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๐—˜๐—ซ๐—ฃ๐—Ÿ๐—”๐—ก๐—”๐—ง๐—œ๐—ข๐—ก ๐—ข๐—™ ๐—ก๐—ข ๐—ฉ๐—ข๐—ง๐—˜ ๐—ข๐—ก ๐—›๐—ข๐—จ๐—ฆ๐—˜ ๐—•๐—œ๐—Ÿ๐—Ÿ ๐Ÿฐ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฑ๐Ÿด ๐—ข๐—ฅ ๐—ง๐—›๐—˜ ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฒ ๐—š๐—˜๐—ก๐—˜๐—ฅ๐—”๐—Ÿ ๐—”๐—ฃ๐—ฃ๐—ฅ๐—ข๐—ฃ๐—ฅ๐—œ๐—”๐—ง๐—œ๐—ข๐—ก๐—ฆ ๐—•๐—œ๐—Ÿ๐—Ÿ I cannot, in good conscience, vote for a budget that has failed to exorcise the phantoms of corruption. The glaring presence of the unprogrammed appropriations is an odious legacy that this Congress has yet to...

13,969 gรถrรผntรผleme โ€ข 10 ay รถnce โ€ขvia X (Twitter)

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๐—”๐—ธ๐—ฏ๐—ฎ๐˜†๐—ฎ๐—ป ๐—ฅ๐—ฒ๐—ฝ. ๐—–๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ฑ๐—ฎรฑ๐—ฎ ๐—ฐ๐—ฎ๐—น๐—น๐˜€ ๐˜๐—ผ ๐˜‡๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ผ ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜ ๐˜‚๐—ป๐—ฝ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—ด๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—บ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐—ฑ ๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐—ฝ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐—ฟ๐—ถ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป๐˜€ ๐—ฏ๐˜‚๐—ฑ๐—ด๐—ฒ๐˜, ๐—ณ๐—น๐—ฎ๐—ด๐˜€ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฎ๐˜ ๐Ÿณ๐Ÿฌ% ๐—ผ๐—ณ ๐—ณ๐˜‚๐—ป๐—ฑ๐˜€ ๐˜€๐˜๐—ถ๐—น๐—น ๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ธ๐—ฒ๐—ฑ ๐—ณ๐—ผ๐—ฟ ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ณ๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐˜€๐˜๐—ฟ๐˜‚๐—ฐ๐˜๐˜‚๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐—ฝ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—ท๐—ฒ๐—ฐ๐˜๐˜€ Amid the controversies surrounding anomalous infrastructure projects, the call to remove the unprogrammed appropriations budget took center stage during last night's plenary budget deliberations. Akbayan Rep. Perci Cendaรฑa pointed out that the two highest budget lines under the unprogrammed appropriations are still mainly for infrastructure projects: Support to foreign assisted projects for 97.3 billion pesos; and Strengthening Assistance for Government Infrastructure and Social Programs (SAGIP) for 80.9 billion pesos. "Kung susumahin, halos 70% ng Unprogrammed Appropriations sa 2026 budget ay for infrastructure projects. We could have invested in health โ€” pero lamang pa ng 3 billion ang Unprogrammed Appropriations kumpara sa DOH budget. We could have invested in education. Pero bakit puro infra pa rin?", he said. In previous years, SAGIP has been linked for the release of funds for controversial flood control projects. The budget sponsor, Rep. Mika Suansing, welcomed the call for the removal of SAGIP โ€” but not yet of the entire unprogrammed appropriations budget. In response, Akbayan Rep. Cendaรฑa called against the passage of the budget with the unprogrammed appropriations: "We have to zero out the Unprogrammed Appropriations budget until we ensure that our institutions are immune from corruption. Huwag na nating payagan na patuloy na abusuhin ang kaban ng bayan." Further, he noted the 4-year delayed allowances for healthcare and non-healthcare staff during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is also listed under the unprogrammed appropriations: "Inuna pang i-release ang flood control budget kesa bayaran ang mga healthcare workers na nagbuwis ng buhay noong pandemic." #AkbayanPartylist [๐—ฉ๐—ถ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ๐—ผ ๐—–๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ฟ๐˜๐—ฒ๐˜€๐˜†: House of Representatives]

Rep. Perci Cendaรฑa

40,410 gรถrรผntรผleme โ€ข 10 ay รถnce

[๐—ช๐—”๐—ง๐—–๐—›] ๐— ๐—ฎ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐˜†๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ด ๐—Ÿ๐—ถ๐—ฏ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—น ML Partylist ๐—ฅ๐—ฒ๐—ฝ. ๐—Ÿ๐—ฒ๐—ถ๐—น๐—ฎ ๐— . ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ ๐—Ÿ๐—ถ๐—บ๐—ฎ'๐˜€ ๐—ฝ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ฒ๐—ฑ ๐—ฎ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ฑ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐˜๐˜€ ๐—ฑ๐˜‚๐—ฟ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ฝ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ฑ ๐—ผ๐—ณ ๐—ฎ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ฑ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐˜๐˜€ ๐—ผ๐—ณ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฒ ๐—›๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜€๐—ฒ ๐—š๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—น ๐—”๐—ฝ๐—ฝ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐—ฟ๐—ถ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป๐˜€ ๐—•๐—ถ๐—น๐—น ๐Ÿญ๐Ÿฌ ๐—ข๐—ฐ๐˜๐—ผ๐—ฏ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฑ I propose an amendment to the budget of the Office of the Vice President (OVP) in the form of a reduction from P889.24 Million to its 2025 level of P733.2 Million representing a reduction of P156 Million or 17.5%. This is found in House GAB Volume I-A Page 22 Line 19. Madam Speaker, Madam Sponsor, may I briefly explain my proposed amendment. Every peso in this budget is the peopleโ€™s money. And when we demand accountability, we do so not out of hostility, but out of duty โ€” duty to the Constitution, duty to the people, and duty to the truth. Let me then again put this on record: VP Sara Duterteโ€™s repeated refusal to face this chamber is an insult. It spits on the duty of accountability, while she clings to millions in public funds she refuses to explain. This is arrogance. Para tayong mga magulang na tinatabig at sinisigawan ng anak na tumatangging magpaliwanag kung saan napunta ang baon. Kahangalan ang magsabi na aksidente lamang ito o resulta ng pagkakamali. Malinaw na pangmamaliit ito sa Kongreso at sa taumbayan. Sa madaling salita po: paulit-ulit na tayong binabastos ng Bise Presidente. Congress holds the purse. And when a child squanders the familyโ€™s money without answers, the remedy is clear: bawasan ang baon hanggang matuto. Let me be clear: this reduction is discipline, not demolition. Malayo ito sa ginawa ng kanyang ama na ginamit ang budget para pahirapan ang Commission on Human Rights (CHR) โ€” a constitutional body created to defend the powerless. What we do here is different: we call out entitlement, we confront arrogance, we demand respect. Public money is not a toy. Hindi ito pabuya na pinamimigay sa mga imbentong tao na may imbentong pangalan sa mga imbentong project. It is a trust. And until the Vice President learns respect, this House must act as the parent that disciplines a brat. Alam ko po that this move will generate varied reactions. It might even be exploited by certain camps to elicit sympathy for VP Sara. Dyan naman sila magaling. Kadramahan. Pero hindi pwedeng mangibabaw ang drama sa kung ano ang tama, sa kung ano ang makatwiran, at sa kung ano ang nararapat sa pagtatanggol sa dignidad ng institusyong ito at ng proseso ng pambansang budget. So Madam Speaker, Madam Sponsor, I respectfully but firmly propose the reduction of the budget of the Office of the Vice President from P889.24 Million to its 2025 level of P733.2 Million. I so move. Maraming salamat po.

Leila de Lima

26,899 gรถrรผntรผleme โ€ข 10 ay รถnce

๐—œ ๐˜ƒ๐—ผ๐˜๐—ฒ ๐—ก๐—ข ๐˜๐—ผ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฒ ๐—š๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—น ๐—”๐—ฝ๐—ฝ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐—ฟ๐—ถ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป๐˜€ ๐—•๐—ถ๐—น๐—น! ๐—ช๐—ฎ๐—น๐—ฎ ๐—ป๐—ฎ ๐—ฑ๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐˜ ๐—จ๐—ป๐—ฝ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—ด๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—บ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐—ฑ ๐—”๐—ฝ๐—ฝ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐—ฟ๐—ถ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป๐˜€. ๐—ช๐—ฎ๐—ด ๐—น๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ด ๐˜‡๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ผ, ๐—ธ๐˜‚๐—ป๐—ฑ๐—ถ ๐—ก๐—ผ, ๐—ก๐—ผ! Sa kabila ng matagumpay nating mga ipinaglaban sa proposed 2026 National Budget, mas mabigat pa rin ang mga nakita nating item na hindi katanggap-tanggap. Humihingi ang Judiciary ng โ‚ฑ28.31 billion reconsideration โ€” pero ang ibinigay lang ay โ‚ฑ1.46 billion. 5.15% lang po ito. Isang co-equal branch na may napakalaking papel ang Hudikatura, pero kulang-kulang ang suporta. The Judiciary deserves not just respect in words โ€” but support in resources. We are also dismayed by the cut in the additional budget for the Commission on Human Rights. Taon-taon na lang, underfunded ang CHR. Hindi dapat kinukuripot ang pangangalaga sa ating dignidad at karapatang pantao. Pagdating naman sa Unprogrammed Appropriations, I firmly believe that itโ€™s time to stop having this in the national budget. Unang rason: Unprogrammed Appropriations have no definite source of financing. Walang tiyak na pagkukunan na koleksyon ng buwis o utang para dito. Kung wala palang pera ay bakit magbabalak na gumasta? Pangalawang rason: The practice of having Unprogrammed Appropriations is tantamount to undue delegation of legislative power to the Executive. Only the legislature has the power to appropriate. In the past, billions have been authorized to be released without adequate congressional scrutiny and sufficient safeguards. Naging pugad tuloy ito ng mga ghost, sub-standard and overpriced projects. Also, some UA items came in lump-sums, with no specificity or itemization, with no prior determination of, say, real projects and actual recipients. Only the Executive knows how unprogrammed funds are being used, and we in Congress and the public find out only after the fact. This abdication of the congressional power of the purse must be discontinued. Pangatlong rason: Nagiging kumbenyenteng parkingan ang Unprogrammed Appropriations ng mga dapat naman ay programado at obligado nang mga gastusin. This practice has created persistent false hopes and mass deception among the affected sectors and agencies, who have been made to budgetary support when no real funding actually exists. Kung wala nang UA, mapipilitan ang Ehekutibo at Kongreso na talagang pondohan ang mga ito, sapagkat may mandato at prayoridad sa ilalim ng mga batas o kontrata. Prime examples of these are the โ€œrevised AFP modernization programโ€, โ€œprior yearsโ€™ LGU sharesโ€, โ€œsupport to foreign-assisted projectsโ€ and โ€œbudgetary support to GOCCs.โ€ I also expressed disappointment on the rejection of the proposed amendments to the Special Provisions on Unprogrammed Funds, as proposed by Representative Tinio, that would have provided additional safeguards against abuses of unprogrammed funds. Kung ipinipilit pa rin ang unprogrammed appropriations, bakit nireject pati ang additional safeguards at accountability mechanisms para dito? Therefore, my stand against the Unprogrammed Appropriations is a constitutional imperative and a moral obligation on my part. This Representation votes NO vote to House Bill No. 4058.

Leila de Lima

26,363 gรถrรผntรผleme โ€ข 10 ay รถnce

๐„๐๐Ž๐”๐†๐‡ ๐ˆ๐’ ๐„๐๐Ž๐”๐†๐‡! ๐„๐๐Ž๐”๐†๐‡ ๐Ž๐… ๐‡๐„๐‘ ๐๐‘๐€๐“๐“๐ˆ๐๐„๐’๐’! Sara Duterte's repeated non-appearance before Congress shows grave insult and disrespect to this institution. If she cannot respect usโ€”the Members of the House of Representativesโ€”at least respect the House of Representatives as an institution, at least respect the Constitution. The whole budget process is something that is being directed and recognized by the Constitution itself. So disrespecting the budgetary process of this Body is a clear case of disrespect of our Constitution. Who is she to continuously disrespect or show disrespect to this Body as an institution and to the Constitution. If she can afford to be showing herself up to the Senate, including being there, and applauding the former Senate President in his privilege speech, which is definitely not part of her mandate as a Vice President, why can't she not spare a few moments of her time attending to her official function as Vice President to defend the budget of her office. Enough is enough! Enough of her brattiness! So, I rise today to manifest my extreme displeasure about the behavior of VP Sara, and in due time, I will move for the decrease in the budget of the Office of the Vice President. I actually intended initially to move for zero budget or for the disapproval of the budget of the Office of the Vice President in light of those very questionable actuations of the part of the Vice President. But after some mulling, after some reflections, and out of courtesy also and consideration to the personnel and staff of the Office of the Vice President, Iโ€™m just now thinking of moving for the decrease, letโ€™s say, for the retention of the MOOE and personnel services budget and get rid of the operational budget of the Office of the Vice President. I will move for that, at the proper time, during the period of amendment. And I hope that my colleagues will join me in that amendment. Wag niyang bastusin ang ating Konstitusyon!

Leila de Lima

135,124 gรถrรผntรผleme โ€ข 10 ay รถnce

My goal in this budget process has always been to make sure weโ€™re funding core, basic services in a balanced and disciplined manner. We know there is an inherent tension between asking people to pay rates, fees and taxesโ€” and the issue of affordability. We want to make sure our city can provide the quality-of-life services that our residents deserve, but we also want to make sure weโ€™re putting affordability first in our community. While I worry a lot about affordability, I also worry about the ability of our city to deliver quality services without more revenue. I strongly believe that if we're not making the kinds of investments we need to make in our people and our services, we will be managing decay in Austin in a very short period of time. This budget will not meet everyoneโ€™s concept of perfection. Truthfully, there are parts of the budget that I donโ€™t like. That goes with living in a big, diverse cityโ€”different people will have different priorities, and we need to make room for all of us. Now, it is time for us to trust our voters. Voters have an opportunity in November to make a very important decision. From my perspective, the best part of this budget is that we fully fund our homeless strategy office. That was my greatest emphasis, and we've achieved it. It will make a world of difference in getting homeless people off the street in a very short period of time. I'm also very pleased with what weโ€™ve added to funding for public safety, EMS, and wildfire prevention. A positive vote in the November tax rate election will allow us to pay for these needed services. And we make a significant investment in our parks. I look forward to a result that will be the best benefit of our community.

Mayor Kirk Watson

32,624 gรถrรผntรผleme โ€ข 1 yฤฑl รถnce

Diversionary tactic of Vice President Sara Duterte EXPOSED! The Chairman of the House Committee on Appropriations responded to the video message of the Vice President Sara Duterte last night and I agree that this is nothing but a diversionary tactic. In his speech as attached below, Chairman Zaldy Co pointed out very good points and I highly recommend you watch its entirety. The video message last night was a diversionary tactic to the real issues 1.) the 125 million confidential funds spent in 11 days 2.) Low PISA score 3.) Issues and questions about the DepEd expenditures and a lot more. If there is one thing I want to highlight here, it is probably the part when Chairman Zaldy Co said that Vice President Sara Duterte assured them she can defend/justify the requested confidential funds. And so, let me thank the 19th Congress for disapproving the confidential funds requested by the OVP in 2024. โ€œPang-apat, paulit-ulit niyang sinasabi, "I will defer to the wisdom of Congress," pero hindi ito totoo. Kung talagang iginagalang niya ang Kongreso, sasagutin niya ang mga tanong, lalo na sa isyu ng confidential funds. Last year, kinausap namin si VP Sara tungkol sa 2024 budget, at sinabi niya na โ€œituloy nโ€™yo yanโ€ โ€“ meaning ang confidential funds โ€“ dahil kaya daw niya itong i-justify. Buti na lang at hindi namin itinuloy. Tama ang ginawa namin, at saludo ako sa aking mga kasama sa Kongreso. Ang kapangyarihan ng budget ay nasa Kongreso, at ipinagmamalaki ko na hindi namin isinuko ang kapangyarihang ito sa Office of the Vice President. Ang pinag-uusapan dito ay pondo ng taumbayan. Tandaan, ang COA, hindi Kongreso, ang nagsabing mali ang paggamit ng P73-million confidential funds sa loob lamang ng 11 araw โ€œ

Just

271,594 gรถrรผntรผleme โ€ข 1 yฤฑl รถnce

The House defers the budget plenary deliberation of the Office of the Vice President The absence of the Vice President in the house plenary budget deliberation only means that she doesnโ€™t care enough to defend the programs and projects of her office. If she claims that all these are necessary, she will do whatever it takes to fight for it. The House of Representatives adjourned the budget deliberation around three in the morning, thatโ€™s around 17 hours of debate and interpellations. But heads of government agencies patiently wait, members of the majority and minority fulfill their duty in the arguably most important piece of legislation the congress needs to pass every year. I agree with what Congressman Paolo Ortega said, that the photos of the Vice President are indeed concerning, it is not just disrespectful to the House of Representatives and the office she representsโ€ฆ This is also considered as a neglect of her duty as the head of her office. โ€œIf these reports are accurate, it is deeply concerning that the Vice President chose leisure over fulfilling her official constitutional duties to the nation. The budget deliberation is a critical process, one that ensures transparency and accountability in the use of public fundsโ€ The office of the Vice President released a statement but not even that justifies her absence in the house plenary deliberation. Talking to the people is important but it is not urgent and definitely not official โ€” she can always go back and talk to them on days that are not her scheduled budget hearing. Based on an interview of Cong. Zia Alonto Adiong, his office repeatedly reached out to her office but in the end โ€œwalang meeting with OVPโ€. Please note that ALL government agencies brief the sponsor of their budget in preparation for the budget plenary hearing. Watch here: As per what's decided in plenary is that they will defer the budget deliberation and rescheduled to today, although I am not expecting that the Vice President will show up at this point. The level of her manners is beyond what I can understand, borrowing the internet word for it โ€œbratinellaโ€ Just for the record, the Vice President, her allies and her supporters cannot play victim if sheโ€™s given a much lower budget than what was approved in committee. And I will use whatever limited platform I have to call upon the Senator to see the budget proposal of the Vice President by the merits and content, not her popularity.

Just

28,512 gรถrรผntรผleme โ€ข 1 yฤฑl รถnce

Sara Duterte to blame for the lower 10 billion computerization budget I cannot and will not argue with you regarding what our constitution says; that education should get the highest budget. You are correct. I do not know whatโ€™s the next step on this but for me? The budget cut at the very least for computerization was justified and hereโ€™s why: I followed the Committee on Appropriations hearings for the budget of the Department of Education in both houses of the legislative. I have been writing a lot of this. The decision of Congress was based on facts โ€”- things they already raised with the agency numerous times, even before the budget season. Just for a quick appreciation of facts: in 2022 11.3B was allocated for the DepEd Computerization Program, in 2023 11B. A total of more than 20 billion pesos! According to the COAโ€™s DepEd 2023 report, only Php 2.075 billion of its 11.3 billion budget was utilized. So forgive me for agreeing with this budget cut, unless the new DepEd Secretary can prove that he can fix the internal issues of the agency โ€” I would rather give way to other programs in our tight fiscal space. โ€œHow can Secretary Angara defend DepEdโ€™s lack of action when the Philippines is already at rock bottom in global education rankings? A teacher-to-computer ratio of 30:1 is unacceptable in 2024. We need to see drastically improved utilization rates before any discussion of budget increases or restorationโ€ -Rep. Rodge Gutierrez I also want to emphasize the alleged rigged bidding of these computers costing us Php 1.6 Billion pesos as Rep. Jil Bongalon pointed out. You may find my post from months ago interesting: So yes! Sara Duterteโ€™s incompetence as DepEd Secretary was the basis of this budget cut. I am also interested to see how the Office of the President will reconcile the fact that the education sector should get the highest budget allocation. Please note that the President can veto line items of the General Appropriations Bill, not necessarily the whole GAB.

Just

40,092 gรถrรผntรผleme โ€ข 1 yฤฑl รถnce

๐ŸšจPBBM to the Senators: GET BACK TO WORK! This is what he said in this interview: 1. Get back to work. Get back to work because it's important. Ang dami nating kailangan gawin. We had a meeting sa UPLIFT Committee and marami tayong kailangan pagawa sa mga batas, mga batas na we were thinking na baka magka-supplemental budget, baka magka- amendahan namin ang mga ibang batas. Ito ay kailangan para makapagbigay tayo ng tulong sa taong bayan dahil nga sa oil crisis. Kung walang session, hindi ko nga maintindihan eh dahil ang pagkakaintindi ko is that ang rules โ€” nag-congressman naman ako, nag-senador din naman ako. Ang rules diyan bago ka mag-cancel ng session, you have to inform the other house three days before you cancel a session and there has to be a very good reason for canceling a session. 2. I don't think na ihahatid mo ang isang senador para pumunta kung saan siya pupunta, hindi yata sapat na dahilan para i-cancel ang isang session. Isang session lang 'yun. Ngayon, kanselado na naman ang isang session. Hindi ko nga maintindihan kung papaano sila magtatrabaho kung ganito. Ang House of Representatives ngayon ay nagtataka kung papaano ba, nagbago na ba โ€˜yung rules, nagbago na ba 'yung mga patakaran natin kagaya ng mga nakaraan? It is a rule that is contained in the Constitution. 3. I'm afraid all these events that we have been witnessing has thrown the Senate and its leadership, the whole Senate, into disarray. It has discredited the leadership and it has stopped the essential business of legislation in government. The two other departments continue to work. The Executive continues to work. The Judiciary continues to work. Why does the Legislature decide to stop working? I don't understand that. I talked to my fellow senators at the time I was senator and we cannot figure out bakit magkakaganto, anong nangyari, paano tayo napunta rito. 4. The best description I can have is that the Legislature is now in disarray. But that is exactly the opposite from what we are trying to achieve. We are trying to achieve some form of stability so that people can get on with their lives, so that people can plan ahead for their future, so that people can count on the assistance of government during this time of an emergency. And we cannot do that if the Legislature decides to stay at home and have a vacation. That is anathema to everything that governance is about. 5. I never imagined in my entire life, in my entire political life, that such a thing could happen, especially to the august โ€” it's no longer august now โ€” to the august body of the upper house, the Senate of the Philippines. ###

Thea Tan

13,262 gรถrรผntรผleme โ€ข 2 ay รถnce