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What seemed like an intractable problem is now possible: To design proteins with a specified nonlinear mechanical response, capturing complex folding and unfolding mechanisms in singe and few-shot computations. We present ForceGen, an end-to-end algorithm for de novo protein generation based on nonlinear mechanical unfolding responses. Rooted in the...

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Markus J. Buehler

20,498 subscribers

47,242 views • 2 years ago •via X (Twitter)

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The Guy's profile picture
The Guy2 years ago

I can imagine someone setting out with a dictionary of all the major cancer causing mutations to find the protein changes they lead to then reverse engineering a "fixer" protein that either marks those cells for destruction or repairs the malfunctioning protein.

Ella Marushchenko's profile picture
Ella Marushchenko2 years ago

@tamjeeds Congratulations on this fascinating breakthrough! Could ForceGen fast-track the development of self-repairing biomaterials?

Sohm Music's profile picture
Sohm Music2 years ago

This absolutely has to take the cake, best discovery of the year so far!

Markus Rauhalahti's profile picture
Markus Rauhalahti2 years ago

Beautiful work! Huge fan of your/group's curiosity towards frameworks and methods, from category theory to the recent LLM explorations. Looking forward to reading this properly and testing it out, thanks for sharing the code and weights!

Markus J. Buehler's profile picture
Markus J. Buehler2 years ago

Thank you @MRauhalahti !

Gioele Zardini's profile picture
Gioele Zardini2 years ago

This is amazing Markus, looking forward to discovering more!

Brian Timko Laboratory's profile picture
Brian Timko Laboratory2 years ago

@KaplanLab_Tufts Very cool!

Jugal's profile picture
Jugal2 years ago

Congratulations!!

Jason Liu's profile picture
Jason Liu2 years ago

Congrats! This looks super cool! Did you mean 'single' in "...mechanisms in singe and few-shot computations..." (paragraph 1)?

Ⓜⓐⓡⓖⓘⓝ ⓒⓐⓛⓛ's profile picture
Ⓜⓐⓡⓖⓘⓝ ⓒⓐⓛⓛ2 years ago

Nice work, similar to AFM.

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89,620 views • 3 months ago

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Humanspective

15,413 views • 10 months ago

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Konstantine Buhler

13,014 views • 9 months ago

#NewPaper The first microscope, invented in the 16th century, was designed to unlock the secrets of the microscopic world. Today, as many fields become increasingly data-driven, there is a pressing need for new types of microscopes---tools that help us zoom in, explore, and understand complex data. We call these tools "algorithmic microscopes." Introducing the Vendiscope: The first algorithmic microscope for data collections. 🔬 The Vendiscope maximizes the probability-weighted Vendi Score of a dataset to assign a weight to each element in the collection. This weight represents a data point's contribution to the overall diversity of the collection. These weights enable high-resolution data analysis at scale. We use them to zoom in on datasets across three domains: biology, materials science, & AI. 🧬 Biology: We used the Vendiscope on the protein universe, which contains nearly 250 million proteins. We found that nearly 200 million of the proteins are near-duplicates of each other and that AlphaFold fails on proteins that contribute most to the diversity of the protein universe. (See GIF below). 🪜 Materials Science: We used the Vendiscope on the Materials Project database, which contains 170K materials as of today. We found that 85% of crystals with formation energy data are near-duplicates of each other and that ML models for materials property prediction struggle with materials that contribute most to diversity. 🤖 Artificial Intelligence: We applied the Vendiscope to CIFAR-10, a benchmark dataset containing 50K images. We found duplicates. We applied the Vendiscope to analyze state-of-the-art generative models trained on this dataset. We found the best generative models memorize training data, as is known in the AI literature. However, we can do more with the Vendiscope and characterize the type of samples that get memorized. We found that data points contributing least to diversity are more prone to memorization by these generative models. 🧠 "Our findings demonstrate that the Vendiscope can serve as a powerful tool for data-driven science, providing a systematic and scalable way to identify duplicates and outliers, as well as pinpointing samples prone to memorization and those that models may struggle to predict---even before training." 💫 "The Vendiscope provides a unified framework for analyzing complex data at scale. Researchers, engineers, and data auditors can use the Vendiscope to audit datasets, identify potential biases, and refine data collection practices. For AI ethicists, the Vendiscope offers a critical lens to understand how models interact with data, particularly in the context of bias, memorization, and data fairness, enabling better mitigation strategies to prevent undesirable outcomes in AI deployment. For scientists, the Vendiscope represents a new companion in the discovery process." #VendiScoring #AlgorithmicMicroscopy Link to paper: Authors: Amey Pasarkar (Amey Pasarkar) and Adji Bousso Dieng (@adjiboussodieng)
0:30

#NewPaper The first microscope, invented in the 16th century, was designed to unlock the secrets of the microscopic world. Today, as many fields become increasingly data-driven, there is a pressing need for new types of microscopes---tools that help us zoom in, explore, and understand complex data. We call these tools "algorithmic microscopes." Introducing the Vendiscope: The first algorithmic microscope for data collections. 🔬 The Vendiscope maximizes the probability-weighted Vendi Score of a dataset to assign a weight to each element in the collection. This weight represents a data point's contribution to the overall diversity of the collection. These weights enable high-resolution data analysis at scale. We use them to zoom in on datasets across three domains: biology, materials science, & AI. 🧬 Biology: We used the Vendiscope on the protein universe, which contains nearly 250 million proteins. We found that nearly 200 million of the proteins are near-duplicates of each other and that AlphaFold fails on proteins that contribute most to the diversity of the protein universe. (See GIF below). 🪜 Materials Science: We used the Vendiscope on the Materials Project database, which contains 170K materials as of today. We found that 85% of crystals with formation energy data are near-duplicates of each other and that ML models for materials property prediction struggle with materials that contribute most to diversity. 🤖 Artificial Intelligence: We applied the Vendiscope to CIFAR-10, a benchmark dataset containing 50K images. We found duplicates. We applied the Vendiscope to analyze state-of-the-art generative models trained on this dataset. We found the best generative models memorize training data, as is known in the AI literature. However, we can do more with the Vendiscope and characterize the type of samples that get memorized. We found that data points contributing least to diversity are more prone to memorization by these generative models. 🧠 "Our findings demonstrate that the Vendiscope can serve as a powerful tool for data-driven science, providing a systematic and scalable way to identify duplicates and outliers, as well as pinpointing samples prone to memorization and those that models may struggle to predict---even before training." 💫 "The Vendiscope provides a unified framework for analyzing complex data at scale. Researchers, engineers, and data auditors can use the Vendiscope to audit datasets, identify potential biases, and refine data collection practices. For AI ethicists, the Vendiscope offers a critical lens to understand how models interact with data, particularly in the context of bias, memorization, and data fairness, enabling better mitigation strategies to prevent undesirable outcomes in AI deployment. For scientists, the Vendiscope represents a new companion in the discovery process." #VendiScoring #AlgorithmicMicroscopy Link to paper: Authors: Amey Pasarkar (Amey Pasarkar) and Adji Bousso Dieng (@adjiboussodieng)

Vertaix® (AI & Science)

34,762 views • 1 year ago

"The industry has been plagued with the problem, that these formulations are toxic". NEW World Premiere. "Inside mRNA Vaccines". Robert Malone MD addresses the technology underpinning every single "safe and effective" mRNA injection. Pseudouridine. It was given a Nobel Prize, before a peer reviewed paper from Cambridge found strange proteins in the blood of vaccinated people and "no one knows what those proteins are doing". Professor Robert Clancy said of the same Cambridge research in another separate interview: "the Nobel Prize in 2023 was given to two people for putting pseudouridine in a messenger RNA, to make it work better" "Within three months, a group in Cambridge found that 20% of readouts, and about 10% of people, had strange proteins circulating in their bodies, some of which have the capacity to form amyloid, which can cause dementia [and] they found this within weeks and months of people being vaccinated" "They worked out that the mechanism was because the pseudouridine [was producing]—instead of a spike protein—something completely strange and different" "No one knows what those proteins are doing"
2:39

"The industry has been plagued with the problem, that these formulations are toxic". NEW World Premiere. "Inside mRNA Vaccines". Robert Malone MD addresses the technology underpinning every single "safe and effective" mRNA injection. Pseudouridine. It was given a Nobel Prize, before a peer reviewed paper from Cambridge found strange proteins in the blood of vaccinated people and "no one knows what those proteins are doing". Professor Robert Clancy said of the same Cambridge research in another separate interview: "the Nobel Prize in 2023 was given to two people for putting pseudouridine in a messenger RNA, to make it work better" "Within three months, a group in Cambridge found that 20% of readouts, and about 10% of people, had strange proteins circulating in their bodies, some of which have the capacity to form amyloid, which can cause dementia [and] they found this within weeks and months of people being vaccinated" "They worked out that the mechanism was because the pseudouridine [was producing]—instead of a spike protein—something completely strange and different" "No one knows what those proteins are doing"

Humanspective

10,202 views • 11 months ago

This is concerning on so many levels: "No one knows what those proteins are doing" Professor Robert Clancy: "the Nobel Prize in 2023 was given to two people for putting pseudouridine in a messenger RNA [but the] pseudouridine [was producing]—instead of a spike protein—something completely strange and different" That Nobel Prize in 2023 meets a peer reviewed study from Cambridge, which might have outlined a mechanism behind why embalmers are seeing the "strange rubbery clots" in the deceased. AND, the Yale evidence of persistent spike production of 709 x days, however that's happening, gives a cautionary but plausible amyloidogenic mechanism for abnormal proteins to be produced both acutely and for extended periods. Professor Robert Clancy: "the Nobel Prize in 2023 was given to two people for putting pseudouridine in a messenger RNA, to make it work better" "Within three months, a group in Cambridge found that 20% of readouts, and about 10% of people, had strange proteins circulating in their bodies, some of which have the capacity to form amyloid, which can cause dementia [and] they found this within weeks and months of people being vaccinated" "They worked out that the mechanism was because the pseudouridine [was producing]—instead of a spike protein—something completely strange and different"
3:04

This is concerning on so many levels: "No one knows what those proteins are doing" Professor Robert Clancy: "the Nobel Prize in 2023 was given to two people for putting pseudouridine in a messenger RNA [but the] pseudouridine [was producing]—instead of a spike protein—something completely strange and different" That Nobel Prize in 2023 meets a peer reviewed study from Cambridge, which might have outlined a mechanism behind why embalmers are seeing the "strange rubbery clots" in the deceased. AND, the Yale evidence of persistent spike production of 709 x days, however that's happening, gives a cautionary but plausible amyloidogenic mechanism for abnormal proteins to be produced both acutely and for extended periods. Professor Robert Clancy: "the Nobel Prize in 2023 was given to two people for putting pseudouridine in a messenger RNA, to make it work better" "Within three months, a group in Cambridge found that 20% of readouts, and about 10% of people, had strange proteins circulating in their bodies, some of which have the capacity to form amyloid, which can cause dementia [and] they found this within weeks and months of people being vaccinated" "They worked out that the mechanism was because the pseudouridine [was producing]—instead of a spike protein—something completely strange and different"

Humanspective

202,591 views • 1 year ago

Creator of C#, Anders Hejlsberg(Anders Hejlsberg), on the design goals that shaped the language and why standardisation was a goal from the beginning: “The overarching thing was this power and productivity of C++ with the ease of use of Visual Basic. We knew we wanted to build an object oriented language. We wanted managed code or byte code so we could target different runtime environments. We wanted garbage collection and exception handling, but also things like a unified object system where, and that's true in C#, anything can be assigned to an object. If it's a value type, we box it. And it's a self-describing object. So, reflection: you can ask an object, ‘what are you’? And you can get all of the facts about it at runtime, and you can dynamically manipulate it in ways that just don't exist in a lot of other environments. We wanted a language that made this new model of properties, methods and events first class because that was how components were built as opposed to just sort of functions and procedures and even objects. And we wanted to create a language that was standardised. We wanted to give this language to a standardisation committee and try to level the playing field there. And all of those things were sort of like what was rolled up in C#”
1:43

Creator of C#, Anders Hejlsberg(Anders Hejlsberg), on the design goals that shaped the language and why standardisation was a goal from the beginning: “The overarching thing was this power and productivity of C++ with the ease of use of Visual Basic. We knew we wanted to build an object oriented language. We wanted managed code or byte code so we could target different runtime environments. We wanted garbage collection and exception handling, but also things like a unified object system where, and that's true in C#, anything can be assigned to an object. If it's a value type, we box it. And it's a self-describing object. So, reflection: you can ask an object, ‘what are you’? And you can get all of the facts about it at runtime, and you can dynamically manipulate it in ways that just don't exist in a lot of other environments. We wanted a language that made this new model of properties, methods and events first class because that was how components were built as opposed to just sort of functions and procedures and even objects. And we wanted to create a language that was standardised. We wanted to give this language to a standardisation committee and try to level the playing field there. And all of those things were sort of like what was rolled up in C#”

The Pragmatic Engineer

18,332 views • 1 month ago

“You can look at sort of broad allergic reactions that take place across an entire society that are linked to the vaccine schedule.” RFK Jr just explained that studies show certain vaccine ingredients have triggered spikes in allergies. “I’ll say one thing about the residual food proteins in vaccines because the science suggests that aluminum alone will not cause allergies… but when it’s combined with a protein, if it’s a latex protein or a dairy protein or a peanut protein, that’s when you get this heightened immune response.” “In the 1990s, there were a lot of anaphylaxis cases suddenly exploding in Japan.” “And they traced it to gelatin in the live virus vaccines and the MMR vaccines and some of the other vaccines they had over there.” “And by 2000, they had removed it all and the anaphylaxis dropped dramatically.” “There's no question about this, there was all kinds of studies done on the Japanese example.”
1:29

“You can look at sort of broad allergic reactions that take place across an entire society that are linked to the vaccine schedule.” RFK Jr just explained that studies show certain vaccine ingredients have triggered spikes in allergies. “I’ll say one thing about the residual food proteins in vaccines because the science suggests that aluminum alone will not cause allergies… but when it’s combined with a protein, if it’s a latex protein or a dairy protein or a peanut protein, that’s when you get this heightened immune response.” “In the 1990s, there were a lot of anaphylaxis cases suddenly exploding in Japan.” “And they traced it to gelatin in the live virus vaccines and the MMR vaccines and some of the other vaccines they had over there.” “And by 2000, they had removed it all and the anaphylaxis dropped dramatically.” “There's no question about this, there was all kinds of studies done on the Japanese example.”

End Tribalism in Politics

21,011 views • 8 months ago

Most people don’t truly understand how mRNA vaccines work. Unlike traditional vaccines, where a factory produces the antigen and injects it into the body, mRNA vaccines turn YOUR OWN CELLS into the factory. Here’s how it works: Inside every one of your cells, there are ribosomes—tiny protein-making machines. Normally, these ribosomes get instructions from your cell’s nucleus (the brain of the cell) to produce proteins that build muscle, fight infections, and keep your body functioning. mRNA vaccines hijack this natural process by delivering a blueprint that instructs your ribosomes to produce a specific protein—like the spike protein of a virus. Your immune system then recognizes this protein as foreign, triggering a defense response and preparing your body to fight off future infections. Why does this matter? 1️⃣ Faster production – No need for external manufacturing of viral proteins, cutting vaccine development time. 2️⃣ Adaptability – The technology can be rapidly adjusted for new viruses and mutations. 3️⃣ No live virus – Unlike traditional vaccines, mRNA vaccines don’t use weakened or dead viruses, reducing risk. But here’s the big question: Are we playing with fire, or is this the future of medicine? We’re bypassing nature’s traditional immune response by directly programming our cells to make viral proteins. Dr. Mink Chawla and I break it all down in this episode. WATCH HERE:
0:48

Most people don’t truly understand how mRNA vaccines work. Unlike traditional vaccines, where a factory produces the antigen and injects it into the body, mRNA vaccines turn YOUR OWN CELLS into the factory. Here’s how it works: Inside every one of your cells, there are ribosomes—tiny protein-making machines. Normally, these ribosomes get instructions from your cell’s nucleus (the brain of the cell) to produce proteins that build muscle, fight infections, and keep your body functioning. mRNA vaccines hijack this natural process by delivering a blueprint that instructs your ribosomes to produce a specific protein—like the spike protein of a virus. Your immune system then recognizes this protein as foreign, triggering a defense response and preparing your body to fight off future infections. Why does this matter? 1️⃣ Faster production – No need for external manufacturing of viral proteins, cutting vaccine development time. 2️⃣ Adaptability – The technology can be rapidly adjusted for new viruses and mutations. 3️⃣ No live virus – Unlike traditional vaccines, mRNA vaccines don’t use weakened or dead viruses, reducing risk. But here’s the big question: Are we playing with fire, or is this the future of medicine? We’re bypassing nature’s traditional immune response by directly programming our cells to make viral proteins. Dr. Mink Chawla and I break it all down in this episode. WATCH HERE:

Gary Brecka

51,737 views • 1 year ago

I do not know who the guy is on the podcast with Raj Shamani, but he is absolutely wrong. There seems to be a section of "health influencers" who fearmonger the public on "dangers of whey protein or protein supplementation." Ammonia production is not a side effect of whey protein metabolism, but is a normal metabolic product of any protein metabolism. Ammonia is natural, generated as a by-product of protein ingestion through the breakdown of amino acids. Of the amino acids, glutamate is the one that has maximal free ammonia generation. In normal healthy persons, excessive ammonia generation is handled by the body and it does not affect brain function. This is done via the "urea cycle" in the liver: In patients with liver disease such as acute liver failure or chronic liver failure, the excess ammonia cannot be cleared out by the weak/failing liver or utilized in the muscles (because of muscle loss in liver patients) and affects brain functioning, leading to a condition called hepatic encephalopathy. This does not happen if you are healthy and taking additional protein. In fact, animal meats are more ammonia generating than plant-based or dairy-based protein and in those chronic liver failure patients with recurrent or persistent ammonia related brain dysfunction, the dietary advise is to limit animal meats and include more or switch to dairy+plant-based protein to keep ammonia generation low. Whey protein and scoops of additional whey protein to target protein requirement is perfectly safe and does not affect brain function or make the person slow like what is discussed in this video. Even advanced cirrhosis patients are supplemented with whey based protein formulations to target additional protein requirements and improve quality of life and immune functions Eg: and I hope we develop a law to deport brain dead misinformation peddling sub-standard "health influencers," like this guy in suit.
0:39

I do not know who the guy is on the podcast with Raj Shamani, but he is absolutely wrong. There seems to be a section of "health influencers" who fearmonger the public on "dangers of whey protein or protein supplementation." Ammonia production is not a side effect of whey protein metabolism, but is a normal metabolic product of any protein metabolism. Ammonia is natural, generated as a by-product of protein ingestion through the breakdown of amino acids. Of the amino acids, glutamate is the one that has maximal free ammonia generation. In normal healthy persons, excessive ammonia generation is handled by the body and it does not affect brain function. This is done via the "urea cycle" in the liver: In patients with liver disease such as acute liver failure or chronic liver failure, the excess ammonia cannot be cleared out by the weak/failing liver or utilized in the muscles (because of muscle loss in liver patients) and affects brain functioning, leading to a condition called hepatic encephalopathy. This does not happen if you are healthy and taking additional protein. In fact, animal meats are more ammonia generating than plant-based or dairy-based protein and in those chronic liver failure patients with recurrent or persistent ammonia related brain dysfunction, the dietary advise is to limit animal meats and include more or switch to dairy+plant-based protein to keep ammonia generation low. Whey protein and scoops of additional whey protein to target protein requirement is perfectly safe and does not affect brain function or make the person slow like what is discussed in this video. Even advanced cirrhosis patients are supplemented with whey based protein formulations to target additional protein requirements and improve quality of life and immune functions Eg: and I hope we develop a law to deport brain dead misinformation peddling sub-standard "health influencers," like this guy in suit.

TheLiverDoc™

241,731 views • 2 years ago

We are excited to share #PDF2Audio, an open-source alternative to the #podcast feature of #NotebookLM with flexibility & tailored outputs that you can precisely control in the app: You can make a podcast, lecture, discussions, short/long form summaries & more, including the use of the amazing🍓o1 model (Sam Altman OpenAI: with stunning results!). Code & HF Space: You can find #PDF2Audio on GitHub for local use or try the Hugging Face space, all featuring Gradio. Link to the repo & HF space in the reply. Thank you @knowsuchagencyfor the great work on #promptic and #pdf2podcast, as well as LiteLLM (YC W23), & AK for helping us with the Hugging Face spaces version. We hope that this tool is useful for the community. Background: Developing audio podcasts, lectures, & summaries from complex documents & data has become an exciting trend with impacts from research to education to business. Our open-source #PDF2Audio tool that allows users to utilize various models such as #o1 or local/open-source models, to develop deep-dives into technical content. Example application - material design analysis: As an example to show what the system can do, check the video for a detailed 13-minute analysis of one of the designs created by #SciAgents merging silk & dandelion pigments, created using 🍓o1. The conversation describes the new material, an integration of silk proteins & luteolin/dandelion pigments to create a new biomaterial. Silk, a natural #nanostructured protein-based fiber known for its strength & flexibility, is combined with dandelion pigments like luteolin, which offer unique optical properties. By merging these components at the nanoscale level, the resulting material displays structural coloration—vibrant, tunable colors created by the material's structure rather than synthetic dyes, and leverages silk's hierarchical organization as a scaffold for the pigments, ensuring uniform distribution and non-covalent bonding at the molecular level. Key technical features include: ➡️Low-temperature processing to maintain the integrity of both silk and pigments while reducing energy consumption by 30%. ➡️Enhanced mechanical properties, with tensile strength up to 1.5 gigapascals. ➡️Potential self-healing capabilities and environmental responsiveness, allowing the material to repair minor damage and change color based on environmental conditions. ➡️UV protection and antimicrobial properties, which make this material ideal for smart textiles, eco-friendly coatings, and medical applications. This development opens new doors for sustainable materials, offering an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic fibers with applications in various industries, from fashion to healthcare.
13:05

We are excited to share #PDF2Audio, an open-source alternative to the #podcast feature of #NotebookLM with flexibility & tailored outputs that you can precisely control in the app: You can make a podcast, lecture, discussions, short/long form summaries & more, including the use of the amazing🍓o1 model (Sam Altman OpenAI: with stunning results!). Code & HF Space: You can find #PDF2Audio on GitHub for local use or try the Hugging Face space, all featuring Gradio. Link to the repo & HF space in the reply. Thank you @knowsuchagencyfor the great work on #promptic and #pdf2podcast, as well as LiteLLM (YC W23), & AK for helping us with the Hugging Face spaces version. We hope that this tool is useful for the community. Background: Developing audio podcasts, lectures, & summaries from complex documents & data has become an exciting trend with impacts from research to education to business. Our open-source #PDF2Audio tool that allows users to utilize various models such as #o1 or local/open-source models, to develop deep-dives into technical content. Example application - material design analysis: As an example to show what the system can do, check the video for a detailed 13-minute analysis of one of the designs created by #SciAgents merging silk & dandelion pigments, created using 🍓o1. The conversation describes the new material, an integration of silk proteins & luteolin/dandelion pigments to create a new biomaterial. Silk, a natural #nanostructured protein-based fiber known for its strength & flexibility, is combined with dandelion pigments like luteolin, which offer unique optical properties. By merging these components at the nanoscale level, the resulting material displays structural coloration—vibrant, tunable colors created by the material's structure rather than synthetic dyes, and leverages silk's hierarchical organization as a scaffold for the pigments, ensuring uniform distribution and non-covalent bonding at the molecular level. Key technical features include: ➡️Low-temperature processing to maintain the integrity of both silk and pigments while reducing energy consumption by 30%. ➡️Enhanced mechanical properties, with tensile strength up to 1.5 gigapascals. ➡️Potential self-healing capabilities and environmental responsiveness, allowing the material to repair minor damage and change color based on environmental conditions. ➡️UV protection and antimicrobial properties, which make this material ideal for smart textiles, eco-friendly coatings, and medical applications. This development opens new doors for sustainable materials, offering an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic fibers with applications in various industries, from fashion to healthcare.

Markus J. Buehler

208,353 views • 1 year ago

It’s embarrassing to watch the TGA tie itself up in knots and contradict itself over the safety of the vaccine. The mRNA vaccine is designed to attack your own cells because the antigen sits on the cell membrane. The T-cell which responds to the vaccine antigen can’t separate your cell from the spike protein. It kills both and the TGA has already admitted as much in the past conceding myocarditis is an autoimmune response. The spike proteins are not rapidly degraded as numerous studies have shown they last in the body for up to 60 days. But more importantly the mRNA is designed to last much longer and produce more proteins. This means the body produces a much larger concentration of the toxic spike protein than what the virus would have delivered. And I quote from one study: “Later studies documented similar effects for 5-methylcytidine and 2-thiouridine and observed that modified mRNAs produced 10- to 100-fold more protein compared with unmodified mRNAs. Recently, N1-methylpseudouridine (m1Ψ), the modification used in the current mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, was found to possess superior characteristics to Ψ; m1Ψ elicited less immunogenicity and increased protein production by more than an order of magnitude relative to Ψ.” And another on the Poly-A tail increases the duration. “Whether for the mRNA vaccine from Pfizer/BioNtech® laboratories or that of Moderna®, the two mRNA sequences end in a Poly(A) tail. The purpose of this addition is to increase the stability of the mRNA in biological medium and also to allow the recruitment of the ribosome, in order to initiate an efficient translation. After translation, the mRNA can be reused several times, but when this happens, it also loses part of the Adenines of its Poly(A) tail, as enzymatic degradation begins there, which only ensures a transient protection against this degradation. When this tail is too degraded, the mRNA is no longer functional and is destroyed. The poly(A) tail stabilizes mRNA and boosts protein translation, and the length of the poly(A) tail is proportional to translation efficiency. It is a critical factor in determining the longevity of mRNA molecules.” Long story short - the TGA continues to lie. Quotes from: #auspol
2:19

It’s embarrassing to watch the TGA tie itself up in knots and contradict itself over the safety of the vaccine. The mRNA vaccine is designed to attack your own cells because the antigen sits on the cell membrane. The T-cell which responds to the vaccine antigen can’t separate your cell from the spike protein. It kills both and the TGA has already admitted as much in the past conceding myocarditis is an autoimmune response. The spike proteins are not rapidly degraded as numerous studies have shown they last in the body for up to 60 days. But more importantly the mRNA is designed to last much longer and produce more proteins. This means the body produces a much larger concentration of the toxic spike protein than what the virus would have delivered. And I quote from one study: “Later studies documented similar effects for 5-methylcytidine and 2-thiouridine and observed that modified mRNAs produced 10- to 100-fold more protein compared with unmodified mRNAs. Recently, N1-methylpseudouridine (m1Ψ), the modification used in the current mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, was found to possess superior characteristics to Ψ; m1Ψ elicited less immunogenicity and increased protein production by more than an order of magnitude relative to Ψ.” And another on the Poly-A tail increases the duration. “Whether for the mRNA vaccine from Pfizer/BioNtech® laboratories or that of Moderna®, the two mRNA sequences end in a Poly(A) tail. The purpose of this addition is to increase the stability of the mRNA in biological medium and also to allow the recruitment of the ribosome, in order to initiate an efficient translation. After translation, the mRNA can be reused several times, but when this happens, it also loses part of the Adenines of its Poly(A) tail, as enzymatic degradation begins there, which only ensures a transient protection against this degradation. When this tail is too degraded, the mRNA is no longer functional and is destroyed. The poly(A) tail stabilizes mRNA and boosts protein translation, and the length of the poly(A) tail is proportional to translation efficiency. It is a critical factor in determining the longevity of mRNA molecules.” Long story short - the TGA continues to lie. Quotes from: #auspol

Gerard Rennick

62,522 views • 1 year ago