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Unitree founder Wang Xingxing: In robotics, locomotion and basic motion is mostly solved. But grasping and manipulation—anything related to haptics—hasn’t been solved. That’s the key bottleneck preventing them from being deployed at scale in factories and homes. He says that simulation is much faster for training but for manipulation... show more

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How to use simulation data for real-world robot manipulation? We present sim-and-real co-training, a simple recipe for manipulation. We demonstrate that sim data can significantly enhance real-world performance, even with notable differences between the sim and the real. (1/n)

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What if we're approaching robotic manipulation all wrong? Ilya Sutskever makes a fascinating point here: Current approaches throw massive amounts of data at the problem — millions of simulation steps, huge compute. And still, robots can't match human dexterity. Real-world learning of new skills? "Very out of reach." Meanwhile, humans pick up manipulation tasks almost instantly. Our dexterity is unmatched. And we do it with remarkable robustness — no reward shaping, no curriculum design, no training instability. Why the gap? Evolution. 500M years of optimisation for locomotion, vision, and manipulation. For these ancient sensorimotor tasks, maybe brute-force data isn't the answer. Maybe we should be copying the biological algorithms that already solved it. CC: Dwarkesh Patel

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A big part of scaling robot learning to solve real-world problems is that we somehow need to get enough diverse, high-quality data to train our robots to perform useful things. GPT and its fellow large language models were bootstrapped and proved out on a massive dataset of real-world language data. Unfortunately, despite our best efforts, similarly massive datasets don’t really exist for robotics — so, in our unending pursuit of high-quality, useful data, we turn to simulation. I compared a couple recent works on sim-to-real robot manipulation, which discuss how to train perception-driven manipulation policies in simulation, in such a way that they’re useful in the real world. - DextraH-RGB, from NVIDIA - Sim-and-Real Co-Training: A Simple Recipe for Vision-Based Robotic Manipulation, also from NVIDIA — specifically the GEAR lab - Sim-to-Real Reinforcement Learning for Vision-Based Dexterous Manipulation on Humanoids, another GEAR lab paper - Local Policies Enable Zero-shot Long-Horizon Manipulation, from CMU (video from DextrAH-RGB)

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