just dropped 'Genie', an AI that can generate interactive video games. This is a huge deal. Genie is trained on 200,000 hours of unsupervised public internet gaming videos and can generate video games from a single prompt or image. But here's what's insane: Despite not being trained on action or text annotations, the foundation model can determine who the main character is and enable a user to control that character in the generated world. It does this through its Latent Action Model, Video Tokenizer, and Dynamics Model (will go more in-depth on this in tomorrow's newsletter for those interested). And for those asking, yes, it's research-only and not publicly available (here come the Google memes), and it does come with some limitations, like only currently creating games at 1FPS. But this is the worst AI will ever be. Anyone will be able to create their own entirely imagined virtual worlds soon, and that's a wild sentence to say out loud.

Google DeepMind just dropped 'Genie', an AI that can generate interactive video games. This is a huge deal. Genie is trained on 200,000 hours of unsupervised public internet gaming videos and can generate video games from a single prompt or image. But here's what's insane: Despite not being trained on action or text annotations, the foundation model can determine who the main character is and enable a user to control that character in the generated world. It does this through its Latent Action Model, Video Tokenizer, and Dynamics Model (will go more in-depth on this in tomorrow's newsletter for those interested). And for those asking, yes, it's research-only and not publicly available (here come the Google memes), and it does come with some limitations, like only currently creating games at 1FPS. But this is the worst AI will ever be. Anyone will be able to create their own entirely imagined virtual worlds soon, and that's a wild sentence to say out loud.

Rowan Cheung

3,377,539 views • 2 years ago

JUST IN: Dyna Robotics just published one of the most important research papers in robotics this year. It could fundamentally change how robot foundation models are trained. A scaling law that transfers from human video to robot performance. Dyna-2 is out and it's 🔥 Here's what that means in plain terms. Dyna-2 was pre-trained on ONE MILLION hours of egocentric human video, 170 years of continuous human experience, cooking, folding, assembling, cleaning. And as that human data scaled, robot performance improved. Predictably. Monotonically. Across 39 tasks on two different robot embodiments the model had never seen. → 1,000 hours pre-training → 20% normalised task performance → 10,000 hours → 28% → 100,000 hours → 45% → 1,000,000 hours → 53% Human video exists at effectively unlimited scale. Every cook, every factory worker, every craftsperson wearing a camera is generating training data for future robots. But the finding that stunned even the researchers, world modeling is what makes the transfer work. A model trained to predict future video AND actions massively outperforms one trained on actions alone. Video is the new scaling axis for robotics. One more jaw-dropping data point. 13 minutes of teleoperation data was enough to fine-tune Dyna-2 to open a bottle cap using two five-fingered robot hands. The robots are coming, and they're learning from us directly :D Read more here: Congrats Jason Ma and team! ~~ ♻️ Join the weekly robotics newsletter, and never miss any news →

JUST IN: Dyna Robotics just published one of the most important research papers in robotics this year. It could fundamentally change how robot foundation models are trained. A scaling law that transfers from human video to robot performance. Dyna-2 is out and it's 🔥 Here's what that means in plain terms. Dyna-2 was pre-trained on ONE MILLION hours of egocentric human video, 170 years of continuous human experience, cooking, folding, assembling, cleaning. And as that human data scaled, robot performance improved. Predictably. Monotonically. Across 39 tasks on two different robot embodiments the model had never seen. → 1,000 hours pre-training → 20% normalised task performance → 10,000 hours → 28% → 100,000 hours → 45% → 1,000,000 hours → 53% Human video exists at effectively unlimited scale. Every cook, every factory worker, every craftsperson wearing a camera is generating training data for future robots. But the finding that stunned even the researchers, world modeling is what makes the transfer work. A model trained to predict future video AND actions massively outperforms one trained on actions alone. Video is the new scaling axis for robotics. One more jaw-dropping data point. 13 minutes of teleoperation data was enough to fine-tune Dyna-2 to open a bottle cap using two five-fingered robot hands. The robots are coming, and they're learning from us directly :D Read more here: Congrats Jason Ma and team! ~~ ♻️ Join the weekly robotics newsletter, and never miss any news →

Lukas Ziegler

23,556 views • 20 days ago

For decades, we’ve dreamed of robots that can seamlessly step into our world and lend a hand. Today, we take a major stride toward making that dream a reality: Introducing Gemini Robotics 2 from Google DeepMind, the intelligence layer powering the next generation of truly adaptable robots. This major advance unlocks intelligent whole-body control, advanced dexterity, and even multi-robot collaboration 🤯. Ok but... how does a robot actually "think"? Real-world tasks take time and planning. To manage that complexity, our new embodied reasoning model, Gemini Robotics ER 2, acts as the robot’s high-level brain, enhancing the robot’s capabilities to: — Observe the environment — Reason about the actions needed to complete the task — Coordinate with the vision-language-action model to carry out actions — Track progress until the job is done This setup allows robots to execute complex multi-step workflows, self-correct if a step fails, and adapt to completely novel situations. Learn more about Gemini Robotics ER 2 (and our two other brand new models) here:

Google AI

726,841 views • 1 month ago

Breaking news: Cosmos 3 is here. They are attempting to do something completely new 🤯 Why is Physical AI much harder than building a chatbot? Understanding the world is not enough, robots need to predict it and act inside it. That's the idea behind NVIDIA Cosmos 3: → Reasoning model understands what's happening from video, images, text, and actions. → World model generates future states of the environment. → Action model generates the actions needed to achieve a goal. Previous systems often stitched these capabilities together using separate models. Cosmos 3 combines them into a single architecture with two components: ▪️ Reasoner Tower Analyzes observations and builds an understanding of objects, motion, interactions, and physical context. ▪️ Generator Tower Uses that understanding to generate future videos and action sequences that obey physical constraints. So Cosmos 3 moves from: Perception → Model A Prediction → Model B Actions → Model C to: Perception + Prediction + Actions → One unified system. The goal is to make robots, autonomous vehicles, and smart environments better at answering three questions: 1. What is happening? 2. What will happen next? 3. What should I do? That's a big shift from today's AI, which mostly focuses on generating text. And check the benchmarks! Physical AI needs to generate decisions that survive contact with the real world. 🚗🤖

Breaking news: Cosmos 3 is here. They are attempting to do something completely new 🤯 Why is Physical AI much harder than building a chatbot? Understanding the world is not enough, robots need to predict it and act inside it. That's the idea behind NVIDIA Cosmos 3: → Reasoning model understands what's happening from video, images, text, and actions. → World model generates future states of the environment. → Action model generates the actions needed to achieve a goal. Previous systems often stitched these capabilities together using separate models. Cosmos 3 combines them into a single architecture with two components: ▪️ Reasoner Tower Analyzes observations and builds an understanding of objects, motion, interactions, and physical context. ▪️ Generator Tower Uses that understanding to generate future videos and action sequences that obey physical constraints. So Cosmos 3 moves from: Perception → Model A Prediction → Model B Actions → Model C to: Perception + Prediction + Actions → One unified system. The goal is to make robots, autonomous vehicles, and smart environments better at answering three questions: 1. What is happening? 2. What will happen next? 3. What should I do? That's a big shift from today's AI, which mostly focuses on generating text. And check the benchmarks! Physical AI needs to generate decisions that survive contact with the real world. 🚗🤖

Turing Post

13,836 views • 3 months ago

X Square Robot Unveils New Embodied AI Model, Says Robots Will Arrive in Homes in 35 Days Backed by Alibaba, ByteDance, Xiaomi and Meituan, X Square Robot unveiled a next-generation embodied AI foundation model for home robots and said its first deployments in everyday households will begin within 35 days. X Square Robot on Tuesday unveiled WALL-B, a new embodied AI foundation model designed for deployment in real-world homes, marking what the company described as a major step toward bringing general-purpose robots into daily family life. At a launch event themed "Born to Bot, Bot to Family," the company also introduced its World Unified Model (WUM) architecture, a training framework that combines vision, language, action and physical prediction within a single system from the outset. X Square said the model is intended to help robots operate in the far more unpredictable setting of a home, where tasks, layouts and interactions vary from moment to moment. "Robots in factories and in homes are completely different. In factories, they repeat the same action 10,000 times without variation. In a home, however, they need to perform 10,000 different actions, each unique and non-repetitive. Therefore, the challenge of a truly intelligent robot lies not in repeating a single action, but in the ability to execute new, untrained movements within unstructured environments. Deploying robots in the home is one of the most significant technical hurdles of our time," said Qian Wang, founder and CEO of X Square Robot. WALL-B is the first real-world implementation of the World Unified Model architecture. Unlike modular systems that train perception, language and control separately, X Square Robot said World Unified Model optimizes those capabilities jointly from the very beginning. The company said that allows physical prediction — including force, friction and collision dynamics — to emerge as part of the model itself, rather than being layered on afterward. "We train all capabilities—vision, language, action, and prediction—within the same network from day one. Much like infants, who do not learn to see, move and speak in isolated, sequential stages, but instead see, move listen and act simultaneously while receiving feedback, we have integrated all these capabilities into a unified whole," said Wang Hao, CTO of X Square. X Square Robot said the development of WALL-B rests on two pillars. The first is a data strategy that prioritizes training on authentic, non-staged home environments to cover the “long-tail” distribution of real-world scenarios, such as misplaced objects and temporary occlusions. Unlike models primarily trained on synthetic data or laboratory datasets, this strategy exposes WALL-B to the natural clutter of lived-in spaces—misplaced items, unexpected obstacles, and spontaneous human activity—ensuring that the training data reflects real-world conditions rather than a simplified version. The second is a physics-aware predictive mechanism that anticipates physical outcomes before an action is taken, enabling the model to respond to contact dynamics instead of just reacting. The development of the self-developed WUM architecture on physical robotic platforms highlights the company’s accumlated experience in bridging sim-to-real gaps across varied operational contexts. Wang commented that the current AI model is still in an "intern" stage, subject to errors requiring remote assistance. For instance, it may mistakenly place slippers in the kitchen or pause while wiping a table to "think". However, the model operates nonstop 24 hours a day, becoming increasingly "intelligent" as each day of operation generates new data. In 35 days, on May 25, X Square Robot will officially bring its robots into everyday homes, underscoring the company’s long-term commitment to the home robotics sector.

X Square Robot Unveils New Embodied AI Model, Says Robots Will Arrive in Homes in 35 Days Backed by Alibaba, ByteDance, Xiaomi and Meituan, X Square Robot unveiled a next-generation embodied AI foundation model for home robots and said its first deployments in everyday households will begin within 35 days. X Square Robot on Tuesday unveiled WALL-B, a new embodied AI foundation model designed for deployment in real-world homes, marking what the company described as a major step toward bringing general-purpose robots into daily family life. At a launch event themed "Born to Bot, Bot to Family," the company also introduced its World Unified Model (WUM) architecture, a training framework that combines vision, language, action and physical prediction within a single system from the outset. X Square said the model is intended to help robots operate in the far more unpredictable setting of a home, where tasks, layouts and interactions vary from moment to moment. "Robots in factories and in homes are completely different. In factories, they repeat the same action 10,000 times without variation. In a home, however, they need to perform 10,000 different actions, each unique and non-repetitive. Therefore, the challenge of a truly intelligent robot lies not in repeating a single action, but in the ability to execute new, untrained movements within unstructured environments. Deploying robots in the home is one of the most significant technical hurdles of our time," said Qian Wang, founder and CEO of X Square Robot. WALL-B is the first real-world implementation of the World Unified Model architecture. Unlike modular systems that train perception, language and control separately, X Square Robot said World Unified Model optimizes those capabilities jointly from the very beginning. The company said that allows physical prediction — including force, friction and collision dynamics — to emerge as part of the model itself, rather than being layered on afterward. "We train all capabilities—vision, language, action, and prediction—within the same network from day one. Much like infants, who do not learn to see, move and speak in isolated, sequential stages, but instead see, move listen and act simultaneously while receiving feedback, we have integrated all these capabilities into a unified whole," said Wang Hao, CTO of X Square. X Square Robot said the development of WALL-B rests on two pillars. The first is a data strategy that prioritizes training on authentic, non-staged home environments to cover the “long-tail” distribution of real-world scenarios, such as misplaced objects and temporary occlusions. Unlike models primarily trained on synthetic data or laboratory datasets, this strategy exposes WALL-B to the natural clutter of lived-in spaces—misplaced items, unexpected obstacles, and spontaneous human activity—ensuring that the training data reflects real-world conditions rather than a simplified version. The second is a physics-aware predictive mechanism that anticipates physical outcomes before an action is taken, enabling the model to respond to contact dynamics instead of just reacting. The development of the self-developed WUM architecture on physical robotic platforms highlights the company’s accumlated experience in bridging sim-to-real gaps across varied operational contexts. Wang commented that the current AI model is still in an "intern" stage, subject to errors requiring remote assistance. For instance, it may mistakenly place slippers in the kitchen or pause while wiping a table to "think". However, the model operates nonstop 24 hours a day, becoming increasingly "intelligent" as each day of operation generates new data. In 35 days, on May 25, X Square Robot will officially bring its robots into everyday homes, underscoring the company’s long-term commitment to the home robotics sector.

X Square Robot

52,968 views • 4 months ago