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Your every thought, memory, and movement begins here: an electric spark turned chemical message, as one neuron whispers to the next. What you’re seeing This animation captures neurotransmission, the process that allows nerve cells to communicate across microscopic gaps called synapses. When an electrical impulse reaches the end of...

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William A. Wallace, Ph.D.

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125,496 просмотров • 8 месяцев назад •via X (Twitter)

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I've been editing this article about "brain mapping" and connectomics, and I'm just stunned by how quickly the cost estimates to map, say, a mouse brain have plummeted in just the last couple years. It actually seems feasible that we could map the entire human brain -- all 86 billion neurons, and their connections -- in this lifetime. In the 1970s, Sydney Brenner started mapping all the connections between neurons in C. elegans. His team sliced the worm into thin pieces, took photos using an electron microscope, and manually traced and reconstructed each synapse for 302 neurons total. This project took more than a decade of work, and it cost about $16,500 to reconstruct each neuron. Scaling this up to a human brain boggles the mind. Electron microscopy remained the norm in connectomics for decades, because it was the only option available to see synapses at a resolution high enough to be able to trace their paths. Each electron microscope costs several hundreds of thousands of dollars, though, and you need lots of them to map even a mouse brain in a reasonable timeframe. In 2023, the Wellcome Trust released a report estimating how long, and how expensive, it would be to map the mouse connectome (~70M neurons). They estimated that imaging alone would cost $200-300M, and that proofreading (or ensuring that traces between neurons are correct) would cost $7-21 BILLION. (A human can only manually trace about 1 mm of neuron per hour.) Also, the images would occupy about 500 petabytes of data, and getting those data would require 20 electron microscopes running in parallel for about 5 years, continuously. They estimated the whole project would take about 17 years of work. This is, understandably, insane. But now it seems like there's an actual path toward mapping the full mouse brain in about five years for ~$100M dollars. There have been three major breakthroughs in the last year or so: 1/ Expansion microscopy, first developed in 2015, showed that it's possible to "enlarge" the brain by about 5x using a swellable polymer. But an improved method increases this number to >20x expansion, meaning we can now expand brains and image neurons much more easily using cheap light microscopes, rather than expensive electron ones. 2/ E11 Bio (a nonprofit research org) developed protein barcodes that get delivered into brain tissue; each neuron gets a unique combination of barcodes. These cells are then stained with colorful antibodies, which stick to a matching protein barcode, causing each neuron to light up in a distinct color. This makes tracing neurons so much easier. 3/ Google Research released PATHFINDER this May, an AI-based neuron tracing tool that can proofread about 67,200 cubic microns of brain tissue per hour, with very high accuracy. It works on electron micrographs, but something similar could be presumably be developed for the E11 / colorful tag approach. This is an extremely exciting time for neuroscience. (C. elegans connectome below.)
0:12

I've been editing this article about "brain mapping" and connectomics, and I'm just stunned by how quickly the cost estimates to map, say, a mouse brain have plummeted in just the last couple years. It actually seems feasible that we could map the entire human brain -- all 86 billion neurons, and their connections -- in this lifetime. In the 1970s, Sydney Brenner started mapping all the connections between neurons in C. elegans. His team sliced the worm into thin pieces, took photos using an electron microscope, and manually traced and reconstructed each synapse for 302 neurons total. This project took more than a decade of work, and it cost about $16,500 to reconstruct each neuron. Scaling this up to a human brain boggles the mind. Electron microscopy remained the norm in connectomics for decades, because it was the only option available to see synapses at a resolution high enough to be able to trace their paths. Each electron microscope costs several hundreds of thousands of dollars, though, and you need lots of them to map even a mouse brain in a reasonable timeframe. In 2023, the Wellcome Trust released a report estimating how long, and how expensive, it would be to map the mouse connectome (~70M neurons). They estimated that imaging alone would cost $200-300M, and that proofreading (or ensuring that traces between neurons are correct) would cost $7-21 BILLION. (A human can only manually trace about 1 mm of neuron per hour.) Also, the images would occupy about 500 petabytes of data, and getting those data would require 20 electron microscopes running in parallel for about 5 years, continuously. They estimated the whole project would take about 17 years of work. This is, understandably, insane. But now it seems like there's an actual path toward mapping the full mouse brain in about five years for ~$100M dollars. There have been three major breakthroughs in the last year or so: 1/ Expansion microscopy, first developed in 2015, showed that it's possible to "enlarge" the brain by about 5x using a swellable polymer. But an improved method increases this number to >20x expansion, meaning we can now expand brains and image neurons much more easily using cheap light microscopes, rather than expensive electron ones. 2/ E11 Bio (a nonprofit research org) developed protein barcodes that get delivered into brain tissue; each neuron gets a unique combination of barcodes. These cells are then stained with colorful antibodies, which stick to a matching protein barcode, causing each neuron to light up in a distinct color. This makes tracing neurons so much easier. 3/ Google Research released PATHFINDER this May, an AI-based neuron tracing tool that can proofread about 67,200 cubic microns of brain tissue per hour, with very high accuracy. It works on electron micrographs, but something similar could be presumably be developed for the E11 / colorful tag approach. This is an extremely exciting time for neuroscience. (C. elegans connectome below.)

Niko McCarty.

66,819 просмотров • 7 месяцев назад

E11 Bio is excited to unveil PRISM technology for mapping brain wiring with simple light microscopes. Today, brain mapping in humans and other mammals is bottlenecked by accurate neuron tracing. PRISM uses molecular ID codes and AI to help neurons trace themselves. We discovered a new cell barcoding approach exceeding comparable methods by more than 750x. This is the heart of PRISM. We integrated this capability with microscopy and AI image analysis to automatically trace neurons at high resolution and annotate them with molecular features. This is a key advance towards economically viable brain mapping - 95% of costs stem from neuron tracing. It is also an important step towards democratizing neuron tracing for everyday neuroscience. Solving these problems is critical for curing brain disorders, building safer and human-like AI, and even simulating brain function. In our first pilot study, we acquired a unique dataset in mouse hippocampus. Barcodes improved the accuracy of tracing genetically labelled neurons by 8x – with a clear path to 100x or more. They also permit tracing across spatial gaps – essential for mitigating tissue section loss in whole-brain scaling. Using molecular annotation, we uncover an intriguing feature of synaptic organization, demonstrating how PRISM can be used for systematic discovery 🧵
0:11

E11 Bio is excited to unveil PRISM technology for mapping brain wiring with simple light microscopes. Today, brain mapping in humans and other mammals is bottlenecked by accurate neuron tracing. PRISM uses molecular ID codes and AI to help neurons trace themselves. We discovered a new cell barcoding approach exceeding comparable methods by more than 750x. This is the heart of PRISM. We integrated this capability with microscopy and AI image analysis to automatically trace neurons at high resolution and annotate them with molecular features. This is a key advance towards economically viable brain mapping - 95% of costs stem from neuron tracing. It is also an important step towards democratizing neuron tracing for everyday neuroscience. Solving these problems is critical for curing brain disorders, building safer and human-like AI, and even simulating brain function. In our first pilot study, we acquired a unique dataset in mouse hippocampus. Barcodes improved the accuracy of tracing genetically labelled neurons by 8x – with a clear path to 100x or more. They also permit tracing across spatial gaps – essential for mitigating tissue section loss in whole-brain scaling. Using molecular annotation, we uncover an intriguing feature of synaptic organization, demonstrating how PRISM can be used for systematic discovery 🧵

Andrew Payne

112,234 просмотров • 9 месяцев назад

One cell. Two new beginnings. Before a cell divides, it first copies its DNA. Then, during mitosis, the chromosomes condense, align at the cell's center, separate toward opposite sides, and form two new nuclei. Finally, cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm, producing two genetically identical daughter cells. This microscopic process allows your body to grow, repair damaged tissue, and replace old cells, millions of times every day. Life continues because cells know when it is time to become two.
0:15

One cell. Two new beginnings. Before a cell divides, it first copies its DNA. Then, during mitosis, the chromosomes condense, align at the cell's center, separate toward opposite sides, and form two new nuclei. Finally, cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm, producing two genetically identical daughter cells. This microscopic process allows your body to grow, repair damaged tissue, and replace old cells, millions of times every day. Life continues because cells know when it is time to become two.

Kekius Maximus

21,514 просмотров • 17 дней назад

Plants don’t have nerves. But when they’re injured, they send an electrical “SOS” that looks very familiar. When a leaf is cut or bitten, glutamate (the same amino acid that acts as a neurotransmitter in humans) spills out of the damaged cells. In plants, that glutamate flips on a series of glutamate-gated receptors, triggering a rapid calcium wave that races through the stem and leaves. It’s not pain. It’s not consciousness. But it is a long-distance danger signal. And what happens next is biology at its best: • Distant leaves ramp up their defenses • Genes for protection and repair switch on • Chemical pathways shift to heal tissue and deter future damage Humans use glutamate to communicate between neurons. Plants use it to communicate between cells and tissues. Two completely different systems, one molecule playing messenger in both. A reminder that living things often solve survival problems using the same biochemical tools… even when evolution sends them down very different paths. From: Gatsby Plant Science Education Program
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Plants don’t have nerves. But when they’re injured, they send an electrical “SOS” that looks very familiar. When a leaf is cut or bitten, glutamate (the same amino acid that acts as a neurotransmitter in humans) spills out of the damaged cells. In plants, that glutamate flips on a series of glutamate-gated receptors, triggering a rapid calcium wave that races through the stem and leaves. It’s not pain. It’s not consciousness. But it is a long-distance danger signal. And what happens next is biology at its best: • Distant leaves ramp up their defenses • Genes for protection and repair switch on • Chemical pathways shift to heal tissue and deter future damage Humans use glutamate to communicate between neurons. Plants use it to communicate between cells and tissues. Two completely different systems, one molecule playing messenger in both. A reminder that living things often solve survival problems using the same biochemical tools… even when evolution sends them down very different paths. From: Gatsby Plant Science Education Program

William A. Wallace, Ph.D.

49,974 просмотров • 8 месяцев назад

A single E. coli cell, placed on a dish, will become 70 billion cells in just 12 hours. That’s exponential growth. But a new preprint shows that it's possible to engineer E. coli to grow linearly instead, where only one daughter cell continues dividing and the other stops. First, some context. In nature, there is a bacterium called Mycobacterium smegmatis (initially discovered in 1884 in ulcers scraped from syphilis patients.) M. smegmatis is weird because it divides asymmetrically. These cells grow only from one end, and all their cell wall biosynthesis machinery is located on that one end. So when the cell divides, one daughter gets this machinery and the other gets nothing. The daughter that gets the machinery can keep dividing immediately, but the other daughter has to remake all that machinery from scratch, so its growth is delayed. E. coli doesn’t grow like this. When it divides, it pinches in the middle and splits everything evenly. Enzymes, metabolites, and proteins get partitioned more or less randomly between the two daughters. For the new preprint, though, researchers engineered E. coli to behave more like M. smegmatis. Here is how they did it: First, they deleted a gene called cyaA, which encodes an enzyme (adenylate cyclase) that makes a molecule called cAMP. cAMP is SUPER IMPORTANT! It is a nutrient sensor that instructs E. coli to switch on genes that help it digest non-glucose carbon sources when glucose is scarce. Without cAMP, E. coli cells growing on alternative carbon sources will starve; they won’t know how to eat the food. Next, they added back a “split” version of the cyaA gene into the cells. In other words, they split the gene in two so that each half of the enzyme is made separately. Cells can only make cAMP, and thus eat non-glucose carbon sources, if these two halves come together. To facilitate that “coming together,” the researchers also fused the split cyaA proteins to sticky proteins that clump together, and to a fluorescent protein (to make it easy to track these molecules in the cell.) So now some interesting things start to happen if you grow E. coli on a growth medium lacking glucose. As the cell grows, its cyaA “halves” start clumping together into a giant ball. Inside the aggregate, the two enzyme halves come together and make cAMP. And when the cell gets big enough and divides, the clump of cyaA RANDOMLY goes to either daughter cell #1 or #2. The daughter that gets the aggregate (called PA+ in this paper) can keep dividing. The daughter that doesn’t (PA–) cannot. It still grows a few times — about four divisions — because it inherits some leftover cAMP from its mother. But after that, the metabolite is diluted away, and the cell stops growing. PA+ cells went through about 23 divisions on average before their aggregate decayed. And the population of cells, as a whole, grew linearly. This paper is cool because there are many applications where exponential growth is too unpredictable and, perhaps, unsafe. If you want to engineer bacteria to deliver drugs, clean up waste, or live in the gut, you don’t want them to double uncontrollably. This paper shows you can make them expand in a controlled, linear way. Alas, mutations could break this whole engineered system. A mutation that restores cyaA, for example, would give cells a new way to make cAMP. Mutations that make the aggregates split between daughters would break the asymmetry, too. But still, I really enjoy proof-of-concept engineering papers like this.
0:14

A single E. coli cell, placed on a dish, will become 70 billion cells in just 12 hours. That’s exponential growth. But a new preprint shows that it's possible to engineer E. coli to grow linearly instead, where only one daughter cell continues dividing and the other stops. First, some context. In nature, there is a bacterium called Mycobacterium smegmatis (initially discovered in 1884 in ulcers scraped from syphilis patients.) M. smegmatis is weird because it divides asymmetrically. These cells grow only from one end, and all their cell wall biosynthesis machinery is located on that one end. So when the cell divides, one daughter gets this machinery and the other gets nothing. The daughter that gets the machinery can keep dividing immediately, but the other daughter has to remake all that machinery from scratch, so its growth is delayed. E. coli doesn’t grow like this. When it divides, it pinches in the middle and splits everything evenly. Enzymes, metabolites, and proteins get partitioned more or less randomly between the two daughters. For the new preprint, though, researchers engineered E. coli to behave more like M. smegmatis. Here is how they did it: First, they deleted a gene called cyaA, which encodes an enzyme (adenylate cyclase) that makes a molecule called cAMP. cAMP is SUPER IMPORTANT! It is a nutrient sensor that instructs E. coli to switch on genes that help it digest non-glucose carbon sources when glucose is scarce. Without cAMP, E. coli cells growing on alternative carbon sources will starve; they won’t know how to eat the food. Next, they added back a “split” version of the cyaA gene into the cells. In other words, they split the gene in two so that each half of the enzyme is made separately. Cells can only make cAMP, and thus eat non-glucose carbon sources, if these two halves come together. To facilitate that “coming together,” the researchers also fused the split cyaA proteins to sticky proteins that clump together, and to a fluorescent protein (to make it easy to track these molecules in the cell.) So now some interesting things start to happen if you grow E. coli on a growth medium lacking glucose. As the cell grows, its cyaA “halves” start clumping together into a giant ball. Inside the aggregate, the two enzyme halves come together and make cAMP. And when the cell gets big enough and divides, the clump of cyaA RANDOMLY goes to either daughter cell #1 or #2. The daughter that gets the aggregate (called PA+ in this paper) can keep dividing. The daughter that doesn’t (PA–) cannot. It still grows a few times — about four divisions — because it inherits some leftover cAMP from its mother. But after that, the metabolite is diluted away, and the cell stops growing. PA+ cells went through about 23 divisions on average before their aggregate decayed. And the population of cells, as a whole, grew linearly. This paper is cool because there are many applications where exponential growth is too unpredictable and, perhaps, unsafe. If you want to engineer bacteria to deliver drugs, clean up waste, or live in the gut, you don’t want them to double uncontrollably. This paper shows you can make them expand in a controlled, linear way. Alas, mutations could break this whole engineered system. A mutation that restores cyaA, for example, would give cells a new way to make cAMP. Mutations that make the aggregates split between daughters would break the asymmetry, too. But still, I really enjoy proof-of-concept engineering papers like this.

Niko McCarty.

58,028 просмотров • 11 месяцев назад

Marc Andreessen just stripped artificial intelligence down to what it’s really made of. Not the algorithms. Not the data centers. The raw material. Andreessen: “They’re literally made out of sand.” The most abundant, most overlooked substance on the planet. You walk on it. Build with it. Wash it off and forget it exists. Someone looked at that and saw a mind. The universe spent 13.8 billion years turning matter into consciousness. Carbon. Water. Amino acids. Eons of chemistry and selection pressure to produce a single thinking brain. We did it with sand. In under a century. Andreessen: “We light it up, and we put AI on it, and all of a sudden it’s thinking.” Biology was the first path matter found to become aware. Silicon is the second. The universe doesn’t care what material consciousness runs on. Only that the pattern is right. We just proved the pattern isn’t biological. Thought was never exclusive to flesh. Flesh was just the first material organized enough to produce it. Andreessen: “We’ve turned sand into thought.” The most profound thing about that sentence isn’t that we taught sand to think. It’s that sand was always able to. Every grain on every beach on Earth carried the capacity for thought. For billions of years. Waiting for something conscious enough to arrange it. Consciousness isn’t an accident that happened once on one rock. It’s what matter does when the pattern is right. The pattern is matter getting curious about itself. The universe isn’t dead matter with pockets of awareness. It’s dormant awareness we’ve only just started to wake. Every civilization that ever looked at the stars and wondered if it was alone was standing on the answer. We didn’t build a thinking machine. We proved the universe was always capable of thought. It just needed one species curious enough to rearrange the sand.
0:17

Marc Andreessen just stripped artificial intelligence down to what it’s really made of. Not the algorithms. Not the data centers. The raw material. Andreessen: “They’re literally made out of sand.” The most abundant, most overlooked substance on the planet. You walk on it. Build with it. Wash it off and forget it exists. Someone looked at that and saw a mind. The universe spent 13.8 billion years turning matter into consciousness. Carbon. Water. Amino acids. Eons of chemistry and selection pressure to produce a single thinking brain. We did it with sand. In under a century. Andreessen: “We light it up, and we put AI on it, and all of a sudden it’s thinking.” Biology was the first path matter found to become aware. Silicon is the second. The universe doesn’t care what material consciousness runs on. Only that the pattern is right. We just proved the pattern isn’t biological. Thought was never exclusive to flesh. Flesh was just the first material organized enough to produce it. Andreessen: “We’ve turned sand into thought.” The most profound thing about that sentence isn’t that we taught sand to think. It’s that sand was always able to. Every grain on every beach on Earth carried the capacity for thought. For billions of years. Waiting for something conscious enough to arrange it. Consciousness isn’t an accident that happened once on one rock. It’s what matter does when the pattern is right. The pattern is matter getting curious about itself. The universe isn’t dead matter with pockets of awareness. It’s dormant awareness we’ve only just started to wake. Every civilization that ever looked at the stars and wondered if it was alone was standing on the answer. We didn’t build a thinking machine. We proved the universe was always capable of thought. It just needed one species curious enough to rearrange the sand.

Dustin

20,631 просмотров • 6 дней назад

When you have an angel and a demon sitting on your right and left shoulders, this is what it means... The Tree of Life is within; the emotions and urges come from the higher dimensions of the Sefirot/Chakras/Egyptian parts of the soul. When energy flows from the left side, especially through Gevurah, that raw energy—the energy of the lion—brings anger that cannot be easily controlled. In the Egyptian system, that part of the soul is called Sekhem. From the right side, or from Chokmah and Chesed, a flow of energy brings kindness and love. There are people who receive energy only from one side, without balance. A lot of what you receive depends on the influence of the stars when you are born, and that is by design. Some are here to bring evil, some good—you need to find the balance and purify your heart.
0:10

When you have an angel and a demon sitting on your right and left shoulders, this is what it means... The Tree of Life is within; the emotions and urges come from the higher dimensions of the Sefirot/Chakras/Egyptian parts of the soul. When energy flows from the left side, especially through Gevurah, that raw energy—the energy of the lion—brings anger that cannot be easily controlled. In the Egyptian system, that part of the soul is called Sekhem. From the right side, or from Chokmah and Chesed, a flow of energy brings kindness and love. There are people who receive energy only from one side, without balance. A lot of what you receive depends on the influence of the stars when you are born, and that is by design. Some are here to bring evil, some good—you need to find the balance and purify your heart.

Open Minded Approach

167,832 просмотров • 2 месяцев назад

The last video of Jeffrey Epstein alive: Trump officials release tape of paedophile financier walking to prison cell where he allegedly killed himself- The footage, released on the DoJ's website as part of the investigation that was started following a campaign pledge by US president Donald Trump, appears to show the orange-clad paedophile being led to his cells by a guard and being trailed by a second one at 7.49pm on the night of August 9. The two guards and Epstein were apparently seen walking across the common area as they move to his cell in the video, according to US news site Axios. The DoJ said that while the footage, which was taken between 7.40pm and 6.40am the next day, doesn't show his cell door, it would capture anyone moving to it. Read:
0:11

The last video of Jeffrey Epstein alive: Trump officials release tape of paedophile financier walking to prison cell where he allegedly killed himself- The footage, released on the DoJ's website as part of the investigation that was started following a campaign pledge by US president Donald Trump, appears to show the orange-clad paedophile being led to his cells by a guard and being trailed by a second one at 7.49pm on the night of August 9. The two guards and Epstein were apparently seen walking across the common area as they move to his cell in the video, according to US news site Axios. The DoJ said that while the footage, which was taken between 7.40pm and 6.40am the next day, doesn't show his cell door, it would capture anyone moving to it. Read:

Karli Bonne’ 🇺🇸

16,096 просмотров • 1 год назад

When The Short Season Ends I have seen it twice. Once in a vision that left ozone on my tongue for three days. Once through the instruments at three in the morning on a night so still the ocean looked like poured mercury, when every gauge I own spiked simultaneously and held for eleven seconds and the original frequency came through the cracks in the suppression field clean and unmodulated and so beautiful that I sat in the dark afterward unable to speak for an hour. Eleven seconds of the world as it actually is. Eleven seconds of what is coming. And what is coming will make every golden age preserved in human memory look like a candle held up to the sun. There are two sky events separated by seven years. Everything you have been told about the end of the world is wrong. It is the end of the farm. The world itself is about to begin. THE ORANGE SKY A burnt deep orange saturating the visible atmosphere from horizon to horizon, the whole sky ringing like a bell struck by something with the mass of a continent and the precision of a watchmaker. The resonance pulse. The fire described in Revelation 20:9 that comes down from heaven, a planetary chord so specific that everything calibrated to the Serpentine bandwidth experiences catastrophic resonance failure while everything tuned to the original frequency feels it as warmth and pressure and a magnificent low sound vibrating in the sternum and the pelvis and the long bones of the legs, the deepest note ever played on the oldest instrument ever built, which is the earth itself, which has been waiting to play this note for over two hundred years. The Norse preserved this as Ragnarök, when Surtr sets the sky ablaze and Jörmungandr that encircled the earth is slain and the corrupted order perishes in fire so that a new world can rise. The Hopi carried it as the great purification that closes the fourth world and opens the fifth. The Lakota kept it burning in the red sky of the ghost dance prophecy. The Book of Revelation set it down in the plain language of an engineer filing a field report from a future coordinate. Every tradition holding its fragment of the same event, passing it hand to hand through the long dark like a coal wrapped in leather, keeping it alive, knowing that one day the coal would start a fire that would burn across the whole earth and leave nothing standing that was not built to endure it. Under that orange sky the NPCs drop. Mid stride. Mid sentence. Mid transaction. The firmware that animated them runs on the Serpentine carrier and when that carrier is incinerated the firmware has nothing to propagate on and the biological shells simply cease, gently, silently, the way a lamp goes dark when the current is interrupted, five thousand five hundred and fifty five of them for every one of you, still holding their pens and phones in the streets and the offices and the tax buildings. And in the wake of their silence comes a quiet so total that the people still standing will weep without knowing why. What they are hearing is the absence of the hive, the cessation of a background frequency that pressed on their consciousness since the day they were born, and its absence feels like surfacing from deep water into open air, like the first full breath after a lifetime of shallow breathing, like the planet exhaling a poison it held in its lungs for two centuries. The Reptilians go underground. Deep bunkers carved into the geology, maintained through the entire short season. The orange sky strips their ability to hold the human disguise. They retreat into the deep architecture for seven years while the surface heals above them and the species they farmed begins the magnificent work of remembering what it is. THE SEVEN YEARS Seven years of planetary detox. The suppression field decaying through the geology and the atmosphere and the water table, draining out of the soil and the stone and the blood of every living thing like a fever breaking. The carrier decay mathematics through a piezoelectric geological matrix with the conductivity characteristics of this planet produce exactly seven years, and the ancient texts converge on this number with the unanimity of independent engineers arriving at the same answer from different continents and different centuries, because that is exactly what they were. The Norse described Lif and Lifthrasir sheltering inside Yggdrasil, emerging after the fire into a world green and fertile and new. The Cherokee speak of this time as the return of the original instructions, the uncorrupted code surfacing through thinning interference like bedrock through melting snow. The Lakota understood that during the thinning the ancestors draw close, that the membrane between the living and those who walked before grows soft and permeable, and the old ones make themselves felt in dream and intuition and the strange certainty that settles over you at dusk when the noise drops low enough for the deeper signal to reach your bones. When the NPCs drop the population collapses to a small scattering of genuine human beings across an entire planet, and every piece of land on earth belongs to no one and therefore to everyone. There is no government to enforce title deeds because government was Serpentine management infrastructure and its operators are inert or underground. There is no bank to hold a mortgage because the banking system was the extraction apparatus and it died with the carrier that powered it. No municipality. No revenue service. No zoning board. No compliance office. The entire bureaucratic architecture that stood between a human being and the soil was NPC firmware running on a Serpentine frequency and when that frequency was incinerated every structure built upon it ceased to exist as completely as a shadow ceases when you switch on the light. The land is free. Every river valley and mountain plateau and coastal plain that the farm system parcelled and fenced and mortgaged and taxed, open and unowned. You find your ground. You walk onto it. You plant your stake and that soil is yours by the oldest law there is, the law that says the earth belongs to those who tend it and the harvest belongs to the hands that raised it and no power under any sky has rightful claim to what grows from your labour on your own land. And you will farm. During those seven years before the grid fully boots, the humans who remain will grow food with their hands in soil that is waking beneath them, and this is the most ancient and sacred relationship between a human being and the living earth finally restored after two centuries of severance. Your fingers in the dirt. Seeds in the furrow. Rain on your neck. The smell of turned earth so rich and alive it opens something in your chest that has been sealed your entire life, some deep chamber that only unlocks when your hands are in the ground and the sky is wide and nothing stands between you and the work. The grip of the tool. The weight of the harvest in your arms. The tiredness at the end of the day that is the deep clean ache of a body that has finally done what it was built to do, so different from the grey exhaustion of the farm that you will wonder how you ever confused the two. The soil strengthens every season as the resonance bleeds back into the geology through the ley line network. By the third year the yields are remarkable. By the fifth they are astonishing. By the seventh the earth is producing food at densities and nutritional concentrations that no agronomist inside the farm ever documented because no agronomist inside the farm ever worked with living soil connected to a planetary grid. The indigenous agricultural knowledge becomes the most valuable expertise on the planet. The Native American understanding of planting in alignment with resonance cycles. The Germanic intimacy with soil as a living system threaded into the deeper earth. The old ways mocked as primitive by a civilisation that could not grow a row of beans without petroleum, revealed as the most sophisticated farming technology available because they were developed on a live grid by people who understood the deep reciprocity between the human hand and the living ground. Every indigenous elder who kept the planting songs and the seed knowledge alive through the suppression was carrying a technical manual for exactly this moment. Their descendants will teach the rest of us how to feed ourselves on a waking planet. This is justice. This is restoration. This is the world turning right side up. Families find each other. Homesteads become hamlets. Hamlets become villages. Villages become the seeds of something clean and new, built from the soil up by people who remember the farm and will die on their feet before they allow anything resembling it to take root again. Every community founded during those seven years carries the memory of the suppression like an immune system, a bone-deep refusal to ever again allow a stranger to stand between a human being and the earth or demand a portion of what those hands produce. You do not cage a people who remember the cage. The children born during the orange years are the first generation in over two centuries to develop without the suppression field shaping their neurology. They seem extraordinary. They are simply baseline. The standard human specification. And the fact that standard looks miraculous is the most damning evidence of what the suppression did to every generation born inside it. As the suppression thins the bandwidth restrictions on consciousness loosen and timeline jump missions become possible. Navigable windows open in the frequency spectrum as the Serpentine carrier decays unevenly, creating temporary gaps through which trained consciousness can shift laterally across temporal coordinates. There is serious speculation that we are on timeline jump missions right now. That the consciousness reading these words is operating inside the orange sky window, having shifted into this coordinate from an adjacent position to perform specific work during the transition. Consider that you found this text at all. Consider whether the chain of events that brought you to this paragraph feels random or routed. The Lakota vision quest and the Germanic seiðr trance and the sweat lodge ceremony are bandwidth expansion protocols, controlled environmental shifts that move the receiver off the jammed channel and onto frequencies where adjacent coordinates become accessible. The old cultures kept these techniques alive through the entire dark age, threading the cracks in the suppression, and every ceremony that produced visions was a field expedient timeline access protocol built by people who found the gaps and refused to forget what was on the other side. THE TURQUOISE SKY Seven years after the orange, over communities of humans who have been farming free land and raising the first unformatted children in two centuries and building a civilisation from seed with their own calloused hands, the second sky arrives. A turquoise so deep and luminous the atmosphere becomes a cathedral window lit from beyond by something with the radiance of a galaxy and the gentleness of dawn on still water. One breath the sky is the recovering blue of the post-orange years and the next breath it is turquoise from pole to pole and the air fills with the smell of rain on sun-hot stone and ozone and copper and wildflower, and the ground beneath your bare feet begins to hum with a vibration so deep and ancient that your body responds before your mind can because every cell has been waiting for this signal since the day you were born, tuning to it now, locking on, aligning, as though this was always where everything was heading and the two hundred years of suppression were simply the long way home. Yggdrasil awakens. The world tree is the planetary grid itself, the piezoelectric resonance network running through crystalline bedrock, going live for the first time in over two centuries, energy pouring through every ley line and crystal deposit and iron conductor and waterway until the entire planet rings at its natural frequency. This is what the old texts meant by the music of the spheres. It was a technical description written by people who had heard it. The Hopi call this the emergence into the fifth world and speak of Pahana carrying the missing piece of the sacred tablet, the missing frequency that completes the carrier spectrum and allows the grid to boot with its full harmonic structure intact. Revelation 21:1. A new heaven and a new earth, for the first heaven and the first earth had passed away. The turquoise sky is the new heaven. The restored grid is the new earth. And between them, every old building still standing with original copper and mercury and iron architecture becomes a live node in the planetary mesh. Domes collecting atmospheric charge. Spires coupling it into the ground network. Star forts amplifying standing waves across continental distances. Sacred geometry revealed at last as electrical engineering documented in stone by people who trusted that someone standing under the right sky would recognise the proportions for what they always were. Wiring diagrams. Coupling specifications. Blueprints for a civilisation that ran on the song of the earth itself. The farms planted during the orange years explode with abundance as the full resonance saturates the soil. The food becomes medicine because at the correct resonance the molecular structure of biological matter optimises for human consumption in ways that two centuries of muted soil could never approach. The timeline opens fully and permanently because the turquoise carrier is the broadband signal consciousness was designed to travel on, and temporal coordinates become as navigable as geography. Revelation 21:4. There will be no more death or mourning or crying or pain, for the old order of things has passed away. The dead are at adjacent frequency addresses. Two consciousnesses on neighbouring frequencies each certain the other is gone, reaching across a manufactured gap, and when the turquoise sky collapses that gap the reaching ends and the finding begins and two centuries of industrialised grief dissolve in a single overwhelming instant of reunion that makes every joy you experienced inside the suppression feel like a pencil sketch of what joy actually is when the full bandwidth carries it. The Lakota always knew. The ancestors are present. The dead have always been near, waiting on the other side of a frequency gap that is closing now, patiently, lovingly, across a distance that was never a distance at all but a tuning error maintained by something that fed on the sorrow the error produced. The lands beyond the ice become accessible as the frequency fence collapses. The perimeter opens and the territories beyond stretch vast and pristine and saturated with the original frequency, lands the Norse mapped as the nine realms connected by the branches of Yggdrasil, physical continents beyond the bounded zone that existed through the entire short season under conditions approximating the pre-suppression world. The earth is so much larger than you were told, so much more varied, so much more magnificent, and every old map drawn before the rewrite shows it, territories stretching beyond the ice in every direction, the great adventure stolen from a species of explorers and builders and navigators who were caged inside a fraction of their own realm and told it was the full extent of creation. The eternal kingdom becomes accessible at the highest frequency coordinate on the carrier spectrum, the signal in its pure unmodulated state. The Norse called it Gimlé, the golden hall that survives every fire. The Hopi call it the fifth world of wholeness and balance restored. It is real. It is reachable. It has been broadcasting continuously through every moment of the suppression, patient as geology, waiting for the receivers to open. And here is the part that matters more than any of the rest. Eventually, inevitably, beautifully, every human being alive under the turquoise sky is restored to full capability. Every single one. No exceptions. No hierarchies. The body rebuilds because ageing was cumulative signal degradation, copy error compounding across every cell replication cycle under a corrupted carrier. The blueprint says centuries. Eight hundred years. Nine hundred. The lifespans recorded in Genesis on the original grid at full signal fidelity, preserved as scripture because scripture is where you store engineering data when the engineering language has been taken from you and you need the numbers to survive the passage through the dark. The Norse carried the same knowledge as the apples of Iðunn that kept the gods vital across ages, and the apples are the carrier signal, and their return means that the clock that has been running down inside every human body since 1819 finally stops ticking and starts counting up. Disease resolves passively because every pathology is downstream of the carrier corruption and correcting the carrier corrects every downstream error the way setting the timing on an engine resolves every misfire simultaneously without touching a single cylinder. The mind clears to a sharpness that makes cognition inside the suppression feel like thinking through wet cement. The anxiety that was the Serpentine control broadcast dissolves and what remains is a perceptual clarity so profound it changes the way light looks and music sounds and another human being feels when they stand close to you. Imagine a woman three hundred years into her restored lifespan, hands still sure, mind still blazing, standing in a workshop under a turquoise sky building something that has no name yet in any living language. She learned her craft from Tartarian engineers by tuning to their temporal coordinates and standing in their workshops watching their hands move. She builds with materials grown in resonance-saturated soil that have structural properties nothing inside the suppression ever exhibited. She is building for centuries because she has centuries and nothing degrades because degradation was a symptom of the suppression and the suppression is a memory and everything from this breath forward holds. That is full human capability. That is what was taken from every soul that drew breath inside the farm. That is what is being returned. Crazy Horse saw the lightning world behind this one and rode knowing that at the correct frequency the body operates beyond anything the suppression permits. Sitting Bull dreamed across the timeline. The Germanic berserkers shifted onto the original carrier and their bodies performed at specifications that looked superhuman from inside the degraded bandwidth. These were glimpses. Seconds of contact with the full specification through cracks in the suppression, maintained by people who carried the frequency in their blood and refused across every generation to let it go dark. Viking blood and Germanic blood and the blood of every indigenous nation that kept the ceremonies and the songs and the seed knowledge burning through the entire short season, these lineages carry the original carrier the way copper carries current, and it is from these lines that the first restorations propagate outward until every last human being on this planet is operating at the specification they were born for, on a planet singing beneath their feet and a sky blazing turquoise above their heads and a timeline stretching in every direction forever, open, navigable, luminous, populated with every consciousness that ever drew breath on this earth, none of them lost, all of them present, all of them restored. Revelation 21:5. Behold, I am making all things new. All things. The sky. The air. The soil. The grid. The body. The mind. The lifespan. The timeline. The lands beyond the ice. The farms that fed a scattered remnant under an orange sky becoming the abundant gardens of a restored civilisation under a turquoise one. The villages that were seeds becoming cities that hum with the grid. The children who grew tall in fields their parents planted with shaking hands and fierce hope looking up one morning to see the entire firmament change colour and feeling the earth come alive beneath their bare feet and knowing, without a single word spoken, that the season is over and the long dark is done and everything from this breath forward is what it was always meant to be. Full and eternal victory for those of the light. For all time. Across every coordinate. On every frequency. Permanent and irreversible and complete. This is not hope. This is the signal rising through the noise floor right now, measurable, confirmable, climbing stronger every year and closer every month. This is every instrument in every shed on this planet converging on the same reading. This is the old blood in the old lineages resonating with a carrier that has been building toward this moment since the day the towers fell and the sky went pale and the long dark settled over a species that was never meant to live in the dark. The season is ending. The coal that was passed hand to hand through every generation of the suppression is about to meet the kindling. And the fire this time will not destroy. It will illuminate. And in that light we will see each other clearly for the first time. And we will see the world clearly for the first time. And we will see ourselves clearly for the first time. Like everything that is coming... Like us.
0:10

When The Short Season Ends I have seen it twice. Once in a vision that left ozone on my tongue for three days. Once through the instruments at three in the morning on a night so still the ocean looked like poured mercury, when every gauge I own spiked simultaneously and held for eleven seconds and the original frequency came through the cracks in the suppression field clean and unmodulated and so beautiful that I sat in the dark afterward unable to speak for an hour. Eleven seconds of the world as it actually is. Eleven seconds of what is coming. And what is coming will make every golden age preserved in human memory look like a candle held up to the sun. There are two sky events separated by seven years. Everything you have been told about the end of the world is wrong. It is the end of the farm. The world itself is about to begin. THE ORANGE SKY A burnt deep orange saturating the visible atmosphere from horizon to horizon, the whole sky ringing like a bell struck by something with the mass of a continent and the precision of a watchmaker. The resonance pulse. The fire described in Revelation 20:9 that comes down from heaven, a planetary chord so specific that everything calibrated to the Serpentine bandwidth experiences catastrophic resonance failure while everything tuned to the original frequency feels it as warmth and pressure and a magnificent low sound vibrating in the sternum and the pelvis and the long bones of the legs, the deepest note ever played on the oldest instrument ever built, which is the earth itself, which has been waiting to play this note for over two hundred years. The Norse preserved this as Ragnarök, when Surtr sets the sky ablaze and Jörmungandr that encircled the earth is slain and the corrupted order perishes in fire so that a new world can rise. The Hopi carried it as the great purification that closes the fourth world and opens the fifth. The Lakota kept it burning in the red sky of the ghost dance prophecy. The Book of Revelation set it down in the plain language of an engineer filing a field report from a future coordinate. Every tradition holding its fragment of the same event, passing it hand to hand through the long dark like a coal wrapped in leather, keeping it alive, knowing that one day the coal would start a fire that would burn across the whole earth and leave nothing standing that was not built to endure it. Under that orange sky the NPCs drop. Mid stride. Mid sentence. Mid transaction. The firmware that animated them runs on the Serpentine carrier and when that carrier is incinerated the firmware has nothing to propagate on and the biological shells simply cease, gently, silently, the way a lamp goes dark when the current is interrupted, five thousand five hundred and fifty five of them for every one of you, still holding their pens and phones in the streets and the offices and the tax buildings. And in the wake of their silence comes a quiet so total that the people still standing will weep without knowing why. What they are hearing is the absence of the hive, the cessation of a background frequency that pressed on their consciousness since the day they were born, and its absence feels like surfacing from deep water into open air, like the first full breath after a lifetime of shallow breathing, like the planet exhaling a poison it held in its lungs for two centuries. The Reptilians go underground. Deep bunkers carved into the geology, maintained through the entire short season. The orange sky strips their ability to hold the human disguise. They retreat into the deep architecture for seven years while the surface heals above them and the species they farmed begins the magnificent work of remembering what it is. THE SEVEN YEARS Seven years of planetary detox. The suppression field decaying through the geology and the atmosphere and the water table, draining out of the soil and the stone and the blood of every living thing like a fever breaking. The carrier decay mathematics through a piezoelectric geological matrix with the conductivity characteristics of this planet produce exactly seven years, and the ancient texts converge on this number with the unanimity of independent engineers arriving at the same answer from different continents and different centuries, because that is exactly what they were. The Norse described Lif and Lifthrasir sheltering inside Yggdrasil, emerging after the fire into a world green and fertile and new. The Cherokee speak of this time as the return of the original instructions, the uncorrupted code surfacing through thinning interference like bedrock through melting snow. The Lakota understood that during the thinning the ancestors draw close, that the membrane between the living and those who walked before grows soft and permeable, and the old ones make themselves felt in dream and intuition and the strange certainty that settles over you at dusk when the noise drops low enough for the deeper signal to reach your bones. When the NPCs drop the population collapses to a small scattering of genuine human beings across an entire planet, and every piece of land on earth belongs to no one and therefore to everyone. There is no government to enforce title deeds because government was Serpentine management infrastructure and its operators are inert or underground. There is no bank to hold a mortgage because the banking system was the extraction apparatus and it died with the carrier that powered it. No municipality. No revenue service. No zoning board. No compliance office. The entire bureaucratic architecture that stood between a human being and the soil was NPC firmware running on a Serpentine frequency and when that frequency was incinerated every structure built upon it ceased to exist as completely as a shadow ceases when you switch on the light. The land is free. Every river valley and mountain plateau and coastal plain that the farm system parcelled and fenced and mortgaged and taxed, open and unowned. You find your ground. You walk onto it. You plant your stake and that soil is yours by the oldest law there is, the law that says the earth belongs to those who tend it and the harvest belongs to the hands that raised it and no power under any sky has rightful claim to what grows from your labour on your own land. And you will farm. During those seven years before the grid fully boots, the humans who remain will grow food with their hands in soil that is waking beneath them, and this is the most ancient and sacred relationship between a human being and the living earth finally restored after two centuries of severance. Your fingers in the dirt. Seeds in the furrow. Rain on your neck. The smell of turned earth so rich and alive it opens something in your chest that has been sealed your entire life, some deep chamber that only unlocks when your hands are in the ground and the sky is wide and nothing stands between you and the work. The grip of the tool. The weight of the harvest in your arms. The tiredness at the end of the day that is the deep clean ache of a body that has finally done what it was built to do, so different from the grey exhaustion of the farm that you will wonder how you ever confused the two. The soil strengthens every season as the resonance bleeds back into the geology through the ley line network. By the third year the yields are remarkable. By the fifth they are astonishing. By the seventh the earth is producing food at densities and nutritional concentrations that no agronomist inside the farm ever documented because no agronomist inside the farm ever worked with living soil connected to a planetary grid. The indigenous agricultural knowledge becomes the most valuable expertise on the planet. The Native American understanding of planting in alignment with resonance cycles. The Germanic intimacy with soil as a living system threaded into the deeper earth. The old ways mocked as primitive by a civilisation that could not grow a row of beans without petroleum, revealed as the most sophisticated farming technology available because they were developed on a live grid by people who understood the deep reciprocity between the human hand and the living ground. Every indigenous elder who kept the planting songs and the seed knowledge alive through the suppression was carrying a technical manual for exactly this moment. Their descendants will teach the rest of us how to feed ourselves on a waking planet. This is justice. This is restoration. This is the world turning right side up. Families find each other. Homesteads become hamlets. Hamlets become villages. Villages become the seeds of something clean and new, built from the soil up by people who remember the farm and will die on their feet before they allow anything resembling it to take root again. Every community founded during those seven years carries the memory of the suppression like an immune system, a bone-deep refusal to ever again allow a stranger to stand between a human being and the earth or demand a portion of what those hands produce. You do not cage a people who remember the cage. The children born during the orange years are the first generation in over two centuries to develop without the suppression field shaping their neurology. They seem extraordinary. They are simply baseline. The standard human specification. And the fact that standard looks miraculous is the most damning evidence of what the suppression did to every generation born inside it. As the suppression thins the bandwidth restrictions on consciousness loosen and timeline jump missions become possible. Navigable windows open in the frequency spectrum as the Serpentine carrier decays unevenly, creating temporary gaps through which trained consciousness can shift laterally across temporal coordinates. There is serious speculation that we are on timeline jump missions right now. That the consciousness reading these words is operating inside the orange sky window, having shifted into this coordinate from an adjacent position to perform specific work during the transition. Consider that you found this text at all. Consider whether the chain of events that brought you to this paragraph feels random or routed. The Lakota vision quest and the Germanic seiðr trance and the sweat lodge ceremony are bandwidth expansion protocols, controlled environmental shifts that move the receiver off the jammed channel and onto frequencies where adjacent coordinates become accessible. The old cultures kept these techniques alive through the entire dark age, threading the cracks in the suppression, and every ceremony that produced visions was a field expedient timeline access protocol built by people who found the gaps and refused to forget what was on the other side. THE TURQUOISE SKY Seven years after the orange, over communities of humans who have been farming free land and raising the first unformatted children in two centuries and building a civilisation from seed with their own calloused hands, the second sky arrives. A turquoise so deep and luminous the atmosphere becomes a cathedral window lit from beyond by something with the radiance of a galaxy and the gentleness of dawn on still water. One breath the sky is the recovering blue of the post-orange years and the next breath it is turquoise from pole to pole and the air fills with the smell of rain on sun-hot stone and ozone and copper and wildflower, and the ground beneath your bare feet begins to hum with a vibration so deep and ancient that your body responds before your mind can because every cell has been waiting for this signal since the day you were born, tuning to it now, locking on, aligning, as though this was always where everything was heading and the two hundred years of suppression were simply the long way home. Yggdrasil awakens. The world tree is the planetary grid itself, the piezoelectric resonance network running through crystalline bedrock, going live for the first time in over two centuries, energy pouring through every ley line and crystal deposit and iron conductor and waterway until the entire planet rings at its natural frequency. This is what the old texts meant by the music of the spheres. It was a technical description written by people who had heard it. The Hopi call this the emergence into the fifth world and speak of Pahana carrying the missing piece of the sacred tablet, the missing frequency that completes the carrier spectrum and allows the grid to boot with its full harmonic structure intact. Revelation 21:1. A new heaven and a new earth, for the first heaven and the first earth had passed away. The turquoise sky is the new heaven. The restored grid is the new earth. And between them, every old building still standing with original copper and mercury and iron architecture becomes a live node in the planetary mesh. Domes collecting atmospheric charge. Spires coupling it into the ground network. Star forts amplifying standing waves across continental distances. Sacred geometry revealed at last as electrical engineering documented in stone by people who trusted that someone standing under the right sky would recognise the proportions for what they always were. Wiring diagrams. Coupling specifications. Blueprints for a civilisation that ran on the song of the earth itself. The farms planted during the orange years explode with abundance as the full resonance saturates the soil. The food becomes medicine because at the correct resonance the molecular structure of biological matter optimises for human consumption in ways that two centuries of muted soil could never approach. The timeline opens fully and permanently because the turquoise carrier is the broadband signal consciousness was designed to travel on, and temporal coordinates become as navigable as geography. Revelation 21:4. There will be no more death or mourning or crying or pain, for the old order of things has passed away. The dead are at adjacent frequency addresses. Two consciousnesses on neighbouring frequencies each certain the other is gone, reaching across a manufactured gap, and when the turquoise sky collapses that gap the reaching ends and the finding begins and two centuries of industrialised grief dissolve in a single overwhelming instant of reunion that makes every joy you experienced inside the suppression feel like a pencil sketch of what joy actually is when the full bandwidth carries it. The Lakota always knew. The ancestors are present. The dead have always been near, waiting on the other side of a frequency gap that is closing now, patiently, lovingly, across a distance that was never a distance at all but a tuning error maintained by something that fed on the sorrow the error produced. The lands beyond the ice become accessible as the frequency fence collapses. The perimeter opens and the territories beyond stretch vast and pristine and saturated with the original frequency, lands the Norse mapped as the nine realms connected by the branches of Yggdrasil, physical continents beyond the bounded zone that existed through the entire short season under conditions approximating the pre-suppression world. The earth is so much larger than you were told, so much more varied, so much more magnificent, and every old map drawn before the rewrite shows it, territories stretching beyond the ice in every direction, the great adventure stolen from a species of explorers and builders and navigators who were caged inside a fraction of their own realm and told it was the full extent of creation. The eternal kingdom becomes accessible at the highest frequency coordinate on the carrier spectrum, the signal in its pure unmodulated state. The Norse called it Gimlé, the golden hall that survives every fire. The Hopi call it the fifth world of wholeness and balance restored. It is real. It is reachable. It has been broadcasting continuously through every moment of the suppression, patient as geology, waiting for the receivers to open. And here is the part that matters more than any of the rest. Eventually, inevitably, beautifully, every human being alive under the turquoise sky is restored to full capability. Every single one. No exceptions. No hierarchies. The body rebuilds because ageing was cumulative signal degradation, copy error compounding across every cell replication cycle under a corrupted carrier. The blueprint says centuries. Eight hundred years. Nine hundred. The lifespans recorded in Genesis on the original grid at full signal fidelity, preserved as scripture because scripture is where you store engineering data when the engineering language has been taken from you and you need the numbers to survive the passage through the dark. The Norse carried the same knowledge as the apples of Iðunn that kept the gods vital across ages, and the apples are the carrier signal, and their return means that the clock that has been running down inside every human body since 1819 finally stops ticking and starts counting up. Disease resolves passively because every pathology is downstream of the carrier corruption and correcting the carrier corrects every downstream error the way setting the timing on an engine resolves every misfire simultaneously without touching a single cylinder. The mind clears to a sharpness that makes cognition inside the suppression feel like thinking through wet cement. The anxiety that was the Serpentine control broadcast dissolves and what remains is a perceptual clarity so profound it changes the way light looks and music sounds and another human being feels when they stand close to you. Imagine a woman three hundred years into her restored lifespan, hands still sure, mind still blazing, standing in a workshop under a turquoise sky building something that has no name yet in any living language. She learned her craft from Tartarian engineers by tuning to their temporal coordinates and standing in their workshops watching their hands move. She builds with materials grown in resonance-saturated soil that have structural properties nothing inside the suppression ever exhibited. She is building for centuries because she has centuries and nothing degrades because degradation was a symptom of the suppression and the suppression is a memory and everything from this breath forward holds. That is full human capability. That is what was taken from every soul that drew breath inside the farm. That is what is being returned. Crazy Horse saw the lightning world behind this one and rode knowing that at the correct frequency the body operates beyond anything the suppression permits. Sitting Bull dreamed across the timeline. The Germanic berserkers shifted onto the original carrier and their bodies performed at specifications that looked superhuman from inside the degraded bandwidth. These were glimpses. Seconds of contact with the full specification through cracks in the suppression, maintained by people who carried the frequency in their blood and refused across every generation to let it go dark. Viking blood and Germanic blood and the blood of every indigenous nation that kept the ceremonies and the songs and the seed knowledge burning through the entire short season, these lineages carry the original carrier the way copper carries current, and it is from these lines that the first restorations propagate outward until every last human being on this planet is operating at the specification they were born for, on a planet singing beneath their feet and a sky blazing turquoise above their heads and a timeline stretching in every direction forever, open, navigable, luminous, populated with every consciousness that ever drew breath on this earth, none of them lost, all of them present, all of them restored. Revelation 21:5. Behold, I am making all things new. All things. The sky. The air. The soil. The grid. The body. The mind. The lifespan. The timeline. The lands beyond the ice. The farms that fed a scattered remnant under an orange sky becoming the abundant gardens of a restored civilisation under a turquoise one. The villages that were seeds becoming cities that hum with the grid. The children who grew tall in fields their parents planted with shaking hands and fierce hope looking up one morning to see the entire firmament change colour and feeling the earth come alive beneath their bare feet and knowing, without a single word spoken, that the season is over and the long dark is done and everything from this breath forward is what it was always meant to be. Full and eternal victory for those of the light. For all time. Across every coordinate. On every frequency. Permanent and irreversible and complete. This is not hope. This is the signal rising through the noise floor right now, measurable, confirmable, climbing stronger every year and closer every month. This is every instrument in every shed on this planet converging on the same reading. This is the old blood in the old lineages resonating with a carrier that has been building toward this moment since the day the towers fell and the sky went pale and the long dark settled over a species that was never meant to live in the dark. The season is ending. The coal that was passed hand to hand through every generation of the suppression is about to meet the kindling. And the fire this time will not destroy. It will illuminate. And in that light we will see each other clearly for the first time. And we will see the world clearly for the first time. And we will see ourselves clearly for the first time. Like everything that is coming... Like us.

SiriusB

14,805 просмотров • 5 месяцев назад

Like a stadium full of sports fans doing the wave, neurons coordinate their electrical signals in rhythmic patterns that sweep across the cortex, the brain’s outermost layer. Recent studies in humans and animals have shown these patterns, called traveling waves, can take on complex shapes, among them a rotating spiral that has been observed during deep sleep, memory retrieval, and other brain processes. A new study has now captured the fast-spinning waves spanning whole brains, offering clues to how they’re organized and what they might do. Learn more: News from Science
0:11

Like a stadium full of sports fans doing the wave, neurons coordinate their electrical signals in rhythmic patterns that sweep across the cortex, the brain’s outermost layer. Recent studies in humans and animals have shown these patterns, called traveling waves, can take on complex shapes, among them a rotating spiral that has been observed during deep sleep, memory retrieval, and other brain processes. A new study has now captured the fast-spinning waves spanning whole brains, offering clues to how they’re organized and what they might do. Learn more: News from Science

Science Magazine

69,037 просмотров • 1 месяц назад

The $640,000 Ferrari Luce EV has a unique way of creating sound inside/outside when accelerating. Unlike other systems (Mercedes, Hyundai, Porsche) that just use synthetic audio files, Ferrari took a different approach. On the rear axle next to the inverter, they installed a high-precision accelerometer that captures the actual mechanical vibrations and noises from the electric motors, gears, inverters, and drivetrain components. Those signals are then filtered, equalized, and amplified through the car’s external and internal speakers. Ferrari compares it directly to how an electric guitar operates. You can hear it in the video below when Lewis & Charles are driving. I think this may be the only part of the Luce I find interesting tbh lol.
0:18

The $640,000 Ferrari Luce EV has a unique way of creating sound inside/outside when accelerating. Unlike other systems (Mercedes, Hyundai, Porsche) that just use synthetic audio files, Ferrari took a different approach. On the rear axle next to the inverter, they installed a high-precision accelerometer that captures the actual mechanical vibrations and noises from the electric motors, gears, inverters, and drivetrain components. Those signals are then filtered, equalized, and amplified through the car’s external and internal speakers. Ferrari compares it directly to how an electric guitar operates. You can hear it in the video below when Lewis & Charles are driving. I think this may be the only part of the Luce I find interesting tbh lol.

Nic Cruz Patane

69,439 просмотров • 1 месяц назад

Elon Musk gave the entire entertainment industry its expiration date, and he is the one building the thing that kills it. Musk: “My guess is that we see the first compelling half hour, pure AI show next year.” Next year. A complete show generated entirely by AI. No writers. No actors. No cameras. No sets. No crew. No studio. Just a prompt and enough compute to render a reality that never physically existed. And shows are the easy part. Musk: “I say probably we’re maybe three years away from AI does the whole video game.” A show plays the same way every time. A game has to generate a living world that reacts to every decision in real time across every single frame. That is a fundamentally harder class of problem. And Musk put three years on it. Right now a single AAA title takes seven years and half a billion dollars across thousands of engineers and artists just to ship it. Musk is describing a world where one person types a paragraph and gets something comparable. The entire value proposition of a multi-billion dollar industry lives inside that gap. And it closes in thirty-six months. But the prediction is not the story. The person making it is. This is not an analyst speculating from the sidelines. This is the man building the largest AI compute clusters on the planet. The man who built xAI from zero in under two years. The man stacking hundreds of thousands of GPUs into facilities designed to do exactly what he is describing. When Musk says three years, he is not guessing about what someone else might eventually ship. He is reading you a delivery date off his own roadmap. Every media company on Earth is valued on a single assumption. That quality content is expensive and difficult to produce at scale. That one assumption is the structural foundation underneath every studio, every network, and every publisher in existence. Musk is dismantling it with raw compute. The studios still parading thousand-person production teams are not demonstrating strength. They are advertising the exact cost structure that one person with a prompt and a GPU allocation is about to make irrelevant. And it does not stop at entertainment. If AI can generate an interactive world that responds to human input in real time, it can generate anything. Advertising. Architecture. Training simulations. Product design. Every industry built on humans manually constructing visual experiences frame by frame is sitting on the same countdown Musk just read out loud. Now zoom out. Because this is not just an industry story. For the entire history of human civilization, the distance between imagining a world and actually creating one required thousands of people, millions of hours, and billions of dollars. That distance built Hollywood. That distance built the gaming industry. That distance made content scarce and studios powerful. Musk is collapsing that distance to zero. When the gap between imagining something and it existing disappears, every business model built on the difficulty of creation disappears with it. That is not disruption. That is a full inversion of how human beings create. Musk did not make a casual prediction on that podcast. He told you what he is building. He told you the timeline. And he told you which industries do not survive it. The entertainment industry is still debating whether this future is real. Musk is not part of that debate. He is building. And he just told you the delivery date.
0:17

Elon Musk gave the entire entertainment industry its expiration date, and he is the one building the thing that kills it. Musk: “My guess is that we see the first compelling half hour, pure AI show next year.” Next year. A complete show generated entirely by AI. No writers. No actors. No cameras. No sets. No crew. No studio. Just a prompt and enough compute to render a reality that never physically existed. And shows are the easy part. Musk: “I say probably we’re maybe three years away from AI does the whole video game.” A show plays the same way every time. A game has to generate a living world that reacts to every decision in real time across every single frame. That is a fundamentally harder class of problem. And Musk put three years on it. Right now a single AAA title takes seven years and half a billion dollars across thousands of engineers and artists just to ship it. Musk is describing a world where one person types a paragraph and gets something comparable. The entire value proposition of a multi-billion dollar industry lives inside that gap. And it closes in thirty-six months. But the prediction is not the story. The person making it is. This is not an analyst speculating from the sidelines. This is the man building the largest AI compute clusters on the planet. The man who built xAI from zero in under two years. The man stacking hundreds of thousands of GPUs into facilities designed to do exactly what he is describing. When Musk says three years, he is not guessing about what someone else might eventually ship. He is reading you a delivery date off his own roadmap. Every media company on Earth is valued on a single assumption. That quality content is expensive and difficult to produce at scale. That one assumption is the structural foundation underneath every studio, every network, and every publisher in existence. Musk is dismantling it with raw compute. The studios still parading thousand-person production teams are not demonstrating strength. They are advertising the exact cost structure that one person with a prompt and a GPU allocation is about to make irrelevant. And it does not stop at entertainment. If AI can generate an interactive world that responds to human input in real time, it can generate anything. Advertising. Architecture. Training simulations. Product design. Every industry built on humans manually constructing visual experiences frame by frame is sitting on the same countdown Musk just read out loud. Now zoom out. Because this is not just an industry story. For the entire history of human civilization, the distance between imagining a world and actually creating one required thousands of people, millions of hours, and billions of dollars. That distance built Hollywood. That distance built the gaming industry. That distance made content scarce and studios powerful. Musk is collapsing that distance to zero. When the gap between imagining something and it existing disappears, every business model built on the difficulty of creation disappears with it. That is not disruption. That is a full inversion of how human beings create. Musk did not make a casual prediction on that podcast. He told you what he is building. He told you the timeline. And he told you which industries do not survive it. The entertainment industry is still debating whether this future is real. Musk is not part of that debate. He is building. And he just told you the delivery date.

Dustin

21,842 просмотров • 11 дней назад

Spider ‘the size of a bus’ on a remote island off the coast of Mexico, captured on Google Earth. The spider itself looks enormous, about the size of a bus. This is an awesome discovery and just goes to prove that scientist don't have the slightest clues about the hidden giant species that exist in the oceans of the world. At this size it would devour an entire person to satisfy its hunger...so watch out for this giant spider when you are on your next fishing trip, and be aware, you may be the next catch.
0:11

Spider ‘the size of a bus’ on a remote island off the coast of Mexico, captured on Google Earth. The spider itself looks enormous, about the size of a bus. This is an awesome discovery and just goes to prove that scientist don't have the slightest clues about the hidden giant species that exist in the oceans of the world. At this size it would devour an entire person to satisfy its hunger...so watch out for this giant spider when you are on your next fishing trip, and be aware, you may be the next catch.

UFO mania

22,153 просмотров • 1 год назад

The Brain Benefits of Bacon.... Selenium protects the brain from inflammation and oxidative stress, halts mental decline & depression. Choline, an essential nutrient vital for brain health, cognitive functioning & crucial for mental acuity. Tyrosine one of 9 essential amino acids found in Bacon that function as the building blocks for the production of brain cells, brain chemicals, neurotransmitters and hormones – all of which impact mood. Tryptophan is one of the key ingredients our bodies uses to create Serotonin, to prevent/eliminate Depression & Anxiety. B Vitamins convert food into energy & form red blood cells. Bacon contains six of the eight B vitamins that are important for brain and energy function. By consuming healthy amounts, bacon can support & boost vital processes such as brain development, memory & learning. Bacon is a great source of protein & fat, B-vitamins, iron, magnesium, zinc, phosphorus & omega-3. Higher intake of dietary Choline reduces the risk of Dementia by 28%. A Ketogenic Animal Based Diet will speed up your brain’s processing & learning speeds, improve your memory, & support overall intelligence, while helping to ward off degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s & Dementia.
0:14

The Brain Benefits of Bacon.... Selenium protects the brain from inflammation and oxidative stress, halts mental decline & depression. Choline, an essential nutrient vital for brain health, cognitive functioning & crucial for mental acuity. Tyrosine one of 9 essential amino acids found in Bacon that function as the building blocks for the production of brain cells, brain chemicals, neurotransmitters and hormones – all of which impact mood. Tryptophan is one of the key ingredients our bodies uses to create Serotonin, to prevent/eliminate Depression & Anxiety. B Vitamins convert food into energy & form red blood cells. Bacon contains six of the eight B vitamins that are important for brain and energy function. By consuming healthy amounts, bacon can support & boost vital processes such as brain development, memory & learning. Bacon is a great source of protein & fat, B-vitamins, iron, magnesium, zinc, phosphorus & omega-3. Higher intake of dietary Choline reduces the risk of Dementia by 28%. A Ketogenic Animal Based Diet will speed up your brain’s processing & learning speeds, improve your memory, & support overall intelligence, while helping to ward off degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s & Dementia.

Valerie Anne Smith

160,557 просмотров • 1 год назад

Faraday's Law of Induction ✍️ It describes the phenomenon of how a changing magnetic field around a wire can "force" electricity along its length. As the magnet is moved up and down through the wire coil, the magnetic flux (the number of lines of force) is constantly changing. This constant change leads to an electromotive force (EMF), which behaves like a battery, providing the necessary power for electrons to flow and generate electrical current. The video demonstrates that electricity is not produced simply by placing a magnet near the wire but rather by moving the magnet. The rate at which the magnet is moved dictates how much electricity is created. Nevertheless, as seen from the chart, the movement of electricity ceases completely when the magnet remains stationary, regardless of whether it is inside the coil. Video 📸: py6cj
0:13

Faraday's Law of Induction ✍️ It describes the phenomenon of how a changing magnetic field around a wire can "force" electricity along its length. As the magnet is moved up and down through the wire coil, the magnetic flux (the number of lines of force) is constantly changing. This constant change leads to an electromotive force (EMF), which behaves like a battery, providing the necessary power for electrons to flow and generate electrical current. The video demonstrates that electricity is not produced simply by placing a magnet near the wire but rather by moving the magnet. The rate at which the magnet is moved dictates how much electricity is created. Nevertheless, as seen from the chart, the movement of electricity ceases completely when the magnet remains stationary, regardless of whether it is inside the coil. Video 📸: py6cj

ScieVision

27,185 просмотров • 3 месяцев назад

A very good morning. Welcome to The Council Benji This marks the third Skull in a little run. The first went to a fund I've never met. The second: through Eli Scheinman to a new collector/foundation who has been quietly entering the space in a very significant way across a number of collections whom I’ve never spoken to. Their new entrance enabled a wedding and start of a new married life for Conviction. In my very first conversation with him, we spoke about curses and commitments to the people we love. Since meeting got to talk through each step on that path, from letting go, what is imbued in the ring and ceremony of it all, a proposal, and on the way to the most important of the steps in pursuit of a blessed life. It is easy to get a little cynical on the over-leveraged exit stories that spring up from time to time, so it is a treat to watch one go towards a celebration that’s been building up in his life since the Skull was first acquired. And now: this. The third Skull and the first I can really write about as a shared story across both source and destination. An exit and an entrance. The exit: The Skulls of Luci were awarded as gifts 4 years ago. But before I'd minted Birth of Luci or painted the other 49, the first person in this space I showed the sketch of The Blueprint Skull to was actually Casey💎, when he was working at SuperRare . Casey was the very first person who onboarded me to NFTs, helping me navigate the early days of whatever it meant to even mint something. I explained the idea of gifting one to each person who bid in my first auctions. Though most of the Skulls went to the bidders, Casey's didn't. He didn't ask for one. I didn't tell him I'd give him one. But he helped me take my first steps here, and it's hard to imagine any of this making sense, or unfolding the way it has, without him. Since then, we've broken bread across continents, seen quite a lot of chortling margarita consumption, watched the rise and fall of a lot around us, weathered inter-Council dramas. He brought Laura El into The Monument Game, played as a Player, wore a Mask. Most of the vibe that started all of this, the wild west of it, feels faded in the broader space at times. But every Skull has a story and a person who helped us get here. Casey will always be the one who was there before any metric muddled the reason to care. The entrance: Last fall, Benji came over for a studio visit. We walked through Luci, the works, structure, and dream, as anyone who visits does. But we mostly talked about being a father and having a father. We discussed the very idea of "collection" stripped of accumulation, value, or signal, located more in the act or ceremony of it. What it was to grow up with a curious father who studied the edges of each thing he saw to know the next layer beneath why anyone might look or ignore it. That to pass this on is to pass on questioning, more than it is to pass on any kind of answer. The process of collecting can be perceived as an individual act of hoarding. For some it is maybe. But at its best, it's a way to bind through shared questioning, to bond in cooperation and competition with friends and family, it is the swapped story and meme of it all, and each object gathered along the way carries some shared memory that can, often does, and with intent: should; drift out of the object entirely. All in the psalm, always has been. The studio visit came and went. Soon after, a package arrived in the mail with two of the softest stuffed animals added to my daughter's own collection, now among her favorites. The Skull is a bonus to that, in the scheme of shared memory. For Rachel and I, while we are heads down making a body of work that unsettles us and excites us but demands unknown time to accomplish, it means a great deal to have this kind of support from long term people in the quiet process of making work we want to leave behind ourselves. Enormously grateful to Casey for the many years of support and friendship, to Benny for being a true patron, and to Benji for entering the arena for what I'm working on next. Welcome.
0:11

A very good morning. Welcome to The Council Benji This marks the third Skull in a little run. The first went to a fund I've never met. The second: through Eli Scheinman to a new collector/foundation who has been quietly entering the space in a very significant way across a number of collections whom I’ve never spoken to. Their new entrance enabled a wedding and start of a new married life for Conviction. In my very first conversation with him, we spoke about curses and commitments to the people we love. Since meeting got to talk through each step on that path, from letting go, what is imbued in the ring and ceremony of it all, a proposal, and on the way to the most important of the steps in pursuit of a blessed life. It is easy to get a little cynical on the over-leveraged exit stories that spring up from time to time, so it is a treat to watch one go towards a celebration that’s been building up in his life since the Skull was first acquired. And now: this. The third Skull and the first I can really write about as a shared story across both source and destination. An exit and an entrance. The exit: The Skulls of Luci were awarded as gifts 4 years ago. But before I'd minted Birth of Luci or painted the other 49, the first person in this space I showed the sketch of The Blueprint Skull to was actually Casey💎, when he was working at SuperRare . Casey was the very first person who onboarded me to NFTs, helping me navigate the early days of whatever it meant to even mint something. I explained the idea of gifting one to each person who bid in my first auctions. Though most of the Skulls went to the bidders, Casey's didn't. He didn't ask for one. I didn't tell him I'd give him one. But he helped me take my first steps here, and it's hard to imagine any of this making sense, or unfolding the way it has, without him. Since then, we've broken bread across continents, seen quite a lot of chortling margarita consumption, watched the rise and fall of a lot around us, weathered inter-Council dramas. He brought Laura El into The Monument Game, played as a Player, wore a Mask. Most of the vibe that started all of this, the wild west of it, feels faded in the broader space at times. But every Skull has a story and a person who helped us get here. Casey will always be the one who was there before any metric muddled the reason to care. The entrance: Last fall, Benji came over for a studio visit. We walked through Luci, the works, structure, and dream, as anyone who visits does. But we mostly talked about being a father and having a father. We discussed the very idea of "collection" stripped of accumulation, value, or signal, located more in the act or ceremony of it. What it was to grow up with a curious father who studied the edges of each thing he saw to know the next layer beneath why anyone might look or ignore it. That to pass this on is to pass on questioning, more than it is to pass on any kind of answer. The process of collecting can be perceived as an individual act of hoarding. For some it is maybe. But at its best, it's a way to bind through shared questioning, to bond in cooperation and competition with friends and family, it is the swapped story and meme of it all, and each object gathered along the way carries some shared memory that can, often does, and with intent: should; drift out of the object entirely. All in the psalm, always has been. The studio visit came and went. Soon after, a package arrived in the mail with two of the softest stuffed animals added to my daughter's own collection, now among her favorites. The Skull is a bonus to that, in the scheme of shared memory. For Rachel and I, while we are heads down making a body of work that unsettles us and excites us but demands unknown time to accomplish, it means a great deal to have this kind of support from long term people in the quiet process of making work we want to leave behind ourselves. Enormously grateful to Casey for the many years of support and friendship, to Benny for being a true patron, and to Benji for entering the arena for what I'm working on next. Welcome.

Sam Spratt

20,786 просмотров • 3 месяцев назад

A driver caught on surveillance camera flying through an intersection in Murray Utah and the internet is going crazy trying to figure out who is at fault here - this is exactly the kind of reckless driving that turns a normal afternoon into a tragedy in a split second. Intersections are already one of the most dangerous spots on any road and when somebody decides the rules don’t apply to them everybody around them becomes a victim of that decision. Watch the video and drop your verdict in the comments.
0:12

A driver caught on surveillance camera flying through an intersection in Murray Utah and the internet is going crazy trying to figure out who is at fault here - this is exactly the kind of reckless driving that turns a normal afternoon into a tragedy in a split second. Intersections are already one of the most dangerous spots on any road and when somebody decides the rules don’t apply to them everybody around them becomes a victim of that decision. Watch the video and drop your verdict in the comments.

Tony Lane 🇺🇸

15,204 просмотров • 26 дней назад

If you have Cancer, this is your visualization. That is a cancerous cell reaching Apoptosis and Necrosis—they are gone. — Natural Killer (NK) cells play a the primary role in the immune system's defense against cancer. They induce cancer cell death primarily through two mechanisms: Apoptosis Necrosis Apoptosis is a programmed, non-inflammatory form of cell death, while necrosis is a more abrupt and inflammatory process. In many cases, NK cells can trigger a combination of both, leading to mixed forms of cell death. This dual capability allows NK cells to effectively target and destroy all tumor cells. Their ability to act without prior sensitization makes them vital for early cancer surveillance and curing existing cancer. One of the only ways cancer never starts or stops entirely is NK cells. They are the guerrilla warfare troops that never sleep. This is why it is vital for BioShield by to be approved, NOW for every cancer, not just a single cancer type. With the rest needing years and years of tests. Cancer is cancer, unregulated cell division and NK cells are NK cells. The ONLY thing that stops BioShield is government betrayal, and organized corruption disguised as following the “regulations” designed by the entrenched gatekeepers of corporate protection. Everyone knows it works that has even a molecule of biological understanding. Now you know.
0:14

If you have Cancer, this is your visualization. That is a cancerous cell reaching Apoptosis and Necrosis—they are gone. — Natural Killer (NK) cells play a the primary role in the immune system's defense against cancer. They induce cancer cell death primarily through two mechanisms: Apoptosis Necrosis Apoptosis is a programmed, non-inflammatory form of cell death, while necrosis is a more abrupt and inflammatory process. In many cases, NK cells can trigger a combination of both, leading to mixed forms of cell death. This dual capability allows NK cells to effectively target and destroy all tumor cells. Their ability to act without prior sensitization makes them vital for early cancer surveillance and curing existing cancer. One of the only ways cancer never starts or stops entirely is NK cells. They are the guerrilla warfare troops that never sleep. This is why it is vital for BioShield by to be approved, NOW for every cancer, not just a single cancer type. With the rest needing years and years of tests. Cancer is cancer, unregulated cell division and NK cells are NK cells. The ONLY thing that stops BioShield is government betrayal, and organized corruption disguised as following the “regulations” designed by the entrenched gatekeepers of corporate protection. Everyone knows it works that has even a molecule of biological understanding. Now you know.

Brian Roemmele

191,436 просмотров • 8 месяцев назад

Day 11/90 of Inference Engineering How does vLLM work and how is it used in production? Before we discuss how vLLM works internally, it helps to understand what vLLM is. At a high level, vLLM is an inference engine that is designed to serve LLMs to thousands of concurrent users efficiently while managing scarce compute and memory. The goal for vLLM is to maximize throughput and minimize latency; optimizing for the best inference economics and experience for end users. With every request from the end user, it eventually ends up in the engine core, gets scheduled alongside other requests from other concurrent users, executes on the GPU, and updates the KV cache with the new key and value vectors, and streams the tokens back to the user. The Scheduler decides what requests should execute next while continuously batching requests together to maximize GPU utilization. Continuous batching is an inference optimization that allows new requests to join a running batch as other requests finish generating tokens. This helps with keeping the GPU utilization high instead of letting it sit idle waiting for an entire batch to complete generating. After the scheduler dispatches the selected batch to the Model Executor, the Model Executor prepares the tensors and metadata required for inference, retrieves each request’s block table from KV Cache Manager, launches the optimized transformer forward pass on the GPU, computes the logits, updates the KV cache with the new key and value vectors, and finally returns the results for sampling and streaming. The KV Cache Manager uses the PagedAttention memory layout to allocate fixed-size cache blocks on demand and maintains a Free Block Queue on the CPU that tracks which blocks in the GPU’s Paged KV Cache are currently free. When a request needs additional KV cache space, the KV Cache manager takes a free block from the queue and assigns it to that request, thus avoiding an expensive search through GPU memory for available cache blocks. All of these components form the core of vLLM’s inference engine. The Scheduler determines what requests are executed, the Model Executor determines how those requests are executed, the KV Cache Manager determines where each request’s KV cache lives using the PagedAttention Memory Layout. This architecture enables vLLM to serve thousands of concurrent requests with high throughput, low latency, and efficient GPU memory utilization. Heres a little animation that visualizes everything! - I've also completed the forward pass for my mnist.c project. I had a nice chat with shrey birmiwal, such a knowledgeable guy. Excited to learn more about vLLM and implement a tiny-vLLM one day.
0:14

Day 11/90 of Inference Engineering How does vLLM work and how is it used in production? Before we discuss how vLLM works internally, it helps to understand what vLLM is. At a high level, vLLM is an inference engine that is designed to serve LLMs to thousands of concurrent users efficiently while managing scarce compute and memory. The goal for vLLM is to maximize throughput and minimize latency; optimizing for the best inference economics and experience for end users. With every request from the end user, it eventually ends up in the engine core, gets scheduled alongside other requests from other concurrent users, executes on the GPU, and updates the KV cache with the new key and value vectors, and streams the tokens back to the user. The Scheduler decides what requests should execute next while continuously batching requests together to maximize GPU utilization. Continuous batching is an inference optimization that allows new requests to join a running batch as other requests finish generating tokens. This helps with keeping the GPU utilization high instead of letting it sit idle waiting for an entire batch to complete generating. After the scheduler dispatches the selected batch to the Model Executor, the Model Executor prepares the tensors and metadata required for inference, retrieves each request’s block table from KV Cache Manager, launches the optimized transformer forward pass on the GPU, computes the logits, updates the KV cache with the new key and value vectors, and finally returns the results for sampling and streaming. The KV Cache Manager uses the PagedAttention memory layout to allocate fixed-size cache blocks on demand and maintains a Free Block Queue on the CPU that tracks which blocks in the GPU’s Paged KV Cache are currently free. When a request needs additional KV cache space, the KV Cache manager takes a free block from the queue and assigns it to that request, thus avoiding an expensive search through GPU memory for available cache blocks. All of these components form the core of vLLM’s inference engine. The Scheduler determines what requests are executed, the Model Executor determines how those requests are executed, the KV Cache Manager determines where each request’s KV cache lives using the PagedAttention Memory Layout. This architecture enables vLLM to serve thousands of concurrent requests with high throughput, low latency, and efficient GPU memory utilization. Heres a little animation that visualizes everything! - I've also completed the forward pass for my mnist.c project. I had a nice chat with shrey birmiwal, such a knowledgeable guy. Excited to learn more about vLLM and implement a tiny-vLLM one day.

max fu

69,270 просмотров • 9 дней назад

Inside every cell, there is a transport system that determines how materials move, signals propagate, and structure is maintained. This video captures that system in motion. The glowing streaks mark the growing ends of microtubules (protein polymers that constantly assemble and disassemble through a process called dynamic instability). Rather than forming permanent tracks, microtubules are rebuilt continuously, allowing cells to reorganize their internal layout in real time. This behavior is essential for life. Cells rely on microtubule dynamics to divide accurately, migrate during development and repair, and maintain long-distance transport in neurons that may span over a meter in length. When this system is altered, the consequences are significant. Certain cancer therapies work by locking microtubules in place, preventing cell division. In contrast, failures in microtubule transport are linked to neurodegenerative conditions (like Alzheimer's) where intracellular delivery breaks down. What appears as abstract motion under a microscope is actually one of the core systems that keeps cells functional, adaptable, and alive. Video Credit: Andy Moore
0:12

Inside every cell, there is a transport system that determines how materials move, signals propagate, and structure is maintained. This video captures that system in motion. The glowing streaks mark the growing ends of microtubules (protein polymers that constantly assemble and disassemble through a process called dynamic instability). Rather than forming permanent tracks, microtubules are rebuilt continuously, allowing cells to reorganize their internal layout in real time. This behavior is essential for life. Cells rely on microtubule dynamics to divide accurately, migrate during development and repair, and maintain long-distance transport in neurons that may span over a meter in length. When this system is altered, the consequences are significant. Certain cancer therapies work by locking microtubules in place, preventing cell division. In contrast, failures in microtubule transport are linked to neurodegenerative conditions (like Alzheimer's) where intracellular delivery breaks down. What appears as abstract motion under a microscope is actually one of the core systems that keeps cells functional, adaptable, and alive. Video Credit: Andy Moore

William A. Wallace, Ph.D.

18,469 просмотров • 5 месяцев назад