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Check out our #ICRA2024 paper "Contrastive Initial State Buffer for Reinforcement Learning," which tackles the sample inefficiency in #ReinforcementLearning head-on. Code released! We introduce an approach agnostic to the underlying RL algorithm: the Contrastive Initial State Buffer. This tool strategically selects states from past experiences and uses them to...

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Davide Scaramuzza

18,213 subscribers

13,846 Aufrufe • vor 2 Jahren •via X (Twitter)

#ICRA2024#ReinforcementLearning
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Stone Taovor 2 Jahren

Interesting work! We recently also explored the angle of modifying the initial state distribution but in a learning from demos context: Same outcome: better initial state distribution in sim = far more sample efficient

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Davide Scaramuzza

15,533 Aufrufe • vor 1 Jahr

We are thrilled to share our breakthrough research on "Agile Flight from Pixels without State Estimation," to be presented and live-demonstrated at #RSS2024 next week! You heard well: no state estimation means no explicit visual localization, no SLAM, no VIO, and no IMU! Paper: Video (Narrated): Last year, we demonstrated that #ReinforcementLearning (RL) policies could outperform world-champion drone-racing pilots using the same quadrotor hardware; however, unlike human pilots, these policies continuously estimated an explicit state from known gate positions, the camera feed, and inertial measurements (IMU). In this new work, we tackle the challenge of learning vision-based drone racing using an end-to-end reinforcement learning approach that eliminates the need for IMU data or explicit state estimation. Like professional pilots, we go directly from images to control commands. The training is facilitated by an asymmetric actor-critic with access to privileged information. To overcome the computational complexity during image-based RL training, we use an appropriate sensor representation, which can be efficiently simulated during training without rendering images. We achieve agile flight at speeds up to 40 km/h with accelerations up to 2 g's. Although our demonstration focuses on drone racing, we believe that our method has an impact beyond drone racing and can serve as a foundation for future research into real-world applications in structured environments. Besides the paper presentation, we will also give a live demo next Tuesday and Wednesday between and hrs at TU Delft: Reference: Ismail Geles*, Leonard Bauersfeld*, Angel Romero, Jiaxu Xing, Davide Scaramuzza "Demonstrating Agile Flight from Pixels without State Estimation" Robotics: Science and Systems (RSS), 2024. Kudos to Ismail Geles Leonard Bauersfeld Ángel Romero Jiaxu Xing! University of Zurich UZH Science UZH Space Hub Aerial Core AUTOASSESS European Research Council (ERC)
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We are thrilled to share our breakthrough research on "Agile Flight from Pixels without State Estimation," to be presented and live-demonstrated at #RSS2024 next week! You heard well: no state estimation means no explicit visual localization, no SLAM, no VIO, and no IMU! Paper: Video (Narrated): Last year, we demonstrated that #ReinforcementLearning (RL) policies could outperform world-champion drone-racing pilots using the same quadrotor hardware; however, unlike human pilots, these policies continuously estimated an explicit state from known gate positions, the camera feed, and inertial measurements (IMU). In this new work, we tackle the challenge of learning vision-based drone racing using an end-to-end reinforcement learning approach that eliminates the need for IMU data or explicit state estimation. Like professional pilots, we go directly from images to control commands. The training is facilitated by an asymmetric actor-critic with access to privileged information. To overcome the computational complexity during image-based RL training, we use an appropriate sensor representation, which can be efficiently simulated during training without rendering images. We achieve agile flight at speeds up to 40 km/h with accelerations up to 2 g's. Although our demonstration focuses on drone racing, we believe that our method has an impact beyond drone racing and can serve as a foundation for future research into real-world applications in structured environments. Besides the paper presentation, we will also give a live demo next Tuesday and Wednesday between and hrs at TU Delft: Reference: Ismail Geles*, Leonard Bauersfeld*, Angel Romero, Jiaxu Xing, Davide Scaramuzza "Demonstrating Agile Flight from Pixels without State Estimation" Robotics: Science and Systems (RSS), 2024. Kudos to Ismail Geles Leonard Bauersfeld Ángel Romero Jiaxu Xing! University of Zurich UZH Science UZH Space Hub Aerial Core AUTOASSESS European Research Council (ERC)

Davide Scaramuzza

27,912 Aufrufe • vor 2 Jahren

We are excited to share our latest work, "Learning on the Fly: Rapid Policy Adaptation via Differentiable Simulation", where a policy learns to adapt in the real world to unknown disturbances within 5 seconds, both with and without explicit state estimation, directly from visual features. Code released! PDF: Project Page: Starting from a simple analytical dynamics model, the system continuously learns residual dynamics from real-world data and embeds the refined model into a differentiable simulator. This enables fast, gradient-based policy updates that are far more sample-efficient than classical #ReinforcementLearning. We demonstrate rapid adaptation in <5 seconds in agile quadrotor control under challenging conditions, including added payloads, wind disturbances, and large sim-to-real gaps. In real-world experiments, our method reduces hovering error by up to 81% compared to L1-MPC and 55% compared to PPO-based adaptive methods. It also operates directly from visual features without explicit state estimation. Reference: “Learning on the Fly: Rapid Policy Adaptation via Differentiable Simulation” IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 2026 PDF: Video: Code: Website: Kudos to Michael Pan, Jiaxu Xing, Rudolf Reiter, Yifan Zhai, Elie Aljalbout! UZH Space Hub UZH IfI European Research Council (ERC) AUTOASSESS UZH Science University of Zurich
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We are excited to share our latest work, "Learning on the Fly: Rapid Policy Adaptation via Differentiable Simulation", where a policy learns to adapt in the real world to unknown disturbances within 5 seconds, both with and without explicit state estimation, directly from visual features. Code released! PDF: Project Page: Starting from a simple analytical dynamics model, the system continuously learns residual dynamics from real-world data and embeds the refined model into a differentiable simulator. This enables fast, gradient-based policy updates that are far more sample-efficient than classical #ReinforcementLearning. We demonstrate rapid adaptation in <5 seconds in agile quadrotor control under challenging conditions, including added payloads, wind disturbances, and large sim-to-real gaps. In real-world experiments, our method reduces hovering error by up to 81% compared to L1-MPC and 55% compared to PPO-based adaptive methods. It also operates directly from visual features without explicit state estimation. Reference: “Learning on the Fly: Rapid Policy Adaptation via Differentiable Simulation” IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 2026 PDF: Video: Code: Website: Kudos to Michael Pan, Jiaxu Xing, Rudolf Reiter, Yifan Zhai, Elie Aljalbout! UZH Space Hub UZH IfI European Research Council (ERC) AUTOASSESS UZH Science University of Zurich

Davide Scaramuzza

19,144 Aufrufe • vor 5 Monaten

Check out our #RSS2024 paper "#MPCC++: Model Predictive Contouring Control for Time-Optimal Flight with Safety Constraints." Model Predictive Contouring Control (MPCC) has shown promising results for agile robotics applications, including car and drone racing. Existing approaches struggle to introduce safety considerations, often resulting in crashes. What does it take to drive or fly fast and safe? We enhance our former MPCC by incorporating spatial constraints that reliably prevent obstacle collisions, allowing planning the fastest trajectory within these safety limits. To improve performance, we leverage real-world data to refine the dynamic model. Our approach is the first to achieve a 100% success rate in real-world experiments. This safety benefit comes without compromising performance, as our method achieves lap times comparable to the best-performing state-based #ReinforcementLearning (RL) policies. Reference M. Krinner, A. Romero, L. Bauersfeld, M. Zeilinger, A. Carron, D. Scaramuzza, "MPCC++: Model Predictive Contouring Control for Time-Optimal Flight with Safety Constraints" Robotics, Science and Systems, 2024 PDF: Video: Kudos to Maria Krinner, Angel Romero Aguilar, Leonard Bauersfeld, Melanie Zeilinger, Andrea Carron! Ángel Romero Leonard Bauersfeld University of Zurich UZH Science UZH Space Hub AUTOASSESS European Research Council (ERC) #MPC #ModelPredictiveControl
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Davide Scaramuzza

17,888 Aufrufe • vor 2 Jahren

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Can an inexpensive, off-the-shelf IMU be the only sensor to estimate the full state (position, velocity, orientation) of a quadrotor flying through a track at high speed and even be on-pair with vision-based localization? The answer is yes, within certain limitations! In this #RAL2023 paper, we propose a learning-based odometry algorithm that couples a model-based filter driven by the inertial measurements with a learning-based module with access to the control commands. Our system outperforms by a large margin the state-of-the-art visual-inertial odometry (#VIO) algorithms and the state-of-the-art learned-inertial odometry algorithm, #TLIO, for the task of drone racing. Additionally, we show that our system is as accurate as a VIO algorithm that uses a camera to localize to a known map of the racing track. The main limitation of our approach is that it cannot generalize to trajectories that have not been seen at training time. However, in drone racing competitions, the track is known beforehand. Human pilots spend hours or even days of practice on the race track before the competition. Similarly, our system can be trained with the data collected during practice time and deployed during the competition. Future work will investigate how to generalize to trajectories not seen at training time. The code is released! Paper: Video: Code: Kudos to Giovanni Cioffi Leonard Bauersfeld Elia Kaufmann European Research Council (ERC) University of Zurich UZH Science UZH Space Hub NCCR Robotics Aerial Core #RAL2023 #IROS2023 #SLAM

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37,061 Aufrufe • vor 2 Jahren

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We are excited to share our work “Event-Aided Sharp Radiance Field Reconstruction for Fast-Flying Drones” published in IEEE Transactions on Robotics IEEE Transactions on Robotics (T-RO), which tackles sharp radiance field reconstruction under agile drone motion, where RGB frames are heavily motion-blurred and pose priors become unreliable! 4 years in the making! Code & dataset released! PDF: Code & Dataset: Full Narrated Video: High-speed flight is essential for time- and battery-constrained missions (e.g., inspection, exploration, search & rescue). However, fast motion corrupts visual data with severe motion blur and introduces drift/noise in visual-inertial odometry, making NeRF-based 3D reconstruction particularly brittle. We propose a unified framework that leverages asynchronous #EventCamera streams together with motion-blurred frames to reconstruct high-fidelity radiance fields from agile drone flights. Our key idea is to embed event-image fusion directly into radiance field optimization while jointly refining a shared, continuous-time camera trajectory initialized from event-based VIO. This enables us to recover sharp radiance fields and accurate trajectories without ground-truth supervision during training. We validate our method on synthetic data and on real sequences captured by a drone flying up to 2 m/s. Despite severe blur and noisy pose priors, our method preserves fine scene details and achieves a performance gain of over 50% on real-world data compared to state-of-the-art methods. Kudos to Rong Zou and Marco Cannici! Marco Cannici Reference: Rong Zou*, Marco Cannici*, Davide Scaramuzza Event-Aided Sharp Radiance Field Reconstruction for Fast-Flying Drones IEEE Transactions on Robotics (T-RO), 2026 NCCR Robotics European Research Council (ERC) AUTOASSESS UZH IfI University of Zurich UZH Science Prophesee SynSense UZH Space Hub

Davide Scaramuzza

11,946 Aufrufe • vor 4 Monaten

Want to track features in high-speed motion? Check out our #CVPR2023 paper and Award candidate, which introduces the first data-driven feature tracker for #eventcameras Paper, code: Kudos Messikommer Carter Mathias Gehrig
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Want to track features in high-speed motion? Check out our #CVPR2023 paper and Award candidate, which introduces the first data-driven feature tracker for #eventcameras Paper, code: Kudos Messikommer Carter Mathias Gehrig

Davide Scaramuzza

24,013 Aufrufe • vor 3 Jahren

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NVIDIA Robotics

13,848 Aufrufe • vor 1 Jahr

We are excited to share our latest work, "Superhuman Safe and Agile Racing through Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning," done in collaboration with Google DeepMind . Autonomous drones have reached superhuman speed in isolation, but what happens when multiple agents share the same airspace? Paper: Website: Video: Using league-based self-play, we train #ReinforcementLearning agents that race against a diverse, evolving population of opponents. Through this competitive training, sophisticated behaviors emerge without explicit programming: strategic overtaking, proactive collision avoidance, and even awareness of aerodynamic downwash from nearby drones. In real-world multi-player races at speeds exceeding 80kph (50 mph) and accelerations up to 7g, our agents outperform a five-time Swiss national drone racing champion while reducing collision rates by 50% compared to single-agent baselines. Crucially, training against diverse artificial opponents enables zero-shot generalization to human pilots, achieving over 90% race completion in mixed human-AI races with up to four competitors. A key insight: human pilots adopt riskier strategies when trailing, leading to more crashes under competitive pressure. Our learned policies, by contrast, maintain consistent safety margins regardless of race standing, a property essential for deploying autonomous systems alongside humans. Also, the multi-agent self-play policies are more robust than those trained independently, suggesting that training in competitive environments is not only key to winning races but also to learning safer, more reliable autonomy for real-world multi-robot systems. Kudos to Ismail Geles, Leonard Bauersfeld, Markus Wulfmeier! Ismail Geles Leonard Bauersfeld Markus Wulfmeier European Research Council (ERC) UZH IfI University of Zurich UZH Science UZH Space Hub Swiss Robotics NCCR Robotics
1:47

We are excited to share our latest work, "Superhuman Safe and Agile Racing through Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning," done in collaboration with Google DeepMind . Autonomous drones have reached superhuman speed in isolation, but what happens when multiple agents share the same airspace? Paper: Website: Video: Using league-based self-play, we train #ReinforcementLearning agents that race against a diverse, evolving population of opponents. Through this competitive training, sophisticated behaviors emerge without explicit programming: strategic overtaking, proactive collision avoidance, and even awareness of aerodynamic downwash from nearby drones. In real-world multi-player races at speeds exceeding 80kph (50 mph) and accelerations up to 7g, our agents outperform a five-time Swiss national drone racing champion while reducing collision rates by 50% compared to single-agent baselines. Crucially, training against diverse artificial opponents enables zero-shot generalization to human pilots, achieving over 90% race completion in mixed human-AI races with up to four competitors. A key insight: human pilots adopt riskier strategies when trailing, leading to more crashes under competitive pressure. Our learned policies, by contrast, maintain consistent safety margins regardless of race standing, a property essential for deploying autonomous systems alongside humans. Also, the multi-agent self-play policies are more robust than those trained independently, suggesting that training in competitive environments is not only key to winning races but also to learning safer, more reliable autonomy for real-world multi-robot systems. Kudos to Ismail Geles, Leonard Bauersfeld, Markus Wulfmeier! Ismail Geles Leonard Bauersfeld Markus Wulfmeier European Research Council (ERC) UZH IfI University of Zurich UZH Science UZH Space Hub Swiss Robotics NCCR Robotics

Davide Scaramuzza

14,519 Aufrufe • vor 1 Monat

We are excited to share our #CORL2024 paper on learning quadrotor obstacle avoidance from the visual stream of a single #eventcamera! Trained entirely in simulation! We demonstrate obstacle avoidance both in the dark and in a forest up to 5m/s. PDF: Video: Project page: Event cameras are sensors that output per-pixel-level intensity changes at microsecond latency resolution; they feature nearly zero motion blur and high dynamic range but produce a very large volume of events under significant ego-motion and further lack a high-fidelity continuous-time sensor model in simulation, making direct #sim2real transfer not possible. By leveraging depth prediction as a pretext task, we pre-train a reactive obstacle avoidance policy with “approximated” simulated events and then fine-tune the perception component with limited events-and-depth real-world data. This technique bridges the sim2real gap for #eventcameras! As at the current state, there is no continuous-time sensor model for event cameras, we hope that this work can finally spur future research leveraging simulation for training event-vision-based policies to create faster, agile robots! Kudos to Anish Bhattacharya, @marcocannic, Vijay Kumar Nikolai Matni UZH Science University of Zurich UZH Space Hub UZH IfI European Research Council (ERC) GRASP Laboratory Penn Engineering
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We are excited to share our #CORL2024 paper on learning quadrotor obstacle avoidance from the visual stream of a single #eventcamera! Trained entirely in simulation! We demonstrate obstacle avoidance both in the dark and in a forest up to 5m/s. PDF: Video: Project page: Event cameras are sensors that output per-pixel-level intensity changes at microsecond latency resolution; they feature nearly zero motion blur and high dynamic range but produce a very large volume of events under significant ego-motion and further lack a high-fidelity continuous-time sensor model in simulation, making direct #sim2real transfer not possible. By leveraging depth prediction as a pretext task, we pre-train a reactive obstacle avoidance policy with “approximated” simulated events and then fine-tune the perception component with limited events-and-depth real-world data. This technique bridges the sim2real gap for #eventcameras! As at the current state, there is no continuous-time sensor model for event cameras, we hope that this work can finally spur future research leveraging simulation for training event-vision-based policies to create faster, agile robots! Kudos to Anish Bhattacharya, @marcocannic, Vijay Kumar Nikolai Matni UZH Science University of Zurich UZH Space Hub UZH IfI European Research Council (ERC) GRASP Laboratory Penn Engineering

Davide Scaramuzza

17,219 Aufrufe • vor 1 Jahr

Our work, "A Primer on SO(3) Action Representations in Deep Reinforcement Learning," was accepted to #ICLR2026! We provide a systematic study of action representation choices in RL, showing that they fundamentally impact training stability and performance. #Robotics #AI #RL
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Our work, "A Primer on SO(3) Action Representations in Deep Reinforcement Learning," was accepted to #ICLR2026! We provide a systematic study of action representation choices in RL, showing that they fundamentally impact training stability and performance. #Robotics #AI #RL

Learning Systems and Robotics Lab (is hiring!)

49,655 Aufrufe • vor 4 Monaten

Big emotion to receive the IEEE RAS #Pioneer #Award in #Robotics and #Automation today at the IEEE ICRA here in #Yokohama 🇯🇵🎡☂️ Napoli Rules 🦾💙🤩🫶 #keepthegradient
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Big emotion to receive the IEEE RAS #Pioneer #Award in #Robotics and #Automation today at the IEEE ICRA here in #Yokohama 🇯🇵🎡☂️ Napoli Rules 🦾💙🤩🫶 #keepthegradient

Bruno Siciliano

26,124 Aufrufe • vor 2 Jahren

The teaser video for our latest Science Robotics paper. Full video will be out soon. Paper: Attention-based map encoding for learning generalized legged locomotion Link:
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The teaser video for our latest Science Robotics paper. Full video will be out soon. Paper: Attention-based map encoding for learning generalized legged locomotion Link:

Junzhe (JJ) He

13,162 Aufrufe • vor 10 Monaten

Last Sunday, we competed in the Vision Assistance Race at the CYBATHLON 2024—the "cyber Olympics" designed to push the boundaries of assistive technology. In this race, our system guided a blind participant through everyday tasks such as walking along a sidewalk, sorting colors, ordering from a touchscreen, purchasing a box of tea, and navigating a forest—all powered by computer vision assistance! We used two RGB cameras and a depth camera for localization, 3D mapping, and semantic understanding and a belt for haptic feedback. Our system received the Jury Award for the most innovative and user-friendly solution! Congratulations to our amazing team: Cornelius von Einem, Patrick Pfreundschuh, Giovanni Cioffi, Alexander Wyss, Roland Siegwart, Hans Wernher van de Venn, Alireza Darvishy, and especially to our pilot, Lukas Hendry! A big thank you to all our Master's students who contributed to this achievement, including Victoria Catalán Pastor and Tim Flueckiger! University of Zurich UZH Science UZH Space Hub ETH Zurich Autonomous Systems Lab, ETH Zürich ZHAW UZH IfI European Research Council (ERC)
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Last Sunday, we competed in the Vision Assistance Race at the CYBATHLON 2024—the "cyber Olympics" designed to push the boundaries of assistive technology. In this race, our system guided a blind participant through everyday tasks such as walking along a sidewalk, sorting colors, ordering from a touchscreen, purchasing a box of tea, and navigating a forest—all powered by computer vision assistance! We used two RGB cameras and a depth camera for localization, 3D mapping, and semantic understanding and a belt for haptic feedback. Our system received the Jury Award for the most innovative and user-friendly solution! Congratulations to our amazing team: Cornelius von Einem, Patrick Pfreundschuh, Giovanni Cioffi, Alexander Wyss, Roland Siegwart, Hans Wernher van de Venn, Alireza Darvishy, and especially to our pilot, Lukas Hendry! A big thank you to all our Master's students who contributed to this achievement, including Victoria Catalán Pastor and Tim Flueckiger! University of Zurich UZH Science UZH Space Hub ETH Zurich Autonomous Systems Lab, ETH Zürich ZHAW UZH IfI European Research Council (ERC)

Davide Scaramuzza

16,510 Aufrufe • vor 1 Jahr

Today, we're joined by Nikita Rudin, co-founder and CEO of Flexion Robotics to discuss the gap between current robotic capabilities and what’s required to deploy fully autonomous robots in the real world. Nikita explains how reinforcement learning and simulation have driven rapid progress in robot locomotion—and why locomotion is still far from “solved.” We dig into the sim2real gap, and how adding visual inputs introduces noise and significantly complicates sim-to-real transfer. We also explore the debate between end-to-end models and modular approaches, and why separating locomotion, planning, and semantics remains a pragmatic approach today. Nikita also introduces the concept of "real-to-sim", which uses real-world data to refine simulation parameters for higher fidelity training, discusses how reinforcement learning, imitation learning, and teleoperation data are combined to train robust policies for both quadruped and humanoid robots, and introduces Flexion's hierarchical approach that utilizes pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for high-level task orchestration with Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models and low-level whole-body trackers. Finally, Nikita shares the behind-the-scenes in humanoid robot demos, his take on reinforcement learning in simulation versus the real world, the nuances of reward tuning, and offers practical advice for researchers and practitioners looking to get started in robotics today. 🗒️ For the full list of resources for this episode, visit the show notes page: 📖 CHAPTERS =============================== 00:00 - Introduction 04:07 - Is robot locomotion solved? 06:04 - Sim-to-real gap 08:58 - Adding semantics to policies 09:42 - Modular vs end-to-end architectures 10:29 - Planner model 12:21 - Adapting RL techniques from quadrupeds to humanoids 15:39 - Behind robot demos 18:09 - Humanoid robots in home environments 22:03 - Training approach 23:56 - VLA models 27:59 - Closing the sim-to-real gap 32:55 - Task orchestration using VLMs 36:38 - Tool use 38:10 - Model hierarchy 43:37 - Simulator versus simulation environment 44:57 - Combining imitation learning and reinforcement learning 46:42 - RL in real world versus RL in simulation 52:58 - Reward tuning and value functions in robotics 56:38 - Predictions 1:00:10 - Humanoids, quadropeds, and wheeled platforms 1:02:45 - Advice, recommended robot kits, and community pla
1:06:07

Today, we're joined by Nikita Rudin, co-founder and CEO of Flexion Robotics to discuss the gap between current robotic capabilities and what’s required to deploy fully autonomous robots in the real world. Nikita explains how reinforcement learning and simulation have driven rapid progress in robot locomotion—and why locomotion is still far from “solved.” We dig into the sim2real gap, and how adding visual inputs introduces noise and significantly complicates sim-to-real transfer. We also explore the debate between end-to-end models and modular approaches, and why separating locomotion, planning, and semantics remains a pragmatic approach today. Nikita also introduces the concept of "real-to-sim", which uses real-world data to refine simulation parameters for higher fidelity training, discusses how reinforcement learning, imitation learning, and teleoperation data are combined to train robust policies for both quadruped and humanoid robots, and introduces Flexion's hierarchical approach that utilizes pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for high-level task orchestration with Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models and low-level whole-body trackers. Finally, Nikita shares the behind-the-scenes in humanoid robot demos, his take on reinforcement learning in simulation versus the real world, the nuances of reward tuning, and offers practical advice for researchers and practitioners looking to get started in robotics today. 🗒️ For the full list of resources for this episode, visit the show notes page: 📖 CHAPTERS =============================== 00:00 - Introduction 04:07 - Is robot locomotion solved? 06:04 - Sim-to-real gap 08:58 - Adding semantics to policies 09:42 - Modular vs end-to-end architectures 10:29 - Planner model 12:21 - Adapting RL techniques from quadrupeds to humanoids 15:39 - Behind robot demos 18:09 - Humanoid robots in home environments 22:03 - Training approach 23:56 - VLA models 27:59 - Closing the sim-to-real gap 32:55 - Task orchestration using VLMs 36:38 - Tool use 38:10 - Model hierarchy 43:37 - Simulator versus simulation environment 44:57 - Combining imitation learning and reinforcement learning 46:42 - RL in real world versus RL in simulation 52:58 - Reward tuning and value functions in robotics 56:38 - Predictions 1:00:10 - Humanoids, quadropeds, and wheeled platforms 1:02:45 - Advice, recommended robot kits, and community pla

The TWIML AI Podcast

22,264 Aufrufe • vor 6 Monaten